The global shift towards sustainable food systems has sparked innovations in food sources and production systems,including cell-based meat,plant-based food products,precision fermentation,and 3D food printing.These ad...The global shift towards sustainable food systems has sparked innovations in food sources and production systems,including cell-based meat,plant-based food products,precision fermentation,and 3D food printing.These advancements pose regulatory challenges and opportunities,with China emerging as a critical player in adopting and regulating new food technologies.This review explores the international landscape of new food sources and production systems(NFPS),focusing on China’s role and regulatory approaches compared to global practices.Through this comparative analysis,we aim to contribute to the ongoing dialogue on food safety regulation,offering insights and recommendations for policymakers,industry stakeholders,and researchers engaged in the global food system’s evolution.This comprehensive overview underscores the dynamic nature of regulatory frameworks governing NFPS,highlighting the international efforts to ensure food safety,consumer protection,and the sustainable evolution of the food industry.展开更多
In the new era,the Communist Party of China(CPC)has made historic achievements in respecting and protecting human rights.Building upon the principle of the“two integrations”(integrating the basic tenets of Marxism w...In the new era,the Communist Party of China(CPC)has made historic achievements in respecting and protecting human rights.Building upon the principle of the“two integrations”(integrating the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and fine traditional culture),it has nurtured new theories on respecting and protecting human rights in the new era,which can address the fundamental questions of whom and what the human rights protection efforts in the new era are for.Guided by the principle of“taking our own path,”it has charted a distinct course for the development of human rights,diverging from the Western approach.The CPC has maintained the unity between Party leadership and the respect for and protection of human rights,promoting progress in human rights through the pursuit of“high-quality development,”and ensuring various fundamental rights of the people through the rule of law.Building upon the past experience,the CPC has established the“source”of the institutional framework for respecting and protecting human rights in the new era,crafted the“body”of this institutional framework,and introduced its practical“application.”In promoting the comprehensive advancement of human rights protection,the CPC has facilitated the connotative development of human rights protection in China,empowering China in international human rights discourse,and contributing Chinese strength and wisdom to global human rights governance.展开更多
One specimen belonging to the family Comatellinae was collected from the Zhenbei Seamount(332.5–478.2 m)in the South China Sea in July 2022.Based on the morphological characters,the specimen was identified as Palaeoc...One specimen belonging to the family Comatellinae was collected from the Zhenbei Seamount(332.5–478.2 m)in the South China Sea in July 2022.Based on the morphological characters,the specimen was identified as Palaeocomatella hiwia McKnight,1977.It is first recorded from China Sea and redescribed in detail.This specimen differs from the original description from New Zealand for never showing syzygy at br4+5 or br5+6 on interior and br1+2 on exterior arms.However,it is much conform to the redescription to specimens from Indonesia,with only differences in position of the second syzygy and distalmost pinnule comb.Specimen is deposited in the Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences.Phylogenetic analyses based on the mitochondrial c oxidase subunit I(COI)and 16S rRNA genes indicated that P.hiwia was nested within the tribe Phanogeniini and clustered with Aphanocomaster pulcher.Furthermore,P.hiwia showed same morphological features in terms of mouth placement,comb location,and number of comb teeth rows as other genera of Phanogeniini.Therefore,we suggest that the genus Palaeocomatella should be put in the tribe Phanogeniini.展开更多
What type of entrepreneurial spirit is needed for China’s new era,and how can we unlock its innovation potential?Answers to these questions will unleash vital forces to drive China’s high-quality economic developmen...What type of entrepreneurial spirit is needed for China’s new era,and how can we unlock its innovation potential?Answers to these questions will unleash vital forces to drive China’s high-quality economic development.After reviewing the theories,dimensions,features,and limitations of the entrepreneurial spirit in the Western context,we concluded that the entrepreneurial spirit in China’s new era,which is characterized by patriotism,innovation,trustworthiness,adherence to the law,fulfillment of social responsibilities,and a global horizon,has overcome the limitations that come with self-interested entrepreneurship in the context of Western economics.This is a major step forward in the development of theories on entrepreneurial spirit.In the development context of the new era,this paper argues that the entrepreneurial spirit should become an important force at the individual level to implement the new development concept,foster the new development paradigm,and promote high-quality development in the new stage.This paper provides answers to the question of what type of entrepreneurial spirit China’s new era requires.Finally,this paper presents basic strategies for cultivating entrepreneurial spirit in the context of China’s new era,emphasizing the importance to promote the healthy growth of young entrepreneurs,ensure their business autonomy,develop a multi-tiered capital market,implement the factor market reforms,improve the business climate,and accelerate the digital transition.展开更多
At present,with the steady development of the global economy,more and more countries begin to pay attention to the impact of ecological environment on economic development and human society,so the ecological environme...At present,with the steady development of the global economy,more and more countries begin to pay attention to the impact of ecological environment on economic development and human society,so the ecological environment has become a global issue that cannot be ignored in today’s era.Therefore,from the perspective of the ecological philosophy of Diversity&Harmony as well as Interaction&Co-existence,this paper will conduct ecological discourse analysis on the Energy in China’s New Era based on the transitivity system of systemic-functional grammar,and use the Corpus analysis software UAM Corpus Tool 3.3x to label and make statistics on the transitivity system,aiming to explore the distribution characteristics of the transitivity system in this white paper.Through the transitivity analysis of the white paper,this study helps readers to have a deeper understanding of the positive significance contained in the white paper.To a certain extent,it enables readers at home and abroad to understand China’s stance on energy issues and the positive image of China in energy ecology.It also awaken readers’awareness of environmental protection and acquire good habits of resource conservation to be in harmony between human and nature for sustainable development.展开更多
This paper aims to interpret the connotation of high-quality development of tourism economy(HQTE)from the perspective of the new development concepts of innovation,coordination,green,openness and sharing,and then to e...This paper aims to interpret the connotation of high-quality development of tourism economy(HQTE)from the perspective of the new development concepts of innovation,coordination,green,openness and sharing,and then to evaluate the spatial differenti-ation of China’s HQTE based on provincial panel data from 2009 to 2018.Specifically,we employ the spatial convergence model to ex-plore the absolute and conditionalβconvergence trends of HQTE in the whole country and the eastern,central and western regions of China.Our empirical results reveal that:1)within the decade,from 2009 to 2018,regions of China with the highest HQTE index is its eastern region followed by the central region and then the western region,but the fastest growing one is the western region of China fol-lowed by the central region and then the eastern region.2)Whether or not the spatial effect is included,there are absolute and condition-alβconvergence in HQTE in the whole country and aforementioned three regions.3)The degree of government attention as well as the level of economic development and location accessibility are the positive driving factors for the convergence of HQTE in the whole country and the three regions.The degree of marketization and human capital have not passed the significance test either in the whole country or in the three regions.The above conclusions could deepen the understanding of the regional imbalance and spatial conver-gence characteristics of HQTE,clarify the primary development objects,and accomplish the goal of China’s HQTE.展开更多
This article will firstly discuss the context overview of English teaching and learning in China. Under thiscircumstance, a problematic element will be examined of the New Senior English for China Student’s Book 1 an...This article will firstly discuss the context overview of English teaching and learning in China. Under thiscircumstance, a problematic element will be examined of the New Senior English for China Student’s Book 1 and critical appraisal ofhow this element relates to other elements of curriculum development will be analyzed. The recommended changes and demonstrationmechanisms for evaluating the changes are put forward in the last two parts.展开更多
A new species of Paratendipes Kieffer, P. angustus sp. nov., is described and the male is illustrated. P. subaequalis （Malloch, 1915） is recorded in China for the first time.
A new species, Eukiefferiella celata sp. nov., and a newly recorded species, E. brehmi Gouin, 1943, are described and illustrated as male imagines. A new synonym is proposed： E. togaeuquinta Sasa ＆ Okazawa, 1992, sy...A new species, Eukiefferiella celata sp. nov., and a newly recorded species, E. brehmi Gouin, 1943, are described and illustrated as male imagines. A new synonym is proposed： E. togaeuquinta Sasa ＆ Okazawa, 1992, syn. nov. （= E. brehmi）.展开更多
A new species, Spirulina (Arthrospira) bayannurensis B. Sh. Li et C. Qiao sp. nov. was firstly collected from the Lake of Bayannur, Mu Us Sandy Land, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in China on April 30, 199...A new species, Spirulina (Arthrospira) bayannurensis B. Sh. Li et C. Qiao sp. nov. was firstly collected from the Lake of Bayannur, Mu Us Sandy Land, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in China on April 30, 1996 The morphological characteristics of the new species are described and illustrated by light micrographs, scanning and transmission electron micrographs. The type specimen of this new species is kept in Herbarium of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University.展开更多
A new species of Stictochironomus Kieffer, S. juncaii sp. nov. from China is described and illustrated as male imago. S. multannulatus （Tokunaga） and S. pictulus （Meigen） are recorded in China for the first time. ...A new species of Stictochironomus Kieffer, S. juncaii sp. nov. from China is described and illustrated as male imago. S. multannulatus （Tokunaga） and S. pictulus （Meigen） are recorded in China for the first time. A key to the males of Stictochironomus in China is given. All specimens are deposited in the College of Life Science, Nankai University, China （BDN）.展开更多
Two new species, Eumenes ferrugiantennus sp. nov. from Yunnan and E. nigriscutatus sp. nov. from Chongqing and Sichuan, China, are described. A key to the species in this genus from southwestern China is provided. Typ...Two new species, Eumenes ferrugiantennus sp. nov. from Yunnan and E. nigriscutatus sp. nov. from Chongqing and Sichuan, China, are described. A key to the species in this genus from southwestern China is provided. Types of the new species are deposited in the Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Normal University.展开更多
In this paper two new species of Diprionidae were described from Yunnan Province, China, Gilpinia hebedentata, sp. n. and Macrodiprion wui, sp. n. Another species recorded in Yunnan, Gilpinia disa Smith, was transferr...In this paper two new species of Diprionidae were described from Yunnan Province, China, Gilpinia hebedentata, sp. n. and Macrodiprion wui, sp. n. Another species recorded in Yunnan, Gilpinia disa Smith, was transferred from Gilpinia Benson to Microdiprion Enslin. Macrodiprion Enslin is a newly recorded genus in China.展开更多
Two new ant species from the tropical rain forest of Xishuangbanna Nature Reserve in Yunnan Province,Mystrium oculatum sp. nov. and Cryptopone recticlypea sp. nov.,were described. The genus,Mystrium Roger,was first re...Two new ant species from the tropical rain forest of Xishuangbanna Nature Reserve in Yunnan Province,Mystrium oculatum sp. nov. and Cryptopone recticlypea sp. nov.,were described. The genus,Mystrium Roger,was first recorded in China.展开更多
Objective In 2017,China launched a new round of medical reform(NMR)to address the inaccessibility of high-priced drugs for patients with serious diseases.This study explored the impact of the NMR on the accessibility ...Objective In 2017,China launched a new round of medical reform(NMR)to address the inaccessibility of high-priced drugs for patients with serious diseases.This study explored the impact of the NMR on the accessibility and affordability of high-priced monoclonal antibodies(mAbs),and the effective promotion policies after the NMR.Methods We used a standard method developed by the World Health Organization to conduct two surveys on the availability of mAbs and their prices before and after the NMR in the public hospitals in Hubei province,China.By interviewing hospital pharmacy experts,we identified the potential value of the current NMR in improving the access to therapeutic mAbs.Results The average availability of 13 mAbs increased by 8.1%in the surveyed hospitals of Hubei province after the NMR.The median unit price of 10 mAbs dropped by 34.3%.The average affordability of a treatment cycle of 10 mAbs dropped from 680 days to 298 days of the disposable daily income for a middle-income resident(56.2%reduction).The drug price negotiation of medical insurance inclusion and the promotion of consistent evaluation of generic and original drugs could effectively promote the accessibility of mAbs.However,the zero markup of drug pricing and the limit on the proportion of drug revenues in public hospitals showed certain negative effects on the availability of mAbs.Conclusion Not all current NMR policies play a positive role in promoting the accessibility of mAbs.To further improve the accessibility of mAbs in the future in China,it is therefore critical to increase the investment in independent research and development of high-quality mAbs,establish localized guidelines for the rational use of mAbs in clinical practice,and have a cost-sharing mechanism for high-priced drugs with multiple stakeholders.展开更多
Spinarge, gen.nov.with two new species, Spinarge sichuanensis, sp.nov.and S. liui, sp.nov. are described. The new genus is placed in subfamily Athermantinae. A key to the two new species is provided.
Six species of Goniophyto Townsend were described in the world, among them, two from China. A new species has been found during the course of fly investigation in Shanghai, China. The present paper deals with a descri...Six species of Goniophyto Townsend were described in the world, among them, two from China. A new species has been found during the course of fly investigation in Shanghai, China. The present paper deals with a description of the new species （2 shanghaiensis, a key to species and the diagnosis of the genus are revised. All types are deposited in the Laboratory of Vector Biology, Shanghai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, China.展开更多
The process of legislative protection for women’s rights and interests of the new China can be divided into two phases: The first phase is from the establishment of the People’s Republic of China to the adoption of ...The process of legislative protection for women’s rights and interests of the new China can be divided into two phases: The first phase is from the establishment of the People’s Republic of China to the adoption of the policy of reform and opening up to the outside展开更多
A new genus and two new species from the family Tenebrionidae of the order Coleoptera of China are reported in this paper,namely Neoblaps gen.nov.,N.huizensis sp.nov.,Dila bomiana sp.nov.The type specimens are preserv...A new genus and two new species from the family Tenebrionidae of the order Coleoptera of China are reported in this paper,namely Neoblaps gen.nov.,N.huizensis sp.nov.,Dila bomiana sp.nov.The type specimens are preserved in the Museum of Hebei University.展开更多
Promalactis neixiangensis sp. nov. is described as new to science, and the female of P spinosa Wang et Li is reported for the first time. The adult and the male genitalia of the new species, and the female genitalia o...Promalactis neixiangensis sp. nov. is described as new to science, and the female of P spinosa Wang et Li is reported for the first time. The adult and the male genitalia of the new species, and the female genitalia of P spinosa Wang et Li are photographed. The type specimens are deposited in the Insect Collection, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFF1102500)the Special Project of Central Guide to Local Science and Technology Development(Innovation platform construction for food green processing technology and intelligent equipment)(2022BGE247).
文摘The global shift towards sustainable food systems has sparked innovations in food sources and production systems,including cell-based meat,plant-based food products,precision fermentation,and 3D food printing.These advancements pose regulatory challenges and opportunities,with China emerging as a critical player in adopting and regulating new food technologies.This review explores the international landscape of new food sources and production systems(NFPS),focusing on China’s role and regulatory approaches compared to global practices.Through this comparative analysis,we aim to contribute to the ongoing dialogue on food safety regulation,offering insights and recommendations for policymakers,industry stakeholders,and researchers engaged in the global food system’s evolution.This comprehensive overview underscores the dynamic nature of regulatory frameworks governing NFPS,highlighting the international efforts to ensure food safety,consumer protection,and the sustainable evolution of the food industry.
基金a phased achievement of the National Social Science Foundation’s major bidding project “Research on the Theoretical System and Optimization Path of China’s Human Rights Development Path”(Project Approval Number 23ZDA067)
文摘In the new era,the Communist Party of China(CPC)has made historic achievements in respecting and protecting human rights.Building upon the principle of the“two integrations”(integrating the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and fine traditional culture),it has nurtured new theories on respecting and protecting human rights in the new era,which can address the fundamental questions of whom and what the human rights protection efforts in the new era are for.Guided by the principle of“taking our own path,”it has charted a distinct course for the development of human rights,diverging from the Western approach.The CPC has maintained the unity between Party leadership and the respect for and protection of human rights,promoting progress in human rights through the pursuit of“high-quality development,”and ensuring various fundamental rights of the people through the rule of law.Building upon the past experience,the CPC has established the“source”of the institutional framework for respecting and protecting human rights in the new era,crafted the“body”of this institutional framework,and introduced its practical“application.”In promoting the comprehensive advancement of human rights protection,the CPC has facilitated the connotative development of human rights protection in China,empowering China in international human rights discourse,and contributing Chinese strength and wisdom to global human rights governance.
基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB42000000)the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41930533)+1 种基金the Chinese Academy of Sciences Pioneer Hundred Talents Program(to Nansheng CHEN)the Taishan Scholar Project Special Fund(to Nansheng CHEN)。
文摘One specimen belonging to the family Comatellinae was collected from the Zhenbei Seamount(332.5–478.2 m)in the South China Sea in July 2022.Based on the morphological characters,the specimen was identified as Palaeocomatella hiwia McKnight,1977.It is first recorded from China Sea and redescribed in detail.This specimen differs from the original description from New Zealand for never showing syzygy at br4+5 or br5+6 on interior and br1+2 on exterior arms.However,it is much conform to the redescription to specimens from Indonesia,with only differences in position of the second syzygy and distalmost pinnule comb.Specimen is deposited in the Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences.Phylogenetic analyses based on the mitochondrial c oxidase subunit I(COI)and 16S rRNA genes indicated that P.hiwia was nested within the tribe Phanogeniini and clustered with Aphanocomaster pulcher.Furthermore,P.hiwia showed same morphological features in terms of mouth placement,comb location,and number of comb teeth rows as other genera of Phanogeniini.Therefore,we suggest that the genus Palaeocomatella should be put in the tribe Phanogeniini.
基金supported by the General Project of the National Social Science Fund of China(NSSFC)(Grant No.23BJY049)the General Project of Philosophical and Social Planning for Gansu Province(Grant No.2022YB007)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.21lzujbkydx028)National Statistical Science Research Key project(Grant No.2024LZ013).
文摘What type of entrepreneurial spirit is needed for China’s new era,and how can we unlock its innovation potential?Answers to these questions will unleash vital forces to drive China’s high-quality economic development.After reviewing the theories,dimensions,features,and limitations of the entrepreneurial spirit in the Western context,we concluded that the entrepreneurial spirit in China’s new era,which is characterized by patriotism,innovation,trustworthiness,adherence to the law,fulfillment of social responsibilities,and a global horizon,has overcome the limitations that come with self-interested entrepreneurship in the context of Western economics.This is a major step forward in the development of theories on entrepreneurial spirit.In the development context of the new era,this paper argues that the entrepreneurial spirit should become an important force at the individual level to implement the new development concept,foster the new development paradigm,and promote high-quality development in the new stage.This paper provides answers to the question of what type of entrepreneurial spirit China’s new era requires.Finally,this paper presents basic strategies for cultivating entrepreneurial spirit in the context of China’s new era,emphasizing the importance to promote the healthy growth of young entrepreneurs,ensure their business autonomy,develop a multi-tiered capital market,implement the factor market reforms,improve the business climate,and accelerate the digital transition.
文摘At present,with the steady development of the global economy,more and more countries begin to pay attention to the impact of ecological environment on economic development and human society,so the ecological environment has become a global issue that cannot be ignored in today’s era.Therefore,from the perspective of the ecological philosophy of Diversity&Harmony as well as Interaction&Co-existence,this paper will conduct ecological discourse analysis on the Energy in China’s New Era based on the transitivity system of systemic-functional grammar,and use the Corpus analysis software UAM Corpus Tool 3.3x to label and make statistics on the transitivity system,aiming to explore the distribution characteristics of the transitivity system in this white paper.Through the transitivity analysis of the white paper,this study helps readers to have a deeper understanding of the positive significance contained in the white paper.To a certain extent,it enables readers at home and abroad to understand China’s stance on energy issues and the positive image of China in energy ecology.It also awaken readers’awareness of environmental protection and acquire good habits of resource conservation to be in harmony between human and nature for sustainable development.
基金Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42001156)。
文摘This paper aims to interpret the connotation of high-quality development of tourism economy(HQTE)from the perspective of the new development concepts of innovation,coordination,green,openness and sharing,and then to evaluate the spatial differenti-ation of China’s HQTE based on provincial panel data from 2009 to 2018.Specifically,we employ the spatial convergence model to ex-plore the absolute and conditionalβconvergence trends of HQTE in the whole country and the eastern,central and western regions of China.Our empirical results reveal that:1)within the decade,from 2009 to 2018,regions of China with the highest HQTE index is its eastern region followed by the central region and then the western region,but the fastest growing one is the western region of China fol-lowed by the central region and then the eastern region.2)Whether or not the spatial effect is included,there are absolute and condition-alβconvergence in HQTE in the whole country and aforementioned three regions.3)The degree of government attention as well as the level of economic development and location accessibility are the positive driving factors for the convergence of HQTE in the whole country and the three regions.The degree of marketization and human capital have not passed the significance test either in the whole country or in the three regions.The above conclusions could deepen the understanding of the regional imbalance and spatial conver-gence characteristics of HQTE,clarify the primary development objects,and accomplish the goal of China’s HQTE.
文摘This article will firstly discuss the context overview of English teaching and learning in China. Under thiscircumstance, a problematic element will be examined of the New Senior English for China Student’s Book 1 and critical appraisal ofhow this element relates to other elements of curriculum development will be analyzed. The recommended changes and demonstrationmechanisms for evaluating the changes are put forward in the last two parts.
基金supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Y3100486)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30570207,J0630963)Fauna of China(FY120100)
文摘A new species of Paratendipes Kieffer, P. angustus sp. nov., is described and the male is illustrated. P. subaequalis （Malloch, 1915） is recorded in China for the first time.
基金supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Y3100486, Y3110395)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30570207, J0630963)+1 种基金Fauna of China (FY120100)the Science Foundation of Taizhou University (2012QN18)
文摘A new species, Eukiefferiella celata sp. nov., and a newly recorded species, E. brehmi Gouin, 1943, are described and illustrated as male imagines. A new synonym is proposed： E. togaeuquinta Sasa ＆ Okazawa, 1992, syn. nov. （= E. brehmi）.
文摘A new species, Spirulina (Arthrospira) bayannurensis B. Sh. Li et C. Qiao sp. nov. was firstly collected from the Lake of Bayannur, Mu Us Sandy Land, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in China on April 30, 1996 The morphological characteristics of the new species are described and illustrated by light micrographs, scanning and transmission electron micrographs. The type specimen of this new species is kept in Herbarium of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University.
基金This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30570207, J0630963)Fauna of China (FY120100)
文摘A new species of Stictochironomus Kieffer, S. juncaii sp. nov. from China is described and illustrated as male imago. S. multannulatus （Tokunaga） and S. pictulus （Meigen） are recorded in China for the first time. A key to the males of Stictochironomus in China is given. All specimens are deposited in the College of Life Science, Nankai University, China （BDN）.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31000976,31071968)
文摘Two new species, Eumenes ferrugiantennus sp. nov. from Yunnan and E. nigriscutatus sp. nov. from Chongqing and Sichuan, China, are described. A key to the species in this genus from southwestern China is provided. Types of the new species are deposited in the Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Normal University.
文摘In this paper two new species of Diprionidae were described from Yunnan Province, China, Gilpinia hebedentata, sp. n. and Macrodiprion wui, sp. n. Another species recorded in Yunnan, Gilpinia disa Smith, was transferred from Gilpinia Benson to Microdiprion Enslin. Macrodiprion Enslin is a newly recorded genus in China.
文摘Two new ant species from the tropical rain forest of Xishuangbanna Nature Reserve in Yunnan Province,Mystrium oculatum sp. nov. and Cryptopone recticlypea sp. nov.,were described. The genus,Mystrium Roger,was first recorded in China.
基金supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.70903025,No.71373089).
文摘Objective In 2017,China launched a new round of medical reform(NMR)to address the inaccessibility of high-priced drugs for patients with serious diseases.This study explored the impact of the NMR on the accessibility and affordability of high-priced monoclonal antibodies(mAbs),and the effective promotion policies after the NMR.Methods We used a standard method developed by the World Health Organization to conduct two surveys on the availability of mAbs and their prices before and after the NMR in the public hospitals in Hubei province,China.By interviewing hospital pharmacy experts,we identified the potential value of the current NMR in improving the access to therapeutic mAbs.Results The average availability of 13 mAbs increased by 8.1%in the surveyed hospitals of Hubei province after the NMR.The median unit price of 10 mAbs dropped by 34.3%.The average affordability of a treatment cycle of 10 mAbs dropped from 680 days to 298 days of the disposable daily income for a middle-income resident(56.2%reduction).The drug price negotiation of medical insurance inclusion and the promotion of consistent evaluation of generic and original drugs could effectively promote the accessibility of mAbs.However,the zero markup of drug pricing and the limit on the proportion of drug revenues in public hospitals showed certain negative effects on the availability of mAbs.Conclusion Not all current NMR policies play a positive role in promoting the accessibility of mAbs.To further improve the accessibility of mAbs in the future in China,it is therefore critical to increase the investment in independent research and development of high-quality mAbs,establish localized guidelines for the rational use of mAbs in clinical practice,and have a cost-sharing mechanism for high-priced drugs with multiple stakeholders.
文摘Spinarge, gen.nov.with two new species, Spinarge sichuanensis, sp.nov.and S. liui, sp.nov. are described. The new genus is placed in subfamily Athermantinae. A key to the two new species is provided.
基金This study was supported by the Science and Technology Department of Shanghai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau (033-2004)
文摘Six species of Goniophyto Townsend were described in the world, among them, two from China. A new species has been found during the course of fly investigation in Shanghai, China. The present paper deals with a description of the new species （2 shanghaiensis, a key to species and the diagnosis of the genus are revised. All types are deposited in the Laboratory of Vector Biology, Shanghai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, China.
文摘The process of legislative protection for women’s rights and interests of the new China can be divided into two phases: The first phase is from the establishment of the People’s Republic of China to the adoption of the policy of reform and opening up to the outside
文摘A new genus and two new species from the family Tenebrionidae of the order Coleoptera of China are reported in this paper,namely Neoblaps gen.nov.,N.huizensis sp.nov.,Dila bomiana sp.nov.The type specimens are preserved in the Museum of Hebei University.
基金The research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30570206)the Foundation of Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Northwest A & F University
文摘Promalactis neixiangensis sp. nov. is described as new to science, and the female of P spinosa Wang et Li is reported for the first time. The adult and the male genitalia of the new species, and the female genitalia of P spinosa Wang et Li are photographed. The type specimens are deposited in the Insect Collection, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin.
