Static adsorption and dynamic damage experiments were carried out on typical 8#deep coal rock of the Carboniferous Benxi Formation in the Ordos Basin,NW China,to evaluate the adsorption capacity of hydroxypropyl guar ...Static adsorption and dynamic damage experiments were carried out on typical 8#deep coal rock of the Carboniferous Benxi Formation in the Ordos Basin,NW China,to evaluate the adsorption capacity of hydroxypropyl guar gum and polyacrylamide as fracturing fluid thickeners on deep coal rock surface and the permeability damage caused by adsorption.The adsorption morphology of the thickener was quantitatively characterized by atomic force microscopy,and the main controlling factors of the thickener adsorption were analyzed.Meanwhile,the adsorption mechanism of the thickener was revealed by Zeta potential,Fourier infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.The results show that the adsorption capacity of hydroxypropyl guar gum on deep coal surface is 3.86 mg/g,and the permeability of coal rock after adsorption decreases by 35.24%–37.01%.The adsorption capacity of polyacrylamide is 3.29 mg/g,and the permeability of coal rock after adsorption decreases by 14.31%–21.93%.The thickness of the thickener adsorption layer is positively correlated with the mass fraction of thickener and negatively correlated with temperature,and a decrease in pH will reduce the thickness of the hydroxypropyl guar gum adsorption layer and make the distribution frequency of the thickness of polyacrylamide adsorption layer more concentrated.Functional group condensation and intermolecular force are chemical and physical forces for adsorbing fracturing fluid thickener in deep coal rock.Optimization of thickener mass fraction,chemical modification of thickener molecular,oxidative thermal degradation of polymer and addition of desorption agent can reduce the potential damages on micro-nano pores and cracks in coal rock.展开更多
Since the discovery of carbon dots(CDs)in 2004,the unique photoluminescence phenomenon of CDs has attracted widespread attention.However,the molecular weight of CDs has not been adequately quantified at present,due to...Since the discovery of carbon dots(CDs)in 2004,the unique photoluminescence phenomenon of CDs has attracted widespread attention.However,the molecular weight of CDs has not been adequately quantified at present,due to CDs are atomically imprecise and their molecular weight distribution is broad.In this paper,a series of Pluronic-modified CDs were prepared and the structure of the CDs was briefly analyzed.Subsequently,a molecular weight measurement method based on colligative properties was developed,and the correction coefficient in the algorithm was briefly analyzed.The calculated molecular weight was applied to the determination of surface adsorption capacity.This work provided a method for averaging the molecular weight of atomically imprecise particulate materials,which is expected to provide new opportunities in related fields.展开更多
Water contamination in areas of formal and informal polymetallic mining is a growing concern in the Peruvian highlands. At the same time, there are agricultural activities that use contaminated water from these rivers...Water contamination in areas of formal and informal polymetallic mining is a growing concern in the Peruvian highlands. At the same time, there are agricultural activities that use contaminated water from these rivers for irrigation. This could contaminate the agricultural products grown on these lands, such as potatoes. It is, therefore, necessary and a priority to determine the adsorption characteristics of these derivatives and to be able to use these natural adsorbents to decontaminate water contaminated with heavy metals.展开更多
Dye wastewater poses a significant threat to aquatic organisms due to its high toxicity.Reducing or eliminating the dye waste from the water is necessary for a healthy and sustainable aquaculture.This study investigat...Dye wastewater poses a significant threat to aquatic organisms due to its high toxicity.Reducing or eliminating the dye waste from the water is necessary for a healthy and sustainable aquaculture.This study investigated the adsorption properties of Congo red dye on Mytilus edulis shell powders prepared by calcination at 500℃,700℃,and 900℃.The modified shell powder products were analyzed by SEM(scanning eletron microscopy)and FTIR(fourier transform infrared spectroscopy)for the morphology and structural characterization.The effects of different calcination temperatures,reaction times,reaction temperatures,and initial concentration of Congo red on the adsorption properties were investigated.The adsorption kinetics and isothermal adsorption models were also established.The results revealed that the shell powder calcinated at 900℃showed the best adsorption capacity on Congo red from aqueous solution.The adsorption reaction reached equilibrium after 150 min and followed by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model.At 25℃,96.2%of the Congo red in the solution could be removed,and the adsorption capacity could reach at least 1015 mg g^(–1).The adsorption isotherm is fit with the Freundlich model,indicating a multiphase adsorption process.These results are helpful for cleaning and treating printing and dyeing effluents as well as high-value utilization of shell waste resources.展开更多
The removal of arsenic from water is essential for the protection of public health. To investigate the adsorption capabilities of laterite, sandstone, and shale for the removal of arsenic from aqueous solutions, colum...The removal of arsenic from water is essential for the protection of public health. To investigate the adsorption capabilities of laterite, sandstone, and shale for the removal of arsenic from aqueous solutions, column experiments were conducted. In this study, raw materials and heat-treated (calcined) materials were examined. The experiments assessed the influence of various parameters, including initial concentration, bed depth, and the effects of heat treatment. The findings revealed that the breakthrough curves were influenced by the initial concentration of arsenic, the depth of the bed, and the type of material used. For an initial arsenic concentration of 5 mg/L, columns containing 85 cm of calcined laterite, sandstone, and shale produced volumes of 7460 ml (1492 min), 3510 ml (702 min), and 4400 ml (880 min) of water with arsenic levels below 0.01 mg/L, respectively. These calcined materials demonstrate significant potential for the effective removal of arsenic from water.展开更多
N-methyl-pyrrolidone(NMP)is an important solvent for the production of lithium batteries,which causes environmental pollution and wastes resources if it is directly discharged.The current commonly used vacuum distilla...N-methyl-pyrrolidone(NMP)is an important solvent for the production of lithium batteries,which causes environmental pollution and wastes resources if it is directly discharged.The current commonly used vacuum distillation recovery process suffers from high operating costs and high energy consumption.Therefore,this paper proposes a coupled pervaporation-adsorption(PV-A)process to recover NMP solvents from lithium battery production waste streams.In this process,pervaporation is used to dewater the NMP waste liquid,it was found that the water content in the raw material liquid decreased from the initial 8.3%(mass)to 0.14%(mass)after 400 min of dewatering,but the membrane separation performance decreased significantly when the water content of the raw material liquid decreased to 0.45%(mass),and at the same time,the NMP loss rate increased rapidly.An adsorption process was used to remove trace water from the remaining liquid,and the water content in the feed liquid under the optimal adsorption process conditions was reduced from 0.45%(mass)to 0.014%,which fully meets the purity requirements of electronics-grade NMP for the production of lithium batteries.Steady-state modeling and techno-economic evaluation of the proposed coupled process were carried out,and compared with vacuum distillation and pervaporation technologies,the results showed the PV-A process yielded the best techno-economic performance and the lowest environmental impact,and it can be used as an alternative process to the traditional NMP recycling technology.This study provides a new method for the recycling of NMP in the lithium battery industry.展开更多
In observation of efficiently utilizing the boil off gas(BOG)from onboard liquefied natural gas(LNG),storage by adsorption is employed to construct an auxiliary system for fuel storage.A typical LNG powered ship was s...In observation of efficiently utilizing the boil off gas(BOG)from onboard liquefied natural gas(LNG),storage by adsorption is employed to construct an auxiliary system for fuel storage.A typical LNG powered ship was selected,and the storage by adsorption system was designed as per the amount of BOG released during the process of charging and that from daily evaporation on the LNG storage tank.Researches were conducted experimentally and numerically on a 1 L conformable vessel typically designed for adsorbing BOG.Verification of the accuracy of the results from simulations was performed by comparing the data recorded during the charging and discharging process of methane on the vessel packed with one kind of commercially available activated carbon SAC-01(S_(BET)=1507 m^(2)·g^(-1)).Simulations were conducted further to evaluate the performance of the vessel respectively filled with activated carbon AX-21,HKUST-1,MIL-101(Cr),MOF-5.It shows that the mean relative error between the data from simulations and the experimental data is less than 5%.Results also reveal that,within the flow rates range in correspondence with the fuel consumed by the model ship's power unit under its typical working conditions,the mean temperature fluctuation within the vessel is the weakest while packing HKUST-1,which results in the largest accumulated amount of discharge.It suggests that HKUST-1 is a suitable adsorbent for storage by adsorption of BOG from on board LNG.展开更多
Solar-driven H_(2)O_(2) production through artificial photosynthesis presents a promising alternative to anthraquinone,given its lower energy consumption and eco-friendly nature[1-3].However,its catalytic performance ...Solar-driven H_(2)O_(2) production through artificial photosynthesis presents a promising alternative to anthraquinone,given its lower energy consumption and eco-friendly nature[1-3].However,its catalytic performance is severely restricted by the inefficient separation of photogenerated carriers and interface reactions[4,5].展开更多
Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries with high energy density suffer from the soluble lithium polysulfide species,Traditional metal sulfides containing a single metal element used as electrocatalysts for Li-S batteries commo...Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries with high energy density suffer from the soluble lithium polysulfide species,Traditional metal sulfides containing a single metal element used as electrocatalysts for Li-S batteries commonly have limited catalytic abilities to improve battery performance.Herein,based on the Hume-Rothery rule and solvothermal method,the high-entropy sulfide NiCoCuTiVS_(x)derived from Co_(9)S_(8)was designed and synthesized,to realize the combination of small local strain and excellent catalytic performance.With all five metal elements(Ni,Co,Cu,Ti,and V)capable of chemical interactions with soluble polysulfides,NiCoCuTiVS_(x)exhibited strong chemical confinement of polysulfides and promoted fast kinetics for polysulfides conversion.Consequently,the S/NiCoCuTiVS_(x)cathode can maintain a high discharge capacity of 968.9 mA h g^(-1)after 200 cycles at 0.5 C and its capacity retention is 1.3 times higher than that of S/Co_(9)S_(8).The improved cycle stability can be attributed to the synergistic effect originating from the multiple metal elements,coupled with the reduced nucleation and activation barriers of Li_(2)S.The present work opens a path to explore novel electrocatalyst materials based on high entropy materials for the achievement of advanced Li-S batteries.展开更多
The objective of this study was to identify and synthesize functional groups for the efficient adsorption of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)through a combination of theoretical calculations,molecular design,and exper...The objective of this study was to identify and synthesize functional groups for the efficient adsorption of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)through a combination of theoretical calculations,molecular design,and experimental validation.The density functional theory(DFT)calculation,focusing on the P-containing functional groups,showed that methanol adsorption was dominated by the electrostatic interaction between the carbon surface and methanol,while toluene was mainly trapped through π-π dispersive interaction between toluene molecule and functional group structure.The experimental results showed the phosphorus-doped carbon materials(PCAC)prepared by directly activating potassium phytate had a phosphorus content of up to 4.5%(atom),mainly in the form of C-O-P(O)(OH)_(2).The material exhibited a high specific area(987.6m^(2)·g^(-1))and a large adsorption capacity for methanol(440.0 mg·g^(-1))and toluene(350.1 mg·g^(-1)).These properties were superior to those of the specific commercial activated carbon(CAC)sample used for comparison in this study.The adsorption efficiencies per unit specific surface area of PCAC were 0.45 mg·g^(-1) m^(-2) for methanol and 0.35 mg·g^(-1)·m^(-2) for toluene.This study provided a novel theoretical and experimental framework for the molecular design of polarized elements to enhance the adsorption of polar gases,offering significant advancements over existing commercial solutions.展开更多
This study addresses the challenges posed by dispersive soil in various engineering fields,including hydraulic and agricultural engineering,by exploring the effects of physical adsorption on soil modification.The prim...This study addresses the challenges posed by dispersive soil in various engineering fields,including hydraulic and agricultural engineering,by exploring the effects of physical adsorption on soil modification.The primary objective is to identify an environmentally friendly stabilizer that can alleviate cracking and erosion resulting from soil dispersivity.Activated carbon(AC),known for its porous nature,was examined for its potential to enhance soil strength and erosion resistance.The charge neutralization process was evaluated by monitoring pH and conductivity,in addition to a comprehensive analysis of microscopic and mineral properties.The results show that high sodium levels or low clay contents result in the dispersive nature of soil in water.However,the incorporation of AC can transform such soil into a non-dispersive state.Moreover,both soil strength and erosion resistance exhibited enhancements with increasing AC content and curing duration.The incorporation of AC resulted in a maximum 5.6-fold increase in unconfined compressive strength and a 1.8-fold increase in tensile strength for dispersive soil.Notably,a significant correlation was observed during the curing phase among soil dispersivity,mechanical properties,and pH values.Microscopic analyses revealed that the porous structure of AC facilitated a filling effect and enhanced adsorption capacity,which contributed to improved soil characteristics and reduced dispersivity.The release of hydrogen ions and the formation of aggregates promote water stability.Validation tests conducted on dispersive soil from northern Shaanxi demonstrated the efficacy of physical adsorption using AC as a viable method for modifying dispersive soil in the water conservancy hub.展开更多
New stared compounds including norfloxacin fragments were prepared via a multi-step route,which were employed as the target corrosion inhibitors(TCIs)for mild steel in 1 mol/L HCl solution.For comparisons,the linear c...New stared compounds including norfloxacin fragments were prepared via a multi-step route,which were employed as the target corrosion inhibitors(TCIs)for mild steel in 1 mol/L HCl solution.For comparisons,the linear compounds including a single norfloxacin part employed as the reference corrosion inhibitors(RCIs)were synthesized.The molecular structures of the stared compounds were confirmed.The material simulation calculations suggest the presence of large binding energies of the stared compounds on mild steel surface.The enhanced chemisorption of the stared compounds on mild steel surface was demonstrated,which could be resulted by the chemical complexion of the target stared molecules with iron atoms.The reinforced adsorption of the target compounds on mild steel surface was investigated by atomic force microscopy(AFM)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The electrochemical analyses reveal the super protection of the TCIs for mild steel in HCl solution,and the anticorrosion efficiency reaches 96.45%(TCI1,0.050 mM)and 96.61%(TCI2,0.010 mM)at 298 K.展开更多
The adsorption of phosphate was conducted by the complex of chitosan/polyacrylamide/ferric(CS/PAM/Fe(Ⅲ))prepared.The SEM images and XPS spectra confirmed the successful adsorption of phosphate.The adsorption process ...The adsorption of phosphate was conducted by the complex of chitosan/polyacrylamide/ferric(CS/PAM/Fe(Ⅲ))prepared.The SEM images and XPS spectra confirmed the successful adsorption of phosphate.The adsorption process was studied by varying the influencing aspects like pH,co-existing ions,contact time,and initial phosphate concentration.The experimental results indicate that the adsorptive capacity decreases with the increase of pH.However,it is commendable that there is still a adsorption capacity of more than 5 mg/g when the pH is 8-11.The adsorption kinetics can be accurately described by the pseudo-second-order model and is controlled by both chemisorption and surface diffusion.The adsorption process is a single layer adsorption.This paper proposed that the adsorption mechanism of CS/PAM/Fe(Ⅲ)complex is the joint action of electrostatic attraction and ligand exchange.展开更多
In this study,Schwertmannite,Akaganéite and ammoniojarosite were biosynthesized by different bacteria and characterized.The results showed that bacteria are critical in mediating the mineral formation process:the...In this study,Schwertmannite,Akaganéite and ammoniojarosite were biosynthesized by different bacteria and characterized.The results showed that bacteria are critical in mediating the mineral formation process:the morphology,crystallinity,grain size and specific surface area of each mineral varied upon different bacteria and culturing conditions.In addition,the formed minerals’elemental composition and group disparity lead to different morphology,crystallinity and subsequent adsorption performance.In particular,adsorption difference existed in iron minerals biosynthesized by different bacteria.The maximal adsorption capacities of Akaganéite,Schwertmannite and ammoniojarosite were 26.6 mg/g,17.5 mg/g and 3.90 mg/g respectively.Cr(VI)adsorption on iron-minerals involves hydrogen bonding,electrostatic interaction,and ligand exchange.The adsorption only occurred on the surface of ammoniojarosite,while for Akaganéite and Schwertmannite,the tunnel structure greatly facilitated the adsorption process and improved adsorption capacity.Thus,the molecular structure is the primary determining factor for adsorption performance.Collectively,the results can provide useful information in selecting suitable bacteria for synthesizing heavy-metal scavenging minerals according to different environmental conditions.展开更多
The capture of CO_(2)from CO_(2)/H_(2)gas mixtures in syngas is a crucial issue for hydrogen production from steam methane reforming in industry,as the presence of CO_(2)directly affects the purity of H_(2).A combinat...The capture of CO_(2)from CO_(2)/H_(2)gas mixtures in syngas is a crucial issue for hydrogen production from steam methane reforming in industry,as the presence of CO_(2)directly affects the purity of H_(2).A combination of a high-throughput screening method and grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation was utilized to evaluate and screen 1725 metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)in detail as a means of determining their adsorption performance for CO_(2)/H_(2)gas mixtures.The adsorption and separation performance of double-linker MOFs was comprehensively evaluated using eight evaluation indicators,namely,the largest cavity diameter,accessible surface area,pore occupied accessible volume,porosity,adsorption selectivity,working capacity,adsorbent performance score and percent regeneration.Six optimal performance frameworks were screened to further study their single-component adsorption and binary competitive adsorption of CO_(2)/H_(2)respectively.The CO_(2)adsorption selectivity at different CO_(2)/H_(2)feed ratios was also evaluated,which indicated their excellent adsorption and separation performance.The microscopic adsorption mechanisms for CO_(2)and H_(2)at the molecular level were investigated by analyzing the radial distribution function and density distribution.This study may provide directional guidance and reference for subsequent experiments on the adsorption and separation of CO_(2)/H_(2).展开更多
Adsorption-photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in water is an advantageous method for environmental purification.Herein,a feasible strategy is developed to construct a novel dual S-scheme heterojunctions ...Adsorption-photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in water is an advantageous method for environmental purification.Herein,a feasible strategy is developed to construct a novel dual S-scheme heterojunctions Cu_(7)S_(4)-TiO_(2)-conjugated polymer with a donor-acceptor structure.There are abundant adsorption active sites for adsorption in the porous structure of the composites,which can rapidly capture pollutants through hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions.In addition,the dual S-scheme heterojunctions effectively improve carrier separation while maintaining a strong redox ability.Thus,the optimized 1.5% CST-130 catalysts can adsorb 71% of 20 ppm BPA in 15 min and completely remove it within 30 min with high adsorption capacity and photodegradation efficiency.Therefore,this study provides a new inspiration for synergistic adsorption and degradation of BPA and the construction of dual S-scheme heterojunction.展开更多
In light of the burgeoning energy technology sector and the ever-growing demand for lithium across diverse industrial domains,conventional lithium extraction methods have been proven inadequate due to their limited pr...In light of the burgeoning energy technology sector and the ever-growing demand for lithium across diverse industrial domains,conventional lithium extraction methods have been proven inadequate due to their limited production capacity and high operational costs.This work introduces a novel approach to the manganese-titanium based composite HMTO(Mn:Ti=1:4)lithium ion-sieve(LIS)nanospheres,employing lithium acetate dihydrate,manganese carbonate and titanium dioxide P25 as the primary materials.These nanospheres exhibit relatively uniform spherical morphology,narrow size distribution,small average particle size(ca.55 nm),large specific surface area(43.58 m^(2)g^(-1))and high surface O_(2)-content(59.01%).When utilized as the adsorbents for Li^(+)ions,the HMTO(Mn:Ti=1:4)LIS demonstrates a fast adsorption rate,approaching equilibrium within 6.0 h with an equilibrium adsorption capacity(qe)of 79.5 mg g^(-1)and a maximum adsorption capacity(qm)of 87.26 mg g^(-1)(initial concentration CO:1.8 g L^(-1)).In addition,the HMTO(Mn:Ti=1:4)also delivers a high lithium extraction from the simulated high magnesium-lithium molar ratio salt lake brine(Mg:Li=103),achieving a qeof 33.85 mg g^(-1)along with a remarkable selectivity(α_(Mg)^(Li)=2192.76).Particularly,the HMTO(Mn:Ti=1:4)LIS showcases a satisfactory recycling adsorption performance.The adsorption capacity remains at a high level,even that determined after the 5th cycle(55.45 mg g^(-1))surpasses that of the most recently reported adsorbents.Ultimately,the fantastic synergistic lithium adsorption mechanism is deliberately uncovered by leveraging the ion exchange principles and molecular dynamics(MD)simulations.展开更多
The degradation performance of pervious concrete containing TiO_(2)/LDHs-loaded recycled aggregates for NO gas was analyzed using a gas phase catalytic degradation test device,simulating different environmental condit...The degradation performance of pervious concrete containing TiO_(2)/LDHs-loaded recycled aggregates for NO gas was analyzed using a gas phase catalytic degradation test device,simulating different environmental conditions such as load,ambient temperature,and illumination intensity,which provides theoretical support for practical engineering.The experimental results indicate that when the ambient temperature is controlled at 25℃and the illumination intensity is 30 W/m^(2),the sample prepared by soaking recycled aggregates in a 0.8%TiO_(2)/LDHs suspension exhibits the highest photocatalytic degradation rate for NO gas,reaching 72.54%.Further investigation on the influence of environmental temperature reveals that,at 25℃,the maximum photocatalytic degradation rate for NO gas is 72.9%.Moreover,at an illumination intensity of 40 W/m^(2),the maximum photocatalytic degradation rate for NO gas is 87.08%.Additionally,after three repeated photocatalytic tests,the sample demonstrates good stability,with a photocatalytic degradation rate of 58%.The nitrogen content in the eluent obtained from soaking the sample was determined to be 0.0022 mol/L,with a recovery rate of 80%.The adsorption experiment demonstrates that the sample exhibits a favorable adsorption effect on nitrate ions,reaching a maximum of 56.8%.展开更多
Electrocatalytic urea wastewater treatment technology has emerged as a promising method for environmental remediation.However,the realization of highly efficient and scalable electrocatalytic urea wastewater treatment...Electrocatalytic urea wastewater treatment technology has emerged as a promising method for environmental remediation.However,the realization of highly efficient and scalable electrocatalytic urea wastewater treatment(SEUWT)is still an enormous challenge.Herein,through regulating the adsorption behavior of urea functional groups,the efficient SEUWT coupled hydrogen production is realized in anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer(AEMWE).Density functional theory calculations indicate that self-driven electron transfer at the heterogeneous interface(NiO/Co_(3)O_(4))can induce charge redistribution,resulting in electron-rich NiO and electron-deficient Co_(3)O_(4),which are superior to adsorbing C=O(electron-withdrawing group)and–NH_(2)(electron-donating group),respectively,regulating the adsorption behavior of urea molecule and accelerating the reaction kinetics of urea oxidation.This viewpoint is further verified by temperature-programmed desorption experiments.The SEUWT coupled hydrogen production in AEMWE assembled with NiO/Co_(3)O_(4)(anode)and NiCoP(cathode)can continuously treat urea wastewater at an initial current density of 600 mA cm^(-2),with the average urea treatment efficiency about 53%.Compared with overall water splitting,the H_(2) production rate(8.33 mmol s^(-1))increases by approximately 3.5 times.This work provides a cost-effective strategy for scalable purifying urea-rich wastewater and energy-saving hydrogen production.展开更多
The adsorption kinetics of polystyrene[1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium][bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinate](PS[C_(4)mim][C272])towards V(V)in acidic leachate was explored under ultrasound.The effects of ultrasonic powe...The adsorption kinetics of polystyrene[1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium][bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinate](PS[C_(4)mim][C272])towards V(V)in acidic leachate was explored under ultrasound.The effects of ultrasonic power and V(V)concentration on the adsorption performance of PS[C_(4)mim][C272]were investigated.The results showed that ultrasonic radiation significantly shortened the adsorption equilibrium time and improved the adsorption performance of PS[C_(4)mim][C272]compared with the conventional oscillation.At an ultrasonic power of 200 W,the equilibrium adsorption capacity of PS[C_(4)mim][C272]reached its maximum of 311.58 mg/g.The kinetic model fitting results showed that the adsorption process of PS[C_(4)mim][C272]strictly followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model under ultrasound.Analysis using the shrinking core model and the Weber−Morris model showed that the adsorption process of PS[C_(4)mim][C272]was primarily controlled by intra-particle diffusion mechanism.The adsorption isotherm model study showed that the Langmuir isotherm model could effectively fit the adsorption process of PS[C_(4)mim][C272]under ultrasound.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51674209)Sichuan Province Youth Science and Technology Innovation Team(2021JDTD0017).
文摘Static adsorption and dynamic damage experiments were carried out on typical 8#deep coal rock of the Carboniferous Benxi Formation in the Ordos Basin,NW China,to evaluate the adsorption capacity of hydroxypropyl guar gum and polyacrylamide as fracturing fluid thickeners on deep coal rock surface and the permeability damage caused by adsorption.The adsorption morphology of the thickener was quantitatively characterized by atomic force microscopy,and the main controlling factors of the thickener adsorption were analyzed.Meanwhile,the adsorption mechanism of the thickener was revealed by Zeta potential,Fourier infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.The results show that the adsorption capacity of hydroxypropyl guar gum on deep coal surface is 3.86 mg/g,and the permeability of coal rock after adsorption decreases by 35.24%–37.01%.The adsorption capacity of polyacrylamide is 3.29 mg/g,and the permeability of coal rock after adsorption decreases by 14.31%–21.93%.The thickness of the thickener adsorption layer is positively correlated with the mass fraction of thickener and negatively correlated with temperature,and a decrease in pH will reduce the thickness of the hydroxypropyl guar gum adsorption layer and make the distribution frequency of the thickness of polyacrylamide adsorption layer more concentrated.Functional group condensation and intermolecular force are chemical and physical forces for adsorbing fracturing fluid thickener in deep coal rock.Optimization of thickener mass fraction,chemical modification of thickener molecular,oxidative thermal degradation of polymer and addition of desorption agent can reduce the potential damages on micro-nano pores and cracks in coal rock.
文摘Since the discovery of carbon dots(CDs)in 2004,the unique photoluminescence phenomenon of CDs has attracted widespread attention.However,the molecular weight of CDs has not been adequately quantified at present,due to CDs are atomically imprecise and their molecular weight distribution is broad.In this paper,a series of Pluronic-modified CDs were prepared and the structure of the CDs was briefly analyzed.Subsequently,a molecular weight measurement method based on colligative properties was developed,and the correction coefficient in the algorithm was briefly analyzed.The calculated molecular weight was applied to the determination of surface adsorption capacity.This work provided a method for averaging the molecular weight of atomically imprecise particulate materials,which is expected to provide new opportunities in related fields.
文摘Water contamination in areas of formal and informal polymetallic mining is a growing concern in the Peruvian highlands. At the same time, there are agricultural activities that use contaminated water from these rivers for irrigation. This could contaminate the agricultural products grown on these lands, such as potatoes. It is, therefore, necessary and a priority to determine the adsorption characteristics of these derivatives and to be able to use these natural adsorbents to decontaminate water contaminated with heavy metals.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFD2401105)the Fujian Science and Technology Planning ProjectSTS Program(No.2021T3013)。
文摘Dye wastewater poses a significant threat to aquatic organisms due to its high toxicity.Reducing or eliminating the dye waste from the water is necessary for a healthy and sustainable aquaculture.This study investigated the adsorption properties of Congo red dye on Mytilus edulis shell powders prepared by calcination at 500℃,700℃,and 900℃.The modified shell powder products were analyzed by SEM(scanning eletron microscopy)and FTIR(fourier transform infrared spectroscopy)for the morphology and structural characterization.The effects of different calcination temperatures,reaction times,reaction temperatures,and initial concentration of Congo red on the adsorption properties were investigated.The adsorption kinetics and isothermal adsorption models were also established.The results revealed that the shell powder calcinated at 900℃showed the best adsorption capacity on Congo red from aqueous solution.The adsorption reaction reached equilibrium after 150 min and followed by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model.At 25℃,96.2%of the Congo red in the solution could be removed,and the adsorption capacity could reach at least 1015 mg g^(–1).The adsorption isotherm is fit with the Freundlich model,indicating a multiphase adsorption process.These results are helpful for cleaning and treating printing and dyeing effluents as well as high-value utilization of shell waste resources.
文摘The removal of arsenic from water is essential for the protection of public health. To investigate the adsorption capabilities of laterite, sandstone, and shale for the removal of arsenic from aqueous solutions, column experiments were conducted. In this study, raw materials and heat-treated (calcined) materials were examined. The experiments assessed the influence of various parameters, including initial concentration, bed depth, and the effects of heat treatment. The findings revealed that the breakthrough curves were influenced by the initial concentration of arsenic, the depth of the bed, and the type of material used. For an initial arsenic concentration of 5 mg/L, columns containing 85 cm of calcined laterite, sandstone, and shale produced volumes of 7460 ml (1492 min), 3510 ml (702 min), and 4400 ml (880 min) of water with arsenic levels below 0.01 mg/L, respectively. These calcined materials demonstrate significant potential for the effective removal of arsenic from water.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Gansu Province(23YFGA0051)the Industrial Support Program for Higher Education Institutions of Gansu Province(2024CYZC-17).
文摘N-methyl-pyrrolidone(NMP)is an important solvent for the production of lithium batteries,which causes environmental pollution and wastes resources if it is directly discharged.The current commonly used vacuum distillation recovery process suffers from high operating costs and high energy consumption.Therefore,this paper proposes a coupled pervaporation-adsorption(PV-A)process to recover NMP solvents from lithium battery production waste streams.In this process,pervaporation is used to dewater the NMP waste liquid,it was found that the water content in the raw material liquid decreased from the initial 8.3%(mass)to 0.14%(mass)after 400 min of dewatering,but the membrane separation performance decreased significantly when the water content of the raw material liquid decreased to 0.45%(mass),and at the same time,the NMP loss rate increased rapidly.An adsorption process was used to remove trace water from the remaining liquid,and the water content in the feed liquid under the optimal adsorption process conditions was reduced from 0.45%(mass)to 0.014%,which fully meets the purity requirements of electronics-grade NMP for the production of lithium batteries.Steady-state modeling and techno-economic evaluation of the proposed coupled process were carried out,and compared with vacuum distillation and pervaporation technologies,the results showed the PV-A process yielded the best techno-economic performance and the lowest environmental impact,and it can be used as an alternative process to the traditional NMP recycling technology.This study provides a new method for the recycling of NMP in the lithium battery industry.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51979121)Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2024J01713,2023J01905)+1 种基金Xiamen Municipal Bureau of Sciences&Technology(3502Z20226011)Educational scientific research project for young and middle-aged teachers in Fujian Province(JAT210300).
文摘In observation of efficiently utilizing the boil off gas(BOG)from onboard liquefied natural gas(LNG),storage by adsorption is employed to construct an auxiliary system for fuel storage.A typical LNG powered ship was selected,and the storage by adsorption system was designed as per the amount of BOG released during the process of charging and that from daily evaporation on the LNG storage tank.Researches were conducted experimentally and numerically on a 1 L conformable vessel typically designed for adsorbing BOG.Verification of the accuracy of the results from simulations was performed by comparing the data recorded during the charging and discharging process of methane on the vessel packed with one kind of commercially available activated carbon SAC-01(S_(BET)=1507 m^(2)·g^(-1)).Simulations were conducted further to evaluate the performance of the vessel respectively filled with activated carbon AX-21,HKUST-1,MIL-101(Cr),MOF-5.It shows that the mean relative error between the data from simulations and the experimental data is less than 5%.Results also reveal that,within the flow rates range in correspondence with the fuel consumed by the model ship's power unit under its typical working conditions,the mean temperature fluctuation within the vessel is the weakest while packing HKUST-1,which results in the largest accumulated amount of discharge.It suggests that HKUST-1 is a suitable adsorbent for storage by adsorption of BOG from on board LNG.
文摘Solar-driven H_(2)O_(2) production through artificial photosynthesis presents a promising alternative to anthraquinone,given its lower energy consumption and eco-friendly nature[1-3].However,its catalytic performance is severely restricted by the inefficient separation of photogenerated carriers and interface reactions[4,5].
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20113,52261135543)。
文摘Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries with high energy density suffer from the soluble lithium polysulfide species,Traditional metal sulfides containing a single metal element used as electrocatalysts for Li-S batteries commonly have limited catalytic abilities to improve battery performance.Herein,based on the Hume-Rothery rule and solvothermal method,the high-entropy sulfide NiCoCuTiVS_(x)derived from Co_(9)S_(8)was designed and synthesized,to realize the combination of small local strain and excellent catalytic performance.With all five metal elements(Ni,Co,Cu,Ti,and V)capable of chemical interactions with soluble polysulfides,NiCoCuTiVS_(x)exhibited strong chemical confinement of polysulfides and promoted fast kinetics for polysulfides conversion.Consequently,the S/NiCoCuTiVS_(x)cathode can maintain a high discharge capacity of 968.9 mA h g^(-1)after 200 cycles at 0.5 C and its capacity retention is 1.3 times higher than that of S/Co_(9)S_(8).The improved cycle stability can be attributed to the synergistic effect originating from the multiple metal elements,coupled with the reduced nucleation and activation barriers of Li_(2)S.The present work opens a path to explore novel electrocatalyst materials based on high entropy materials for the achievement of advanced Li-S batteries.
基金supported by the Open Project of Xiangjiang Laboratory(22XJ03026)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72004060)+3 种基金the Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2022JJ30015)the Scientific Research Project of Hunan Education Department,China(23A0457)Environmental Protection Scientific Research Project of Hunan Province(HBKT-2021021)the“Digital-intelligencet”interdisciplinary research project of Hunan University of Technology and Business(2023SZJ22).
文摘The objective of this study was to identify and synthesize functional groups for the efficient adsorption of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)through a combination of theoretical calculations,molecular design,and experimental validation.The density functional theory(DFT)calculation,focusing on the P-containing functional groups,showed that methanol adsorption was dominated by the electrostatic interaction between the carbon surface and methanol,while toluene was mainly trapped through π-π dispersive interaction between toluene molecule and functional group structure.The experimental results showed the phosphorus-doped carbon materials(PCAC)prepared by directly activating potassium phytate had a phosphorus content of up to 4.5%(atom),mainly in the form of C-O-P(O)(OH)_(2).The material exhibited a high specific area(987.6m^(2)·g^(-1))and a large adsorption capacity for methanol(440.0 mg·g^(-1))and toluene(350.1 mg·g^(-1)).These properties were superior to those of the specific commercial activated carbon(CAC)sample used for comparison in this study.The adsorption efficiencies per unit specific surface area of PCAC were 0.45 mg·g^(-1) m^(-2) for methanol and 0.35 mg·g^(-1)·m^(-2) for toluene.This study provided a novel theoretical and experimental framework for the molecular design of polarized elements to enhance the adsorption of polar gases,offering significant advancements over existing commercial solutions.
基金financially supported by the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(Grant No.BX20200287)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52079116 and 52378322).
文摘This study addresses the challenges posed by dispersive soil in various engineering fields,including hydraulic and agricultural engineering,by exploring the effects of physical adsorption on soil modification.The primary objective is to identify an environmentally friendly stabilizer that can alleviate cracking and erosion resulting from soil dispersivity.Activated carbon(AC),known for its porous nature,was examined for its potential to enhance soil strength and erosion resistance.The charge neutralization process was evaluated by monitoring pH and conductivity,in addition to a comprehensive analysis of microscopic and mineral properties.The results show that high sodium levels or low clay contents result in the dispersive nature of soil in water.However,the incorporation of AC can transform such soil into a non-dispersive state.Moreover,both soil strength and erosion resistance exhibited enhancements with increasing AC content and curing duration.The incorporation of AC resulted in a maximum 5.6-fold increase in unconfined compressive strength and a 1.8-fold increase in tensile strength for dispersive soil.Notably,a significant correlation was observed during the curing phase among soil dispersivity,mechanical properties,and pH values.Microscopic analyses revealed that the porous structure of AC facilitated a filling effect and enhanced adsorption capacity,which contributed to improved soil characteristics and reduced dispersivity.The release of hydrogen ions and the formation of aggregates promote water stability.Validation tests conducted on dispersive soil from northern Shaanxi demonstrated the efficacy of physical adsorption using AC as a viable method for modifying dispersive soil in the water conservancy hub.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)of China(No.21878029)the Chongqing Science and Technology Commission(Nos.2022NSCQ-MSX1298 and CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX0345)。
文摘New stared compounds including norfloxacin fragments were prepared via a multi-step route,which were employed as the target corrosion inhibitors(TCIs)for mild steel in 1 mol/L HCl solution.For comparisons,the linear compounds including a single norfloxacin part employed as the reference corrosion inhibitors(RCIs)were synthesized.The molecular structures of the stared compounds were confirmed.The material simulation calculations suggest the presence of large binding energies of the stared compounds on mild steel surface.The enhanced chemisorption of the stared compounds on mild steel surface was demonstrated,which could be resulted by the chemical complexion of the target stared molecules with iron atoms.The reinforced adsorption of the target compounds on mild steel surface was investigated by atomic force microscopy(AFM)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The electrochemical analyses reveal the super protection of the TCIs for mild steel in HCl solution,and the anticorrosion efficiency reaches 96.45%(TCI1,0.050 mM)and 96.61%(TCI2,0.010 mM)at 298 K.
基金Funded by the Provincial Natural Science Foundation for Universities of AnhuiChina(No.KJ2021A0624)+1 种基金the Director's Fund of Anhui Province Advanced Building Materials International Research Center(No.JZCL2207ZR)the Anhui Jianzhu University Talent Introduction and Doctoral Start-up Fund(No.2023QDZ23)。
文摘The adsorption of phosphate was conducted by the complex of chitosan/polyacrylamide/ferric(CS/PAM/Fe(Ⅲ))prepared.The SEM images and XPS spectra confirmed the successful adsorption of phosphate.The adsorption process was studied by varying the influencing aspects like pH,co-existing ions,contact time,and initial phosphate concentration.The experimental results indicate that the adsorptive capacity decreases with the increase of pH.However,it is commendable that there is still a adsorption capacity of more than 5 mg/g when the pH is 8-11.The adsorption kinetics can be accurately described by the pseudo-second-order model and is controlled by both chemisorption and surface diffusion.The adsorption process is a single layer adsorption.This paper proposed that the adsorption mechanism of CS/PAM/Fe(Ⅲ)complex is the joint action of electrostatic attraction and ligand exchange.
基金Project(42277256)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(HBKT-2021011,HBKT-2021014)supported by the Hunan Province Environmental Protection Research Program,ChinaProject(CDSKY-2023-05)supported by the Scientific Research of Project Hunan Provincial Urban Geological Survey and Monitoring Institute,China。
文摘In this study,Schwertmannite,Akaganéite and ammoniojarosite were biosynthesized by different bacteria and characterized.The results showed that bacteria are critical in mediating the mineral formation process:the morphology,crystallinity,grain size and specific surface area of each mineral varied upon different bacteria and culturing conditions.In addition,the formed minerals’elemental composition and group disparity lead to different morphology,crystallinity and subsequent adsorption performance.In particular,adsorption difference existed in iron minerals biosynthesized by different bacteria.The maximal adsorption capacities of Akaganéite,Schwertmannite and ammoniojarosite were 26.6 mg/g,17.5 mg/g and 3.90 mg/g respectively.Cr(VI)adsorption on iron-minerals involves hydrogen bonding,electrostatic interaction,and ligand exchange.The adsorption only occurred on the surface of ammoniojarosite,while for Akaganéite and Schwertmannite,the tunnel structure greatly facilitated the adsorption process and improved adsorption capacity.Thus,the molecular structure is the primary determining factor for adsorption performance.Collectively,the results can provide useful information in selecting suitable bacteria for synthesizing heavy-metal scavenging minerals according to different environmental conditions.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11304079,11404094,and 11504088)Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Science and Technology Department(Grant No.182102410076)。
文摘The capture of CO_(2)from CO_(2)/H_(2)gas mixtures in syngas is a crucial issue for hydrogen production from steam methane reforming in industry,as the presence of CO_(2)directly affects the purity of H_(2).A combination of a high-throughput screening method and grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation was utilized to evaluate and screen 1725 metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)in detail as a means of determining their adsorption performance for CO_(2)/H_(2)gas mixtures.The adsorption and separation performance of double-linker MOFs was comprehensively evaluated using eight evaluation indicators,namely,the largest cavity diameter,accessible surface area,pore occupied accessible volume,porosity,adsorption selectivity,working capacity,adsorbent performance score and percent regeneration.Six optimal performance frameworks were screened to further study their single-component adsorption and binary competitive adsorption of CO_(2)/H_(2)respectively.The CO_(2)adsorption selectivity at different CO_(2)/H_(2)feed ratios was also evaluated,which indicated their excellent adsorption and separation performance.The microscopic adsorption mechanisms for CO_(2)and H_(2)at the molecular level were investigated by analyzing the radial distribution function and density distribution.This study may provide directional guidance and reference for subsequent experiments on the adsorption and separation of CO_(2)/H_(2).
基金supports provided by the National Key R&D Program of China (2020YFC1808401, 2020YFC1808403)National Natural Science Foundation of China (22078213, 21938006, 51973148)+3 种基金Basic Research Project of Cutting-Edge Technology in Jiangsu Province, China (BK20202012)Prospective Application Research Project of Suzhou, China (SYC2022042)Water Research and Technology Project of Suzhou, China (2022006)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, China (PAPD)。
文摘Adsorption-photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in water is an advantageous method for environmental purification.Herein,a feasible strategy is developed to construct a novel dual S-scheme heterojunctions Cu_(7)S_(4)-TiO_(2)-conjugated polymer with a donor-acceptor structure.There are abundant adsorption active sites for adsorption in the porous structure of the composites,which can rapidly capture pollutants through hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions.In addition,the dual S-scheme heterojunctions effectively improve carrier separation while maintaining a strong redox ability.Thus,the optimized 1.5% CST-130 catalysts can adsorb 71% of 20 ppm BPA in 15 min and completely remove it within 30 min with high adsorption capacity and photodegradation efficiency.Therefore,this study provides a new inspiration for synergistic adsorption and degradation of BPA and the construction of dual S-scheme heterojunction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22075304,22378390)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(ZR2022MB075)+2 种基金State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites(oic-202401016)State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering(SKL-ChE-24A02)Beijing Natural Science Foundation,China(3222050).
文摘In light of the burgeoning energy technology sector and the ever-growing demand for lithium across diverse industrial domains,conventional lithium extraction methods have been proven inadequate due to their limited production capacity and high operational costs.This work introduces a novel approach to the manganese-titanium based composite HMTO(Mn:Ti=1:4)lithium ion-sieve(LIS)nanospheres,employing lithium acetate dihydrate,manganese carbonate and titanium dioxide P25 as the primary materials.These nanospheres exhibit relatively uniform spherical morphology,narrow size distribution,small average particle size(ca.55 nm),large specific surface area(43.58 m^(2)g^(-1))and high surface O_(2)-content(59.01%).When utilized as the adsorbents for Li^(+)ions,the HMTO(Mn:Ti=1:4)LIS demonstrates a fast adsorption rate,approaching equilibrium within 6.0 h with an equilibrium adsorption capacity(qe)of 79.5 mg g^(-1)and a maximum adsorption capacity(qm)of 87.26 mg g^(-1)(initial concentration CO:1.8 g L^(-1)).In addition,the HMTO(Mn:Ti=1:4)also delivers a high lithium extraction from the simulated high magnesium-lithium molar ratio salt lake brine(Mg:Li=103),achieving a qeof 33.85 mg g^(-1)along with a remarkable selectivity(α_(Mg)^(Li)=2192.76).Particularly,the HMTO(Mn:Ti=1:4)LIS showcases a satisfactory recycling adsorption performance.The adsorption capacity remains at a high level,even that determined after the 5th cycle(55.45 mg g^(-1))surpasses that of the most recently reported adsorbents.Ultimately,the fantastic synergistic lithium adsorption mechanism is deliberately uncovered by leveraging the ion exchange principles and molecular dynamics(MD)simulations.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52478281)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LZ22E080003)the Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Provincial Department of Transport(No.202225)。
文摘The degradation performance of pervious concrete containing TiO_(2)/LDHs-loaded recycled aggregates for NO gas was analyzed using a gas phase catalytic degradation test device,simulating different environmental conditions such as load,ambient temperature,and illumination intensity,which provides theoretical support for practical engineering.The experimental results indicate that when the ambient temperature is controlled at 25℃and the illumination intensity is 30 W/m^(2),the sample prepared by soaking recycled aggregates in a 0.8%TiO_(2)/LDHs suspension exhibits the highest photocatalytic degradation rate for NO gas,reaching 72.54%.Further investigation on the influence of environmental temperature reveals that,at 25℃,the maximum photocatalytic degradation rate for NO gas is 72.9%.Moreover,at an illumination intensity of 40 W/m^(2),the maximum photocatalytic degradation rate for NO gas is 87.08%.Additionally,after three repeated photocatalytic tests,the sample demonstrates good stability,with a photocatalytic degradation rate of 58%.The nitrogen content in the eluent obtained from soaking the sample was determined to be 0.0022 mol/L,with a recovery rate of 80%.The adsorption experiment demonstrates that the sample exhibits a favorable adsorption effect on nitrate ions,reaching a maximum of 56.8%.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22162025,22168040)the Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities,the Open and Innovation Fund of Hubei Three Gorges Laboratory(SK232001)the Regional Innovation Capability Leading Program of Shaanxi(2022QFY07-03,2022QFY07-06).
文摘Electrocatalytic urea wastewater treatment technology has emerged as a promising method for environmental remediation.However,the realization of highly efficient and scalable electrocatalytic urea wastewater treatment(SEUWT)is still an enormous challenge.Herein,through regulating the adsorption behavior of urea functional groups,the efficient SEUWT coupled hydrogen production is realized in anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer(AEMWE).Density functional theory calculations indicate that self-driven electron transfer at the heterogeneous interface(NiO/Co_(3)O_(4))can induce charge redistribution,resulting in electron-rich NiO and electron-deficient Co_(3)O_(4),which are superior to adsorbing C=O(electron-withdrawing group)and–NH_(2)(electron-donating group),respectively,regulating the adsorption behavior of urea molecule and accelerating the reaction kinetics of urea oxidation.This viewpoint is further verified by temperature-programmed desorption experiments.The SEUWT coupled hydrogen production in AEMWE assembled with NiO/Co_(3)O_(4)(anode)and NiCoP(cathode)can continuously treat urea wastewater at an initial current density of 600 mA cm^(-2),with the average urea treatment efficiency about 53%.Compared with overall water splitting,the H_(2) production rate(8.33 mmol s^(-1))increases by approximately 3.5 times.This work provides a cost-effective strategy for scalable purifying urea-rich wastewater and energy-saving hydrogen production.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52074204)Key R&D Program of Zhejiang Province,China(No.2022C03061)。
文摘The adsorption kinetics of polystyrene[1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium][bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinate](PS[C_(4)mim][C272])towards V(V)in acidic leachate was explored under ultrasound.The effects of ultrasonic power and V(V)concentration on the adsorption performance of PS[C_(4)mim][C272]were investigated.The results showed that ultrasonic radiation significantly shortened the adsorption equilibrium time and improved the adsorption performance of PS[C_(4)mim][C272]compared with the conventional oscillation.At an ultrasonic power of 200 W,the equilibrium adsorption capacity of PS[C_(4)mim][C272]reached its maximum of 311.58 mg/g.The kinetic model fitting results showed that the adsorption process of PS[C_(4)mim][C272]strictly followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model under ultrasound.Analysis using the shrinking core model and the Weber−Morris model showed that the adsorption process of PS[C_(4)mim][C272]was primarily controlled by intra-particle diffusion mechanism.The adsorption isotherm model study showed that the Langmuir isotherm model could effectively fit the adsorption process of PS[C_(4)mim][C272]under ultrasound.
