This paper investigates the hydrodynamic characteristics of floating truncated cylinders undergoing horizontal and vertical motions due to earthquake excitations in the finite water depth.The governing equation of the...This paper investigates the hydrodynamic characteristics of floating truncated cylinders undergoing horizontal and vertical motions due to earthquake excitations in the finite water depth.The governing equation of the hydrodynamic pressure acting on the cylinder is derived based on the radiation theory with the inviscid and incompressible assumptions.The governing equation is solved by using the method of separating variables and analytical solutions are obtained by assigning reasonable boundary conditions.The analytical result is validated by a numerical model using the exact artificial boundary simulation of the infinite water.The main variation and distribution characteristics of the hydrodynamic pressure acting on the side and bottom of the cylinder are analyzed for different combinations of wide-height and immersion ratios.The added mass coefficient of the cylinder is calculated by integrating the hydrodynamic pressure and simplified formulas are proposed for engineering applications.The calculation results show that the simplified formulas are in good agreement with the analytical solutions.展开更多
Implementing machine learning algorithms in the non-conducive environment of the vehicular network requires some adaptations due to the high computational complexity of these algorithms.K-clustering algorithms are sim...Implementing machine learning algorithms in the non-conducive environment of the vehicular network requires some adaptations due to the high computational complexity of these algorithms.K-clustering algorithms are simplistic,with fast performance and relative accuracy.However,their implementation depends on the initial selection of clusters number(K),the initial clusters’centers,and the clustering metric.This paper investigated using Scott’s histogram formula to estimate the K number and the Link Expiration Time(LET)as a clustering metric.Realistic traffic flows were considered for three maps,namely Highway,Traffic Light junction,and Roundabout junction,to study the effect of road layout on estimating the K number.A fast version of the PAM algorithm was used for clustering with a modification to reduce time complexity.The Affinity propagation algorithm sets the baseline for the estimated K number,and the Medoid Silhouette method is used to quantify the clustering.OMNET++,Veins,and SUMO were used to simulate the traffic,while the related algorithms were implemented in Python.The Scott’s formula estimation of the K number only matched the baseline when the road layout was simple.Moreover,the clustering algorithm required one iteration on average to converge when used with LET.展开更多
Objective Diabetic cardiomyopathy(DCM)represents a substantial risk factor for heart failure and increased mortality in individuals afflicted with diabetes mellitus(DM).DCM typically manifests as myocardial fibrosis,m...Objective Diabetic cardiomyopathy(DCM)represents a substantial risk factor for heart failure and increased mortality in individuals afflicted with diabetes mellitus(DM).DCM typically manifests as myocardial fibrosis,myocardial hypertrophy,and impaired left ventricular diastolic function.While the clinical utility of the Jianpi Qinghua(JPQH)formula has been established in treating diabetes and insulin resistance,its potential efficacy in alleviating diabetic cardiomyopathy remains uncertain.This study aims to investigate the impact and underlying molecular mechanisms of the JPQH formula(JPQHF)in ameliorating myocardial injury in nonobese diabetic rats,specifically focusing on apoptosis and inflammation.Methods Wistar rats were assigned as the normal control group(CON),while Goto-Kakizaki(GK)rats were randomly divided into three groups:DM,DM treated with the JPQHF,and DM treated with metformin(MET).Following a 4-week treatment regimen,various biochemical markers related to glucose metabolism,cardiac function,cardiac morphology,and myocardial ultrastructure in GK rats were assessed.RNA sequencing was utilized to analyze differential gene expression and identify potential therapeutic targets.In vitro experiments involved high glucose to induce apoptosis and inflammation in H9c2 cells.Cell viability was evaluated using CCK-8 assay,apoptosis was monitored via flow cytometry,and the production of inflammatory cytokines was measured using quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR)and ELISA.Protein expression levels were determined by Western blotting analysis.The investigation also incorporated the use of MAPK inhibitors to further elucidate the mechanism at both the transcriptional and protein levels.Results The JPQHF group exhibited significant reductions in interventricular septal thickness at end-systole(IVSs)and left ventricular internal diameter at end-systole and end-diastole(LVIDs and LVIDd).JPQHF effectively suppressed high glucose-induced activation of IL-1βand caspase 3 in cardiomyocytes.Furthermore,JPQHF downregulated the expression of myocardial JunB/c-Fos,which was upregulated in both diabetic rats and high glucose-treated H9c2 cells.Conclusion The JPQH formula holds promise in mitigating diabetic myocardial apoptosis and inflammation in cardiomyocytes by inhibiting JunB/c-Fos expression through suppressing the MAPK(p38 and ERK1/2)pathway.展开更多
Objective:To explore the mechanism of the Peiyuan Jieyu formula in treating depression by assessing its impact on a lipopolysaccharide-induced(LPS-induced)depression mouse model.Methods:We created a mouse model of dep...Objective:To explore the mechanism of the Peiyuan Jieyu formula in treating depression by assessing its impact on a lipopolysaccharide-induced(LPS-induced)depression mouse model.Methods:We created a mouse model of depression by exposing mice that had previously received chronic stress to intraperitoneal LPS injections.The mice were divided into the following groups:control,model,fluoxetine,Tiansi Yin,Sini powder,and low-,medium-,and high-dose Peiyuan Jieyu formula groups.Forced swim and tail suspension tests were used to assess the efficacy of the depression(despair)model,and weight gain rates were also measured.Furthermore,serum levels of various depression and inflammation-associated molecules,including tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-a),interferon-γ(IFN-γ),tryptophan,5-hydroxytryptamine,kynurenine(KYN),and kynurenic acid(KA)were assessed.Furthermore,the expression levels of ionic calcium-binding adaptor molecule-1(IBA-1)and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase(IDO)mRNA in hippocampal microglia were measured.Results:The model group displayed greater despair-associated immobility,which was shortened in response to various doses of Peiyuan Jieyu formula.Furthermore,formula administration significantly reduced serum TNF-a levels and hippocampal IDO mRNA expression.The high formula dose also reduced IFN-γand IBA-1 levels,the latter was also decreased in response to the medium formula dose.However,the low formula dose reduced serum KYN level and KYN/tryptophan(TRP)and KYN/KA ratios.Conclusion:The Peiyuan Jieyu formula holds immense potential in treating depression in a mouse model,potentially inhibiting inflammation and improving TRP-KYN metabolic disorders.展开更多
BACKGROUND Infants'nutrition significantly influences their growth,development,and overall well-being.With the increasing demand for organic infant formula driven by the perception of health benefits and growing a...BACKGROUND Infants'nutrition significantly influences their growth,development,and overall well-being.With the increasing demand for organic infant formula driven by the perception of health benefits and growing awareness of natural feeding options,it is crucial to conduct a comparative analysis of the gastrointestinal tolerability between organic and traditional infant formulas.AIM To provide a concise and precise analysis of the gastrointestinal tolerability of organic infant formula compared to traditional infant formula.Due to limited direct comparisons,the review synthesizes available literature on each formula type,presenting insights into their potential effects on infants'digestive health.METHODS An extensive literature search was conducted,compiling studies on organic and traditional infant formulas,their compositions,and reported effects on gastrointestinal tolerability.We searched academic databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar and specialized nutrition,paediatrics,and infant health journals using relevant keywords till October 1,2023.RESULTS Although specific comparative studies are scarce and formula heterogeneity is a significant limitation,this systematic review provides an in-depth understanding of organic infant formulas'composition and potential benefits.While scientific evidence directly comparing gastrointestinal tolerability is limited,organic formulas strive to use carefully selected organic ingredients to imitate breast milk composition.Potential benefits include improved lipid profiles,higher methionine content,and decreased antibiotic-resistant bacteria levels.Understanding the gastrointestinal tolerability of organic and traditional infant formulas is crucial for parents and healthcare providers to make informed decisions.CONCLUSION Despite limitations in direct comparisons,this systematic review provides insights into the composition and potential benefits of organic infant formulas.It emphasizes the need for further research to elucidate their gastrointestinal effects comprehensively.展开更多
Background:Sanhua decoction has significant effects in the treatment of stroke.The study of the Sanhua decoction material benchmark was carried out to analyze the value transfer relationship between the Chinese herbal...Background:Sanhua decoction has significant effects in the treatment of stroke.The study of the Sanhua decoction material benchmark was carried out to analyze the value transfer relationship between the Chinese herbal pieces and the substance benchmark.Methods:Network pharmacology was employed to investigate the potential active components and molecular mechanisms of Sanhua decoction in the treatment of stroke.15 batches of Sanhua decoction lyophilized powder were prepared using traditional formulas and subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography analysis to generate fingerprints of the Sanhua decoction substance benchmarks.Then,a multi-component quantitative analysis method was established,allowing for the simultaneous determination of ten components,to study the transfer of quantity values between pieces and substance benchmarks.Results:60 active ingredients were screened from Sanhua decoction by network pharmacology,of which gallic acid,magnolol honokiol,physcion,and aloe-emodin may have a greater effect than other active components.63 key targets and 134 pathways were predicted as the potential mechanism of Sanhua decoction in treating stroke.The fingerprint similarity of the Sanhua decoction substance benchmarks was found to be good among the 15 batches,confirming the 19 common peaks.The content of the 10 components was basically consistent.The components’transfer rates were within 30%of their respective means.Conclusions:This study provided a comprehensive and reliable strategy for the quality evaluation of Sanhua decoction substance benchmarks and held significant importance in improving its application value.展开更多
The tangential k-Cauchy-Fueter operator and k-CF functions are counterparts of the tangential Cauchy–Riemann operator and CR functions on the Heisenberg group in the theory of several complex variables,respectively.I...The tangential k-Cauchy-Fueter operator and k-CF functions are counterparts of the tangential Cauchy–Riemann operator and CR functions on the Heisenberg group in the theory of several complex variables,respectively.In this paper,we introduce a Lie group that the Heisenberg group can be imbedded into and call it generalized complex Heisenberg.We investigate quaternionic analysis on the generalized complex Heisenberg.We also give the Penrose integral formula for k-CF functions and construct the tangential k-Cauchy-Fueter complex.展开更多
[Objectives]To verify the specificity,sensitivity,precision and negative-positive deviation of the foodproof gluten component de-tection kit for the detection of gluten allergens in milk powder matrix,and to establish...[Objectives]To verify the specificity,sensitivity,precision and negative-positive deviation of the foodproof gluten component de-tection kit for the detection of gluten allergens in milk powder matrix,and to establish a real-time fluorescent PCR legal method for the detec-tion of gluten allergens in milk powder.[Methods]The specificity,sensitivity,precision and negative-positive deviation of the detection method of foodproof gluten component detection kit(PCR-probe method)were verified by artificially adding different concentrations of wheat bran and extracting sample DNA by kit method,and applied to sample detection.[Results] The specific detection results of two kinds of milk powder with wheat bran and buckwheat added showed that the foodproof gluten component detection kit(PCR-probe method)had good speci-ficity for wheat gluten.The results of artificially added wheat bran positive samples showed that the false positive rate and false negative rate of the kit in the milk powder matrix were O,and the sensitivity and precision were high.[Conclusions]The kit is simple to operate and has high accuracy,which is suitable for the detection of gluten allergen components in milk powder.展开更多
[Objectives]To investigate the acute toxicity and hepatoprotective effect of Jinchuan formula plum wine extract on mice,determine its safety range,and evaluate its hepatoprotective effect.[Methods]The median lethal do...[Objectives]To investigate the acute toxicity and hepatoprotective effect of Jinchuan formula plum wine extract on mice,determine its safety range,and evaluate its hepatoprotective effect.[Methods]The median lethal dose(LD_(50))was determined by acute toxicity test with the toxic reaction and mortality of mice as indexes.Sixty Kunming mice were randomly divided into 6 groups:normal control group,model group(ConA-induced liver injury model),Jinchuan formula plum wine high,medium and low dose groups(1.0,0.5,0.25 g/kg)and silybin group(0.1 g/kg).The levels of ALT,AST,LDH in serum and TG,VLDL in liver were measured.After HE staining,the pathological changes of liver tissue in mice were observed,and the liver protective effect of Jinchuan formula plum wine extract was analyzed and evaluated.[Results]LD_(50)was 11.18 g/kg,and the 95%confidence limit of LD_(50)was 10.31-12.05 g/kg.The high-dose group of Jinchuan formula plum wine extract could significantly reduce the serum ALT and AST activities of ConA-induced liver injury mice(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Jinchuan formula plum wine extract is relatively safe,and also has a protective effect on liver injury.展开更多
We compare Newton’s force law of universal gravitation with a corrected simple approach based on Bhandari’s recently presented work, where the gravitation constant G is maintained. A reciprocity relation exists betw...We compare Newton’s force law of universal gravitation with a corrected simple approach based on Bhandari’s recently presented work, where the gravitation constant G is maintained. A reciprocity relation exists between both alternative gravity formulas with respect to the distances between mass centers. We conclude a one-to-one mapping of the two gravitational formulas. We don’t need Einstein’s construct of spacetime bending by matter.展开更多
Background:To explore the effective chemical constituents of Feiduqing formula for prevention and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Methods:The compounds and action targets of twelve herbal medicines in ...Background:To explore the effective chemical constituents of Feiduqing formula for prevention and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Methods:The compounds and action targets of twelve herbal medicines in Feiduqing formula were collected via Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analytic Platform.The genes corresponding to the targets were queried through the UniProt database.The“herbal medicine-ingredient-target”network was established by Cytoscape software.The Gene Ontology function enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis were performed by Database for Annotation,Visualization and Integrated Discovery.Molecular docking was used to analyze the binding force of core active compounds of Feiduqing formula with PTGS2,HSP90AA1,SARS-CoV-23CL hydrolase and angiotensin converting enzyme II(ACE2).Results:The“herbal medicine-ingredient-target”network included 434 nodes and 1948 edges,including 222 components such as quercetin,kaempferol,luteolin,etc.The key targets are PTGS2,HSP90AA1,PTGS1,ESR1,AR,NOS2,etc.Gene Ontology function enrichment analysis revealed 2530 items,including RNA polymerase II-specific,response to oxidative stress,transcription factor activity,etc.Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment screened 169 signal pathways,including Human cytomegalovirus infection,Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection,Hepatitis B,Hepatitis C,IL-17,TNF,etc.The results of molecular docking showed that quercetin,luteolin,β-sitosterol,stigmasterol and other core active compounds have a certain degree of affinity with PTGS2,HSP90AA1,SARS-CoV-23CL hydrolase and ACE2.Conclusion:The active compounds of Feiduqing formula may have a therapeutic effect on COVID-19 pneumonia through the action on PTGS2,HSP90AA1,SARS-CoV-23CL hydrolase and ACE2,and regulating many signaling pathways.展开更多
Xuanfeibaidu Formula (XFBD) is a Chinese medicine used in the clinical treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Although XFBD has exhibited significant therapeutic efficacy in clinical practice, its ...Xuanfeibaidu Formula (XFBD) is a Chinese medicine used in the clinical treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Although XFBD has exhibited significant therapeutic efficacy in clinical practice, its underlying pharmacological mechanism remains unclear. Here, we combine a comprehensive research approach that includes network pharmacology, transcriptomics, and bioassays in multiple model systems to investigate the pharmacological mechanism of XFBD and its bioactive substances. High-resolution mass spectrometry was combined with molecular networking to profile the major active substances in XFBD. A total of 104 compounds were identified or tentatively characterized, including flavonoids, terpenes, carboxylic acids, and other types of constituents. Based on the chemical composition of XFBD, a network pharmacology-based analysis identified inflammation-related pathways as primary targets. Thus, we examined the anti-inflammation activity of XFBD in a lipopolysaccharide-induced acute inflammation mice model. XFBD significantly alleviated pulmonary inflammation and decreased the level of serum proinflammatory cytokines. Transcriptomic profiling suggested that genes related to macrophage function were differently expressed after XFBD treatment. Consequently, the effects of XFBD on macrophage activation and mobilization were investigated in a macrophage cell line and a zebrafish wounding model. XFBD exerts strong inhibitory effects on both macrophage activation and migration. Moreover, through multimodal screening, we further identified the major components and compounds from the different herbs of XFBD that mediate its anti-inflammation function. Active components from XFBD, including Polygoni cuspidati Rhizoma, Phragmitis Rhizoma, and Citri grandis Exocarpium rubrum, were then found to strongly downregulate macrophage activation, and polydatin, isoliquiritin, and acteoside were identified as active compounds. Components of Artemisiae annuae Herba and Ephedrae Herba were found to substantially inhibit endogenous macrophage migration, while the presence of ephedrine, atractylenolide I, and kaempferol was attributed to these effects. In summary, our study explores the pharmacological mechanism and effective components of XFBD in inflammation regulation via multimodal approaches, and thereby provides a biological illustration of the clinical efficacy of XFBD.展开更多
Chinese guideline has proven effective in the fight against coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)during the global spread of the epidemic.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is widely recognized for its effectiveness in all...Chinese guideline has proven effective in the fight against coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)during the global spread of the epidemic.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is widely recognized for its effectiveness in alleviating symptoms,inhibiting disease progress,reducing mortality,and improving the cure rate of patients with COVID-19.During the pandemic,“three medicines and three formulas”(TMTFs)stood out from hundreds of others in registered clinical studies,which became highly recommended as TCM for COVID-19 treatment.The TMTFs not only effectively relieve the clinical symptoms of fever,cough,fatigue,and phlegm,but also substantially shorten the time of nucleic acid negative conversion,improve lung computed tomography imaging features and inflammation,ameliorate clinical biochemical indicators,and reduce sequelae.Their potential pharmacological mechanisms are mainly related to the crosstalk between viral toxicity,endothelial damage,cytokine storm,immune response,and microthrombus.In brief,the clinical effects and the potential mechanisms of TMTFs on COVID-19 were systematically analyzed and summarized covering the entirety of disease development,including virus invasion and replication,immune response and cytokine storm,and acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.This review provides a theoretical basis and reference for the in-depth understanding of the positive role of TMTFs in COVID-19 treatment.展开更多
Auto-grading,as an instruction tool,could reduce teachers’workload,provide students with instant feedback and support highly personalized learning.Therefore,this topic attracts considerable attentions from researcher...Auto-grading,as an instruction tool,could reduce teachers’workload,provide students with instant feedback and support highly personalized learning.Therefore,this topic attracts considerable attentions from researchers recently.To realize the automatic grading of handwritten chemistry assignments,the problem of chemical notations recognition should be solved first.The recent handwritten chemical notations recognition solutions belonging to the end-to-end trainable category suffered fromthe problem of lacking the accurate alignment information between the input and output.They serve the aim of reading notations into electrical devices to better prepare relevant edocuments instead of auto-grading handwritten assignments.To tackle this limitation to enable the auto-grading of handwritten chemistry assignments at a fine-grained level.In this work,we propose a component-detectionbased approach for recognizing off-line handwritten Organic Cyclic Compound Structure Formulas(OCCSFs).Specifically,we define different components of OCCSFs as objects(including graphical objects and text objects),and adopt the deep learning detector to detect them.Then,regarding the detected text objects,we introduce an improved attention-based encoder-decoder model for text recognition.Finally,with these detection results and the geometric relationships of detected objects,this article designs a holistic algorithm for interpreting the spatial structure of handwritten OCCSFs.The proposedmethod is evaluated on a self-collected data set consisting of 3000 samples and achieves promising results.展开更多
We gave the localized solutions,the interaction solutions and the mixed solutions to a reduced(3+1)-dimensional nonlinear evolution equation.These solutions were characterized by superposition formulas of positive qua...We gave the localized solutions,the interaction solutions and the mixed solutions to a reduced(3+1)-dimensional nonlinear evolution equation.These solutions were characterized by superposition formulas of positive quadratic functions,the exponential and hyperbolic functions.According to the known lump solution in the outset,we obtained the superposition formulas of positive quadratic functions by plausible reasoning.Next,we constructed the interaction solutions between the localized solutions and the exponential function solutions with the similar theory.These two kinds of solutions contained superposition formulas of positive quadratic functions,which were turned into general ternary quadratic functions,the coefficients of which were all rational operation of vector inner product.Then we obtained linear superposition formulas of exponential and hyperbolic function solutions.Finally,for aforementioned various solutions,their dynamic properties were showed by choosing specific values for parameters.From concrete plots,we observed wave characteristics of three kinds of solutions.Especially,we could observe distinct generation and separation situations when the localized wave and the stripe wave interacted at different time points.展开更多
Background:Lactic acid bacteria(LAB)participating in milk fermentation naturally release and enrich the fermented dairy product with a broad range of bioactive metabolites,which has numerous roles in the intestinal he...Background:Lactic acid bacteria(LAB)participating in milk fermentation naturally release and enrich the fermented dairy product with a broad range of bioactive metabolites,which has numerous roles in the intestinal health-promot-ing of the consumer.However,information is lacking regarding the application prospect of LAB fermented milk in the animal industry.This study investigated the effects of lactic acid bacteria-fermented formula milk(LFM)on the growth performance,intestinal immunity,microbiota composition,and transcriptomic responses in weaned piglets.A total of 24 male weaned piglets were randomly divided into the control(CON)and LFM groups.Each group consisted of 6 replicates(cages)with 2 piglets per cage.Each piglet in the LFM group were supplemented with 80 mL LFM three times a day,while the CON group was treated with the same amount of drinking water.Results:LFM significantly increased the average daily gain of piglets over the entire 14 d(P<0.01)and the average daily feed intake from 7 to 14 d(P<0.05).Compared to the CON group,ileal goblet cell count,villus-crypt ratio,sIgA,and lactate concentrations in the LFM group were significantly increased(P<0.05).Transcriptomic analysis of ileal mucosa identified 487 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)between two groups.Especially,DEGs involved in the intestinal immune network for IgA production pathways,such as polymeric immunoglobulin receptor(PIGR),were significantly up-regulated(P<0.01)by LFM supplementation.Moreover,trefoil factor 2(TFF2)in the LFM group,one of the DEGs involved in the secretory function of goblet cells,was also significantly up-regulated(P<0.01).Sequenc-ing of the 16S rRNA gene of microbiota demonstrated that LFM led to selective enrichment of lactate-producing and short-chain fatty acid(SCFA)-producing bacteria in the ileum,such as an increase in the relative abundance of Entero-coccus(P=0.09)and Acetitomaculum(P<0.05).Conclusions:LFM can improve intestinal health and immune tolerance,thus enhancing the growth performance of weaned piglets.The changes in microbiota and metabolites induced by LFM might mediate the regulation of the secretory function of goblet cells.展开更多
In the literature, the Bailey transform has many applications in basic hypergeometric series. In this paper, we derive many new transformation formulas for q-series by means of the Bailey transform. Meanwhile, We also...In the literature, the Bailey transform has many applications in basic hypergeometric series. In this paper, we derive many new transformation formulas for q-series by means of the Bailey transform. Meanwhile, We also obtain some new terminated identities. Furthermore, we establish a companion identity to the Rogers-Ramanujan identity labelled by number (23) on Slater’s list.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Yishen-Huoxue Formula in the treatment of refractory nephrotic syndrome(RNS)using evidence-based medicine.Methods:Databases CNKI,WanFang,VIP,CBM,PubMed,EMbase,and Cochr...Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Yishen-Huoxue Formula in the treatment of refractory nephrotic syndrome(RNS)using evidence-based medicine.Methods:Databases CNKI,WanFang,VIP,CBM,PubMed,EMbase,and Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)on the treatment of RNS with the Yishen-Huoxue Formula from June 2008 to July 2020.The quality of the literature was evaluated by the Cochrane.Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3 software.Results:A total of 18 articles and 1432 patients were included in this study.The results showed compared to the control group,Yishen-Huoxue Formula was much better in improving total effectiverate[OR=4.15,(95%CI:3.03,5.68),P<0.05],plasma albumin[MD=5.08,(95%CI:3.42,6.74),P<0.05]and decreasing 24-h urine protein quantitation[MD=-0.99,(95%CI:-1.30,-0,69),P<0.05],recurrence rate[OR=0.21,95%CI(0.11,0.40),P<0.05],and adverse reaction rate[OR=0.33,95%CI(0.21,0.52),P<0.05].However,the improvement of complete remission rate was affected by the course of treatment.The effects were similar in less than or equal to nine weeks[OR=1.52,(95%CI:0.74,3.13),P=0.25],whereas the experimental group was superior to the control group in 12-24 weeks[OR=2.47,(95%CI:1.63,3.74),P<0.05]and more than or equal to 26 weeks[OR=2.04,(95%CI:1.43,2.91),P<0.05].Conclusion:The efficacy and safety of Yishen-Huoxue Formula for refractory nephrotic syndrome is better than that of the Western medicine group,but the exact efficacy still needs to be confirmed by prospective studies of higher quality.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the protective effect of Yiqi Qingre Xiaozheng formula(YQQRXZF)via the regulation of autophagy in diabetic nephropathy(DN)mice induced by injection of streptozotocin(STZ)after high fat diet(HFD)....Objective:To evaluate the protective effect of Yiqi Qingre Xiaozheng formula(YQQRXZF)via the regulation of autophagy in diabetic nephropathy(DN)mice induced by injection of streptozotocin(STZ)after high fat diet(HFD).Methods:The composition of YQQRXZF was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatographyelectrospray ionization/mass spectrometry(HPLC-ESI/MSn).The DN model was induced by intraperitoneally injection of 50 mg/kg STZ within 5 days,followed by HFD feeding for 8 weeks in C57BL/6J mice.Mice were randomly separated into DN group,YQQRXZF group,irbesartan group,and control group.Blood glucose was calculated,and body weight was measured every 2 weeks.An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio(uACR)before and after treatment,and the serum concentrations of total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein(LDL),triglycerides(TG),high-density lipoprotein(HDL),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),and serum creatinine(Scr)were measured.In addition,hematoxylin-eosin(H&E)staining,periodic acid-Schiff(PAS)staining,Masson's trichrome staining,and transmission electron microscopy(TEM)were used to observe pathological changes in renal tissue.Autophagy levels were determined by immunofluorescence staining.Results:In this study,21 dominant chemical constituents were identified in YQQRXZF.The treatment group reduced u ACR in a more significant way than the DN group(P=.018).The treatment group reduced TC,TG,and LDL concentrations after YQQRXFF treatment(P=.021,P=.014 and P=.026,respectively).H&E,PAS,and Masson staining showed that pathological damage to mice kidneys improved,the volume of renal glomeruli was reduced,and glomerular sclerosis and fibrosis were reduced.Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that expressions of LC3-Ⅱprotein increased in the treatment group(P=.013).In contrast,the protein expressions of P62 were reduced after treatment(P=.025).展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52078010 and 52101321)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFC3004300).
文摘This paper investigates the hydrodynamic characteristics of floating truncated cylinders undergoing horizontal and vertical motions due to earthquake excitations in the finite water depth.The governing equation of the hydrodynamic pressure acting on the cylinder is derived based on the radiation theory with the inviscid and incompressible assumptions.The governing equation is solved by using the method of separating variables and analytical solutions are obtained by assigning reasonable boundary conditions.The analytical result is validated by a numerical model using the exact artificial boundary simulation of the infinite water.The main variation and distribution characteristics of the hydrodynamic pressure acting on the side and bottom of the cylinder are analyzed for different combinations of wide-height and immersion ratios.The added mass coefficient of the cylinder is calculated by integrating the hydrodynamic pressure and simplified formulas are proposed for engineering applications.The calculation results show that the simplified formulas are in good agreement with the analytical solutions.
文摘Implementing machine learning algorithms in the non-conducive environment of the vehicular network requires some adaptations due to the high computational complexity of these algorithms.K-clustering algorithms are simplistic,with fast performance and relative accuracy.However,their implementation depends on the initial selection of clusters number(K),the initial clusters’centers,and the clustering metric.This paper investigated using Scott’s histogram formula to estimate the K number and the Link Expiration Time(LET)as a clustering metric.Realistic traffic flows were considered for three maps,namely Highway,Traffic Light junction,and Roundabout junction,to study the effect of road layout on estimating the K number.A fast version of the PAM algorithm was used for clustering with a modification to reduce time complexity.The Affinity propagation algorithm sets the baseline for the estimated K number,and the Medoid Silhouette method is used to quantify the clustering.OMNET++,Veins,and SUMO were used to simulate the traffic,while the related algorithms were implemented in Python.The Scott’s formula estimation of the K number only matched the baseline when the road layout was simple.Moreover,the clustering algorithm required one iteration on average to converge when used with LET.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81874434 and No.81804053)Yangtze River Delta Traditional Chinese Medicine Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease Specialist Alliance(No.ZY2021-2023-0302).
文摘Objective Diabetic cardiomyopathy(DCM)represents a substantial risk factor for heart failure and increased mortality in individuals afflicted with diabetes mellitus(DM).DCM typically manifests as myocardial fibrosis,myocardial hypertrophy,and impaired left ventricular diastolic function.While the clinical utility of the Jianpi Qinghua(JPQH)formula has been established in treating diabetes and insulin resistance,its potential efficacy in alleviating diabetic cardiomyopathy remains uncertain.This study aims to investigate the impact and underlying molecular mechanisms of the JPQH formula(JPQHF)in ameliorating myocardial injury in nonobese diabetic rats,specifically focusing on apoptosis and inflammation.Methods Wistar rats were assigned as the normal control group(CON),while Goto-Kakizaki(GK)rats were randomly divided into three groups:DM,DM treated with the JPQHF,and DM treated with metformin(MET).Following a 4-week treatment regimen,various biochemical markers related to glucose metabolism,cardiac function,cardiac morphology,and myocardial ultrastructure in GK rats were assessed.RNA sequencing was utilized to analyze differential gene expression and identify potential therapeutic targets.In vitro experiments involved high glucose to induce apoptosis and inflammation in H9c2 cells.Cell viability was evaluated using CCK-8 assay,apoptosis was monitored via flow cytometry,and the production of inflammatory cytokines was measured using quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR)and ELISA.Protein expression levels were determined by Western blotting analysis.The investigation also incorporated the use of MAPK inhibitors to further elucidate the mechanism at both the transcriptional and protein levels.Results The JPQHF group exhibited significant reductions in interventricular septal thickness at end-systole(IVSs)and left ventricular internal diameter at end-systole and end-diastole(LVIDs and LVIDd).JPQHF effectively suppressed high glucose-induced activation of IL-1βand caspase 3 in cardiomyocytes.Furthermore,JPQHF downregulated the expression of myocardial JunB/c-Fos,which was upregulated in both diabetic rats and high glucose-treated H9c2 cells.Conclusion The JPQH formula holds promise in mitigating diabetic myocardial apoptosis and inflammation in cardiomyocytes by inhibiting JunB/c-Fos expression through suppressing the MAPK(p38 and ERK1/2)pathway.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81373584)。
文摘Objective:To explore the mechanism of the Peiyuan Jieyu formula in treating depression by assessing its impact on a lipopolysaccharide-induced(LPS-induced)depression mouse model.Methods:We created a mouse model of depression by exposing mice that had previously received chronic stress to intraperitoneal LPS injections.The mice were divided into the following groups:control,model,fluoxetine,Tiansi Yin,Sini powder,and low-,medium-,and high-dose Peiyuan Jieyu formula groups.Forced swim and tail suspension tests were used to assess the efficacy of the depression(despair)model,and weight gain rates were also measured.Furthermore,serum levels of various depression and inflammation-associated molecules,including tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-a),interferon-γ(IFN-γ),tryptophan,5-hydroxytryptamine,kynurenine(KYN),and kynurenic acid(KA)were assessed.Furthermore,the expression levels of ionic calcium-binding adaptor molecule-1(IBA-1)and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase(IDO)mRNA in hippocampal microglia were measured.Results:The model group displayed greater despair-associated immobility,which was shortened in response to various doses of Peiyuan Jieyu formula.Furthermore,formula administration significantly reduced serum TNF-a levels and hippocampal IDO mRNA expression.The high formula dose also reduced IFN-γand IBA-1 levels,the latter was also decreased in response to the medium formula dose.However,the low formula dose reduced serum KYN level and KYN/tryptophan(TRP)and KYN/KA ratios.Conclusion:The Peiyuan Jieyu formula holds immense potential in treating depression in a mouse model,potentially inhibiting inflammation and improving TRP-KYN metabolic disorders.
文摘BACKGROUND Infants'nutrition significantly influences their growth,development,and overall well-being.With the increasing demand for organic infant formula driven by the perception of health benefits and growing awareness of natural feeding options,it is crucial to conduct a comparative analysis of the gastrointestinal tolerability between organic and traditional infant formulas.AIM To provide a concise and precise analysis of the gastrointestinal tolerability of organic infant formula compared to traditional infant formula.Due to limited direct comparisons,the review synthesizes available literature on each formula type,presenting insights into their potential effects on infants'digestive health.METHODS An extensive literature search was conducted,compiling studies on organic and traditional infant formulas,their compositions,and reported effects on gastrointestinal tolerability.We searched academic databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar and specialized nutrition,paediatrics,and infant health journals using relevant keywords till October 1,2023.RESULTS Although specific comparative studies are scarce and formula heterogeneity is a significant limitation,this systematic review provides an in-depth understanding of organic infant formulas'composition and potential benefits.While scientific evidence directly comparing gastrointestinal tolerability is limited,organic formulas strive to use carefully selected organic ingredients to imitate breast milk composition.Potential benefits include improved lipid profiles,higher methionine content,and decreased antibiotic-resistant bacteria levels.Understanding the gastrointestinal tolerability of organic and traditional infant formulas is crucial for parents and healthcare providers to make informed decisions.CONCLUSION Despite limitations in direct comparisons,this systematic review provides insights into the composition and potential benefits of organic infant formulas.It emphasizes the need for further research to elucidate their gastrointestinal effects comprehensively.
基金supported by grants from the Special Project for Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements in Qinghai Province(No.2021-SF-150)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82173929).
文摘Background:Sanhua decoction has significant effects in the treatment of stroke.The study of the Sanhua decoction material benchmark was carried out to analyze the value transfer relationship between the Chinese herbal pieces and the substance benchmark.Methods:Network pharmacology was employed to investigate the potential active components and molecular mechanisms of Sanhua decoction in the treatment of stroke.15 batches of Sanhua decoction lyophilized powder were prepared using traditional formulas and subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography analysis to generate fingerprints of the Sanhua decoction substance benchmarks.Then,a multi-component quantitative analysis method was established,allowing for the simultaneous determination of ten components,to study the transfer of quantity values between pieces and substance benchmarks.Results:60 active ingredients were screened from Sanhua decoction by network pharmacology,of which gallic acid,magnolol honokiol,physcion,and aloe-emodin may have a greater effect than other active components.63 key targets and 134 pathways were predicted as the potential mechanism of Sanhua decoction in treating stroke.The fingerprint similarity of the Sanhua decoction substance benchmarks was found to be good among the 15 batches,confirming the 19 common peaks.The content of the 10 components was basically consistent.The components’transfer rates were within 30%of their respective means.Conclusions:This study provided a comprehensive and reliable strategy for the quality evaluation of Sanhua decoction substance benchmarks and held significant importance in improving its application value.
基金Supported by National Nature Science Foundation in China(12101564,11971425,11801508)Nature Science Foundation of Zhejiang province(LY22A010013)Domestic Visiting Scholar Teacher Professional Development Project(FX2021042)。
文摘The tangential k-Cauchy-Fueter operator and k-CF functions are counterparts of the tangential Cauchy–Riemann operator and CR functions on the Heisenberg group in the theory of several complex variables,respectively.In this paper,we introduce a Lie group that the Heisenberg group can be imbedded into and call it generalized complex Heisenberg.We investigate quaternionic analysis on the generalized complex Heisenberg.We also give the Penrose integral formula for k-CF functions and construct the tangential k-Cauchy-Fueter complex.
文摘[Objectives]To verify the specificity,sensitivity,precision and negative-positive deviation of the foodproof gluten component de-tection kit for the detection of gluten allergens in milk powder matrix,and to establish a real-time fluorescent PCR legal method for the detec-tion of gluten allergens in milk powder.[Methods]The specificity,sensitivity,precision and negative-positive deviation of the detection method of foodproof gluten component detection kit(PCR-probe method)were verified by artificially adding different concentrations of wheat bran and extracting sample DNA by kit method,and applied to sample detection.[Results] The specific detection results of two kinds of milk powder with wheat bran and buckwheat added showed that the foodproof gluten component detection kit(PCR-probe method)had good speci-ficity for wheat gluten.The results of artificially added wheat bran positive samples showed that the false positive rate and false negative rate of the kit in the milk powder matrix were O,and the sensitivity and precision were high.[Conclusions]The kit is simple to operate and has high accuracy,which is suitable for the detection of gluten allergen components in milk powder.
文摘[Objectives]To investigate the acute toxicity and hepatoprotective effect of Jinchuan formula plum wine extract on mice,determine its safety range,and evaluate its hepatoprotective effect.[Methods]The median lethal dose(LD_(50))was determined by acute toxicity test with the toxic reaction and mortality of mice as indexes.Sixty Kunming mice were randomly divided into 6 groups:normal control group,model group(ConA-induced liver injury model),Jinchuan formula plum wine high,medium and low dose groups(1.0,0.5,0.25 g/kg)and silybin group(0.1 g/kg).The levels of ALT,AST,LDH in serum and TG,VLDL in liver were measured.After HE staining,the pathological changes of liver tissue in mice were observed,and the liver protective effect of Jinchuan formula plum wine extract was analyzed and evaluated.[Results]LD_(50)was 11.18 g/kg,and the 95%confidence limit of LD_(50)was 10.31-12.05 g/kg.The high-dose group of Jinchuan formula plum wine extract could significantly reduce the serum ALT and AST activities of ConA-induced liver injury mice(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Jinchuan formula plum wine extract is relatively safe,and also has a protective effect on liver injury.
文摘We compare Newton’s force law of universal gravitation with a corrected simple approach based on Bhandari’s recently presented work, where the gravitation constant G is maintained. A reciprocity relation exists between both alternative gravity formulas with respect to the distances between mass centers. We conclude a one-to-one mapping of the two gravitational formulas. We don’t need Einstein’s construct of spacetime bending by matter.
基金Key Projects in Xianning science and technology project (No.2020SFYF01)Youth Talent Project of Health Commission of Hubei Province (No.ZY2021Q026).
文摘Background:To explore the effective chemical constituents of Feiduqing formula for prevention and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Methods:The compounds and action targets of twelve herbal medicines in Feiduqing formula were collected via Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analytic Platform.The genes corresponding to the targets were queried through the UniProt database.The“herbal medicine-ingredient-target”network was established by Cytoscape software.The Gene Ontology function enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis were performed by Database for Annotation,Visualization and Integrated Discovery.Molecular docking was used to analyze the binding force of core active compounds of Feiduqing formula with PTGS2,HSP90AA1,SARS-CoV-23CL hydrolase and angiotensin converting enzyme II(ACE2).Results:The“herbal medicine-ingredient-target”network included 434 nodes and 1948 edges,including 222 components such as quercetin,kaempferol,luteolin,etc.The key targets are PTGS2,HSP90AA1,PTGS1,ESR1,AR,NOS2,etc.Gene Ontology function enrichment analysis revealed 2530 items,including RNA polymerase II-specific,response to oxidative stress,transcription factor activity,etc.Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment screened 169 signal pathways,including Human cytomegalovirus infection,Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection,Hepatitis B,Hepatitis C,IL-17,TNF,etc.The results of molecular docking showed that quercetin,luteolin,β-sitosterol,stigmasterol and other core active compounds have a certain degree of affinity with PTGS2,HSP90AA1,SARS-CoV-23CL hydrolase and ACE2.Conclusion:The active compounds of Feiduqing formula may have a therapeutic effect on COVID-19 pneumonia through the action on PTGS2,HSP90AA1,SARS-CoV-23CL hydrolase and ACE2,and regulating many signaling pathways.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFA0708004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81822047 and 31971088)+1 种基金the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine(CBCM2020104)Yi Wang was supported by the Innovation Team and Talents Cultivation Program of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(ZYYCXTD-D-202002).
文摘Xuanfeibaidu Formula (XFBD) is a Chinese medicine used in the clinical treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Although XFBD has exhibited significant therapeutic efficacy in clinical practice, its underlying pharmacological mechanism remains unclear. Here, we combine a comprehensive research approach that includes network pharmacology, transcriptomics, and bioassays in multiple model systems to investigate the pharmacological mechanism of XFBD and its bioactive substances. High-resolution mass spectrometry was combined with molecular networking to profile the major active substances in XFBD. A total of 104 compounds were identified or tentatively characterized, including flavonoids, terpenes, carboxylic acids, and other types of constituents. Based on the chemical composition of XFBD, a network pharmacology-based analysis identified inflammation-related pathways as primary targets. Thus, we examined the anti-inflammation activity of XFBD in a lipopolysaccharide-induced acute inflammation mice model. XFBD significantly alleviated pulmonary inflammation and decreased the level of serum proinflammatory cytokines. Transcriptomic profiling suggested that genes related to macrophage function were differently expressed after XFBD treatment. Consequently, the effects of XFBD on macrophage activation and mobilization were investigated in a macrophage cell line and a zebrafish wounding model. XFBD exerts strong inhibitory effects on both macrophage activation and migration. Moreover, through multimodal screening, we further identified the major components and compounds from the different herbs of XFBD that mediate its anti-inflammation function. Active components from XFBD, including Polygoni cuspidati Rhizoma, Phragmitis Rhizoma, and Citri grandis Exocarpium rubrum, were then found to strongly downregulate macrophage activation, and polydatin, isoliquiritin, and acteoside were identified as active compounds. Components of Artemisiae annuae Herba and Ephedrae Herba were found to substantially inhibit endogenous macrophage migration, while the presence of ephedrine, atractylenolide I, and kaempferol was attributed to these effects. In summary, our study explores the pharmacological mechanism and effective components of XFBD in inflammation regulation via multimodal approaches, and thereby provides a biological illustration of the clinical efficacy of XFBD.
基金supported by grants from the National Science Foundation of China (NSFC 82104431)Open project of State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine (CBCM2020201)+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China (2020YFA0708004)Tianjin Education Commission Scientific Research Project (2022KJ148).
文摘Chinese guideline has proven effective in the fight against coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)during the global spread of the epidemic.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is widely recognized for its effectiveness in alleviating symptoms,inhibiting disease progress,reducing mortality,and improving the cure rate of patients with COVID-19.During the pandemic,“three medicines and three formulas”(TMTFs)stood out from hundreds of others in registered clinical studies,which became highly recommended as TCM for COVID-19 treatment.The TMTFs not only effectively relieve the clinical symptoms of fever,cough,fatigue,and phlegm,but also substantially shorten the time of nucleic acid negative conversion,improve lung computed tomography imaging features and inflammation,ameliorate clinical biochemical indicators,and reduce sequelae.Their potential pharmacological mechanisms are mainly related to the crosstalk between viral toxicity,endothelial damage,cytokine storm,immune response,and microthrombus.In brief,the clinical effects and the potential mechanisms of TMTFs on COVID-19 were systematically analyzed and summarized covering the entirety of disease development,including virus invasion and replication,immune response and cytokine storm,and acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.This review provides a theoretical basis and reference for the in-depth understanding of the positive role of TMTFs in COVID-19 treatment.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.62007014 and 62177024)the Humanities and Social Sciences Youth Fund of the Ministry of Education (No.20YJC880024)+1 种基金China Post Doctoral Science Foundation (No.2019M652678)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.CCNU20ZT019).
文摘Auto-grading,as an instruction tool,could reduce teachers’workload,provide students with instant feedback and support highly personalized learning.Therefore,this topic attracts considerable attentions from researchers recently.To realize the automatic grading of handwritten chemistry assignments,the problem of chemical notations recognition should be solved first.The recent handwritten chemical notations recognition solutions belonging to the end-to-end trainable category suffered fromthe problem of lacking the accurate alignment information between the input and output.They serve the aim of reading notations into electrical devices to better prepare relevant edocuments instead of auto-grading handwritten assignments.To tackle this limitation to enable the auto-grading of handwritten chemistry assignments at a fine-grained level.In this work,we propose a component-detectionbased approach for recognizing off-line handwritten Organic Cyclic Compound Structure Formulas(OCCSFs).Specifically,we define different components of OCCSFs as objects(including graphical objects and text objects),and adopt the deep learning detector to detect them.Then,regarding the detected text objects,we introduce an improved attention-based encoder-decoder model for text recognition.Finally,with these detection results and the geometric relationships of detected objects,this article designs a holistic algorithm for interpreting the spatial structure of handwritten OCCSFs.The proposedmethod is evaluated on a self-collected data set consisting of 3000 samples and achieves promising results.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12061054)Program for Young Talents of Science and Technology in Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China(Grant No.NJYT-20A06)。
文摘We gave the localized solutions,the interaction solutions and the mixed solutions to a reduced(3+1)-dimensional nonlinear evolution equation.These solutions were characterized by superposition formulas of positive quadratic functions,the exponential and hyperbolic functions.According to the known lump solution in the outset,we obtained the superposition formulas of positive quadratic functions by plausible reasoning.Next,we constructed the interaction solutions between the localized solutions and the exponential function solutions with the similar theory.These two kinds of solutions contained superposition formulas of positive quadratic functions,which were turned into general ternary quadratic functions,the coefficients of which were all rational operation of vector inner product.Then we obtained linear superposition formulas of exponential and hyperbolic function solutions.Finally,for aforementioned various solutions,their dynamic properties were showed by choosing specific values for parameters.From concrete plots,we observed wave characteristics of three kinds of solutions.Especially,we could observe distinct generation and separation situations when the localized wave and the stripe wave interacted at different time points.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31872362 and 32072688)the Agricultural Science and Technology Independent Innovation Fund Project of Jiangsu Province[CX(19)1006].
文摘Background:Lactic acid bacteria(LAB)participating in milk fermentation naturally release and enrich the fermented dairy product with a broad range of bioactive metabolites,which has numerous roles in the intestinal health-promot-ing of the consumer.However,information is lacking regarding the application prospect of LAB fermented milk in the animal industry.This study investigated the effects of lactic acid bacteria-fermented formula milk(LFM)on the growth performance,intestinal immunity,microbiota composition,and transcriptomic responses in weaned piglets.A total of 24 male weaned piglets were randomly divided into the control(CON)and LFM groups.Each group consisted of 6 replicates(cages)with 2 piglets per cage.Each piglet in the LFM group were supplemented with 80 mL LFM three times a day,while the CON group was treated with the same amount of drinking water.Results:LFM significantly increased the average daily gain of piglets over the entire 14 d(P<0.01)and the average daily feed intake from 7 to 14 d(P<0.05).Compared to the CON group,ileal goblet cell count,villus-crypt ratio,sIgA,and lactate concentrations in the LFM group were significantly increased(P<0.05).Transcriptomic analysis of ileal mucosa identified 487 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)between two groups.Especially,DEGs involved in the intestinal immune network for IgA production pathways,such as polymeric immunoglobulin receptor(PIGR),were significantly up-regulated(P<0.01)by LFM supplementation.Moreover,trefoil factor 2(TFF2)in the LFM group,one of the DEGs involved in the secretory function of goblet cells,was also significantly up-regulated(P<0.01).Sequenc-ing of the 16S rRNA gene of microbiota demonstrated that LFM led to selective enrichment of lactate-producing and short-chain fatty acid(SCFA)-producing bacteria in the ileum,such as an increase in the relative abundance of Entero-coccus(P=0.09)and Acetitomaculum(P<0.05).Conclusions:LFM can improve intestinal health and immune tolerance,thus enhancing the growth performance of weaned piglets.The changes in microbiota and metabolites induced by LFM might mediate the regulation of the secretory function of goblet cells.
文摘In the literature, the Bailey transform has many applications in basic hypergeometric series. In this paper, we derive many new transformation formulas for q-series by means of the Bailey transform. Meanwhile, We also obtain some new terminated identities. Furthermore, we establish a companion identity to the Rogers-Ramanujan identity labelled by number (23) on Slater’s list.
基金Shanxi Province Science and Technology Research Project(2016ZD0307)Jinyao Comprehensive Development and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center Project(2017-JYXT-32)+2 种基金The Key Project of Shanxi Province Key R&D Program(201603D3113023)The Key R&D Program(Guide)Project of Shanxi Province(201703D421024)Graduate Education Innovation Program of Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(2020JG001)。
文摘Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Yishen-Huoxue Formula in the treatment of refractory nephrotic syndrome(RNS)using evidence-based medicine.Methods:Databases CNKI,WanFang,VIP,CBM,PubMed,EMbase,and Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)on the treatment of RNS with the Yishen-Huoxue Formula from June 2008 to July 2020.The quality of the literature was evaluated by the Cochrane.Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3 software.Results:A total of 18 articles and 1432 patients were included in this study.The results showed compared to the control group,Yishen-Huoxue Formula was much better in improving total effectiverate[OR=4.15,(95%CI:3.03,5.68),P<0.05],plasma albumin[MD=5.08,(95%CI:3.42,6.74),P<0.05]and decreasing 24-h urine protein quantitation[MD=-0.99,(95%CI:-1.30,-0,69),P<0.05],recurrence rate[OR=0.21,95%CI(0.11,0.40),P<0.05],and adverse reaction rate[OR=0.33,95%CI(0.21,0.52),P<0.05].However,the improvement of complete remission rate was affected by the course of treatment.The effects were similar in less than or equal to nine weeks[OR=1.52,(95%CI:0.74,3.13),P=0.25],whereas the experimental group was superior to the control group in 12-24 weeks[OR=2.47,(95%CI:1.63,3.74),P<0.05]and more than or equal to 26 weeks[OR=2.04,(95%CI:1.43,2.91),P<0.05].Conclusion:The efficacy and safety of Yishen-Huoxue Formula for refractory nephrotic syndrome is better than that of the Western medicine group,but the exact efficacy still needs to be confirmed by prospective studies of higher quality.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China program(8187141391)。
文摘Objective:To evaluate the protective effect of Yiqi Qingre Xiaozheng formula(YQQRXZF)via the regulation of autophagy in diabetic nephropathy(DN)mice induced by injection of streptozotocin(STZ)after high fat diet(HFD).Methods:The composition of YQQRXZF was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatographyelectrospray ionization/mass spectrometry(HPLC-ESI/MSn).The DN model was induced by intraperitoneally injection of 50 mg/kg STZ within 5 days,followed by HFD feeding for 8 weeks in C57BL/6J mice.Mice were randomly separated into DN group,YQQRXZF group,irbesartan group,and control group.Blood glucose was calculated,and body weight was measured every 2 weeks.An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio(uACR)before and after treatment,and the serum concentrations of total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein(LDL),triglycerides(TG),high-density lipoprotein(HDL),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),and serum creatinine(Scr)were measured.In addition,hematoxylin-eosin(H&E)staining,periodic acid-Schiff(PAS)staining,Masson's trichrome staining,and transmission electron microscopy(TEM)were used to observe pathological changes in renal tissue.Autophagy levels were determined by immunofluorescence staining.Results:In this study,21 dominant chemical constituents were identified in YQQRXZF.The treatment group reduced u ACR in a more significant way than the DN group(P=.018).The treatment group reduced TC,TG,and LDL concentrations after YQQRXFF treatment(P=.021,P=.014 and P=.026,respectively).H&E,PAS,and Masson staining showed that pathological damage to mice kidneys improved,the volume of renal glomeruli was reduced,and glomerular sclerosis and fibrosis were reduced.Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that expressions of LC3-Ⅱprotein increased in the treatment group(P=.013).In contrast,the protein expressions of P62 were reduced after treatment(P=.025).
