Nanoparticles are widely observed in the natural shear zone and experimental slip faults, which can lubricate the fault and significantly reduce the friction coefficient during seismic slip. But it is still not clear ...Nanoparticles are widely observed in the natural shear zone and experimental slip faults, which can lubricate the fault and significantly reduce the friction coefficient during seismic slip. But it is still not clear how the nanoparticles develop during the process of sliding. Clarifying the development stage of nanoparticles in a fault zone is critical to understanding the formation mechanisms of nanoparticles and the mechanism of fault weakening from a nanoperspective. In this study, four types of nanoparticles were found in the Indosinian Xiaomei shear zone, including spherical nanoparticles, rod-like nanograins and their aggregations. Ultramicroscopic analyses indicate that polished patches are highly smooth and composed of tightly packed spherical nanoparticles and well orientated rod-like nanograins during slip at high velocities. Meanwhile, the dome nanoparticles were formed by the calcite thermal decomposition due to frictional heat during highspeed sliding. The polygonal grooves are possibly related to high temperature(>900℃) grain boundary sliding deformation mechanisms. However, the porous and rough surfaces are accompanied by a series of holes and parallel "scratches" during a subsequent low-velocity stage. To ascertain the chemical composition of these nanoparticles, the energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS) test were conducted. The results suggest that materials rich in Fe, MgO and wollastonite are likely to form the rod-like nanograins, while materials rich in SiO2 are likely to form the spherical nanoparticles.展开更多
目的基于数据挖掘、网络药理学和分子对接分析浙江省裘氏妇科流派治疗先兆流产的中医思辨特征、共性规律,并探讨常用药对的可能作用机制。方法收集省内具有一定影响力的4位裘氏妇科传承人治疗先兆流产的病例,利用SPSS 22.0和Apriori关...目的基于数据挖掘、网络药理学和分子对接分析浙江省裘氏妇科流派治疗先兆流产的中医思辨特征、共性规律,并探讨常用药对的可能作用机制。方法收集省内具有一定影响力的4位裘氏妇科传承人治疗先兆流产的病例,利用SPSS 22.0和Apriori关联规则算法筛选治疗先兆流产的高频药物及药对。应用中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform,TCMSP)筛选药用药对的活性成分、潜在靶点,并与先兆流产相关靶点作比对,构建“核心靶点-活性成分-药物”网络。运用STRING数据库得到蛋白-蛋白相互作用(protein-protein interaction,PPI)网络。通过Metascape进行基因本体(gene ontology,GO)与京都基因与基因组百科全书(kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG)富集分析。使用分子对接和分子动力学对药物关键成分、核心靶点进行验证。结果先兆流产临床常见证型包括肾虚证、血热证、气血虚弱证、血瘀证,针对不同证型,4位医家辨证论治,异中存同,其中菟丝子-白芍是最常用药对。通过TCMSP数据库共筛选出该药对的22种活性成分及125个治疗先兆流产的靶点。GO功能富集分析主要集中于对含氮化合物的反应、脂多糖分子的免疫反应、激酶调节活性等过程。KEGG分析显示主要富集于参与癌症通路和P53信号通路等相关信号通路。分子对接结果显示菟丝子-白芍药对的活性成分槲皮素(quercetin)和山柰酚(kaempferol)能较好地与AKT1、TNF、IL6、TP53、VEGFA、IL1B、JUN、CASP3、EGF和MMP9等靶基因结合,具有潜在较高的生物活性。通过50 ns的分子动力学模拟发现菟丝子-白芍对形成了稳定的分子间作用。结论裘氏妇科治疗先兆流产组方用药多从脾、肾、肝论治,且善用药对,其常用药对“菟丝子-白芍”治疗先兆流产的潜在靶点和作用机制主要参与调控生殖激素水平、炎症反应、免疫平衡、血管生成等生物学过程,为中医药治疗先兆流产提供理论依据,以及进一步发掘其潜在作用机制提供方向。展开更多
Since the recognition of the Indosinian orogeny in northern Vietnam,Triassic orogens have been widely identified around the western and southwestern boundaries of the South China block.The paleo-Tethys sutures stretch...Since the recognition of the Indosinian orogeny in northern Vietnam,Triassic orogens have been widely identified around the western and southwestern boundaries of the South China block.The paleo-Tethys sutures stretch from west to southeast,from Jinshajiang-Ailaoshan via NE Vietnam to Hainan Island;these sutures exhibit and develop voluminous Permian-early Triassic magmatism and numerous high-strain shear zones.As ophiolites related to the paleo-Tethys are lacking on Hainan Island,the eastward extension of the Indosinian orogeny and subduction and closure time of the paleo-Tethys Ocean on Hainan Island remain controversial.Here,an integrated kinematic and geochronological study has been conducted on two shear zones,called the Xiaomei and Mangsan shear zones.U-Pb zircon dating yields an age of early Triassic(252-251 Myr)for Xiaomei syntectonic granites which formed in the same tectonic setting and presented the similar nanoparticles to the Indosinian granites from Ailaoshan ductile shear zone,including the strawberry-like and flower-like nanoparticles.The NE-trending Mangsan shear zone represented by the gneissic granites with middle Permian ages(264-262 Myr)formed in the same tectonic setting as the Wuzhi-shan granites that were proposed as I-type granites.These middle Permian gneissic granites with arc affinity may represent an arc setting related to the NW subduction of the paleo-Tethys.The analyses reveal that granites with late Triassic ages(235-232 Myr)in the Xiaomei shear zone have the characteristics of A-type granites.The late Triassic extensional events on Hainan Island may be related to the subduction of the paleo-Pacific Plate beneath the East Asian continent.展开更多
[目的]通过对浙江省裘氏妇科流派治疗子宫内膜异位症(endometriosis,EMs)的中医思辨特征、共性规律的研究,总结裘氏妇科诊疗EMs的群体共性规律,并且基于网络药理学研究共性规律中的常用药对的分子机制,以期传承浙派裘氏妇科临证用药经验...[目的]通过对浙江省裘氏妇科流派治疗子宫内膜异位症(endometriosis,EMs)的中医思辨特征、共性规律的研究,总结裘氏妇科诊疗EMs的群体共性规律,并且基于网络药理学研究共性规律中的常用药对的分子机制,以期传承浙派裘氏妇科临证用药经验,提高临床疗效。[方法]临床随诊在省内具有一定影响力的4位裘氏妇科传承人张萍青、吴燕平、王幸儿、张婷,规范采集和录入临床诊疗信息,建立名中医医案数据库,采用聚类分析、关联规则分析等技术,对各名中医的用药特点、辨证规律等进行数据分析挖掘,总结其共性规律。通过中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform,TCMSP)挖掘常用药对的活性成分及作用靶标,通过GeneCards数据库挖掘EMs的相关靶点,筛选出常用药对治疗EMs的靶标,利用Cytoscape软件构建活性成分-EMs靶标网络。利用生物学信息注释数据库进行基因本体(gene ontology,GO)生物过程与京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)代谢通路富集分析,预测常用药对治疗EMs的分子机制。[结果]EMs临床常见证型包括瘀热互结证、肾虚血瘀证、气滞血瘀证。针对不同证型,4位医家辨证论治,同中存异,治疗瘀热互结证均以苦寒类的清热药及活血化瘀药为主,治疗肾虚血瘀证使用最多的药物均为补虚药及活血化瘀药,针对气滞血瘀证使用最多的药物均为理气药及活血化瘀药。其中丹参-赤芍药对是裘氏妇科治疗EMs的常用药对,通过TCMSP数据库共筛选出该药对的67种活性成分及78个治疗EMs的靶标,丹参-赤芍药对通过影响信号转导和转录活化因子3(signal transducer and activator of transcription 3,STAT3)、蛋白激酶B1(protein kinase B1,PKB1)、转录因子激活蛋白-1(activator protein-1,AP-1/JUN)、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶1(mitogen activated protein kinase 1,MAPK1)、核转录因子-κB p65(nuclear factor-κB p65,NF-κB p65/RELA)等关键靶点,调控磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶-蛋白激酶B(phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-protein kinases B,PI3K-PKB)信号通路、白细胞介素-17(interleukin-17,IL-17)信号通路、缺氧诱导因子-1(hypoxia inducible factor-1,HIF-1)信号通路等治疗EMs。[结论]4位裘氏妇科传承人治疗EMs,均以“肾虚”为本,“瘀”“热”互结为标,以苦寒、甘温之品补肾虚、化瘀血、清瘀热、行气滞,且善用药对。丹参-赤芍药对为裘氏妇科的常用药对,与裘笑梅先生清化逐瘀治疗EMs的学术思想相吻合。网络药理学揭示了该药对治疗EMs的分子机制,为进一步药效物质基础分析和分子机制研究提供了依据。展开更多
为查明构造性质不明、空间位置不清楚的南海北缘琼南缝合带西段——九所-陵水断裂带,采集断裂带东段小妹韧性剪切带中花岗岩、石榴石石英片岩和花岗质片麻岩3类样品,探讨其纳米尺度特征.扫描电镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)观...为查明构造性质不明、空间位置不清楚的南海北缘琼南缝合带西段——九所-陵水断裂带,采集断裂带东段小妹韧性剪切带中花岗岩、石榴石石英片岩和花岗质片麻岩3类样品,探讨其纳米尺度特征.扫描电镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)观测结果表明:这3类岩石存在多种纳米结构和构造,结合野外实践得到的该剪切带纳米颗粒的发育程度与其所受剪切作用有关.纳米颗粒的形成机制可能有:(1)剪切力作用下层状硅酸盐热分解;(2)颗粒塑性变形后发生脆性破裂,再经剪切作用研磨而成.与台湾太鲁阁深大断裂带中的韧性剪切带岩石样品进行SEM测试结果对比,发现其纳米颗粒特征和研究区具可比性,据此推测小妹韧性剪切带在区域构造归属上可能与九所-陵水深大断裂带密切相关.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41776072,41676048,U1701641,91328205)。
文摘Nanoparticles are widely observed in the natural shear zone and experimental slip faults, which can lubricate the fault and significantly reduce the friction coefficient during seismic slip. But it is still not clear how the nanoparticles develop during the process of sliding. Clarifying the development stage of nanoparticles in a fault zone is critical to understanding the formation mechanisms of nanoparticles and the mechanism of fault weakening from a nanoperspective. In this study, four types of nanoparticles were found in the Indosinian Xiaomei shear zone, including spherical nanoparticles, rod-like nanograins and their aggregations. Ultramicroscopic analyses indicate that polished patches are highly smooth and composed of tightly packed spherical nanoparticles and well orientated rod-like nanograins during slip at high velocities. Meanwhile, the dome nanoparticles were formed by the calcite thermal decomposition due to frictional heat during highspeed sliding. The polygonal grooves are possibly related to high temperature(>900℃) grain boundary sliding deformation mechanisms. However, the porous and rough surfaces are accompanied by a series of holes and parallel "scratches" during a subsequent low-velocity stage. To ascertain the chemical composition of these nanoparticles, the energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS) test were conducted. The results suggest that materials rich in Fe, MgO and wollastonite are likely to form the rod-like nanograins, while materials rich in SiO2 are likely to form the spherical nanoparticles.
文摘目的基于数据挖掘、网络药理学和分子对接分析浙江省裘氏妇科流派治疗先兆流产的中医思辨特征、共性规律,并探讨常用药对的可能作用机制。方法收集省内具有一定影响力的4位裘氏妇科传承人治疗先兆流产的病例,利用SPSS 22.0和Apriori关联规则算法筛选治疗先兆流产的高频药物及药对。应用中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform,TCMSP)筛选药用药对的活性成分、潜在靶点,并与先兆流产相关靶点作比对,构建“核心靶点-活性成分-药物”网络。运用STRING数据库得到蛋白-蛋白相互作用(protein-protein interaction,PPI)网络。通过Metascape进行基因本体(gene ontology,GO)与京都基因与基因组百科全书(kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG)富集分析。使用分子对接和分子动力学对药物关键成分、核心靶点进行验证。结果先兆流产临床常见证型包括肾虚证、血热证、气血虚弱证、血瘀证,针对不同证型,4位医家辨证论治,异中存同,其中菟丝子-白芍是最常用药对。通过TCMSP数据库共筛选出该药对的22种活性成分及125个治疗先兆流产的靶点。GO功能富集分析主要集中于对含氮化合物的反应、脂多糖分子的免疫反应、激酶调节活性等过程。KEGG分析显示主要富集于参与癌症通路和P53信号通路等相关信号通路。分子对接结果显示菟丝子-白芍药对的活性成分槲皮素(quercetin)和山柰酚(kaempferol)能较好地与AKT1、TNF、IL6、TP53、VEGFA、IL1B、JUN、CASP3、EGF和MMP9等靶基因结合,具有潜在较高的生物活性。通过50 ns的分子动力学模拟发现菟丝子-白芍对形成了稳定的分子间作用。结论裘氏妇科治疗先兆流产组方用药多从脾、肾、肝论治,且善用药对,其常用药对“菟丝子-白芍”治疗先兆流产的潜在靶点和作用机制主要参与调控生殖激素水平、炎症反应、免疫平衡、血管生成等生物学过程,为中医药治疗先兆流产提供理论依据,以及进一步发掘其潜在作用机制提供方向。
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41676048,U1701641,41776072,and 91328205)the Key Special Project for Introduced Talents Team of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou)(No.GML 2019ZD0205)the Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering(No.ISEE 2020YB07).
文摘Since the recognition of the Indosinian orogeny in northern Vietnam,Triassic orogens have been widely identified around the western and southwestern boundaries of the South China block.The paleo-Tethys sutures stretch from west to southeast,from Jinshajiang-Ailaoshan via NE Vietnam to Hainan Island;these sutures exhibit and develop voluminous Permian-early Triassic magmatism and numerous high-strain shear zones.As ophiolites related to the paleo-Tethys are lacking on Hainan Island,the eastward extension of the Indosinian orogeny and subduction and closure time of the paleo-Tethys Ocean on Hainan Island remain controversial.Here,an integrated kinematic and geochronological study has been conducted on two shear zones,called the Xiaomei and Mangsan shear zones.U-Pb zircon dating yields an age of early Triassic(252-251 Myr)for Xiaomei syntectonic granites which formed in the same tectonic setting and presented the similar nanoparticles to the Indosinian granites from Ailaoshan ductile shear zone,including the strawberry-like and flower-like nanoparticles.The NE-trending Mangsan shear zone represented by the gneissic granites with middle Permian ages(264-262 Myr)formed in the same tectonic setting as the Wuzhi-shan granites that were proposed as I-type granites.These middle Permian gneissic granites with arc affinity may represent an arc setting related to the NW subduction of the paleo-Tethys.The analyses reveal that granites with late Triassic ages(235-232 Myr)in the Xiaomei shear zone have the characteristics of A-type granites.The late Triassic extensional events on Hainan Island may be related to the subduction of the paleo-Pacific Plate beneath the East Asian continent.
文摘[目的]通过对浙江省裘氏妇科流派治疗子宫内膜异位症(endometriosis,EMs)的中医思辨特征、共性规律的研究,总结裘氏妇科诊疗EMs的群体共性规律,并且基于网络药理学研究共性规律中的常用药对的分子机制,以期传承浙派裘氏妇科临证用药经验,提高临床疗效。[方法]临床随诊在省内具有一定影响力的4位裘氏妇科传承人张萍青、吴燕平、王幸儿、张婷,规范采集和录入临床诊疗信息,建立名中医医案数据库,采用聚类分析、关联规则分析等技术,对各名中医的用药特点、辨证规律等进行数据分析挖掘,总结其共性规律。通过中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform,TCMSP)挖掘常用药对的活性成分及作用靶标,通过GeneCards数据库挖掘EMs的相关靶点,筛选出常用药对治疗EMs的靶标,利用Cytoscape软件构建活性成分-EMs靶标网络。利用生物学信息注释数据库进行基因本体(gene ontology,GO)生物过程与京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)代谢通路富集分析,预测常用药对治疗EMs的分子机制。[结果]EMs临床常见证型包括瘀热互结证、肾虚血瘀证、气滞血瘀证。针对不同证型,4位医家辨证论治,同中存异,治疗瘀热互结证均以苦寒类的清热药及活血化瘀药为主,治疗肾虚血瘀证使用最多的药物均为补虚药及活血化瘀药,针对气滞血瘀证使用最多的药物均为理气药及活血化瘀药。其中丹参-赤芍药对是裘氏妇科治疗EMs的常用药对,通过TCMSP数据库共筛选出该药对的67种活性成分及78个治疗EMs的靶标,丹参-赤芍药对通过影响信号转导和转录活化因子3(signal transducer and activator of transcription 3,STAT3)、蛋白激酶B1(protein kinase B1,PKB1)、转录因子激活蛋白-1(activator protein-1,AP-1/JUN)、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶1(mitogen activated protein kinase 1,MAPK1)、核转录因子-κB p65(nuclear factor-κB p65,NF-κB p65/RELA)等关键靶点,调控磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶-蛋白激酶B(phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-protein kinases B,PI3K-PKB)信号通路、白细胞介素-17(interleukin-17,IL-17)信号通路、缺氧诱导因子-1(hypoxia inducible factor-1,HIF-1)信号通路等治疗EMs。[结论]4位裘氏妇科传承人治疗EMs,均以“肾虚”为本,“瘀”“热”互结为标,以苦寒、甘温之品补肾虚、化瘀血、清瘀热、行气滞,且善用药对。丹参-赤芍药对为裘氏妇科的常用药对,与裘笑梅先生清化逐瘀治疗EMs的学术思想相吻合。网络药理学揭示了该药对治疗EMs的分子机制,为进一步药效物质基础分析和分子机制研究提供了依据。
文摘为查明构造性质不明、空间位置不清楚的南海北缘琼南缝合带西段——九所-陵水断裂带,采集断裂带东段小妹韧性剪切带中花岗岩、石榴石石英片岩和花岗质片麻岩3类样品,探讨其纳米尺度特征.扫描电镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)观测结果表明:这3类岩石存在多种纳米结构和构造,结合野外实践得到的该剪切带纳米颗粒的发育程度与其所受剪切作用有关.纳米颗粒的形成机制可能有:(1)剪切力作用下层状硅酸盐热分解;(2)颗粒塑性变形后发生脆性破裂,再经剪切作用研磨而成.与台湾太鲁阁深大断裂带中的韧性剪切带岩石样品进行SEM测试结果对比,发现其纳米颗粒特征和研究区具可比性,据此推测小妹韧性剪切带在区域构造归属上可能与九所-陵水深大断裂带密切相关.
