[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the antitussive and anti-inflammatory effects of Miao medicine Aspidistra caespitosa C.Pei.[Methods]A mouse cough model was made by the SO 2 cough induction method,a...[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the antitussive and anti-inflammatory effects of Miao medicine Aspidistra caespitosa C.Pei.[Methods]A mouse cough model was made by the SO 2 cough induction method,and the antitussive effects of different extraction fractions of A.caespitosa were observed.The inflammation models of acute inflammatory ear swelling in mice caused by xylene,granuloma in mice caused by cotton balls,and footpad swelling in mice caused by carrageenan were made,and the different extraction fractions were used to observe the effects of different extraction fractions on mouse ear swelling,granuloma and footpad swelling.And the levels of interleukin 6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor(TNF-a)in the serum of different groups of mice were detected to screen out the extraction fractions of A.caespitosa with good antitussive and anti-inflammatory activity.[Results]Antitussive experiments on mice showed that the water layer extraction fraction,ethyl acetate extraction fraction and petroleum ether extraction fraction of Miao medicine A.caespitosa could prolong the incubation period of cough in mice and reduce the number of coughs within 2 min to varying degrees,and its different extraction fractions all had different inhibitory effects on mouse ear swelling,granuloma and footpad swelling.Compared with the blank control group,the different extraction fractions could reduce IL-6,TNF-a and other indicators to different degrees.[Conclusions]Ethyl acetate extraction fraction of A.caespitosa has good antitussive and anti-inflammatory effects.展开更多
In this current paper, the exposure time effects on four endocrine disruptors and teleost fishes were evaluated using the reduced life expectancy (RLE) model based on the effect concentration (EC<sub>50</sub&...In this current paper, the exposure time effects on four endocrine disruptors and teleost fishes were evaluated using the reduced life expectancy (RLE) model based on the effect concentration (EC<sub>50</sub>) of available literature published. The result on the regression analysis over different exposure times has demonstrated that the EC<sub>50</sub> of hepatic biomarkers falls with increasing exposure times in a predictable manner. The slopes of the regression equations reflect the strength of the toxic effects on the various teleost fish. The EC<sub>50</sub> reduction over time can be interpreted based on the bioconcentration process, which can be used to understand transfer routes of the compounds from water to fish body. RLE model also provides useful information in assessing the toxic effects on fish life expectancy as a result of the occurrence of compounds.展开更多
Customer service is the act of supporting customers of a business that can break a business or generate profit in the competitive environment with growing customers’expectations.Regarding the critical role of custome...Customer service is the act of supporting customers of a business that can break a business or generate profit in the competitive environment with growing customers’expectations.Regarding the critical role of customer service to differentiate between businesses,it is considered as one of the top considerations in businesses.However,there is a range of key factors that are tied to the success of a customer service provider in offering quality customer service that will eventually lead the business through exceeding or falling short in responding to customers’expectations.Besides,businesses are prone to face some challenges in the employment of customer services that are required to be addressed.This paper aims to discuss the importance of customer service and the establishment of an efficient customer service strategy in business considering different influential factors that affect offering quality customer services.It also explains challenges that businesses may face in providing amazing customer services and how to address them.展开更多
目的探讨精神幸福感、自我感知老化对社区老年人老化期望的作用。方法2021-08~09月采用便利抽样法,选用一般资料问卷、精神幸福感指数量表(spirituality index of well-being,SIWB)、简版自我感知老化量表(brief ageing perceptions que...目的探讨精神幸福感、自我感知老化对社区老年人老化期望的作用。方法2021-08~09月采用便利抽样法,选用一般资料问卷、精神幸福感指数量表(spirituality index of well-being,SIWB)、简版自我感知老化量表(brief ageing perceptions questionnaire,B-APQ)及老化期望量表(12-item expectations regarding aging,ERA-12)对385名社区老年人进行调查。结果社区老年人的老化期望、自我感知老化、精神幸福感的总分分别为(27.28±3.44)分、(48.07±7.20)分、(41.31±8.19)分。精神幸福感与老化期望呈正相关(r=0.494,P<0.01),与自我感知老化总分呈负相关(r=-0.527,P<0.01)。自我感知老化显著负向预测精神幸福感(β=-1.060,P<0.001),自我感知老化显著负向预测老化期望(β=-0.357,P<0.001),当自我感知老化和精神幸福感同时进入回归分析,自我感知老化对老化期望的预测作用变小,表明精神幸福感在自我感知老化与老化期望关系间起部分中介作用。精神幸福感在自我感知老化与老化期望的间接效应占总效应的32.49%。结论社区老年人老化期望处于中等水平,可通过建立积极的自我感知老化态度提升精神幸福感,进而提高老化期望,以促进积极老龄化。展开更多
基金Scientific and Technological Research Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnic Medicine of Guizhou Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(QZYY2017-116)Scientific Research Project of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(GZYKYN[2017]28).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the antitussive and anti-inflammatory effects of Miao medicine Aspidistra caespitosa C.Pei.[Methods]A mouse cough model was made by the SO 2 cough induction method,and the antitussive effects of different extraction fractions of A.caespitosa were observed.The inflammation models of acute inflammatory ear swelling in mice caused by xylene,granuloma in mice caused by cotton balls,and footpad swelling in mice caused by carrageenan were made,and the different extraction fractions were used to observe the effects of different extraction fractions on mouse ear swelling,granuloma and footpad swelling.And the levels of interleukin 6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor(TNF-a)in the serum of different groups of mice were detected to screen out the extraction fractions of A.caespitosa with good antitussive and anti-inflammatory activity.[Results]Antitussive experiments on mice showed that the water layer extraction fraction,ethyl acetate extraction fraction and petroleum ether extraction fraction of Miao medicine A.caespitosa could prolong the incubation period of cough in mice and reduce the number of coughs within 2 min to varying degrees,and its different extraction fractions all had different inhibitory effects on mouse ear swelling,granuloma and footpad swelling.Compared with the blank control group,the different extraction fractions could reduce IL-6,TNF-a and other indicators to different degrees.[Conclusions]Ethyl acetate extraction fraction of A.caespitosa has good antitussive and anti-inflammatory effects.
文摘In this current paper, the exposure time effects on four endocrine disruptors and teleost fishes were evaluated using the reduced life expectancy (RLE) model based on the effect concentration (EC<sub>50</sub>) of available literature published. The result on the regression analysis over different exposure times has demonstrated that the EC<sub>50</sub> of hepatic biomarkers falls with increasing exposure times in a predictable manner. The slopes of the regression equations reflect the strength of the toxic effects on the various teleost fish. The EC<sub>50</sub> reduction over time can be interpreted based on the bioconcentration process, which can be used to understand transfer routes of the compounds from water to fish body. RLE model also provides useful information in assessing the toxic effects on fish life expectancy as a result of the occurrence of compounds.
文摘Customer service is the act of supporting customers of a business that can break a business or generate profit in the competitive environment with growing customers’expectations.Regarding the critical role of customer service to differentiate between businesses,it is considered as one of the top considerations in businesses.However,there is a range of key factors that are tied to the success of a customer service provider in offering quality customer service that will eventually lead the business through exceeding or falling short in responding to customers’expectations.Besides,businesses are prone to face some challenges in the employment of customer services that are required to be addressed.This paper aims to discuss the importance of customer service and the establishment of an efficient customer service strategy in business considering different influential factors that affect offering quality customer services.It also explains challenges that businesses may face in providing amazing customer services and how to address them.
文摘目的探讨精神幸福感、自我感知老化对社区老年人老化期望的作用。方法2021-08~09月采用便利抽样法,选用一般资料问卷、精神幸福感指数量表(spirituality index of well-being,SIWB)、简版自我感知老化量表(brief ageing perceptions questionnaire,B-APQ)及老化期望量表(12-item expectations regarding aging,ERA-12)对385名社区老年人进行调查。结果社区老年人的老化期望、自我感知老化、精神幸福感的总分分别为(27.28±3.44)分、(48.07±7.20)分、(41.31±8.19)分。精神幸福感与老化期望呈正相关(r=0.494,P<0.01),与自我感知老化总分呈负相关(r=-0.527,P<0.01)。自我感知老化显著负向预测精神幸福感(β=-1.060,P<0.001),自我感知老化显著负向预测老化期望(β=-0.357,P<0.001),当自我感知老化和精神幸福感同时进入回归分析,自我感知老化对老化期望的预测作用变小,表明精神幸福感在自我感知老化与老化期望关系间起部分中介作用。精神幸福感在自我感知老化与老化期望的间接效应占总效应的32.49%。结论社区老年人老化期望处于中等水平,可通过建立积极的自我感知老化态度提升精神幸福感,进而提高老化期望,以促进积极老龄化。
