BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is characterized by a low 5-year survival rate.The prognosis is still not satisfactory although it has significantly improved due to developments in medicine.Thus,the identification of mor...BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is characterized by a low 5-year survival rate.The prognosis is still not satisfactory although it has significantly improved due to developments in medicine.Thus,the identification of more efficient indices for the evaluation of GC prognosis is required.We propose,for the first time,that the alkaline phosphatase(ALP)to prealbumin(PA)ratio(APR)can be used as an independent prognostic factor in GC.AIM To evaluate the prognostic value the APR in GC.METHODS According to the exclusion strategy,we collected the preoperative serologic examination results and clinical information of 409 GC patients treated in Shandong Provincial Hospital from January to December,2016.By calculating the APR,the neutrophil and lymphocyte ratio(NLR),C-reactive protein(CRP)and albumin(ALB)ratio,platelet and lymphocyte ratio,lymphocyte and monocyte ratio,and the relationship with clinical information,we verified the role of preoperative APR ratio in the prognosis of GC.In addition,we used a Cox model combined with the APR and tumor stage to demonstrate its efficacy in assessing the prognosis of GC patients.RESULTS Preoperative APR was an independent prognostic factor for GC.The median age of patients in the APR-high group was greater compared with that in the APR-low group.Patients with a higher APR had a more advanced clinical stage,higher neutrophil to lymphocyte,CRP to ALB,and platelet to lymphocyte ratios,but a lower lymphocyte to monocyte ratio(P<0.05).The APR-high group also had higher glycoprotein antigen 199 and carbohydrate antigen 125 levels than the APR-low group(P<0.05).Median overall survival and disease-free survival were significantly longer in the APR-low group than in the APR-high group.In addition,a Cox model based on the APR and tumor stage was more effective in evaluating the prognosis of patients than models based on stage alone or stage plus the NLR.CONCLUSION A higher APR is an independent and negative prognostic factor for GC.The prognosis of GC can be better evaluated using a Cox model based on the APR and stage.展开更多
Alkaline phosphatase(ALP) plays an integral role in the metabolism of liver and development of the skeleton in humans. To date, the interactions between different-duration terahertz(THz) radiation and ALP activities, ...Alkaline phosphatase(ALP) plays an integral role in the metabolism of liver and development of the skeleton in humans. To date, the interactions between different-duration terahertz(THz) radiation and ALP activities, as well as the influence mechanism are still unclear. In this study, using the para-nitro-phenyl-phosphate(p NPP) method, we detect changes in ALP activities during 40-minute THz radiation(0.1 THz, 13 m W/cm^2). It is found that the activity of ALP decreases in the first 25 min, and subsequently increases in the later 15 min. Compared with the activity of ALP being heated, the results suggest that short-term terahertz radiation induces a decrease in enzyme activity through the non-thermal mechanism. In order to explore the non-thermal effects of THz radiation on ALP, we focus on the impacts of 0.1 THz radiation for 20 min on the activity of ALP in different concentrations. The results reveal that the activity of ALP decreases significantly after exposure to THz radiation. In addition, it could be deduced from fluorescence, ultraviolet-visible(UV-vis), and THz spectra results that THz radiation has induced changes in ALP structures. Our study unlocks non-thermal interactions between THz radiation and ALP, as well as suggests that THz spectroscopy is a promising technique to distinguish ALP structures.展开更多
AIM: To investigate relapse predictors in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients with end-of-treatment response (ETR), after pegylated interferon-α (PegIFN-α) and ribavirin treatment. METHODS: In a retrospective study w...AIM: To investigate relapse predictors in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients with end-of-treatment response (ETR), after pegylated interferon-α (PegIFN-α) and ribavirin treatment. METHODS: In a retrospective study we evaluated a spectrum of predictors of relapse after PegIFN-α and ribavirin treatment in 86 CHC patients with ETR. Viral loads were determined with real-time reverse transcrip-tion polymerase chain reaction. Hepatitis C virus geno-typing was performed by sequencing analysis. Patients with genotype 1 were treated for 48 wk with 180 μg PegIFN-α2a or 1.5 μg/kg PegIFN-α2b once weekly plus ribavirin at a dosage of 1000 mg/d for those under 75 kg or 1200 mg/d for those over 75 kg. Patients with geno- types 2 and 3 were treated for 24 wk with 180 μgPegIFN-α2a or 1.5 μg/kg PegIFN-α2b once weekly plus ribavirin at a dosage of 800 mg/d. RESULTS: In all ETR patients, binary logistic regression analysis identif ied absence of complete early virological response (cEVR) (OR 27.07, 95% CI: 3.09-237.26, P < 0.005), serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels prior to therapy < 75 U/L (OR: 6.16, 95% CI: 2.1-18.03, P < 0.001) and body mass index > 26 kg/m2 (OR: 8.27, 95% CI: 2.22-30.84, P < 0.005) as independent predictors of relapse. When cEVR patients were analyzed exclusively, ALP prior to therapy < 75 U/L remained the only predictor of relapse. CONCLUSION: Lower levels of ALP prior to, during and after therapy seem to be associated with a higher risk of relapse in CHC patients with ETR.展开更多
Background: In temperate-breeding birds, individuals must adjust their physiological states from one life-history stage to another in response to changing conditions to maximize ecological fitness. Previous evidences ...Background: In temperate-breeding birds, individuals must adjust their physiological states from one life-history stage to another in response to changing conditions to maximize ecological fitness. Previous evidences have shown that body mass, size-corrected mass(SCM), and hematocrit(Hct) could be used as estimates of the energetic state of individuals to illustrate life-history trade-offs and individual quality in field physiology. Plasma alkaline phosphatase(ALP) plays critical roles in regulating the metabolism of energy but very limited information is known on its link with body mass or Hct.Methods: We determined the changes of plasma ALP levels in both early breeding and wintering stages of male Eurasian Tree Sparrows(Passer montanus), and examined the relationships between ALP and body mass, SCM, and Hct of the birds.Results: Our study showed that(1) in male Eurasian Tree Sparrows, body mass did not vary with life-history stage but plasma ALP activity significantly increased in the wintering stage compared to the breeding stage;(2) ALP activity was not correlated with individual body mass but was positively correlated with individual SCM and Hct. Such positive correlations, however, only occurred in the wintering but not in the breeding stages.Conclusions: Our results suggest that plasma ALP activities in free-living birds can be used as one of the indicators o body condition or nutritional status for analyzing individual variation in the wintering but not in the breeding stages. The life-history dependent relationships between plasma ALP activity and body condition may contribute to our better understanding of the trade-off between individual survival and reproduction in free-living animals.展开更多
Previous clinical study showed that aged garlic extract (AGE) has a preventive effect of vascular calcification in patients with coronary artery diseases. It has been reported that vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) ...Previous clinical study showed that aged garlic extract (AGE) has a preventive effect of vascular calcification in patients with coronary artery diseases. It has been reported that vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and inflammatory cells including macrophages and lymphocytes migrate to sub-intimal region where atherosclerotic plaques are formed, and VSMC can differentiate into osteoblast-like cells, which are represented by the induction of alkaline phosphatase (ALP). We found that primary human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (HCASMC) showed the increased ALP activity, when cultured in the medium containing ascorbic acid, β-glycerophosphate, dexamethasone (IM), and supplemented with conditioned medium from macrophages (MCM). Then we tested the effect of AGE subdivided fractions and several compounds found in AGE, and then found that ((+)-(2S,3R)-Dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol, a dilignol compound existed in hydrophobic fraction of AGE, inhibited ALP activity in HCASMC.展开更多
Alkaline phosphatase(ALP)is widely expressed in human tissues.ALP plays an important role in the dephosphorylation of proteins and nucleic acids.Therefore,quantitative analysis of ALP plays a vital role in disease dia...Alkaline phosphatase(ALP)is widely expressed in human tissues.ALP plays an important role in the dephosphorylation of proteins and nucleic acids.Therefore,quantitative analysis of ALP plays a vital role in disease diagnosis and the development of biological detection methods.Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase(TdT)catalyzes continuous polymerization of deoxynucleotide triphosphates at the 30-OH end of single-stranded DNA in the absence of a template.In this study,we developed a highly sensitive and selective method based on TdT and endonuclease Ⅳ(Endo Ⅳ)to quantify ALP activity.After ALP hydrolyzes the 30-PO_(4) end of the substrate and generates 30-OH,TdT can effectively elongate the 30-OH end with deoxynucleotide adenine triphosphate(dATP)and produce a poly A tail,which can be detected by the poly T probes.Endo Ⅳ digests the AP site in poly T probes to generate a fluorescent signal and a new 30-OH end,leading to the generation of exponential fluorescence signal amplification.The substrate for TdT elongation was optimized,and a limit of detection of 4.3×10^(-3) U/L was achieved for ALP by the optimized substrate structure.This method can also detect ALP in the cell lysate of a single cell.This work has potential applications in disease diagnosis and biomedical detection.展开更多
Dissolved inorganic phosphorus is an important form of directly bioavailable phosphorus for cyanobacteria in natural water.Dissolved organic phosphorus could be used by cyanobacteria via alkaline phosphatase,which is ...Dissolved inorganic phosphorus is an important form of directly bioavailable phosphorus for cyanobacteria in natural water.Dissolved organic phosphorus could be used by cyanobacteria via alkaline phosphatase,which is produced mainly by bacteria and also cyanobacteria itself.Herein,we review the current knowledge of extracellular phosphatase excreted by cyanobacteria,highlighting the development of detection method and its ecological roles in regulating pho sphorus cycling in freshwater systems,which is based on reports for around 100 species of cyanobacteria.Recommendations are suggested concerning the extracellular phosphatase produced by bloom-forming cyanobacteria in terms of the ecological role,followed by a discussion of the future prospects for the study.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of recombinant human intestinal alkaline phosphatase(recIAP) on human neutrophils in vitro, and the migration, phagocytosis, apoptosis in presence and absence of LP...The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of recombinant human intestinal alkaline phosphatase(recIAP) on human neutrophils in vitro, and the migration, phagocytosis, apoptosis in presence and absence of LPS. In this study, freshly extracted human neutrophils were used to establish an inflammatory cell model, and the control group, recIAP group, LPS group and recIAP +LPS group were set up to stimulate the model. The migration of neutrophils was detected by agarose gel drop method. Fluorescent particles and fluorescent probes were added to different treatment groups, and the phagocytic rate of neutrophils and the release of reactive oxygen species(ROS) from neutrophils were detected by flow cytometry. The apoptosis rate of neutrophils was detected by flow cytometry according to Annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection kit. The results showed that regardless of the presence or absence of LPS, recIAP could inhibit the migration of neutrophils, phagocytosis and the release of ROS. In addition, recIAP could weaken the inhibitory effect of LPS on neutrophils apoptosis.展开更多
Objective To investigate the influence of sodium fluoride(NaF)on alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity and bone gla protein(BGP)synthesis in yellow ligament cells from different surgical simples in vitro.Methods The human...Objective To investigate the influence of sodium fluoride(NaF)on alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity and bone gla protein(BGP)synthesis in yellow ligament cells from different surgical simples in vitro.Methods The human ligament cells展开更多
Alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity and pyrophosphate ion(PPi)levels are remarkable for the human body functions such as signal transduction pathways and metabolism.Current quantitative methods mainly focus on developin...Alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity and pyrophosphate ion(PPi)levels are remarkable for the human body functions such as signal transduction pathways and metabolism.Current quantitative methods mainly focus on developing complicated organic substrates or employing unstable metal ions as signal-regulated medium.Herein,we have developed a facile hydrothermal method for preparing Fe WO_(4)nanomaterials with intrinsic peroxidase-like activity and further confirmed that such a catalytic activity could be significantly enhanced by adjusting the size and oxygen vacancy content.More encouragingly,PPi can easily inhibit the catalytic activity of Fe WO_(4),whereas orthophosphate ions(Pi)cannot.Therefore,we constructed an Fe WO_(4)-based colorimetric assay for sensing PPi by means of the classical 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine-peroxidase chromogenic reaction.A facile and reliable ALP activity assay was also designed and developed because of the logical regulation of the peroxidase-like activity of Fe WO_(4)through the ALP-catalyzed hydrolysis of PPi into Pi.Based on the clear mechanism and mimetic-enzyme Fe WO_(4)-catalyzed amplification,the sensing system exhibited excellent performance and was able to evaluate ALP activity in real serum samples and screen for potential ALP inhibitors.The proposed mimetic enzyme-involved colorimetric assay provides an alternative pathway,and Fe WO_(4)nanomaterials with excellent performance have great potential for further biosensing and biomedical applications.展开更多
Mulit-enzyme cascades are a major type of chemical transformations and play a crucial role in biological signal transduction and metabolism. Herein, a trienzyme cascade-triggered fluorescent immunosensor platform was ...Mulit-enzyme cascades are a major type of chemical transformations and play a crucial role in biological signal transduction and metabolism. Herein, a trienzyme cascade-triggered fluorescent immunosensor platform was constructed by sequentially integrating alkaline phosphatase(ALP), tyrosinase(TYR)and horseradish peroxidase(HRP). The proposed platform was based on HRP-induced a rapid in situ fluorogenic reaction between dopamine(DA) and 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene(DHA) to produce a strong yellow azamonardine fluorescent compound(AFC). The obtained AFC was clearly characterized by highresolution mass spectrum,1H NMR,^(13)C NMR and theoretical calculations. The integration of the twoenzyme system(TYR and HRP) or three-enzyme system(ALP, TYR and HRP) led to a maximum of 400.0-fold and 250.0-fold fluorescence enhancements, respectively. Using cardiac troponin I(c Tn I) as the model antigen, a trienzyme cascade-triggered fluorescent immunosensor platform was developed for quantitative detecting c Tn I in a wide linear range from 2 ng/m L to 150 ng/m L with a detection limit of 0.67ng/m L. In addition, the proposed platform was successfully applied in detection of c Tn I in serum of clinical patients. Overall, the developed fluorescent immunosensor performs powerful implications for researching enzyme cascade systems in the field of biomedicine.展开更多
Alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activity assay is not only significant to the clinical diagnosis of some related disease, but also momentous to the construction of ALP-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Herein,...Alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activity assay is not only significant to the clinical diagnosis of some related disease, but also momentous to the construction of ALP-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Herein, for the first time, we have discovered that ascorbic acid(AA) can specially react with N-methylethylenediamine(N-MEDA) to generate fluorescent non-conjugated polymer dots(NCPDs) under mild conditions. On the basis of the AA-responsive emission and ALP-catalyzed hydrolysis of ascorbic acid 2-phosphate(AA2P) to AA, we have exploited a fluorometric ALP activity assay with high sensitivity and selectivity. Furthermore, by means of conventional ALP-based ELISA platform, a conceptual fluorescent ELISA has been constructed and applied in the potential clinical diagnosis, during which cardiac troponin I(cTnI), a well-established biomarker of acute myocardial infarction, has been chosen as the model target. We envision that such original fluorescent NCPDs generation-enabled ELISA could become a versatile tool in biochemical sensing and medical diagnosis in the future.展开更多
Currently,enzyme-responsive nanomaterials have shown great promise in prognosis or diagnosis of disease biomarker.However,the great obstacle for conventional enzyme-responsive nanomaterials frequently lies in autofluo...Currently,enzyme-responsive nanomaterials have shown great promise in prognosis or diagnosis of disease biomarker.However,the great obstacle for conventional enzyme-responsive nanomaterials frequently lies in autofluorescence interference,poor monodispersity,uncontrollable size and morphology,low optical stability,and biotoxicity,which fundamentally impede their practical application in biological systems.To overcome these deficiencies,we proposed a novel strategy for reliable and precise detection of an enzyme disease biomarker,alkaline phosphatase(ALP),through lanthanide(Ln^(3+))nucleotide nanoparticles(LNNPs)with extremely improved monodispersity and uniformity,which were achieved by the coordination self-assembly between ATP and Ln^(3+)inside micellar nanoreactor.Specifically,for ATP-Ce/Tb LNNPs,highly improved photoluminescence(PL)emission of Tb^(3+)can be achieved via efficient Ce^(3+)sensitization.We demonstrated that ALP could specifically cleave the phosphorus–oxygen(P–O)bonds of ATP and result in the collapse of ATP-Ce/Tb scaffold,finally leading to the PL quenching of Tb^(3+).By taking advantage of time-resolved(TR)PL technique,the fabricated ATP-Ce/Tb LNNPs presented superior selectivity and sensitivity for the ALP bioassay in complicated serum samples,thus revealing the great potential of ATP-Ce/Tb LNNPs in the areas of ALP-related disease prognosis and diagnosis.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Yishengukang decoction on the expression of the metabolic bone markers, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase(BAP), carboxyterminal propeptide of type Ⅰ procollagen(PICP), and car...OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Yishengukang decoction on the expression of the metabolic bone markers, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase(BAP), carboxyterminal propeptide of type Ⅰ procollagen(PICP), and carboxyterminal cross-linked telepeptide of type Ⅰ collagen(ICTP), in cancer patients with bone metastasis.METHODS: Patients(n = 180) were divided into three groups:(a) bone metastasis patients treated with Yishengukang and pamidronate disodium injection(treatment group, n = 60);(b) bone metastasis patients treated with pamidronate disodium injection alone(control group, n = 60);(c) cancer patients without metastatic bone lesion(non-bone metastasis group, n = 60). Serum levels of the metabolic markers BAP, PICP, and ICTP were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay pre- and post-therapy.RESULTS: A significant decrease in serum BAP level was observed in the treatment group compared with the control group. However there were no significant differences in serum levels of PICP and ICTP before or after treatment compared with the control group.CONCLUSION: Yishengukang decoction combined with pamidronate disodium injection reduced serum BAP level to a greater extent that pamidronate disodium injection alone. Furthermore, the combined therapy was more beneficial in regulating imbalanced bone metabolism after bone metastasis,and may represent the molecular mechanism underpinning the effects of Yishengukang decoction.展开更多
Phosphorus is a vital nutrient for algal growth,thus,a better understanding of phosphorus availability is essential to mitigate harmful algal blooms in lakes.Wind waves are a ubiquitous characteristic of lake ecosyste...Phosphorus is a vital nutrient for algal growth,thus,a better understanding of phosphorus availability is essential to mitigate harmful algal blooms in lakes.Wind waves are a ubiquitous characteristic of lake ecosystems.However,its effects on the cycling of organic phosphorus and its usage by phytoplankton remain poorly elucidated in shallow eutrophic lakes.A mesocosm experiment was carried out to investigate the responses of alkaline phosphatase activity fractions to wind waves in large,shallow,eutrophic Lake Taihu.Results showed that wind-driven waves induced the release of alkaline phosphatase and phosphorus from the sediment,and dramatically enhanced phytoplanktonic alkaline phosphatase activity.However,compared to the calm conditions,bacterial and dissolved alkaline phosphatase activity decreased in wind-wave conditions.Consistently,the gene copies of Microcystis phoX increased but bacterial phoX decreased under wind-wave conditions.The ecological effects of these waves on phosphorus and phytoplankton likely accelerated the biogeochemical cycling of phosphorus and promoted phytoplankton production in Lake Taihu.This study provides an improved current understanding of phosphorus availability and the phosphorus strategies of plankton in shallow,eutrophic lakes.展开更多
Three fractions of alkaline phosphatase activity(APA),including phytoplankton APA(phyto-APA),bacterial APA(bact-APA),and free-APA,were examined in the sea surface microlayer(SML)and the subsurface water(SSW)from Daya ...Three fractions of alkaline phosphatase activity(APA),including phytoplankton APA(phyto-APA),bacterial APA(bact-APA),and free-APA,were examined in the sea surface microlayer(SML)and the subsurface water(SSW)from Daya Bay,Guishan Island,and Guanghai Bay of southern China.Relationships between APA and environmental parameters were analyzed.The growth of phytoplankton was significantly limited by dissolved inorganic phosphorus(DIP)in the three sea areas,especially in Daya Bay.TotalAPA ranged between 1.41 and 35.26 nmol/L/hr,and the highest value was found in Daya Bay.The increased APA in Daya Bay was the result of the increase of phytoplankton biomass and the response of phytoplankton to P limitation.Phyto-APA was the main contributor in Daya Bay,while phyto-and free-APA co-dominated in Guishan Island and Guanghai Bay.Bact-,phyto-,and total-APA showed a significant inverse power function relationship with DIP,and 0.2μmol/L was the threshold for DIP on particulates and totalAPA.Pearson correlation analysis suggested that DIP limitation together with high N levels enhanced APA.High water temperature and freshwater input accelerated APA as well.Principal component analysis clearly separated samples from the three sea areas,as well as from the SML and the SSW,which indicated the differences in environmental parameters and APA levels.Our results highlight the influence of phosphorus limitation and environmental parameters on APA.展开更多
Alcoholic hepatitis(AH)is an acute inflammatory liver disease with poor prognosis.Infections in AH are difficult to detect and contribute to short-term mortality.Intrahepatic cholestasis and elevated alkaline phosphat...Alcoholic hepatitis(AH)is an acute inflammatory liver disease with poor prognosis.Infections in AH are difficult to detect and contribute to short-term mortality.Intrahepatic cholestasis and elevated alkaline phosphatase levels are also associated with worse outcomes.This report describes an uncommon presentation of severe AH.展开更多
In this work,a very simple dual-readout lateral flow test strip(LFTS)platform was developed for sensitive detection of alkaline phosphatase(ALP)based on a portable device.In this assay,quantum dots(QDs)conjugated with...In this work,a very simple dual-readout lateral flow test strip(LFTS)platform was developed for sensitive detection of alkaline phosphatase(ALP)based on a portable device.In this assay,quantum dots(QDs)conjugated with bovine serum albumin(QDs-BSA)were chosen as fluorescence signal labels.In the absence of ALP,MnO_(2)nanosheets aggregate on the test line and exhibit an obvious brown color,which can be observed by naked eyes to realize semi-qualitative analysis.Meanwhile,fluorescence intensity of QDs-BSA can also be effectively quenched by MnO_(2)nanosheets due to inner-filter effect.Correspondingly,in the presence of ALP,ALP can catalyze the hydrolysis of ascorbic acid 2-phosphate(AAP)to generate L-ascorbic acid(AA),which can reduce MnO_(2)into Mn^(2+),accompanying with the obvious fluorescence recovery of the QDs.By simply monitoring the change of colorimetric and fluorescent signal on the test line,trace amount of ALP can be quantitatively detected.Under the optimal conditions,measurable evaluation of ALP was reached in a linear range from 1 U/L to 20 U/L with a detection limit of 0.7 U/L based on fluorescence signal.Furthermore,this colorimetric/fluorescent dual-readout assay was successfully applied to monitor ALP in human serum samples,showing its great potential as a point of care biosensor for clinical diagnosis.展开更多
Phosphatase plays a vital important role in many biological functions due to the dephosphorylation serves varied roles in cellular regulation and signaling.Among the family of phosphatase,alkaline phosphatase(ALP)coul...Phosphatase plays a vital important role in many biological functions due to the dephosphorylation serves varied roles in cellular regulation and signaling.Among the family of phosphatase,alkaline phosphatase(ALP)could act as crucial prognostic indicators for many diseases such as bone diseases and cancer.However,the detection of ALP is mainly limited to in vitro colorimetric method in clinic.Therefore,huge efforts have been paid on the fluorescence imaging that provides a reliable method to detect the real-time and in vivo changes of the level of ALP.In this review,we summarize recent advances in fluorescence imaging of phosphatase,mainly focused on ALP.The imaging probes of phosphatase are mainly classified according to their luminescence mechanisms.In the end,we assessed the challenges and future prospects of phosphatase probes.展开更多
Alkaline phosphatase(ALP)is one of essential biomarkers in mammalian tissue.Here we report a ratiometric probe for ALP,which is rationally designed and synthesized by employing ESIPT fluorophore N-(3-(benzo[d]thiazol-...Alkaline phosphatase(ALP)is one of essential biomarkers in mammalian tissue.Here we report a ratiometric probe for ALP,which is rationally designed and synthesized by employing ESIPT fluorophore N-(3-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxyphenyl)benzamide(BTHPB).The enzymatic dephosphorylation converts the probe to BTHPB,which exhibits a large spectral red-shift(120 nm),allowing extremely high sensitivity of ALP sensing at 0.004 mU/mL.The probe also shows excellent biocompatibility and has been applied for monitoring the endogenic ALP in living cells.展开更多
基金Supported by the Key Technology Research and Development Program of Shandong,No.2017GSF221018 and No.2017G006007.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is characterized by a low 5-year survival rate.The prognosis is still not satisfactory although it has significantly improved due to developments in medicine.Thus,the identification of more efficient indices for the evaluation of GC prognosis is required.We propose,for the first time,that the alkaline phosphatase(ALP)to prealbumin(PA)ratio(APR)can be used as an independent prognostic factor in GC.AIM To evaluate the prognostic value the APR in GC.METHODS According to the exclusion strategy,we collected the preoperative serologic examination results and clinical information of 409 GC patients treated in Shandong Provincial Hospital from January to December,2016.By calculating the APR,the neutrophil and lymphocyte ratio(NLR),C-reactive protein(CRP)and albumin(ALB)ratio,platelet and lymphocyte ratio,lymphocyte and monocyte ratio,and the relationship with clinical information,we verified the role of preoperative APR ratio in the prognosis of GC.In addition,we used a Cox model combined with the APR and tumor stage to demonstrate its efficacy in assessing the prognosis of GC patients.RESULTS Preoperative APR was an independent prognostic factor for GC.The median age of patients in the APR-high group was greater compared with that in the APR-low group.Patients with a higher APR had a more advanced clinical stage,higher neutrophil to lymphocyte,CRP to ALB,and platelet to lymphocyte ratios,but a lower lymphocyte to monocyte ratio(P<0.05).The APR-high group also had higher glycoprotein antigen 199 and carbohydrate antigen 125 levels than the APR-low group(P<0.05).Median overall survival and disease-free survival were significantly longer in the APR-low group than in the APR-high group.In addition,a Cox model based on the APR and tumor stage was more effective in evaluating the prognosis of patients than models based on stage alone or stage plus the NLR.CONCLUSION A higher APR is an independent and negative prognostic factor for GC.The prognosis of GC can be better evaluated using a Cox model based on the APR and stage.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61675151)
文摘Alkaline phosphatase(ALP) plays an integral role in the metabolism of liver and development of the skeleton in humans. To date, the interactions between different-duration terahertz(THz) radiation and ALP activities, as well as the influence mechanism are still unclear. In this study, using the para-nitro-phenyl-phosphate(p NPP) method, we detect changes in ALP activities during 40-minute THz radiation(0.1 THz, 13 m W/cm^2). It is found that the activity of ALP decreases in the first 25 min, and subsequently increases in the later 15 min. Compared with the activity of ALP being heated, the results suggest that short-term terahertz radiation induces a decrease in enzyme activity through the non-thermal mechanism. In order to explore the non-thermal effects of THz radiation on ALP, we focus on the impacts of 0.1 THz radiation for 20 min on the activity of ALP in different concentrations. The results reveal that the activity of ALP decreases significantly after exposure to THz radiation. In addition, it could be deduced from fluorescence, ultraviolet-visible(UV-vis), and THz spectra results that THz radiation has induced changes in ALP structures. Our study unlocks non-thermal interactions between THz radiation and ALP, as well as suggests that THz spectroscopy is a promising technique to distinguish ALP structures.
文摘AIM: To investigate relapse predictors in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients with end-of-treatment response (ETR), after pegylated interferon-α (PegIFN-α) and ribavirin treatment. METHODS: In a retrospective study we evaluated a spectrum of predictors of relapse after PegIFN-α and ribavirin treatment in 86 CHC patients with ETR. Viral loads were determined with real-time reverse transcrip-tion polymerase chain reaction. Hepatitis C virus geno-typing was performed by sequencing analysis. Patients with genotype 1 were treated for 48 wk with 180 μg PegIFN-α2a or 1.5 μg/kg PegIFN-α2b once weekly plus ribavirin at a dosage of 1000 mg/d for those under 75 kg or 1200 mg/d for those over 75 kg. Patients with geno- types 2 and 3 were treated for 24 wk with 180 μgPegIFN-α2a or 1.5 μg/kg PegIFN-α2b once weekly plus ribavirin at a dosage of 800 mg/d. RESULTS: In all ETR patients, binary logistic regression analysis identif ied absence of complete early virological response (cEVR) (OR 27.07, 95% CI: 3.09-237.26, P < 0.005), serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels prior to therapy < 75 U/L (OR: 6.16, 95% CI: 2.1-18.03, P < 0.001) and body mass index > 26 kg/m2 (OR: 8.27, 95% CI: 2.22-30.84, P < 0.005) as independent predictors of relapse. When cEVR patients were analyzed exclusively, ALP prior to therapy < 75 U/L remained the only predictor of relapse. CONCLUSION: Lower levels of ALP prior to, during and after therapy seem to be associated with a higher risk of relapse in CHC patients with ETR.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 31672292, 31372201)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (C2017205059)
文摘Background: In temperate-breeding birds, individuals must adjust their physiological states from one life-history stage to another in response to changing conditions to maximize ecological fitness. Previous evidences have shown that body mass, size-corrected mass(SCM), and hematocrit(Hct) could be used as estimates of the energetic state of individuals to illustrate life-history trade-offs and individual quality in field physiology. Plasma alkaline phosphatase(ALP) plays critical roles in regulating the metabolism of energy but very limited information is known on its link with body mass or Hct.Methods: We determined the changes of plasma ALP levels in both early breeding and wintering stages of male Eurasian Tree Sparrows(Passer montanus), and examined the relationships between ALP and body mass, SCM, and Hct of the birds.Results: Our study showed that(1) in male Eurasian Tree Sparrows, body mass did not vary with life-history stage but plasma ALP activity significantly increased in the wintering stage compared to the breeding stage;(2) ALP activity was not correlated with individual body mass but was positively correlated with individual SCM and Hct. Such positive correlations, however, only occurred in the wintering but not in the breeding stages.Conclusions: Our results suggest that plasma ALP activities in free-living birds can be used as one of the indicators o body condition or nutritional status for analyzing individual variation in the wintering but not in the breeding stages. The life-history dependent relationships between plasma ALP activity and body condition may contribute to our better understanding of the trade-off between individual survival and reproduction in free-living animals.
文摘Previous clinical study showed that aged garlic extract (AGE) has a preventive effect of vascular calcification in patients with coronary artery diseases. It has been reported that vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and inflammatory cells including macrophages and lymphocytes migrate to sub-intimal region where atherosclerotic plaques are formed, and VSMC can differentiate into osteoblast-like cells, which are represented by the induction of alkaline phosphatase (ALP). We found that primary human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (HCASMC) showed the increased ALP activity, when cultured in the medium containing ascorbic acid, β-glycerophosphate, dexamethasone (IM), and supplemented with conditioned medium from macrophages (MCM). Then we tested the effect of AGE subdivided fractions and several compounds found in AGE, and then found that ((+)-(2S,3R)-Dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol, a dilignol compound existed in hydrophobic fraction of AGE, inhibited ALP activity in HCASMC.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:21904045)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(HUST:Grant No.:2019kfyXJJS169)Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates of Hubei Province(Grant No.:S202010487225).
文摘Alkaline phosphatase(ALP)is widely expressed in human tissues.ALP plays an important role in the dephosphorylation of proteins and nucleic acids.Therefore,quantitative analysis of ALP plays a vital role in disease diagnosis and the development of biological detection methods.Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase(TdT)catalyzes continuous polymerization of deoxynucleotide triphosphates at the 30-OH end of single-stranded DNA in the absence of a template.In this study,we developed a highly sensitive and selective method based on TdT and endonuclease Ⅳ(Endo Ⅳ)to quantify ALP activity.After ALP hydrolyzes the 30-PO_(4) end of the substrate and generates 30-OH,TdT can effectively elongate the 30-OH end with deoxynucleotide adenine triphosphate(dATP)and produce a poly A tail,which can be detected by the poly T probes.Endo Ⅳ digests the AP site in poly T probes to generate a fluorescent signal and a new 30-OH end,leading to the generation of exponential fluorescence signal amplification.The substrate for TdT elongation was optimized,and a limit of detection of 4.3×10^(-3) U/L was achieved for ALP by the optimized substrate structure.This method can also detect ALP in the cell lysate of a single cell.This work has potential applications in disease diagnosis and biomedical detection.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.91951119,42177246,42107279)。
文摘Dissolved inorganic phosphorus is an important form of directly bioavailable phosphorus for cyanobacteria in natural water.Dissolved organic phosphorus could be used by cyanobacteria via alkaline phosphatase,which is produced mainly by bacteria and also cyanobacteria itself.Herein,we review the current knowledge of extracellular phosphatase excreted by cyanobacteria,highlighting the development of detection method and its ecological roles in regulating pho sphorus cycling in freshwater systems,which is based on reports for around 100 species of cyanobacteria.Recommendations are suggested concerning the extracellular phosphatase produced by bloom-forming cyanobacteria in terms of the ecological role,followed by a discussion of the future prospects for the study.
基金the Heilongjiang Natural Science Fund Project (C2017035)。
文摘The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of recombinant human intestinal alkaline phosphatase(recIAP) on human neutrophils in vitro, and the migration, phagocytosis, apoptosis in presence and absence of LPS. In this study, freshly extracted human neutrophils were used to establish an inflammatory cell model, and the control group, recIAP group, LPS group and recIAP +LPS group were set up to stimulate the model. The migration of neutrophils was detected by agarose gel drop method. Fluorescent particles and fluorescent probes were added to different treatment groups, and the phagocytic rate of neutrophils and the release of reactive oxygen species(ROS) from neutrophils were detected by flow cytometry. The apoptosis rate of neutrophils was detected by flow cytometry according to Annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection kit. The results showed that regardless of the presence or absence of LPS, recIAP could inhibit the migration of neutrophils, phagocytosis and the release of ROS. In addition, recIAP could weaken the inhibitory effect of LPS on neutrophils apoptosis.
文摘Objective To investigate the influence of sodium fluoride(NaF)on alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity and bone gla protein(BGP)synthesis in yellow ligament cells from different surgical simples in vitro.Methods The human ligament cells
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21974132,22034006,21721003)the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials(sklssm2023021)。
文摘Alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity and pyrophosphate ion(PPi)levels are remarkable for the human body functions such as signal transduction pathways and metabolism.Current quantitative methods mainly focus on developing complicated organic substrates or employing unstable metal ions as signal-regulated medium.Herein,we have developed a facile hydrothermal method for preparing Fe WO_(4)nanomaterials with intrinsic peroxidase-like activity and further confirmed that such a catalytic activity could be significantly enhanced by adjusting the size and oxygen vacancy content.More encouragingly,PPi can easily inhibit the catalytic activity of Fe WO_(4),whereas orthophosphate ions(Pi)cannot.Therefore,we constructed an Fe WO_(4)-based colorimetric assay for sensing PPi by means of the classical 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine-peroxidase chromogenic reaction.A facile and reliable ALP activity assay was also designed and developed because of the logical regulation of the peroxidase-like activity of Fe WO_(4)through the ALP-catalyzed hydrolysis of PPi into Pi.Based on the clear mechanism and mimetic-enzyme Fe WO_(4)-catalyzed amplification,the sensing system exhibited excellent performance and was able to evaluate ALP activity in real serum samples and screen for potential ALP inhibitors.The proposed mimetic enzyme-involved colorimetric assay provides an alternative pathway,and Fe WO_(4)nanomaterials with excellent performance have great potential for further biosensing and biomedical applications.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 22174065, 21974119)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Hunan Province (No. 2020RC_(3)046)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No.2019JJ30020)。
文摘Mulit-enzyme cascades are a major type of chemical transformations and play a crucial role in biological signal transduction and metabolism. Herein, a trienzyme cascade-triggered fluorescent immunosensor platform was constructed by sequentially integrating alkaline phosphatase(ALP), tyrosinase(TYR)and horseradish peroxidase(HRP). The proposed platform was based on HRP-induced a rapid in situ fluorogenic reaction between dopamine(DA) and 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene(DHA) to produce a strong yellow azamonardine fluorescent compound(AFC). The obtained AFC was clearly characterized by highresolution mass spectrum,1H NMR,^(13)C NMR and theoretical calculations. The integration of the twoenzyme system(TYR and HRP) or three-enzyme system(ALP, TYR and HRP) led to a maximum of 400.0-fold and 250.0-fold fluorescence enhancements, respectively. Using cardiac troponin I(c Tn I) as the model antigen, a trienzyme cascade-triggered fluorescent immunosensor platform was developed for quantitative detecting c Tn I in a wide linear range from 2 ng/m L to 150 ng/m L with a detection limit of 0.67ng/m L. In addition, the proposed platform was successfully applied in detection of c Tn I in serum of clinical patients. Overall, the developed fluorescent immunosensor performs powerful implications for researching enzyme cascade systems in the field of biomedicine.
基金financial supports of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22034006,21974132 and 21721003)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association,CAS(No.2018258)the Development Project of Science and Technology of Jilin Province,China(No.20200201091JC)。
文摘Alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activity assay is not only significant to the clinical diagnosis of some related disease, but also momentous to the construction of ALP-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Herein, for the first time, we have discovered that ascorbic acid(AA) can specially react with N-methylethylenediamine(N-MEDA) to generate fluorescent non-conjugated polymer dots(NCPDs) under mild conditions. On the basis of the AA-responsive emission and ALP-catalyzed hydrolysis of ascorbic acid 2-phosphate(AA2P) to AA, we have exploited a fluorometric ALP activity assay with high sensitivity and selectivity. Furthermore, by means of conventional ALP-based ELISA platform, a conceptual fluorescent ELISA has been constructed and applied in the potential clinical diagnosis, during which cardiac troponin I(cTnI), a well-established biomarker of acute myocardial infarction, has been chosen as the model target. We envision that such original fluorescent NCPDs generation-enabled ELISA could become a versatile tool in biochemical sensing and medical diagnosis in the future.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFB3503700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.22135008,U22A20398,and 22275190)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(Nos.2021L3024,2021Y0067)the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry(No.20210023).
文摘Currently,enzyme-responsive nanomaterials have shown great promise in prognosis or diagnosis of disease biomarker.However,the great obstacle for conventional enzyme-responsive nanomaterials frequently lies in autofluorescence interference,poor monodispersity,uncontrollable size and morphology,low optical stability,and biotoxicity,which fundamentally impede their practical application in biological systems.To overcome these deficiencies,we proposed a novel strategy for reliable and precise detection of an enzyme disease biomarker,alkaline phosphatase(ALP),through lanthanide(Ln^(3+))nucleotide nanoparticles(LNNPs)with extremely improved monodispersity and uniformity,which were achieved by the coordination self-assembly between ATP and Ln^(3+)inside micellar nanoreactor.Specifically,for ATP-Ce/Tb LNNPs,highly improved photoluminescence(PL)emission of Tb^(3+)can be achieved via efficient Ce^(3+)sensitization.We demonstrated that ALP could specifically cleave the phosphorus–oxygen(P–O)bonds of ATP and result in the collapse of ATP-Ce/Tb scaffold,finally leading to the PL quenching of Tb^(3+).By taking advantage of time-resolved(TR)PL technique,the fabricated ATP-Ce/Tb LNNPs presented superior selectivity and sensitivity for the ALP bioassay in complicated serum samples,thus revealing the great potential of ATP-Ce/Tb LNNPs in the areas of ALP-related disease prognosis and diagnosis.
基金Wangjing Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Program:Clinical Study on Improving the Life Quality of Cancer Patients by Nourishing Yin and Tonifying the Kidney(No.2007-01)Specific Science and Technology Improvement Project of Beijing Traditional Chinese Medical Science and Technology Development Fund:Clinical Study on Chinese Herbs of Bushen Huayu Combined with Hyperthermia in Treating Bone Metastatic Pain(No.KJTS2011-13)Beijing Science and Technology Program"the Capital of special":Clinical Study on Chinese Herbs of Fuzheng Jiedu Huayu in Treating Cancer Pain(Z141107002514045)
文摘OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Yishengukang decoction on the expression of the metabolic bone markers, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase(BAP), carboxyterminal propeptide of type Ⅰ procollagen(PICP), and carboxyterminal cross-linked telepeptide of type Ⅰ collagen(ICTP), in cancer patients with bone metastasis.METHODS: Patients(n = 180) were divided into three groups:(a) bone metastasis patients treated with Yishengukang and pamidronate disodium injection(treatment group, n = 60);(b) bone metastasis patients treated with pamidronate disodium injection alone(control group, n = 60);(c) cancer patients without metastatic bone lesion(non-bone metastasis group, n = 60). Serum levels of the metabolic markers BAP, PICP, and ICTP were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay pre- and post-therapy.RESULTS: A significant decrease in serum BAP level was observed in the treatment group compared with the control group. However there were no significant differences in serum levels of PICP and ICTP before or after treatment compared with the control group.CONCLUSION: Yishengukang decoction combined with pamidronate disodium injection reduced serum BAP level to a greater extent that pamidronate disodium injection alone. Furthermore, the combined therapy was more beneficial in regulating imbalanced bone metabolism after bone metastasis,and may represent the molecular mechanism underpinning the effects of Yishengukang decoction.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41701098,41621002,and 41830757)the Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment(No.2018ZX07701001-24)“One-Three-Five”Strategic Planning of Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Nos.NIGLAS2017GH03,NIGLAS2017GH04,and NIGLAS2017GH05)。
文摘Phosphorus is a vital nutrient for algal growth,thus,a better understanding of phosphorus availability is essential to mitigate harmful algal blooms in lakes.Wind waves are a ubiquitous characteristic of lake ecosystems.However,its effects on the cycling of organic phosphorus and its usage by phytoplankton remain poorly elucidated in shallow eutrophic lakes.A mesocosm experiment was carried out to investigate the responses of alkaline phosphatase activity fractions to wind waves in large,shallow,eutrophic Lake Taihu.Results showed that wind-driven waves induced the release of alkaline phosphatase and phosphorus from the sediment,and dramatically enhanced phytoplanktonic alkaline phosphatase activity.However,compared to the calm conditions,bacterial and dissolved alkaline phosphatase activity decreased in wind-wave conditions.Consistently,the gene copies of Microcystis phoX increased but bacterial phoX decreased under wind-wave conditions.The ecological effects of these waves on phosphorus and phytoplankton likely accelerated the biogeochemical cycling of phosphorus and promoted phytoplankton production in Lake Taihu.This study provides an improved current understanding of phosphorus availability and the phosphorus strategies of plankton in shallow,eutrophic lakes.
基金supported by the Science & Technology Basic Resources Investigation Program of China (No. 2018FY100200)
文摘Three fractions of alkaline phosphatase activity(APA),including phytoplankton APA(phyto-APA),bacterial APA(bact-APA),and free-APA,were examined in the sea surface microlayer(SML)and the subsurface water(SSW)from Daya Bay,Guishan Island,and Guanghai Bay of southern China.Relationships between APA and environmental parameters were analyzed.The growth of phytoplankton was significantly limited by dissolved inorganic phosphorus(DIP)in the three sea areas,especially in Daya Bay.TotalAPA ranged between 1.41 and 35.26 nmol/L/hr,and the highest value was found in Daya Bay.The increased APA in Daya Bay was the result of the increase of phytoplankton biomass and the response of phytoplankton to P limitation.Phyto-APA was the main contributor in Daya Bay,while phyto-and free-APA co-dominated in Guishan Island and Guanghai Bay.Bact-,phyto-,and total-APA showed a significant inverse power function relationship with DIP,and 0.2μmol/L was the threshold for DIP on particulates and totalAPA.Pearson correlation analysis suggested that DIP limitation together with high N levels enhanced APA.High water temperature and freshwater input accelerated APA as well.Principal component analysis clearly separated samples from the three sea areas,as well as from the SML and the SSW,which indicated the differences in environmental parameters and APA levels.Our results highlight the influence of phosphorus limitation and environmental parameters on APA.
文摘Alcoholic hepatitis(AH)is an acute inflammatory liver disease with poor prognosis.Infections in AH are difficult to detect and contribute to short-term mortality.Intrahepatic cholestasis and elevated alkaline phosphatase levels are also associated with worse outcomes.This report describes an uncommon presentation of severe AH.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21974125,21605038)the National 111 Project(No.D20003)+1 种基金the Collaborative Innovation Project of Zhengzhou(Zhengzhou University)(No.18XTZX12002)the Key Scientific Research Project in Universities of Henan Province(No.19A150048).
文摘In this work,a very simple dual-readout lateral flow test strip(LFTS)platform was developed for sensitive detection of alkaline phosphatase(ALP)based on a portable device.In this assay,quantum dots(QDs)conjugated with bovine serum albumin(QDs-BSA)were chosen as fluorescence signal labels.In the absence of ALP,MnO_(2)nanosheets aggregate on the test line and exhibit an obvious brown color,which can be observed by naked eyes to realize semi-qualitative analysis.Meanwhile,fluorescence intensity of QDs-BSA can also be effectively quenched by MnO_(2)nanosheets due to inner-filter effect.Correspondingly,in the presence of ALP,ALP can catalyze the hydrolysis of ascorbic acid 2-phosphate(AAP)to generate L-ascorbic acid(AA),which can reduce MnO_(2)into Mn^(2+),accompanying with the obvious fluorescence recovery of the QDs.By simply monitoring the change of colorimetric and fluorescent signal on the test line,trace amount of ALP can be quantitatively detected.Under the optimal conditions,measurable evaluation of ALP was reached in a linear range from 1 U/L to 20 U/L with a detection limit of 0.7 U/L based on fluorescence signal.Furthermore,this colorimetric/fluorescent dual-readout assay was successfully applied to monitor ALP in human serum samples,showing its great potential as a point of care biosensor for clinical diagnosis.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program(No.2018YFA0704003)Basic Research Program of Shenzhen(Nos.JCYJ20170412111100742,JCYJ20180507182413022)+1 种基金Fok Ying-Tong Education Foundation for Young Teachers in the Higher Education Institutions of China(No.161032)Guangdong Province Natural Science Foundation of Major Basic Research and Cultivation Project(No.2018B030308003)。
文摘Phosphatase plays a vital important role in many biological functions due to the dephosphorylation serves varied roles in cellular regulation and signaling.Among the family of phosphatase,alkaline phosphatase(ALP)could act as crucial prognostic indicators for many diseases such as bone diseases and cancer.However,the detection of ALP is mainly limited to in vitro colorimetric method in clinic.Therefore,huge efforts have been paid on the fluorescence imaging that provides a reliable method to detect the real-time and in vivo changes of the level of ALP.In this review,we summarize recent advances in fluorescence imaging of phosphatase,mainly focused on ALP.The imaging probes of phosphatase are mainly classified according to their luminescence mechanisms.In the end,we assessed the challenges and future prospects of phosphatase probes.
基金supported by the Shanghai Sailing Program,National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.31600802)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (No.18DZ1112703)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘Alkaline phosphatase(ALP)is one of essential biomarkers in mammalian tissue.Here we report a ratiometric probe for ALP,which is rationally designed and synthesized by employing ESIPT fluorophore N-(3-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxyphenyl)benzamide(BTHPB).The enzymatic dephosphorylation converts the probe to BTHPB,which exhibits a large spectral red-shift(120 nm),allowing extremely high sensitivity of ALP sensing at 0.004 mU/mL.The probe also shows excellent biocompatibility and has been applied for monitoring the endogenic ALP in living cells.
