A comparison of the volatile compounds in Rhizomes Curcumae （Ezhu） and Radix Curcumae （Yujin） was undertaken using gas chromatography mass spectrometi-y （GC-MS）. Ultrasonic extraction and GC-MS methods were deve...A comparison of the volatile compounds in Rhizomes Curcumae （Ezhu） and Radix Curcumae （Yujin） was undertaken using gas chromatography mass spectrometi-y （GC-MS）. Ultrasonic extraction and GC-MS methods were developed for the simultaneous determination of five sesquiterpenes, namely, α-pinene, β-elemene, curcumol, germacrone and curdione, in Ezhu and Yunjin. Good linearity （r〉0.999） and high inter-day precision were observed over the investigated concentration ranges. The validated method was successfully used for the simultaneous determination of five sesquiterpenes in Ezhu and Yujin. The quantitative method can be effectively used to evaluate and monitor the quality of Chinese curcuma in clinical use.展开更多
AIM:To study effect of diterpenoid C extracted from radix curcumae on Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)-infected inflammation,intestinal metaplasia,and nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB)signaling pathway in vitro.METHODS:We u...AIM:To study effect of diterpenoid C extracted from radix curcumae on Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)-infected inflammation,intestinal metaplasia,and nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB)signaling pathway in vitro.METHODS:We used I-type H.pylori to infect human gastric epithelial gastric epithelium cell line(GES-1)cell lines,and then H.pylori-infected GES-1 cells were treated with radix curcumae(RC)-derived diterpenoid C of different concentrations(5,10,20μg/mL)and amoxicillin.The expression of p65,IκB kinase(IKK)αand IKKγproteins was detected with Western blotting,and the expression of interleukin(IL)-8,IL-6 and IL-4 was determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method.Data were analyzed using SPSS software ver18.0.For comparisons between groups of more than two unpaired values,one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)was used.If an ANOVA F value was significant,post hoc comparisons were performed between groups.If results were not normally distributed,the Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare two groups of unpaired values,whereas for comparisons between groups of more than two unpaired values,the Kruskal-Wallis H test was used.Statistical significance was established at P<0.05.RESULTS:The MTT assay results revealed the inhibited rate of GES-1,and indicated that the IC5 of RCderived diterpenoid C and amoxicillin all were 5μg/mL for gastric GES-1 cells.The expression of IL-8 was significantly increased,especially at 12 h time point;and the expression of IL-4 was decreased in H.pyloriinfected GES-1 cells.After H.pylori-infected GES-1 cells were treated with RC-derived diterpenoid C of different concentrations and amoxicillin,the expression of IL-8was decreased at 12,24,48,72 h points(P<0.01),especially in high-concentration diterpenoid C(20μg/mL)group;and the expression of IL-4 was increased,especially in moderate and high-concentration diterpenoid C(10 and 20μg/mL)groups.RC-derived diterpenoid C had the inhibitory effects on H.pylori-induced p65 translocation from cytoplasm into cell nucleus,H.pylori-stimulant IkBαdegradation,the phosphorylation of p65 and IkBα,and the expression of IKKαand IKKβproteins.CONCLUSION:RC-derived diterpenoid C can block NF-κB signal pathway,effectively reducing the secretion of H.pylori-induced proinflammatory cytokine and increasing the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokine.展开更多
To study the effect of chinese herbal medicine preventing gallstone formation, morphology of livers and gallbladders as well as conjugated bile acids of the bile. 58 female guinea pigs were randomly divided into three...To study the effect of chinese herbal medicine preventing gallstone formation, morphology of livers and gallbladders as well as conjugated bile acids of the bile. 58 female guinea pigs were randomly divided into three groups. The control group was fed on normal diet; the lithogenous groups was high cholesterol diet (HCD) and the antilithic group was high cholesterol and the chinese herbal medicine capsule (13 5 g/kg). 8 weeks later the guinea pigs were killed. Liver and gallbladder were removed for light and electroscope observation. Gallbladder bile were withdrawn and gallbladder were collected. The minute construction of gallstones were observed by scanning electron microscope and gallstone components were quantified by Fourier Transform Infrand Spectros Copy (FT IR). The morphology of liver and gallbladder were observed by light microscope and transmission electron microscope. Conjugated bile acid of biles were determined by Thin layer Chromatograph. The effect of chinese herbal medicine preventing gallstone formation, morphololgy of livers and gallbladders as well as conjugated bile acids of the bile were also observed. We measured conjugated bile acids in all groups and found that decreased in lithogenic group and increased notably in antilithic group (P<0 01) . The gallstone formation rate was 100% when the animals were fed on HCD in lithogenic group. The rate decreased to 5 3% when the animals were fed on HCD and Chinese herbal medicine capsule inantilithic group. It indicates that changes in diet is an important factor in the process of gallstone formation and the chinese herbal medicine can prevent gallstone formation effectively.展开更多
As a traditional Chinese medicine,Curcumae Radix(CR)has exhibited anti-hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)activity.However,the underlying molecular mechanism is still unclear.In the present study,network pharmacology was ut...As a traditional Chinese medicine,Curcumae Radix(CR)has exhibited anti-hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)activity.However,the underlying molecular mechanism is still unclear.In the present study,network pharmacology was utilized to reveal the mechanism of the effects of CR in HCC.The analysis of the network results showed that the active components of CR,including curcumin,naringenin,sitosterol,demethoxycurcumin,andβ-elemene,were closely related to the screened hub-targets,such as AKT1,TP53,MAPK8,MAPK1,JUN,STAT3,VEGFA,MAPK3,IL6,TNF,CCND1,EP300,EGFR,and ESR1.GO and KEGG analyses revealed that these targets were associated with pathways in cancer,proteoglycans in cancer,PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications,MAPK signaling pathway,hepatitis B,hepatitis C,and other biological processes.The candidate active components of CR(curcumin and naringenin)prominently exhibited their antitumor effects by regulating PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,MAPK signaling pathway,hepatitis B and hepatitis C.This study successfully predicted,explained,and confirmed the multi-component,multi-target,and multi-channel characteristics of CR,which not only gave novel insights into the pharmacological and biological molecular mechanism of CR applying to HCC disease,but also provided a feasible method for discovering potential activated compounds from Chinese herbs.展开更多
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the network pharmacology of curcumae radix(CR, Yujin) and explore the mechanism of CR in the treatment of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury(CIRI). Materials and Methods: N...Objective: This study aimed to investigate the network pharmacology of curcumae radix(CR, Yujin) and explore the mechanism of CR in the treatment of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury(CIRI). Materials and Methods: Network analysis and pharmacological evaluation were performed to explore the protective role of CR to treat CIRI. The potential target genes of the active components and CIRI were identified using SwissTarget Prediction, Bioinformatics Analysis Tool for Molecular mechANism of Traditional Chinese Medicine, GeneCards, and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man. Furthermore, network analysis was performed using Cytoscape software.Gene ontology analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis were performed using the R software. In vivo experiments were performed using the water extract of CR(WECR) on PC12 cells induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation(H/R) to simulate ischemia/reperfusion injury. Results: The results exhibited that 21 active compounds identified in CR were associated with 73 targets of CIRI. Functional analysis showed that multiple pathways, including response to stress, regulation of apoptotic process, and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 signaling pathway, were significantly enriched. In addition, STAT3, IL4, HIFIA, and CTNNB1 were predicted to be the most important genes among the 36 hub genes. Furthermore, WECR treatment significantly improved PC12 cell injury and decreased apoptosis levels in cells induced by H/R, with malondialdehyde contents reduced and superoxide dismutase or glutathione peroxidase levels increased. Conclusions: Network analysis and pharmacological evaluation of CR could provide valuable directions for further research on CR and improve comprehension of CIRI.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To study the anti-tumor effects of the extracts from Huangqi(Radix Astragali Mongolici)and Ezhu(Rhizoma Curcumae Phaeocaulis) on the growth of Lewis lung carcinoma(LLC) in a xenograft mouse model and to inv...OBJECTIVE: To study the anti-tumor effects of the extracts from Huangqi(Radix Astragali Mongolici)and Ezhu(Rhizoma Curcumae Phaeocaulis) on the growth of Lewis lung carcinoma(LLC) in a xenograft mouse model and to investigate the possible underlying mechanism.METHODS: LLC tumor-bearing C57 BL/6 mice were treated with normal saline, cisplatin(2 mg/kg intraperitoneally every other day), or Huangqi(Radix Astragali Mongolici) and Ezhu(Rhizoma Curcumae Phaeocaulis)(1∶1, 2∶1, or 3∶1 ratio;5, 8, or 11 g/kg crude drug intragastrically every day) for 15 d.Body weights and tumor volumes were measured every other day. Tumors were excised on day 15 and analyzed. Tumor microvessel density(MVD)was assessed by immunohistochemical staining of CD34;and expression of vascular endothelial cell growth factor(VEGF), the mitogen-activated protein kinases p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2(ERK1/2), and Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK)and their phosphorylated forms were assessed by Western blotting.RESULTS: Treatment with cisplatin caused a significant loss of body weight compared with controls,whereas Huangqi(Radix Astragali Mongolici) and Ezhu(Rhizoma Curcumae Phaeocaulis) extract combinations had no effect. Extracts from Huangqi(Radix Astragali Mongolici) and Ezhu(Rhizoma Curcumae Phaeocaulis) significantly decreased tumor weight and tumor MVD compared with controls,and at the 3∶1 treatment group had similar efficacy to cisplatin in reducing MVD. Tumors from Huangqi(Radix Astragali Mongolici) and Ezhu(Rhizoma Curcumae Phaeocaulis) treatments also showed decreased p38 MAPK, p-p38 MAPK, ERK1/2, p-ERK1/2,JNK, and p-JNK expression compared with the control group(all P < 0.01). VEGF protein expression was significantly reduced in the 2∶1 and 3∶1 treatment groups compared with the control group(P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: Extracts from Huangqi(Radix Astragali Mongolici) and Ezhu(Rhizoma Curcumae Phaeocaulis) hindered LLC growth in the xenograft mouse model, possibly via inhibition of the MAPK signaling pathway, VEGF production, and tumor angiogenesis.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no.30873196)the Project of Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanghai (no.09dZ1975100)
文摘A comparison of the volatile compounds in Rhizomes Curcumae （Ezhu） and Radix Curcumae （Yujin） was undertaken using gas chromatography mass spectrometi-y （GC-MS）. Ultrasonic extraction and GC-MS methods were developed for the simultaneous determination of five sesquiterpenes, namely, α-pinene, β-elemene, curcumol, germacrone and curdione, in Ezhu and Yunjin. Good linearity （r〉0.999） and high inter-day precision were observed over the investigated concentration ranges. The validated method was successfully used for the simultaneous determination of five sesquiterpenes in Ezhu and Yujin. The quantitative method can be effectively used to evaluate and monitor the quality of Chinese curcuma in clinical use.
基金Supported by The Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China,No.LY12H29002by grants of Scientific Research from Chinese Herbal Drug Administration,No.2011ZB032
文摘AIM:To study effect of diterpenoid C extracted from radix curcumae on Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)-infected inflammation,intestinal metaplasia,and nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB)signaling pathway in vitro.METHODS:We used I-type H.pylori to infect human gastric epithelial gastric epithelium cell line(GES-1)cell lines,and then H.pylori-infected GES-1 cells were treated with radix curcumae(RC)-derived diterpenoid C of different concentrations(5,10,20μg/mL)and amoxicillin.The expression of p65,IκB kinase(IKK)αand IKKγproteins was detected with Western blotting,and the expression of interleukin(IL)-8,IL-6 and IL-4 was determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method.Data were analyzed using SPSS software ver18.0.For comparisons between groups of more than two unpaired values,one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)was used.If an ANOVA F value was significant,post hoc comparisons were performed between groups.If results were not normally distributed,the Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare two groups of unpaired values,whereas for comparisons between groups of more than two unpaired values,the Kruskal-Wallis H test was used.Statistical significance was established at P<0.05.RESULTS:The MTT assay results revealed the inhibited rate of GES-1,and indicated that the IC5 of RCderived diterpenoid C and amoxicillin all were 5μg/mL for gastric GES-1 cells.The expression of IL-8 was significantly increased,especially at 12 h time point;and the expression of IL-4 was decreased in H.pyloriinfected GES-1 cells.After H.pylori-infected GES-1 cells were treated with RC-derived diterpenoid C of different concentrations and amoxicillin,the expression of IL-8was decreased at 12,24,48,72 h points(P<0.01),especially in high-concentration diterpenoid C(20μg/mL)group;and the expression of IL-4 was increased,especially in moderate and high-concentration diterpenoid C(10 and 20μg/mL)groups.RC-derived diterpenoid C had the inhibitory effects on H.pylori-induced p65 translocation from cytoplasm into cell nucleus,H.pylori-stimulant IkBαdegradation,the phosphorylation of p65 and IkBα,and the expression of IKKαand IKKβproteins.CONCLUSION:RC-derived diterpenoid C can block NF-κB signal pathway,effectively reducing the secretion of H.pylori-induced proinflammatory cytokine and increasing the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokine.
文摘To study the effect of chinese herbal medicine preventing gallstone formation, morphology of livers and gallbladders as well as conjugated bile acids of the bile. 58 female guinea pigs were randomly divided into three groups. The control group was fed on normal diet; the lithogenous groups was high cholesterol diet (HCD) and the antilithic group was high cholesterol and the chinese herbal medicine capsule (13 5 g/kg). 8 weeks later the guinea pigs were killed. Liver and gallbladder were removed for light and electroscope observation. Gallbladder bile were withdrawn and gallbladder were collected. The minute construction of gallstones were observed by scanning electron microscope and gallstone components were quantified by Fourier Transform Infrand Spectros Copy (FT IR). The morphology of liver and gallbladder were observed by light microscope and transmission electron microscope. Conjugated bile acid of biles were determined by Thin layer Chromatograph. The effect of chinese herbal medicine preventing gallstone formation, morphololgy of livers and gallbladders as well as conjugated bile acids of the bile were also observed. We measured conjugated bile acids in all groups and found that decreased in lithogenic group and increased notably in antilithic group (P<0 01) . The gallstone formation rate was 100% when the animals were fed on HCD in lithogenic group. The rate decreased to 5 3% when the animals were fed on HCD and Chinese herbal medicine capsule inantilithic group. It indicates that changes in diet is an important factor in the process of gallstone formation and the chinese herbal medicine can prevent gallstone formation effectively.
文摘As a traditional Chinese medicine,Curcumae Radix(CR)has exhibited anti-hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)activity.However,the underlying molecular mechanism is still unclear.In the present study,network pharmacology was utilized to reveal the mechanism of the effects of CR in HCC.The analysis of the network results showed that the active components of CR,including curcumin,naringenin,sitosterol,demethoxycurcumin,andβ-elemene,were closely related to the screened hub-targets,such as AKT1,TP53,MAPK8,MAPK1,JUN,STAT3,VEGFA,MAPK3,IL6,TNF,CCND1,EP300,EGFR,and ESR1.GO and KEGG analyses revealed that these targets were associated with pathways in cancer,proteoglycans in cancer,PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications,MAPK signaling pathway,hepatitis B,hepatitis C,and other biological processes.The candidate active components of CR(curcumin and naringenin)prominently exhibited their antitumor effects by regulating PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,MAPK signaling pathway,hepatitis B and hepatitis C.This study successfully predicted,explained,and confirmed the multi-component,multi-target,and multi-channel characteristics of CR,which not only gave novel insights into the pharmacological and biological molecular mechanism of CR applying to HCC disease,but also provided a feasible method for discovering potential activated compounds from Chinese herbs.
基金the funding support from national major science and technology project for Significant New Drugs Creation"(2017ZX09309026)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.81874464)+1 种基金Hunan postgraduate innovation project(CX20190566)postgraduate innovation project of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine(2018CX70).
文摘Objective: This study aimed to investigate the network pharmacology of curcumae radix(CR, Yujin) and explore the mechanism of CR in the treatment of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury(CIRI). Materials and Methods: Network analysis and pharmacological evaluation were performed to explore the protective role of CR to treat CIRI. The potential target genes of the active components and CIRI were identified using SwissTarget Prediction, Bioinformatics Analysis Tool for Molecular mechANism of Traditional Chinese Medicine, GeneCards, and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man. Furthermore, network analysis was performed using Cytoscape software.Gene ontology analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis were performed using the R software. In vivo experiments were performed using the water extract of CR(WECR) on PC12 cells induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation(H/R) to simulate ischemia/reperfusion injury. Results: The results exhibited that 21 active compounds identified in CR were associated with 73 targets of CIRI. Functional analysis showed that multiple pathways, including response to stress, regulation of apoptotic process, and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 signaling pathway, were significantly enriched. In addition, STAT3, IL4, HIFIA, and CTNNB1 were predicted to be the most important genes among the 36 hub genes. Furthermore, WECR treatment significantly improved PC12 cell injury and decreased apoptosis levels in cells induced by H/R, with malondialdehyde contents reduced and superoxide dismutase or glutathione peroxidase levels increased. Conclusions: Network analysis and pharmacological evaluation of CR could provide valuable directions for further research on CR and improve comprehension of CIRI.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81673810)
文摘OBJECTIVE: To study the anti-tumor effects of the extracts from Huangqi(Radix Astragali Mongolici)and Ezhu(Rhizoma Curcumae Phaeocaulis) on the growth of Lewis lung carcinoma(LLC) in a xenograft mouse model and to investigate the possible underlying mechanism.METHODS: LLC tumor-bearing C57 BL/6 mice were treated with normal saline, cisplatin(2 mg/kg intraperitoneally every other day), or Huangqi(Radix Astragali Mongolici) and Ezhu(Rhizoma Curcumae Phaeocaulis)(1∶1, 2∶1, or 3∶1 ratio;5, 8, or 11 g/kg crude drug intragastrically every day) for 15 d.Body weights and tumor volumes were measured every other day. Tumors were excised on day 15 and analyzed. Tumor microvessel density(MVD)was assessed by immunohistochemical staining of CD34;and expression of vascular endothelial cell growth factor(VEGF), the mitogen-activated protein kinases p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2(ERK1/2), and Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK)and their phosphorylated forms were assessed by Western blotting.RESULTS: Treatment with cisplatin caused a significant loss of body weight compared with controls,whereas Huangqi(Radix Astragali Mongolici) and Ezhu(Rhizoma Curcumae Phaeocaulis) extract combinations had no effect. Extracts from Huangqi(Radix Astragali Mongolici) and Ezhu(Rhizoma Curcumae Phaeocaulis) significantly decreased tumor weight and tumor MVD compared with controls,and at the 3∶1 treatment group had similar efficacy to cisplatin in reducing MVD. Tumors from Huangqi(Radix Astragali Mongolici) and Ezhu(Rhizoma Curcumae Phaeocaulis) treatments also showed decreased p38 MAPK, p-p38 MAPK, ERK1/2, p-ERK1/2,JNK, and p-JNK expression compared with the control group(all P < 0.01). VEGF protein expression was significantly reduced in the 2∶1 and 3∶1 treatment groups compared with the control group(P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: Extracts from Huangqi(Radix Astragali Mongolici) and Ezhu(Rhizoma Curcumae Phaeocaulis) hindered LLC growth in the xenograft mouse model, possibly via inhibition of the MAPK signaling pathway, VEGF production, and tumor angiogenesis.
