It is of considerable significance to develop efficient and environmentally friendly machinery lubricant additives because of the increasing depletion of petrochemical resources and severe environmental problems.Herei...It is of considerable significance to develop efficient and environmentally friendly machinery lubricant additives because of the increasing depletion of petrochemical resources and severe environmental problems.Herein,we proposed a facile strategy to synthesize a multifunctional vegetable oil-based lubricant via the lignin derivative vanillin coupled to amine and diethyl phosphite to produce a lubricating additive with both extreme pressure and antioxidant properties.Compared with pure tung oil,the lubricating and antioxidant performance of tung oil is significantly improved after adding additives.Adding the 1.0 wt%additive to the tung oil reduced the friction wear coefficient and the volume,and the oxidation induction time was much longer than pure tung oil.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Around the world more and more people suffer from acute alcoholism. The purpose of this study was to determine hepatic enzymes and oxidation/antioxidation in rats with acute alcoholism. METHODS: Rats were ...BACKGROUND: Around the world more and more people suffer from acute alcoholism. The purpose of this study was to determine hepatic enzymes and oxidation/antioxidation in rats with acute alcoholism. METHODS: Rats were randomly divided into three groups; control, low-dose alcohol, and high-dose alcohol. Each al- cohol group ( n = 12) was intravenously infused with etha- nol at a dose of 0.3 or 0.7 g/kg body weight respectively. The control group (n =11) was intravenously infused with normal saline at a dose of 0.5 g/kg body weight. Blood was collected for detection of hepatic enzymes and index of oxidation/antioxidation. RESULTS: The ratio of AST to ALT was 2.44±0.46, 2.57± 0.60 and 3.03 ±0.46 in the three groups, and the difference was significant between the control and high-dose alcohol groups (P^0.05). No significant changes were observed in the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspar- tate aminotransferase (AST), total protein (Tp), albumin (Alb), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), cholinesterase (ChE), total bilirubin (TB), C-reactive protein (CRP) and amy- lase. The levels of serum nitric oxide (NO) in the 3 groups were 39.2 ±73.25 mol/L, 42.30 ±4.60 mol/L and 47.86± 4.66 mol/L, and significant difference was seen between the control group and the high-dose alcohol group (P < 0.01). No significant difference was found in the levels of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), malondiethylaldehyde (MDA), and CRP in the 3 groups. CONCLUSION: The ratio of AST to ALT appears to be a useful index for acute alcohol intoxication. NO is involved in the mechanism of acute alcohol intoxication.展开更多
Moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) for two weeks increased the activity of both total antioxidation and SOD in rat plasma and gastric mucosa, decreased the content of MDA in the plasma butnot in the gastric mucosa.
Butyl hydroxyanisole(BHA) is usually blended with other synthetic antioxidants to improve the antioxidative property due to synergistic antioxidation. However, the synergistic antioxidation mechanisms of BHA with syne...Butyl hydroxyanisole(BHA) is usually blended with other synthetic antioxidants to improve the antioxidative property due to synergistic antioxidation. However, the synergistic antioxidation mechanisms of BHA with synergists have not been revealed yet. Thus, the antioxidation of BHA with butylated hydroxytoluene(BHT), tert-butylhydroquinone(TBHQ), or propyl gallate(PG) was investigated in the 2,2-azobis(2-amidino-propane) dihydrochloride oxidizing system. The contents of BHA, BHT, TBHQ,PG, and transformation products were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Transformation products were identified with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Results showed that synergistic antioxidation occurred between BHA and BHT, TBHQ, or PG. The synergistic antioxidation effect of BHA and BHT was attributed to the regeneration of BHA by BHT. Transformation products of BHA and BHT(compounds 6 and 7, dimers of BHA and BHT) had little contribution due to the relatively low content(<0.6%). The synergistic antioxidation effect of BHA and TBHQ or BHA and PG was attributed to the protective mechanism of TBHQ or PG on BHA. No transformation products were detected of BHA and TBHQ. Transformation products of BHA and PG(compounds 9 and 10, dimers of BHA and PG) had limited contribution due to the relatively low percentage(<7%). Therefore, BHA and BHT performed competitive antioxidation,while BHA and TBHQ or PG performed protective antioxidation.展开更多
Objective: To investigate cosmetic potential of Syzygium aromaticum L.(S. aromaticum L.) and to determine its antioxidant and anti-wrinkling effects. Methods: Using highperformance liquid chromatography, eugenol compo...Objective: To investigate cosmetic potential of Syzygium aromaticum L.(S. aromaticum L.) and to determine its antioxidant and anti-wrinkling effects. Methods: Using highperformance liquid chromatography, eugenol component was quantitated. The antioxidant activity of S. aromaticum L. was analyzed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging and superoxide dismutase like activities. To determine cell viability, elastase and matrix metalloproteinase-1(MMP-1) activity, human dermal fibroblasts(HS68) were treated with S. aromaticum L. The inhibitory effect of S. aromaticum L. on tumor necrosis factor alpha induced MMPs expression in HS68 was analyzed by realtime-PCR. Results: The eugenol content was confirmed in S. aromaticum L. S. aromaticum L. was observed to have high 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and superoxide dismutase like activity. S. aromaticum L. had no cytotoxicity against the HS68 and dose-dependently increased elastase inhibition. Moreover, S. aromaticum L. significantly decreased MMP-1 content and inhibited gene levels of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3 and MMP-9. Conclusions: The findings suggest that S. aromaticum L. has great potential as a cosmeceutical ingredient with antioxidant and antiwrinkling effects.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To make full of resource,the bioactivity and active constituent analysis were firstly system⁃atically investigated on damask rose flower residue(DRFR).METHODS DPPH and ABTS experiments were applied to assess...OBJECTIVE To make full of resource,the bioactivity and active constituent analysis were firstly system⁃atically investigated on damask rose flower residue(DRFR).METHODS DPPH and ABTS experiments were applied to assess the antioxidant activity of DRFR.Then,column chromatography was used to purify compounds from DRFR-A,and the chemical structure was identified using nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR).The total phenolic acid content was measured by folin-ciocalteu colorimetric method and the content of gallic acid the indicator ingredient,was detected by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).RESULTS By DPPH and ABTS experiments,an antioxidation extract(DRFR-A)was found and displayed a high activity both on DPPH(IC50:2.760 mg·L^-1)and ABTS(IC50:2.258 mg·L^-1)compared to positive control VC.Ten compounds were isolated and identified from DRFR-A,and the most are phenolic acids.Among them,pyrogallic acid,2-phenylethyl-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate,p-hydroxybenzoic acid and p-hydroxy⁃phenethyl alcohol were obtained from the plant for the first time.The content of total phenolic acids and main ingredient,gallic acid,in DRFR-A was determined as 63.73%and 5.12%,respectively.CONCLUSION This study provides reliable science data and lays the foundation for the development and utilization of rose residue,and hence for the full utilization of rose resources.展开更多
The antioxidant effects of quercetin were studied in vitro and in vivo.In vitro,vitamin C was used as a positive control to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of quercetin in three aspects:scavenging free radicals,prot...The antioxidant effects of quercetin were studied in vitro and in vivo.In vitro,vitamin C was used as a positive control to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of quercetin in three aspects:scavenging free radicals,protecting biological macromolecules and the total reducing power.In vivo,a total of 240 AA broilers(1-day age)with similar body weight were randomly divided into four groups with six replicates in each group,and 10 broilers in each replicate.The four groups were fed with corn-soybean basal diet supplemented with 0.00%,0.02%,0.04%and 0.06%quercetin to study its effects on antioxidant indexes of AA broilers,and to explore the optimal dose of quercetin as a dietary additive.The results showed that quercetin scavenged superoxide anion,hydroxyl radical and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)in vitro,the scavenging effects of quercetin on O_(2)-and•OH first increased and then decreased with the increase of the concentrations(P<0.01),and its maximum scavenging effect was observed at concentrations of 40 and 300 mg·L^(-1).The scavenging effects of quercetin on DPPH was increased constantly with increasing concentrations.The scavenging effect of quercetin on three free radicals was DPPH>•OH>O_(2)-.The inhibition of vitelline lipoprotein peroxidation by quercetin was increased with increasing concentrations(P<0.01)and the inhibitory effect was higher than that of vitamin C.The inhibition of red blood cell hemolysis by quercetin was increased with increasing concentrations at 0.05-1.25 mg·L^(-1)(P<0.01);however,the inhibition tended to decrease when the concentration was too high(31.25 mg·L^(-1)),and the inhibitory effect was higher than that of vitamin C.The inhibition of mitochondrial expansion by quercetin was increased with increasing concentrations,according to the degree of mitochondrial expansion at 60 min,the integrity of mitochondria in the experimental groups was significantly higher than that in the model group(P<0.01).The total reducing power of quercetin was increased with increasing concentrations(P<0.01);however,the total reducing power was less than that of vitamin C.In vivo,malondialdehyde(MDA)and nitric oxide(NO)were significantly decreased with increasing quercetin(P<0.01).Quercetin supplementation had no effect on the content of lipid peroxidation(LPO)in livers(P>0.05);however,superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity was significantly increased,whereas glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and catalase(CAT)activities were significantly decreased in livers with increasing quercetin(P<0.05).These results suggested that quercetin exhibited strong antioxidant effects in vitro and in vivo.展开更多
This study aims to investigate the effects of EGCG on the lipid deposition and liver anti-oxidative capacity of broilers under heat stress.One hundred and ninety-two 2-week-old broilers were divided into four groups w...This study aims to investigate the effects of EGCG on the lipid deposition and liver anti-oxidative capacity of broilers under heat stress.One hundred and ninety-two 2-week-old broilers were divided into four groups with 6 replicates per group and 8 chickens per replicate:one thermoneutral control group(28℃,TN group),which was fed the basal diet,and three cyclic high-temperature groups(35℃from 7:00 to 19:00 h;28℃from 19:00 h to 7:00 h,heat stress(HS)group),which were fed the basal diet added with EGCG at doses of 0(HS0 group),300(HS300 group),and 600 mg/kg(HS600 group),respectively.The liver metabolism and lipid deposition indices were performed at 35 d of age.The results showed that heat stress decreased the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),and the Nrf2 mRNA expression in liver,and increase significantly the levels of malondialdehyde(MDA)and the expression of LITAF,NF-KB,FAS,SREBP1 mRNA and the lipid deposition compared with TN group.EGCG(HS300 and HS600 group)increased the activities of SOD and GSH-Px and catalase(CAT),increased the Nrf2 mRNA expression,decreased the MDA contents,and reduced the lipid deposition and expression of LITAF,NF-KB,FAS and SREBP1 mRNA.In conclusion,the results of this study show that EGCG can improve liver antioxidative capacity to alleviate oxidative damage caused by heat stress.展开更多
Chinese herbal medicine additives can not only directly improve the growth performance of chickens,but also indirectly affect the growth of chickens by enhancing the antioxidant capacity,immunity and disease resistanc...Chinese herbal medicine additives can not only directly improve the growth performance of chickens,but also indirectly affect the growth of chickens by enhancing the antioxidant capacity,immunity and disease resistance of the body,and eliminating diseases and adverse factors,thereby improving the growth performance of chickens.In the context of the current national prohibition of adding antibiotics to feed,the research and application of Chinese herbal medicine additives are of practical significance to eliminate the long-term use of antibiotics as chicken feed additives and reduce the threat to the environment and human health.For this reason,the research related to the substitution of Chinese herbal medicine for antibiotics is made a brief introduction to provide a reference in research and production practice.展开更多
In search for new antioxidant agents derived from 6-azauracil, the spiro-5-(flurin-9’-yl)-6-azauracil <strong>3</strong> and their <em>N</em>,<em>N</em>-disubstituted-6-azauracils ...In search for new antioxidant agents derived from 6-azauracil, the spiro-5-(flurin-9’-yl)-6-azauracil <strong>3</strong> and their <em>N</em>,<em>N</em>-disubstituted-6-azauracils <strong>4</strong> - <strong>17</strong> have been synthesized using various methods and reaction conditions. Structure of the new synthesized compounds was deduced from elemental analysis and spectral measurements, for example IR, 1H/13C NMR and mass spectroscopy. The antioxidant evaluation of the new targets showed that the activity increases in the order of <strong>8</strong> > <strong>10</strong> > <strong>6</strong> > <strong>7</strong> > <strong>9</strong> in comparison with 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ascorbic acid as standards.展开更多
Scalp inflammation is a fundamental issue to many unhealthy scalp symptoms such as itching, redness, dandruff, and odor. Oxidized sebum, or specifically oxidization of the squalene component in sebum, is one of the ke...Scalp inflammation is a fundamental issue to many unhealthy scalp symptoms such as itching, redness, dandruff, and odor. Oxidized sebum, or specifically oxidization of the squalene component in sebum, is one of the key reasons causing scalp inflammation. Therefore, antioxidation of the sebum is an important way to maintain scalp health. In this study, we investigated the relationship between squalene peroxide formed and its exposure time under UVA light. Further, we found two oil-soluble antioxidants, ginger root extract and vitamin E, being effective on antioxidation of sebum, and can be potentially used as scalp care actives.展开更多
Background Ginkgo biloba extract(GBE)is evidenced to be effective in the prevention and alleviation of metabolic disorders,including obesity,diabetes and fatty liver disease.However,the role of GBE in alleviating fatt...Background Ginkgo biloba extract(GBE)is evidenced to be effective in the prevention and alleviation of metabolic disorders,including obesity,diabetes and fatty liver disease.However,the role of GBE in alleviating fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome(FLHS)in laying hens and the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated.Here,we investigated the effects of GBE on relieving FLHS with an emphasis on the modulatory role of GBE in chicken gut microbiota.Results The results showed that GBE treatment ameliorated biochemical blood indicators in high-fat diet(HFD)-induced FLHS laying hen model by decreasing the levels of TG,TC,ALT and ALP.The lipid accumulation and pathological score of liver were also relieved after GBE treatment.Moreover,GBE treatment enhanced the antioxidant activity of liver and serum by increasing GSH,SOD,T-AOC,GSH-PX and reducing MDA,and downregulated the expression of genes related to lipid synthesis(FAS,LXRα,GPAT1,PPARγand Ch REBP1)and inflammatory cytokines(TNF-α,IL-6,TLR4 and NF-κB)in the liver.Microbial profiling analysis revealed that GBE treatment reshaped the HFD-perturbed gut microbiota,particularly elevated the abundance of Megasphaera in the cecum.Meanwhile,targeted metabolomic analysis of SCFAs revealed that GBE treatment significantly promoted the production of total SCFAs,acetate and propionate,which were positively correlated with the GBE-enriched gut microbiota.Finally,we confirmed that the GBE-altered gut microbiota was sufficient to alleviate FLHS by fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT).Conclusions We provided evidence that GBE alleviated FLHS in HFD-induced laying hens through reshaping the composition of gut microbiota.Our findings shed light on mechanism underlying the anti-FLHS efficacy of GBE and lay foundations for future use of GBE as additive to prevent and control FLHS in laying hen industry.展开更多
Phlorizin(PHL)is a natural compound with strong antioxidant properties mainly found in apples.In this paper,the interaction mechanism of PHL with pepsin and trypsin was comparatively evaluated by computer simulation,f...Phlorizin(PHL)is a natural compound with strong antioxidant properties mainly found in apples.In this paper,the interaction mechanism of PHL with pepsin and trypsin was comparatively evaluated by computer simulation,fluorescence spectra,circular dichroism(CD),and Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR)spectra at a molecular level.Fluorescence spectra showed that PHL quenches the pepsin/trypsin by static quenching.Thermodynamic parameters indicated that PHL binds to pepsin mainly through hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces,and that of trypsin was electrostatic forces.The ground state complexes PHL and protease have a moderate affinity of 105 L/mol PHL binds more strongly to trypsin than to pepsin.CD and FT-IR spectra results showed that pepsin/trypsin decreased theβ-sheet content and slightly changed its secondary structure upon PHL.These experimental results are mutually verified with the predicted computer-aid simulation results.Upon PHL and trypsin binding,the antioxidant capacity of PHL was elevated.Nevertheless,the antioxidant capacity of PHL was decreased after binding to pepsin.This work elucidates the binding of PHL binding mechanisms to pepsin/trypsin and provides useful information for the digestion of PHL to improve the application of PHL in food processing.展开更多
PROLINE(Pro)is an essential amino acid for proteins and free Pro extensively exists in plants.Pro accumulates in plant cells in response to water stress,salinity,low temperature,air pollu-tants,etc.and has been mainly...PROLINE(Pro)is an essential amino acid for proteins and free Pro extensively exists in plants.Pro accumulates in plant cells in response to water stress,salinity,low temperature,air pollu-tants,etc.and has been mainly studied for its role in the osmotic adjustment of plants subject-ed to drought and salinity.In addition to acting as a cytoplasmic osmoticum,Pro展开更多
This study looks into the influence of cosmic radiation at high altitudes on human bodies. Results reveal that the cytokinesis-block micronuclei (CBMN) and conventional cultured micronuclei in peripheral blood lymphoc...This study looks into the influence of cosmic radiation at high altitudes on human bodies. Results reveal that the cytokinesis-block micronuclei (CBMN) and conventional cultured micronuclei in peripheral blood lymphocytes, serum levels of lipid peroxide, superoxide dismutase, and the total antioxidation capacity by chemical colorimetry all increased significantly in aircrew members. There exists a linear relationship between the CBMN and the average annual effective doses of radiation received or the average annual flying hours. With both of them, a trend shows that the serum lipid peroxide levels increase as well. Either the lipid peroxide or CBMN can sensitively reflect the recent changes in flight load. These findings indicate that cosmic radiation impairs the stability of chromosomes and genome, and induces lipid oxidative damage in aircrews; Lymphocyte CBMN and serum lipid peroxide can be used as monitoring indicators in the cosmic radiation protection for aircrew members.展开更多
Oxidative stress is associated with many acute and chronic inflammatory diseases.Development of nanomaterial-based enzyme mimetics for reactive oxygen species(ROS)scavenging is challenging,but holds great promise for ...Oxidative stress is associated with many acute and chronic inflammatory diseases.Development of nanomaterial-based enzyme mimetics for reactive oxygen species(ROS)scavenging is challenging,but holds great promise for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.Herein,we report the highly ordered manganese dioxide encapsulated selenium-melanin(Se@Me@MnO_(2))nanozyme with high efficiency for intracellular antioxidation and anti-inflammation.The Se@Me@MnO_(2)nanozyme is sequentially fabricated through the radical polymerization and the in-situ oxidation-reduction.In vitro experimental results demonstrated that the Se@Me@MnO_(2) nanozyme exhibits multiple enzyme activities to scavenge ROS,including catalase(CAT),glutathione peroxidase(GPx)and superoxide dismutase(SOD).Mechanism researches illustrated that the Se core possesses GPx-like catalytic activity,the Me and the MnO_(2) possess both the SOD-like and the CAT-like activities.What’s more,due to the stable unpaired electrons existing in the nanozyme,the Se,Me and MnO_(2) provide synergistic and fast electron transfer effect to achieve the quickly scavenging of hydrogen peroxide,hydroxyl radical,and superoxide anion.Further in vivo experimental results showed that this biocompatible nanozyme exhibits cytoprotective effects by resisting ROS-mediated damage,thereby alleviating the inflammation.This multienzyme mimetics is believed to be an excellent ROS scavenger and have a good potential in clinical therapy for ROS-related diseases.展开更多
Two N-containing borates, BTES and BMES, were synthesized with dodecyl phenol, 2-(N-containing heterocyclic) ethan-1-ol, boric acid, and dibutylamine, and their tribological properties in rapeseed oil(RSO) were invest...Two N-containing borates, BTES and BMES, were synthesized with dodecyl phenol, 2-(N-containing heterocyclic) ethan-1-ol, boric acid, and dibutylamine, and their tribological properties in rapeseed oil(RSO) were investigated using a four-ball tester. The results showed that the load-carrying ability(P_B value) of RSO can be improved by 40.9% and 67.9%, respectively, when using 0.5 wt% BTES and BMES. Moreover, the antiwear and friction-reducing performances of the additive-containing oils increased with the additive concentration. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results of the worn steel ball surfaces showed that BTES and BMES formed protective films, which contained boron oxide, iron oxide, ferrous sulfate, ferrous sulfide(for BMES), and other organic nitrogen compounds, on the metal surfaces. The better load-carrying and antiwear performances of BMES than those of BTES might be due to their different sulfur contents, which result in different tribochemical reaction films on the contact surfaces. The oxidation stability tests showed that BTES and BMES possessed synergistic antioxidation activity with N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine(T531), and consequently, the oxidation activation energy of the oil sample increased by 77.85% and 82.19%, respectively, compared with that of RSO when the oil sample contained 0.05 wt% BTES/BMES and 0.25% T531.展开更多
Betalains are natural coloring pigments with betalamic acid as the core structure of all subclasses.Besides their coloring properties,betalains exhibit various biological activities,including antioxidant and anti-infl...Betalains are natural coloring pigments with betalamic acid as the core structure of all subclasses.Besides their coloring properties,betalains exhibit various biological activities,including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties,which are highly imperative.Further in-vivo studies reported that betalains protect various body organs,leading to health enhancement.Body organs,including the heart,liver,kidney,lung,etc.,are important for a healthy life.However,these organs can be affected or damaged by various stress factors,toxicants,and harmful substances.Recent studies have claimed that betalains could protect all vital organs of the body through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.This review article described the in-vivo antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of betalains in various cell-line or animal models.A comprehensive discussion has been provided on the mechanism of action of betalains in protecting various body organs,including cardio-protective effect,hepato-protective ability,renal protection capacity,repro-protective ability,neuro-protective effect,lung protection,and gut protection ability.Finally,future research directions and conclusions have been outlined.展开更多
基金Funding Statement:This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China[No.31901260]Special Fund of Chinese Central Government for Basic Scientific Research Operations in Commonweal Research Institutes[No.CAFYBB2019SY037].
文摘It is of considerable significance to develop efficient and environmentally friendly machinery lubricant additives because of the increasing depletion of petrochemical resources and severe environmental problems.Herein,we proposed a facile strategy to synthesize a multifunctional vegetable oil-based lubricant via the lignin derivative vanillin coupled to amine and diethyl phosphite to produce a lubricating additive with both extreme pressure and antioxidant properties.Compared with pure tung oil,the lubricating and antioxidant performance of tung oil is significantly improved after adding additives.Adding the 1.0 wt%additive to the tung oil reduced the friction wear coefficient and the volume,and the oxidation induction time was much longer than pure tung oil.
文摘BACKGROUND: Around the world more and more people suffer from acute alcoholism. The purpose of this study was to determine hepatic enzymes and oxidation/antioxidation in rats with acute alcoholism. METHODS: Rats were randomly divided into three groups; control, low-dose alcohol, and high-dose alcohol. Each al- cohol group ( n = 12) was intravenously infused with etha- nol at a dose of 0.3 or 0.7 g/kg body weight respectively. The control group (n =11) was intravenously infused with normal saline at a dose of 0.5 g/kg body weight. Blood was collected for detection of hepatic enzymes and index of oxidation/antioxidation. RESULTS: The ratio of AST to ALT was 2.44±0.46, 2.57± 0.60 and 3.03 ±0.46 in the three groups, and the difference was significant between the control and high-dose alcohol groups (P^0.05). No significant changes were observed in the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspar- tate aminotransferase (AST), total protein (Tp), albumin (Alb), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), cholinesterase (ChE), total bilirubin (TB), C-reactive protein (CRP) and amy- lase. The levels of serum nitric oxide (NO) in the 3 groups were 39.2 ±73.25 mol/L, 42.30 ±4.60 mol/L and 47.86± 4.66 mol/L, and significant difference was seen between the control group and the high-dose alcohol group (P < 0.01). No significant difference was found in the levels of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), malondiethylaldehyde (MDA), and CRP in the 3 groups. CONCLUSION: The ratio of AST to ALT appears to be a useful index for acute alcohol intoxication. NO is involved in the mechanism of acute alcohol intoxication.
文摘Moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) for two weeks increased the activity of both total antioxidation and SOD in rat plasma and gastric mucosa, decreased the content of MDA in the plasma butnot in the gastric mucosa.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172131)the Innovative Funds Plan of Henan University of Technology(2020ZKCJ10)the Doctoral Scientific Research Startup Foundation from Henan University of Technology(2021BS016)。
文摘Butyl hydroxyanisole(BHA) is usually blended with other synthetic antioxidants to improve the antioxidative property due to synergistic antioxidation. However, the synergistic antioxidation mechanisms of BHA with synergists have not been revealed yet. Thus, the antioxidation of BHA with butylated hydroxytoluene(BHT), tert-butylhydroquinone(TBHQ), or propyl gallate(PG) was investigated in the 2,2-azobis(2-amidino-propane) dihydrochloride oxidizing system. The contents of BHA, BHT, TBHQ,PG, and transformation products were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Transformation products were identified with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Results showed that synergistic antioxidation occurred between BHA and BHT, TBHQ, or PG. The synergistic antioxidation effect of BHA and BHT was attributed to the regeneration of BHA by BHT. Transformation products of BHA and BHT(compounds 6 and 7, dimers of BHA and BHT) had little contribution due to the relatively low content(<0.6%). The synergistic antioxidation effect of BHA and TBHQ or BHA and PG was attributed to the protective mechanism of TBHQ or PG on BHA. No transformation products were detected of BHA and TBHQ. Transformation products of BHA and PG(compounds 9 and 10, dimers of BHA and PG) had limited contribution due to the relatively low percentage(<7%). Therefore, BHA and BHT performed competitive antioxidation,while BHA and TBHQ or PG performed protective antioxidation.
文摘Objective: To investigate cosmetic potential of Syzygium aromaticum L.(S. aromaticum L.) and to determine its antioxidant and anti-wrinkling effects. Methods: Using highperformance liquid chromatography, eugenol component was quantitated. The antioxidant activity of S. aromaticum L. was analyzed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging and superoxide dismutase like activities. To determine cell viability, elastase and matrix metalloproteinase-1(MMP-1) activity, human dermal fibroblasts(HS68) were treated with S. aromaticum L. The inhibitory effect of S. aromaticum L. on tumor necrosis factor alpha induced MMPs expression in HS68 was analyzed by realtime-PCR. Results: The eugenol content was confirmed in S. aromaticum L. S. aromaticum L. was observed to have high 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and superoxide dismutase like activity. S. aromaticum L. had no cytotoxicity against the HS68 and dose-dependently increased elastase inhibition. Moreover, S. aromaticum L. significantly decreased MMP-1 content and inhibited gene levels of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3 and MMP-9. Conclusions: The findings suggest that S. aromaticum L. has great potential as a cosmeceutical ingredient with antioxidant and antiwrinkling effects.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(331/313400531021)
文摘OBJECTIVE To make full of resource,the bioactivity and active constituent analysis were firstly system⁃atically investigated on damask rose flower residue(DRFR).METHODS DPPH and ABTS experiments were applied to assess the antioxidant activity of DRFR.Then,column chromatography was used to purify compounds from DRFR-A,and the chemical structure was identified using nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR).The total phenolic acid content was measured by folin-ciocalteu colorimetric method and the content of gallic acid the indicator ingredient,was detected by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).RESULTS By DPPH and ABTS experiments,an antioxidation extract(DRFR-A)was found and displayed a high activity both on DPPH(IC50:2.760 mg·L^-1)and ABTS(IC50:2.258 mg·L^-1)compared to positive control VC.Ten compounds were isolated and identified from DRFR-A,and the most are phenolic acids.Among them,pyrogallic acid,2-phenylethyl-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate,p-hydroxybenzoic acid and p-hydroxy⁃phenethyl alcohol were obtained from the plant for the first time.The content of total phenolic acids and main ingredient,gallic acid,in DRFR-A was determined as 63.73%and 5.12%,respectively.CONCLUSION This study provides reliable science data and lays the foundation for the development and utilization of rose residue,and hence for the full utilization of rose resources.
基金Supposed by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072749)。
文摘The antioxidant effects of quercetin were studied in vitro and in vivo.In vitro,vitamin C was used as a positive control to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of quercetin in three aspects:scavenging free radicals,protecting biological macromolecules and the total reducing power.In vivo,a total of 240 AA broilers(1-day age)with similar body weight were randomly divided into four groups with six replicates in each group,and 10 broilers in each replicate.The four groups were fed with corn-soybean basal diet supplemented with 0.00%,0.02%,0.04%and 0.06%quercetin to study its effects on antioxidant indexes of AA broilers,and to explore the optimal dose of quercetin as a dietary additive.The results showed that quercetin scavenged superoxide anion,hydroxyl radical and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)in vitro,the scavenging effects of quercetin on O_(2)-and•OH first increased and then decreased with the increase of the concentrations(P<0.01),and its maximum scavenging effect was observed at concentrations of 40 and 300 mg·L^(-1).The scavenging effects of quercetin on DPPH was increased constantly with increasing concentrations.The scavenging effect of quercetin on three free radicals was DPPH>•OH>O_(2)-.The inhibition of vitelline lipoprotein peroxidation by quercetin was increased with increasing concentrations(P<0.01)and the inhibitory effect was higher than that of vitamin C.The inhibition of red blood cell hemolysis by quercetin was increased with increasing concentrations at 0.05-1.25 mg·L^(-1)(P<0.01);however,the inhibition tended to decrease when the concentration was too high(31.25 mg·L^(-1)),and the inhibitory effect was higher than that of vitamin C.The inhibition of mitochondrial expansion by quercetin was increased with increasing concentrations,according to the degree of mitochondrial expansion at 60 min,the integrity of mitochondria in the experimental groups was significantly higher than that in the model group(P<0.01).The total reducing power of quercetin was increased with increasing concentrations(P<0.01);however,the total reducing power was less than that of vitamin C.In vivo,malondialdehyde(MDA)and nitric oxide(NO)were significantly decreased with increasing quercetin(P<0.01).Quercetin supplementation had no effect on the content of lipid peroxidation(LPO)in livers(P>0.05);however,superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity was significantly increased,whereas glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and catalase(CAT)activities were significantly decreased in livers with increasing quercetin(P<0.05).These results suggested that quercetin exhibited strong antioxidant effects in vitro and in vivo.
文摘This study aims to investigate the effects of EGCG on the lipid deposition and liver anti-oxidative capacity of broilers under heat stress.One hundred and ninety-two 2-week-old broilers were divided into four groups with 6 replicates per group and 8 chickens per replicate:one thermoneutral control group(28℃,TN group),which was fed the basal diet,and three cyclic high-temperature groups(35℃from 7:00 to 19:00 h;28℃from 19:00 h to 7:00 h,heat stress(HS)group),which were fed the basal diet added with EGCG at doses of 0(HS0 group),300(HS300 group),and 600 mg/kg(HS600 group),respectively.The liver metabolism and lipid deposition indices were performed at 35 d of age.The results showed that heat stress decreased the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),and the Nrf2 mRNA expression in liver,and increase significantly the levels of malondialdehyde(MDA)and the expression of LITAF,NF-KB,FAS,SREBP1 mRNA and the lipid deposition compared with TN group.EGCG(HS300 and HS600 group)increased the activities of SOD and GSH-Px and catalase(CAT),increased the Nrf2 mRNA expression,decreased the MDA contents,and reduced the lipid deposition and expression of LITAF,NF-KB,FAS and SREBP1 mRNA.In conclusion,the results of this study show that EGCG can improve liver antioxidative capacity to alleviate oxidative damage caused by heat stress.
基金Supported by Guangxi Innovation Team Construction Project of National Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System(nycytxgxcxtd-19)Guangxi Agricultural Science and Technology Self Financing Project(Z2022114)。
文摘Chinese herbal medicine additives can not only directly improve the growth performance of chickens,but also indirectly affect the growth of chickens by enhancing the antioxidant capacity,immunity and disease resistance of the body,and eliminating diseases and adverse factors,thereby improving the growth performance of chickens.In the context of the current national prohibition of adding antibiotics to feed,the research and application of Chinese herbal medicine additives are of practical significance to eliminate the long-term use of antibiotics as chicken feed additives and reduce the threat to the environment and human health.For this reason,the research related to the substitution of Chinese herbal medicine for antibiotics is made a brief introduction to provide a reference in research and production practice.
文摘In search for new antioxidant agents derived from 6-azauracil, the spiro-5-(flurin-9’-yl)-6-azauracil <strong>3</strong> and their <em>N</em>,<em>N</em>-disubstituted-6-azauracils <strong>4</strong> - <strong>17</strong> have been synthesized using various methods and reaction conditions. Structure of the new synthesized compounds was deduced from elemental analysis and spectral measurements, for example IR, 1H/13C NMR and mass spectroscopy. The antioxidant evaluation of the new targets showed that the activity increases in the order of <strong>8</strong> > <strong>10</strong> > <strong>6</strong> > <strong>7</strong> > <strong>9</strong> in comparison with 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ascorbic acid as standards.
文摘Scalp inflammation is a fundamental issue to many unhealthy scalp symptoms such as itching, redness, dandruff, and odor. Oxidized sebum, or specifically oxidization of the squalene component in sebum, is one of the key reasons causing scalp inflammation. Therefore, antioxidation of the sebum is an important way to maintain scalp health. In this study, we investigated the relationship between squalene peroxide formed and its exposure time under UVA light. Further, we found two oil-soluble antioxidants, ginger root extract and vitamin E, being effective on antioxidation of sebum, and can be potentially used as scalp care actives.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFA1304201)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(6222032)+2 种基金the Starting Grants Program for Young Talents at China Agricultural Universitythe 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural UniversityChinese Universities Scientific Fund。
文摘Background Ginkgo biloba extract(GBE)is evidenced to be effective in the prevention and alleviation of metabolic disorders,including obesity,diabetes and fatty liver disease.However,the role of GBE in alleviating fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome(FLHS)in laying hens and the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated.Here,we investigated the effects of GBE on relieving FLHS with an emphasis on the modulatory role of GBE in chicken gut microbiota.Results The results showed that GBE treatment ameliorated biochemical blood indicators in high-fat diet(HFD)-induced FLHS laying hen model by decreasing the levels of TG,TC,ALT and ALP.The lipid accumulation and pathological score of liver were also relieved after GBE treatment.Moreover,GBE treatment enhanced the antioxidant activity of liver and serum by increasing GSH,SOD,T-AOC,GSH-PX and reducing MDA,and downregulated the expression of genes related to lipid synthesis(FAS,LXRα,GPAT1,PPARγand Ch REBP1)and inflammatory cytokines(TNF-α,IL-6,TLR4 and NF-κB)in the liver.Microbial profiling analysis revealed that GBE treatment reshaped the HFD-perturbed gut microbiota,particularly elevated the abundance of Megasphaera in the cecum.Meanwhile,targeted metabolomic analysis of SCFAs revealed that GBE treatment significantly promoted the production of total SCFAs,acetate and propionate,which were positively correlated with the GBE-enriched gut microbiota.Finally,we confirmed that the GBE-altered gut microbiota was sufficient to alleviate FLHS by fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT).Conclusions We provided evidence that GBE alleviated FLHS in HFD-induced laying hens through reshaping the composition of gut microbiota.Our findings shed light on mechanism underlying the anti-FLHS efficacy of GBE and lay foundations for future use of GBE as additive to prevent and control FLHS in laying hen industry.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21808020)the Applied Basic Research Program of Science&Technology Department of Sichuan Province(2018JY0151)。
文摘Phlorizin(PHL)is a natural compound with strong antioxidant properties mainly found in apples.In this paper,the interaction mechanism of PHL with pepsin and trypsin was comparatively evaluated by computer simulation,fluorescence spectra,circular dichroism(CD),and Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR)spectra at a molecular level.Fluorescence spectra showed that PHL quenches the pepsin/trypsin by static quenching.Thermodynamic parameters indicated that PHL binds to pepsin mainly through hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces,and that of trypsin was electrostatic forces.The ground state complexes PHL and protease have a moderate affinity of 105 L/mol PHL binds more strongly to trypsin than to pepsin.CD and FT-IR spectra results showed that pepsin/trypsin decreased theβ-sheet content and slightly changed its secondary structure upon PHL.These experimental results are mutually verified with the predicted computer-aid simulation results.Upon PHL and trypsin binding,the antioxidant capacity of PHL was elevated.Nevertheless,the antioxidant capacity of PHL was decreased after binding to pepsin.This work elucidates the binding of PHL binding mechanisms to pepsin/trypsin and provides useful information for the digestion of PHL to improve the application of PHL in food processing.
文摘PROLINE(Pro)is an essential amino acid for proteins and free Pro extensively exists in plants.Pro accumulates in plant cells in response to water stress,salinity,low temperature,air pollu-tants,etc.and has been mainly studied for its role in the osmotic adjustment of plants subject-ed to drought and salinity.In addition to acting as a cytoplasmic osmoticum,Pro
基金This work was supported by the Science Foundation of Civil Aviation Administration of China (Grant No. 99-3-3).
文摘This study looks into the influence of cosmic radiation at high altitudes on human bodies. Results reveal that the cytokinesis-block micronuclei (CBMN) and conventional cultured micronuclei in peripheral blood lymphocytes, serum levels of lipid peroxide, superoxide dismutase, and the total antioxidation capacity by chemical colorimetry all increased significantly in aircrew members. There exists a linear relationship between the CBMN and the average annual effective doses of radiation received or the average annual flying hours. With both of them, a trend shows that the serum lipid peroxide levels increase as well. Either the lipid peroxide or CBMN can sensitively reflect the recent changes in flight load. These findings indicate that cosmic radiation impairs the stability of chromosomes and genome, and induces lipid oxidative damage in aircrews; Lymphocyte CBMN and serum lipid peroxide can be used as monitoring indicators in the cosmic radiation protection for aircrew members.
基金supported by the Innovation Zone Project(No.18-163-12-ZT-003-077-01)Health Major Project(Nos.BWS17J028 and AWS16J018)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81872835,21621003,and 21563010).
文摘Oxidative stress is associated with many acute and chronic inflammatory diseases.Development of nanomaterial-based enzyme mimetics for reactive oxygen species(ROS)scavenging is challenging,but holds great promise for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.Herein,we report the highly ordered manganese dioxide encapsulated selenium-melanin(Se@Me@MnO_(2))nanozyme with high efficiency for intracellular antioxidation and anti-inflammation.The Se@Me@MnO_(2)nanozyme is sequentially fabricated through the radical polymerization and the in-situ oxidation-reduction.In vitro experimental results demonstrated that the Se@Me@MnO_(2) nanozyme exhibits multiple enzyme activities to scavenge ROS,including catalase(CAT),glutathione peroxidase(GPx)and superoxide dismutase(SOD).Mechanism researches illustrated that the Se core possesses GPx-like catalytic activity,the Me and the MnO_(2) possess both the SOD-like and the CAT-like activities.What’s more,due to the stable unpaired electrons existing in the nanozyme,the Se,Me and MnO_(2) provide synergistic and fast electron transfer effect to achieve the quickly scavenging of hydrogen peroxide,hydroxyl radical,and superoxide anion.Further in vivo experimental results showed that this biocompatible nanozyme exhibits cytoprotective effects by resisting ROS-mediated damage,thereby alleviating the inflammation.This multienzyme mimetics is believed to be an excellent ROS scavenger and have a good potential in clinical therapy for ROS-related diseases.
基金the financial support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21563012 and 21363008)Jiangsu Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.BK20161188)+1 种基金Jiangxi Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.20143ACB20003,20162BCB22020 and 20171BCD40009)Jiangxi Provincial Education Department Foundation of China(No.GJJ170371)
文摘Two N-containing borates, BTES and BMES, were synthesized with dodecyl phenol, 2-(N-containing heterocyclic) ethan-1-ol, boric acid, and dibutylamine, and their tribological properties in rapeseed oil(RSO) were investigated using a four-ball tester. The results showed that the load-carrying ability(P_B value) of RSO can be improved by 40.9% and 67.9%, respectively, when using 0.5 wt% BTES and BMES. Moreover, the antiwear and friction-reducing performances of the additive-containing oils increased with the additive concentration. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results of the worn steel ball surfaces showed that BTES and BMES formed protective films, which contained boron oxide, iron oxide, ferrous sulfate, ferrous sulfide(for BMES), and other organic nitrogen compounds, on the metal surfaces. The better load-carrying and antiwear performances of BMES than those of BTES might be due to their different sulfur contents, which result in different tribochemical reaction films on the contact surfaces. The oxidation stability tests showed that BTES and BMES possessed synergistic antioxidation activity with N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine(T531), and consequently, the oxidation activation energy of the oil sample increased by 77.85% and 82.19%, respectively, compared with that of RSO when the oil sample contained 0.05 wt% BTES/BMES and 0.25% T531.
文摘Betalains are natural coloring pigments with betalamic acid as the core structure of all subclasses.Besides their coloring properties,betalains exhibit various biological activities,including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties,which are highly imperative.Further in-vivo studies reported that betalains protect various body organs,leading to health enhancement.Body organs,including the heart,liver,kidney,lung,etc.,are important for a healthy life.However,these organs can be affected or damaged by various stress factors,toxicants,and harmful substances.Recent studies have claimed that betalains could protect all vital organs of the body through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.This review article described the in-vivo antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of betalains in various cell-line or animal models.A comprehensive discussion has been provided on the mechanism of action of betalains in protecting various body organs,including cardio-protective effect,hepato-protective ability,renal protection capacity,repro-protective ability,neuro-protective effect,lung protection,and gut protection ability.Finally,future research directions and conclusions have been outlined.
