Objective Current clinical evidence on the effects of home blood pressure telemonitoring(HBPT)on improving blood pressure control comes entirely from developed countries.Thus,we performed this randomized controlled tr...Objective Current clinical evidence on the effects of home blood pressure telemonitoring(HBPT)on improving blood pressure control comes entirely from developed countries.Thus,we performed this randomized controlled trial to evaluate whether HBPT plus support(patient education and clinician remote hypertension management)improves blood pressure control more than usual care(UC)in the Chinese population.Methods This single-center,randomized controlled study was conducted in Beijing,China.Patients aged 30-75 years were eligible for enrolment if they had blood pressure[systolic(SBP)≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic(DBP)≥90 mmHg;or SBP≥130 mmHg and/or DBP≥80 mmHg with diabetes].We recruited 190 patients randomized to either the HBPT or the UC groups for 12 weeks.The primary endpoints were blood pressure reduction and the proportion of patients achieving the target blood pressure.Results Totally,172 patients completed the study,the HBPT plus support group(n=84),and the UC group(n=88).Patients in the plus support group showed a greater reduction in mean ambulatory blood pressure than those in the UC group.The plus support group had a significantly higher proportion of patients who achieved the target blood pressure and maintained a dipper blood pressure pattern at the12th week of follow-up.Additionally,the patients in the plus support group showed lower blood pressure variability and higher drug adherence than those in the UC group.Conclusion HBPT plus additional support results in greater blood pressure reduction,better blood pressure control,a higher proportion of dipper blood pressure patterns,lower blood pressure variability,and higher drug adherence than UC.The development of telemedicine may be the cornerstone of hypertension management in primary care.展开更多
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)-overexpressing breast cancer is an aggressive phenotype with a poor prognosis,and can easily metastasize and recur.Currently,chemotherapy plus HER2-targeted therapy is th...Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)-overexpressing breast cancer is an aggressive phenotype with a poor prognosis,and can easily metastasize and recur.Currently,chemotherapy plus HER2-targeted therapy is the standard systemic treatment for most of these patients.Given that neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC)has an efficacy equivalent to that of adjuvant chemotherapy and some additional benefits,many patients,especially those with more advanced tumors,prefer NAC and generally will not receive additional chemotherapy after surgery,irrespective of the pathological response.However,achieving pathological complete response to NAC is strongly correlated with prognosis,especially in triple-negative and HER2-overexpressing breast cancer.Therefore,postoperative treatment of these patients with residual diseases should be optimized to achieve favorable outcomes.The CREATE-X study has confirmed that additional chemotherapy can improve the outcomes of patients with HER2-negative residual disease after NAC.In addition,chemotherapy plays an indispensable role in the treatment of patients who receive surgery directly or who have recurrent lesions.Therefore,can additional chemotherapy improve prognosis of patients with HER2-overexpressing residual breast cancer?At present,no studies have compared the efficacy of additional chemotherapy plus trastuzumab with that of anti-HER2 therapy alone in residual cancer.The KATHERINE study revealed that trastuzumab emtansine(T-DM1)can reduce the risk of recurrence or death by 50%compared with trastuzumab in patients with HER2-positive residual invasive breast cancer after neoadjuvant therapy.T-DM1 is an antibody-drug conjugate of trastuzumab and the cytotoxic agent emtansine,and thus,to an extent,T-DM1 is equivalent to simultaneous application of chemotherapy and targeted therapy.However,high cost and low accessibility limit its use especially in low-and middle-income countries and regions.Hence,we proposed this perspective that additional chemotherapy plus trastuzumab should be given to HER2-overexpressing breast cancer patients with residual disease after NAC to improve their prognosis by discussing that the efficacy of additional chemotherapy plus trastuzumab is superior to that of anti-HER2 therapy alone and not inferior to T-DM1.Additional chemotherapy plus trastuzumab-based HER2-targeted therapy can be used as an alternative regimen to T-DM1 when T-DM1 is unavailable.However,further clinical research on the selection of chemotherapeutic agents is warranted.展开更多
In this study,the tomography of dynamic stress coefficient(TDSC)was established based on a mechanical model of stress wave propagation in bedding planes and a mathematical model of the stress wave attenuation in rock ...In this study,the tomography of dynamic stress coefficient(TDSC)was established based on a mechanical model of stress wave propagation in bedding planes and a mathematical model of the stress wave attenuation in rock masses.The reliability of the TDSC was verified by a linear bedding plane model and field monitoring.Generally,the TDSC in the dynamic stress propagation of bedding planes increases with the following conditions:(1)the increase of the normal stiffness of the bedding plane,(2)the increase of the incident angle of the stress wave,(3)the decrease of the incident frequency of the stress wave,or(4)the growth of three ratios(the ratios of rock densities,elastic moduli,and the Poisson’s ratios)of rocks on either side of bedding planes.The additional stress weakens TDSC linearly and slowly during the stress wave propagation in bedding planes,and the weakening effect increases with the growth of the three ratios.Besides,the TDSC decreases exponentially in the rock mass as propagation distance increases.In a field case,the TDSC decreases significantly as vertical and horizontal distances increase and its wave range increases as vertical distance increases in the sedimentary rock layers.展开更多
The model of skaft lining under force is developed on the basis of the special stratum condition led to sbart cracking- The model is broken into 3 sub-questions to solve separately. According to the principle of super...The model of skaft lining under force is developed on the basis of the special stratum condition led to sbart cracking- The model is broken into 3 sub-questions to solve separately. According to the principle of superposition and strain compatibility, a second kind Fredholm integral equation is generated.A theoretical solution to vertical additional force on shaft lining is obtained by numerical method to the integral equation.展开更多
Through adding different additional water use,the compressive strength,splitting tensile strength and fluidity of recycled concrete of three aggregate combination forms were studied by experiment respectively.The expe...Through adding different additional water use,the compressive strength,splitting tensile strength and fluidity of recycled concrete of three aggregate combination forms were studied by experiment respectively.The experimental results show that with the increase of adding additional water use,the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of recycled coarse aggregate concrete decrease,but that of recycled fine aggregate concrete and recycled all aggregate concrete increase firstly then decrease.When additional water use is added more 15% or 20% than that of basic ordinary concrete,the recycled coarse aggregate concrete and fine one can get pretty good fluidity.When it is added more 30%,the recycled all aggregate concrete has fluidity that is just satisfied.展开更多
BACKGROUND No consensus has been reached in patients suspected of having inadequate bowel preparation regarding optimal salvage methods, which negatively affects the efficacy and quality of colonoscopy. The most ideal...BACKGROUND No consensus has been reached in patients suspected of having inadequate bowel preparation regarding optimal salvage methods, which negatively affects the efficacy and quality of colonoscopy. The most ideal and reasonable rescue option involves early suspicion and identification of patients with inadequate preparation before sedation, additional oral ingestion of a suitable preparation formulation, and same-day colonoscopy.AIM To compare 0.5-L and 1-L polyethylene glycol containing ascorbic acid(PEG +Asc) as additional bowel cleansing methods after a 2-L split-dose PEG + Asc regimen in patients with expected inadequate bowel preparation before colonoscopy.METHODS Individuals with expected inadequate bowel preparation based on last stool form, such as turbid liquid, particulate liquid, or liquid with small amounts of feces, were randomized to either a 0.5-L PEG + Asc group or a 1-L PEG + Asc group. The primary endpoint was bowel preparation as assessed using the Aronchick bowel preparation scale(ABPS) and Boston bowel preparation scale(BBPS) scores. The secondary endpoints were cecal intubation time, withdrawal time, polyp detection rate(PDR), adenoma detection rate(ADR), individual compliance with additional PEG + Asc, and patient satisfaction.RESULTS Initially, 98 patients were included, but 8 were later excluded due to withdrawal of consent to participate in the study. Adequate bowel preparation(as assessed by ABPS) was observed in 80.9%(38/47) of subjects in the 0.5-L group and in88.4%(38/43) of subjects in the 1-L group(P = 0.617). Mean total BBPS was 6.7 points in the 0.5-L group and 7.0 points in the 1-L group(P = 0.458). ADRs and PDRs were similar in the two groups, and cecal intubation and withdrawal times were not significantly different. However, mean patient satisfaction score was significantly higher in the 0.5-L group(P = 0.041).CONCLUSION The bowel cleaning efficacy of additional 0.5-L PEG + Asc was not inferior to that of 1-L PEG + Asc. Additional 0.5-L PEG + Asc is worthwhile when inadequate bowel preparation is expected before colonoscopy.展开更多
Hall thruster is an electric propulsion device for attitude control and position maintenance of satellites.The discharge process of Hall thruster will produce divergent plume.The plume will cause erosion,static electr...Hall thruster is an electric propulsion device for attitude control and position maintenance of satellites.The discharge process of Hall thruster will produce divergent plume.The plume will cause erosion,static electricity,and other interference to the main components,such as solar sailboard,satellite body,and thruster.Therefore,reducing the divergence of the plume is an important content in the research of thruster plume.The additional electrode to the plume area is a way to reduce the divergence angle of the plume,but there are few related studies.This paper uses the particle-in-cell(PIC)simulation method to simulate the effect of the additional electrode on the discharge of the Hall thruster,and further explains the effect mechanism of the additional electrode on parameters such as the electric field and plume divergence angle.The simulation results show that the existence of the additional electrode can enhance the potential near the additional position.The increase of the potential can effectively suppress the radial diffusion of ions,and effectively reduce the plume divergence angle.The simulation results show that when the additional electrode is 30 V,the half plume divergence angle can be reduced by 18.21%.However,the existence of additional electric electrode can also enhance the ion bombardment on the magnetic pole.The additional electrode is relatively outside,the plume divergence angle is relatively small,and it can avoid excessive ion bombardment on the magnetic pole.The research work of this paper can provide a reference for the beam design of Hall thruster.展开更多
The factors which cause additional losses of guidance optical fiber in wound state were analyzed.A mathematical model used to analyze the macro-bend losses in the cross region producing in the precision winding proces...The factors which cause additional losses of guidance optical fiber in wound state were analyzed.A mathematical model used to analyze the macro-bend losses in the cross region producing in the precision winding process was established.For an actual guidance optical fiber,the measured data of the fiber's additional losses under low temperature and the loss curves with radius were given in the paper.The simulation results were compared with the test data.It shows that the additional losses of optical fiber caused by bending and low temperature can meet the actual requirements of the fiber optical guidance system.The established model can be used to predict the change trend of fiber losses in the winding process with a certain tensile force.展开更多
A growing body of evidence explicitly suggests the significant role of inflammatory processes in the development and progressive deterioration of vascular diseases and cardiomyopathies.1-3 In recent years, a large var...A growing body of evidence explicitly suggests the significant role of inflammatory processes in the development and progressive deterioration of vascular diseases and cardiomyopathies.1-3 In recent years, a large variety of infections have been reported to be associated with the development of cardiomyopathy; the pathogenic factors include rickets, bacteria, protozoa and other parasites,and also, at least 17 viruses.2。展开更多
Compact spinning with pneumatic grooves is a spinning process to gather fibers by blended actions of airflow and mechanical forces.Modified from the ring spinning system,the lateral compact spinning with pneumatic gro...Compact spinning with pneumatic grooves is a spinning process to gather fibers by blended actions of airflow and mechanical forces.Modified from the ring spinning system,the lateral compact spinning with pneumatic grooves can improve yarn appearance and properties due to generated additional twists.In this study,we investigated additional twists of the lateral compact spinning with pneumatic grooves via a finite element(FE)method.An elastic thin rod was used to model a fiber to simulate its dynamic deformation in the three-dimensional space,and the space bar unit was used to simplify the fiber model for the dynamic analysis.The stiffness equation of the elastic rod element and the dynamic equation of the rigid body mass element were derived from the differential equation of the elastic thin rod.In the analysis of the nonlinear geometric displacement of the space elastic thin rod unit,the large deformation problem was solved with the stepwise loading successive approximation.The simulation results explained the mechanism of generating additional twists,and the experiment results proved the existence of additional twists.The study demonstrated that the FE model is effective for predicting additional twists of fiber bundles in the agglomeration zone,and for simulating the fiber motion in the compact spinning with pneumatic grooves.展开更多
A novel car-following model is offered based on the cooperative information transmission delayed effect involving headway and velocity under V2 X environment.The stability conditions and m Kd V equation of the new mod...A novel car-following model is offered based on the cooperative information transmission delayed effect involving headway and velocity under V2 X environment.The stability conditions and m Kd V equation of the new model are obtained via the linear and nonlinear analysis.Through numerical simulation,the variation trend of headway and hysteresis phenomenon are studied.In addition,we investigate the additional energy consumption of the vehicle during acceleration.In brief,theoretical analysis and simulation results confirm that the new car-following model based on the cooperative information transmission delayed effect can improve traffic stability and reduce additional energy consumption.展开更多
Purpose: To determine the frequency of CT procedures in a cohort of bone marrow transplant patients and estimate the effective dose from each CT procedure as well as rough estimates of lifetime attributable risk (LAR)...Purpose: To determine the frequency of CT procedures in a cohort of bone marrow transplant patients and estimate the effective dose from each CT procedure as well as rough estimates of lifetime attributable risk (LAR) of cancer (both incidence and mortality). Background: Pediatric patients who undergo bone marrow transplant benefit greatly from the diagnostic power of computed tomography, but due to the need for frequent imaging, these patients are repeatedly exposed to the carcinogenic potential of ionizing radiation. Methods: CT Imaging and patient parameters were collected from a retrospective cohort of bone marrow transplant patients. Dosimetry was estimated as a function of age, dose length product (DLP), and scan region based on published DLP to effective dose tables. Lifetime attributable risk (LAR) of cancer as a function of age, gender, and organ specific dose was derived from BEIR VII phase 2 estimates. Results: 44 patients with bone marrow transplant were included and ranged in age from 7 months to 20 years (average age, 9 years). The average number of CT studies per patient was 3.2 over the 15 month period. The average effective dose for each study was 5.9 +/– 4.5 mSv. Cumulative effective dose to each patient was 20 +/– 32 mSv. It was estimated that in this cohort, the CT imaging performed over a 15-month period on a 64-slice scanner led to a lifetime additional risk of cancer incidence of 5 in 1000 and a lifetime additional risk of cancer mortality of 2 in 1000. Conclusion: Diagnostic CT is important in the assessment and management of ill patients following bone marrow transplant. The risk of ionizing radiation leading to additional development of cancer merits using as low a CT technique as reasonable to achieve a diagnostic study.展开更多
Objective:To systematically evaluate the effect and safety of additional Yupingfeng powder combined with western medicine for the stable period of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Method:Databases including...Objective:To systematically evaluate the effect and safety of additional Yupingfeng powder combined with western medicine for the stable period of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Method:Databases including Pubmed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、CNKI、VIP、CBM and Wanfang Data base,were searched for relevant randomized controlled trials.for Chinese and English literature about randomized controlled trials of additional Yupingfeng in the treatment of COPD on stable stage which were published from the establishment of the database to December 2019.Two researchers independently screened for,selected studies according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and extracted data.Methodological quality was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool.Meta-analysis was performed using Revman 5.3 software.Results:Ninetine randomized controlled trials including 1511 patients with COPD were meta-analyzed.The total sample size was 1511.The results showed that the treatment grop with additional Yupingfeng powder could improve the clinical efficacy[OR=0.26,95%CI(0.18,0.37)],FEV1 percentage of the estimated value[MD=4.61,95%CI(2.43,6.79)],6MWD[MD=43.90,95%CI(29.48,58.32)]and patient's immunity IgA[MD=0.25,95%CI(0.17,0.34)]and can mitigate cough effectively[MD=-0.34,95%CI(-0.46,-0.23)].Conclusion:Additional Yupingfeng powder combined with routine treatment for COPD has more advantages than conventional treatment alone in improving the clinical efficacy,lung function,immune function and have less adverse events.As most of the included studies in this systematic evaluation had poor quality,the evidence to support conclusion was weak,so it was necessary to conduct more multi-center clinical trials with high quality methods and rigorous design.展开更多
Although the flexor pollicis longus is known to show the additional head of the origin, the occurrence of its additional tendons in the carpal tunnel are seldom reported. The presence of such additional tendons in the...Although the flexor pollicis longus is known to show the additional head of the origin, the occurrence of its additional tendons in the carpal tunnel are seldom reported. The presence of such additional tendons in the carpal tunnel cannot be overlooked during the radiological and surgical procedures in this region. Herein, we report a rare case of additional muscle belly of flexor pollicis longus. The additional muscle belly after a short course divided into three tendons. All three tendons entered the carpal tunnel along with flexor pollicis longus, passing deep to the flexor retinaculum. Within the carpal tunnel, two of these tendons fused and terminated by merging with the undersurface of the flexor retinaculum. The third tendon terminated by joining the flexor digitorum superficialis tendon for the index finger, in the palm. An additional slip of the first lumbrical muscle took origin from the third tendon of the additional muscle belly of flexor pollicis longus. Further, the embryological basis and clinical significance of current case is discussed.展开更多
To investigate the influence of additional device on the flow in marine current turbine, two additional devices for ma- rine current turbine including short diffuser and long diffuser types are studied based on the te...To investigate the influence of additional device on the flow in marine current turbine, two additional devices for ma- rine current turbine including short diffuser and long diffuser types are studied based on the test data of original marine current turbine. The results of numerical simulation show that the additional device with flange structure, compared to marine current turbine without additional device, can obtain more output power. However, it brings the inhomogeneity of additional device force as the increasing of effective output power. At same time, due to existence of the flange, two karman vortices are found behind the flange. The low pressure region produced by additional device and flange struc- ture can speed up the flow around the marine current turbine, so as to improve the output power.展开更多
Space is a common entity in any static or dynamic system of objects whether the system is a bound system or an open system. Space is described by either measured or abstract dimensions. All motions, momentum and energ...Space is a common entity in any static or dynamic system of objects whether the system is a bound system or an open system. Space is described by either measured or abstract dimensions. All motions, momentum and energy transfers take place in space in any given system of objects. By understanding space we understand many physical phenomena happening in space. One method is to observe similarities among phenomena, deduce possible relations and validate the relations through known results. De Broglie wavelength for matter waves is a typical theorized abstract dimension existence of which is established through experiments later. In this paper, the author studies two bound spaces in two bound systems, namely, atomic bound systems and gravitationally bound systems. Both these bound systems have similar characteristics;they have inertial masses in motion with constant kinetic energies for a given orbital distance around the respective central object. In atomic bound space, the central object is the central positive charge which plays the role of creating the bound space around it. In gravitationally bound space, it is the central mass that plays the same role. Thus for these two bound systems a common constitutive relation between the energies of inertial masses in kinetic state, their distance from central object could be present. By noticing the similarities of the two systems, the author proposes such a relation through introduction of an additional space dimension. The existence of the proposed additional dimension is proved in this paper by considering hydrogen atom for atomic bound space and by considering any gravitational system for gravitationally bound space. Though the magnitude of the additional space dimension is different in both the situations, the additional space dimension exists. It is observed that in hydrogen atom the additional space dimension is a constant for the given positive charge of hydrogen atom when electron is in any energy state having principal quantum number of any value from 1 to 5 and with the orbital quantum number zero. For other quantum numbers additional space dimension exists. In the case of gravitational bound space, the additional space dimension is constant for a given mass of the central object for any energy of orbiting inertial mass. The author concludes that total mass energy of an inertial mass having a constant kinetic energy in any bound space is related to an additional space dimension defined by the constitutional property of the central object creating that bound space. As the relation is generic, it throws opportunity to examine other known similar macro, micro or quantum bound spaces created by central objects with different constitutive properties.展开更多
The teaching model of "creative Teaching + creative class = creative products + additional value" was proposed, so as to cultivate students' design creativity and practical ability by changing teaching c...The teaching model of "creative Teaching + creative class = creative products + additional value" was proposed, so as to cultivate students' design creativity and practical ability by changing teaching concepts and curriculum of Three-dimension Structure, and using new materials for spatial creativity training. This paper acclaims that only if the traditional teaching concepts of Three-dimension Structrue are abandoned, students' specialty fully used, the teaching effect will be improved effectively.展开更多
When the membrane material in the air field vibrates, it will drive the movement of the surrounding air. The aerodynamic force generated by the moving air will act on the membrane material in turn, resulting in the ch...When the membrane material in the air field vibrates, it will drive the movement of the surrounding air. The aerodynamic force generated by the moving air will act on the membrane material in turn, resulting in the change of dynamic characteristics such as membrane vibration frequency. In this paper, the additional air mass produced by membrane vibration in air is studied. Firstly, under the assumption that the incoming flow is uniform and incompressible ideal potential flow, the additional air mass acting on the surface is derived by using the thin airfoil theory and potential flow theory respectively. Then, according to the first law of thermodynamics and the principle of aeroelasticity, the analytical expression of the additional air mass is derived. Finally, through a specific example, the variation of the additional air mass with the membrane material parameters and pretension, as well as the influence of the aerodynamic force on the vibration frequency and amplitude of the membrane is obtained.展开更多
基金The Project of the National Ministry of Industry and Information Technology[2020-0103-3-1-1]The Project of Beijing Science and technology“capital characteristics”[Z181100001718007]。
文摘Objective Current clinical evidence on the effects of home blood pressure telemonitoring(HBPT)on improving blood pressure control comes entirely from developed countries.Thus,we performed this randomized controlled trial to evaluate whether HBPT plus support(patient education and clinician remote hypertension management)improves blood pressure control more than usual care(UC)in the Chinese population.Methods This single-center,randomized controlled study was conducted in Beijing,China.Patients aged 30-75 years were eligible for enrolment if they had blood pressure[systolic(SBP)≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic(DBP)≥90 mmHg;or SBP≥130 mmHg and/or DBP≥80 mmHg with diabetes].We recruited 190 patients randomized to either the HBPT or the UC groups for 12 weeks.The primary endpoints were blood pressure reduction and the proportion of patients achieving the target blood pressure.Results Totally,172 patients completed the study,the HBPT plus support group(n=84),and the UC group(n=88).Patients in the plus support group showed a greater reduction in mean ambulatory blood pressure than those in the UC group.The plus support group had a significantly higher proportion of patients who achieved the target blood pressure and maintained a dipper blood pressure pattern at the12th week of follow-up.Additionally,the patients in the plus support group showed lower blood pressure variability and higher drug adherence than those in the UC group.Conclusion HBPT plus additional support results in greater blood pressure reduction,better blood pressure control,a higher proportion of dipper blood pressure patterns,lower blood pressure variability,and higher drug adherence than UC.The development of telemedicine may be the cornerstone of hypertension management in primary care.
文摘Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)-overexpressing breast cancer is an aggressive phenotype with a poor prognosis,and can easily metastasize and recur.Currently,chemotherapy plus HER2-targeted therapy is the standard systemic treatment for most of these patients.Given that neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC)has an efficacy equivalent to that of adjuvant chemotherapy and some additional benefits,many patients,especially those with more advanced tumors,prefer NAC and generally will not receive additional chemotherapy after surgery,irrespective of the pathological response.However,achieving pathological complete response to NAC is strongly correlated with prognosis,especially in triple-negative and HER2-overexpressing breast cancer.Therefore,postoperative treatment of these patients with residual diseases should be optimized to achieve favorable outcomes.The CREATE-X study has confirmed that additional chemotherapy can improve the outcomes of patients with HER2-negative residual disease after NAC.In addition,chemotherapy plays an indispensable role in the treatment of patients who receive surgery directly or who have recurrent lesions.Therefore,can additional chemotherapy improve prognosis of patients with HER2-overexpressing residual breast cancer?At present,no studies have compared the efficacy of additional chemotherapy plus trastuzumab with that of anti-HER2 therapy alone in residual cancer.The KATHERINE study revealed that trastuzumab emtansine(T-DM1)can reduce the risk of recurrence or death by 50%compared with trastuzumab in patients with HER2-positive residual invasive breast cancer after neoadjuvant therapy.T-DM1 is an antibody-drug conjugate of trastuzumab and the cytotoxic agent emtansine,and thus,to an extent,T-DM1 is equivalent to simultaneous application of chemotherapy and targeted therapy.However,high cost and low accessibility limit its use especially in low-and middle-income countries and regions.Hence,we proposed this perspective that additional chemotherapy plus trastuzumab should be given to HER2-overexpressing breast cancer patients with residual disease after NAC to improve their prognosis by discussing that the efficacy of additional chemotherapy plus trastuzumab is superior to that of anti-HER2 therapy alone and not inferior to T-DM1.Additional chemotherapy plus trastuzumab-based HER2-targeted therapy can be used as an alternative regimen to T-DM1 when T-DM1 is unavailable.However,further clinical research on the selection of chemotherapeutic agents is warranted.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51804099 and U1704129)the Focus Research and Special Development for Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province(No.202102310542)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2018ZDPY02ZDPY02)the research fund of State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining,CUMT(SKLCRSM19KF011).
文摘In this study,the tomography of dynamic stress coefficient(TDSC)was established based on a mechanical model of stress wave propagation in bedding planes and a mathematical model of the stress wave attenuation in rock masses.The reliability of the TDSC was verified by a linear bedding plane model and field monitoring.Generally,the TDSC in the dynamic stress propagation of bedding planes increases with the following conditions:(1)the increase of the normal stiffness of the bedding plane,(2)the increase of the incident angle of the stress wave,(3)the decrease of the incident frequency of the stress wave,or(4)the growth of three ratios(the ratios of rock densities,elastic moduli,and the Poisson’s ratios)of rocks on either side of bedding planes.The additional stress weakens TDSC linearly and slowly during the stress wave propagation in bedding planes,and the weakening effect increases with the growth of the three ratios.Besides,the TDSC decreases exponentially in the rock mass as propagation distance increases.In a field case,the TDSC decreases significantly as vertical and horizontal distances increase and its wave range increases as vertical distance increases in the sedimentary rock layers.
文摘The model of skaft lining under force is developed on the basis of the special stratum condition led to sbart cracking- The model is broken into 3 sub-questions to solve separately. According to the principle of superposition and strain compatibility, a second kind Fredholm integral equation is generated.A theoretical solution to vertical additional force on shaft lining is obtained by numerical method to the integral equation.
基金Project(Xiangjianke(2007)No.425) supported by Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Construction DepartmentProject supported by the Youth Framework Teacher Fund of Xiangtan University(2006)
文摘Through adding different additional water use,the compressive strength,splitting tensile strength and fluidity of recycled concrete of three aggregate combination forms were studied by experiment respectively.The experimental results show that with the increase of adding additional water use,the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of recycled coarse aggregate concrete decrease,but that of recycled fine aggregate concrete and recycled all aggregate concrete increase firstly then decrease.When additional water use is added more 15% or 20% than that of basic ordinary concrete,the recycled coarse aggregate concrete and fine one can get pretty good fluidity.When it is added more 30%,the recycled all aggregate concrete has fluidity that is just satisfied.
文摘BACKGROUND No consensus has been reached in patients suspected of having inadequate bowel preparation regarding optimal salvage methods, which negatively affects the efficacy and quality of colonoscopy. The most ideal and reasonable rescue option involves early suspicion and identification of patients with inadequate preparation before sedation, additional oral ingestion of a suitable preparation formulation, and same-day colonoscopy.AIM To compare 0.5-L and 1-L polyethylene glycol containing ascorbic acid(PEG +Asc) as additional bowel cleansing methods after a 2-L split-dose PEG + Asc regimen in patients with expected inadequate bowel preparation before colonoscopy.METHODS Individuals with expected inadequate bowel preparation based on last stool form, such as turbid liquid, particulate liquid, or liquid with small amounts of feces, were randomized to either a 0.5-L PEG + Asc group or a 1-L PEG + Asc group. The primary endpoint was bowel preparation as assessed using the Aronchick bowel preparation scale(ABPS) and Boston bowel preparation scale(BBPS) scores. The secondary endpoints were cecal intubation time, withdrawal time, polyp detection rate(PDR), adenoma detection rate(ADR), individual compliance with additional PEG + Asc, and patient satisfaction.RESULTS Initially, 98 patients were included, but 8 were later excluded due to withdrawal of consent to participate in the study. Adequate bowel preparation(as assessed by ABPS) was observed in 80.9%(38/47) of subjects in the 0.5-L group and in88.4%(38/43) of subjects in the 1-L group(P = 0.617). Mean total BBPS was 6.7 points in the 0.5-L group and 7.0 points in the 1-L group(P = 0.458). ADRs and PDRs were similar in the two groups, and cecal intubation and withdrawal times were not significantly different. However, mean patient satisfaction score was significantly higher in the 0.5-L group(P = 0.041).CONCLUSION The bowel cleaning efficacy of additional 0.5-L PEG + Asc was not inferior to that of 1-L PEG + Asc. Additional 0.5-L PEG + Asc is worthwhile when inadequate bowel preparation is expected before colonoscopy.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51776047)the Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51736003)+1 种基金the Civil Aerospace Pre-research Project(Grant No.D010509)the Open Fund of Beijing Institute of Control Engineering(Grant No.LabASP-2018-13).
文摘Hall thruster is an electric propulsion device for attitude control and position maintenance of satellites.The discharge process of Hall thruster will produce divergent plume.The plume will cause erosion,static electricity,and other interference to the main components,such as solar sailboard,satellite body,and thruster.Therefore,reducing the divergence of the plume is an important content in the research of thruster plume.The additional electrode to the plume area is a way to reduce the divergence angle of the plume,but there are few related studies.This paper uses the particle-in-cell(PIC)simulation method to simulate the effect of the additional electrode on the discharge of the Hall thruster,and further explains the effect mechanism of the additional electrode on parameters such as the electric field and plume divergence angle.The simulation results show that the existence of the additional electrode can enhance the potential near the additional position.The increase of the potential can effectively suppress the radial diffusion of ions,and effectively reduce the plume divergence angle.The simulation results show that when the additional electrode is 30 V,the half plume divergence angle can be reduced by 18.21%.However,the existence of additional electric electrode can also enhance the ion bombardment on the magnetic pole.The additional electrode is relatively outside,the plume divergence angle is relatively small,and it can avoid excessive ion bombardment on the magnetic pole.The research work of this paper can provide a reference for the beam design of Hall thruster.
文摘The factors which cause additional losses of guidance optical fiber in wound state were analyzed.A mathematical model used to analyze the macro-bend losses in the cross region producing in the precision winding process was established.For an actual guidance optical fiber,the measured data of the fiber's additional losses under low temperature and the loss curves with radius were given in the paper.The simulation results were compared with the test data.It shows that the additional losses of optical fiber caused by bending and low temperature can meet the actual requirements of the fiber optical guidance system.The established model can be used to predict the change trend of fiber losses in the winding process with a certain tensile force.
文摘A growing body of evidence explicitly suggests the significant role of inflammatory processes in the development and progressive deterioration of vascular diseases and cardiomyopathies.1-3 In recent years, a large variety of infections have been reported to be associated with the development of cardiomyopathy; the pathogenic factors include rickets, bacteria, protozoa and other parasites,and also, at least 17 viruses.2。
基金This work is supported in part by China Scholarship Council and National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2017YFB0309100).
文摘Compact spinning with pneumatic grooves is a spinning process to gather fibers by blended actions of airflow and mechanical forces.Modified from the ring spinning system,the lateral compact spinning with pneumatic grooves can improve yarn appearance and properties due to generated additional twists.In this study,we investigated additional twists of the lateral compact spinning with pneumatic grooves via a finite element(FE)method.An elastic thin rod was used to model a fiber to simulate its dynamic deformation in the three-dimensional space,and the space bar unit was used to simplify the fiber model for the dynamic analysis.The stiffness equation of the elastic rod element and the dynamic equation of the rigid body mass element were derived from the differential equation of the elastic thin rod.In the analysis of the nonlinear geometric displacement of the space elastic thin rod unit,the large deformation problem was solved with the stepwise loading successive approximation.The simulation results explained the mechanism of generating additional twists,and the experiment results proved the existence of additional twists.The study demonstrated that the FE model is effective for predicting additional twists of fiber bundles in the agglomeration zone,and for simulating the fiber motion in the compact spinning with pneumatic grooves.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61963008,61673168,1176200412047567)+2 种基金the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation,China(Grant Nos.2022GXNSFDA035080 and 2018GXNSFAA281274)the Guangxi Innovation-Driven Development Special Fund Project,China(Grant No.GUIKEAA19254034-3)the Zhenjiang Science and Technology Project,China(Grant No.GY2020019)。
文摘A novel car-following model is offered based on the cooperative information transmission delayed effect involving headway and velocity under V2 X environment.The stability conditions and m Kd V equation of the new model are obtained via the linear and nonlinear analysis.Through numerical simulation,the variation trend of headway and hysteresis phenomenon are studied.In addition,we investigate the additional energy consumption of the vehicle during acceleration.In brief,theoretical analysis and simulation results confirm that the new car-following model based on the cooperative information transmission delayed effect can improve traffic stability and reduce additional energy consumption.
文摘Purpose: To determine the frequency of CT procedures in a cohort of bone marrow transplant patients and estimate the effective dose from each CT procedure as well as rough estimates of lifetime attributable risk (LAR) of cancer (both incidence and mortality). Background: Pediatric patients who undergo bone marrow transplant benefit greatly from the diagnostic power of computed tomography, but due to the need for frequent imaging, these patients are repeatedly exposed to the carcinogenic potential of ionizing radiation. Methods: CT Imaging and patient parameters were collected from a retrospective cohort of bone marrow transplant patients. Dosimetry was estimated as a function of age, dose length product (DLP), and scan region based on published DLP to effective dose tables. Lifetime attributable risk (LAR) of cancer as a function of age, gender, and organ specific dose was derived from BEIR VII phase 2 estimates. Results: 44 patients with bone marrow transplant were included and ranged in age from 7 months to 20 years (average age, 9 years). The average number of CT studies per patient was 3.2 over the 15 month period. The average effective dose for each study was 5.9 +/– 4.5 mSv. Cumulative effective dose to each patient was 20 +/– 32 mSv. It was estimated that in this cohort, the CT imaging performed over a 15-month period on a 64-slice scanner led to a lifetime additional risk of cancer incidence of 5 in 1000 and a lifetime additional risk of cancer mortality of 2 in 1000. Conclusion: Diagnostic CT is important in the assessment and management of ill patients following bone marrow transplant. The risk of ionizing radiation leading to additional development of cancer merits using as low a CT technique as reasonable to achieve a diagnostic study.
基金National Science and Technology Major Projects of Sudden Severe Acute Respiratory Infectious Diseases Treatment New Technology research and the New Scheme(No.2017 zx10204401)。
文摘Objective:To systematically evaluate the effect and safety of additional Yupingfeng powder combined with western medicine for the stable period of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Method:Databases including Pubmed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、CNKI、VIP、CBM and Wanfang Data base,were searched for relevant randomized controlled trials.for Chinese and English literature about randomized controlled trials of additional Yupingfeng in the treatment of COPD on stable stage which were published from the establishment of the database to December 2019.Two researchers independently screened for,selected studies according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and extracted data.Methodological quality was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool.Meta-analysis was performed using Revman 5.3 software.Results:Ninetine randomized controlled trials including 1511 patients with COPD were meta-analyzed.The total sample size was 1511.The results showed that the treatment grop with additional Yupingfeng powder could improve the clinical efficacy[OR=0.26,95%CI(0.18,0.37)],FEV1 percentage of the estimated value[MD=4.61,95%CI(2.43,6.79)],6MWD[MD=43.90,95%CI(29.48,58.32)]and patient's immunity IgA[MD=0.25,95%CI(0.17,0.34)]and can mitigate cough effectively[MD=-0.34,95%CI(-0.46,-0.23)].Conclusion:Additional Yupingfeng powder combined with routine treatment for COPD has more advantages than conventional treatment alone in improving the clinical efficacy,lung function,immune function and have less adverse events.As most of the included studies in this systematic evaluation had poor quality,the evidence to support conclusion was weak,so it was necessary to conduct more multi-center clinical trials with high quality methods and rigorous design.
文摘Although the flexor pollicis longus is known to show the additional head of the origin, the occurrence of its additional tendons in the carpal tunnel are seldom reported. The presence of such additional tendons in the carpal tunnel cannot be overlooked during the radiological and surgical procedures in this region. Herein, we report a rare case of additional muscle belly of flexor pollicis longus. The additional muscle belly after a short course divided into three tendons. All three tendons entered the carpal tunnel along with flexor pollicis longus, passing deep to the flexor retinaculum. Within the carpal tunnel, two of these tendons fused and terminated by merging with the undersurface of the flexor retinaculum. The third tendon terminated by joining the flexor digitorum superficialis tendon for the index finger, in the palm. An additional slip of the first lumbrical muscle took origin from the third tendon of the additional muscle belly of flexor pollicis longus. Further, the embryological basis and clinical significance of current case is discussed.
文摘To investigate the influence of additional device on the flow in marine current turbine, two additional devices for ma- rine current turbine including short diffuser and long diffuser types are studied based on the test data of original marine current turbine. The results of numerical simulation show that the additional device with flange structure, compared to marine current turbine without additional device, can obtain more output power. However, it brings the inhomogeneity of additional device force as the increasing of effective output power. At same time, due to existence of the flange, two karman vortices are found behind the flange. The low pressure region produced by additional device and flange struc- ture can speed up the flow around the marine current turbine, so as to improve the output power.
文摘Space is a common entity in any static or dynamic system of objects whether the system is a bound system or an open system. Space is described by either measured or abstract dimensions. All motions, momentum and energy transfers take place in space in any given system of objects. By understanding space we understand many physical phenomena happening in space. One method is to observe similarities among phenomena, deduce possible relations and validate the relations through known results. De Broglie wavelength for matter waves is a typical theorized abstract dimension existence of which is established through experiments later. In this paper, the author studies two bound spaces in two bound systems, namely, atomic bound systems and gravitationally bound systems. Both these bound systems have similar characteristics;they have inertial masses in motion with constant kinetic energies for a given orbital distance around the respective central object. In atomic bound space, the central object is the central positive charge which plays the role of creating the bound space around it. In gravitationally bound space, it is the central mass that plays the same role. Thus for these two bound systems a common constitutive relation between the energies of inertial masses in kinetic state, their distance from central object could be present. By noticing the similarities of the two systems, the author proposes such a relation through introduction of an additional space dimension. The existence of the proposed additional dimension is proved in this paper by considering hydrogen atom for atomic bound space and by considering any gravitational system for gravitationally bound space. Though the magnitude of the additional space dimension is different in both the situations, the additional space dimension exists. It is observed that in hydrogen atom the additional space dimension is a constant for the given positive charge of hydrogen atom when electron is in any energy state having principal quantum number of any value from 1 to 5 and with the orbital quantum number zero. For other quantum numbers additional space dimension exists. In the case of gravitational bound space, the additional space dimension is constant for a given mass of the central object for any energy of orbiting inertial mass. The author concludes that total mass energy of an inertial mass having a constant kinetic energy in any bound space is related to an additional space dimension defined by the constitutional property of the central object creating that bound space. As the relation is generic, it throws opportunity to examine other known similar macro, micro or quantum bound spaces created by central objects with different constitutive properties.
基金Sponsored by the First Session of Middle-aged and Young Key Teachers’and Presidents’Overseas Research Program of Jiangsu Colleges and Universities
文摘The teaching model of "creative Teaching + creative class = creative products + additional value" was proposed, so as to cultivate students' design creativity and practical ability by changing teaching concepts and curriculum of Three-dimension Structure, and using new materials for spatial creativity training. This paper acclaims that only if the traditional teaching concepts of Three-dimension Structrue are abandoned, students' specialty fully used, the teaching effect will be improved effectively.
文摘When the membrane material in the air field vibrates, it will drive the movement of the surrounding air. The aerodynamic force generated by the moving air will act on the membrane material in turn, resulting in the change of dynamic characteristics such as membrane vibration frequency. In this paper, the additional air mass produced by membrane vibration in air is studied. Firstly, under the assumption that the incoming flow is uniform and incompressible ideal potential flow, the additional air mass acting on the surface is derived by using the thin airfoil theory and potential flow theory respectively. Then, according to the first law of thermodynamics and the principle of aeroelasticity, the analytical expression of the additional air mass is derived. Finally, through a specific example, the variation of the additional air mass with the membrane material parameters and pretension, as well as the influence of the aerodynamic force on the vibration frequency and amplitude of the membrane is obtained.
