[Objective] The study was conducted to optimize the operation parameters of water control equipment for deep-litter beddings. [Method] A four-factor three-level orthogonal design was adopted to optimize experimental t...[Objective] The study was conducted to optimize the operation parameters of water control equipment for deep-litter beddings. [Method] A four-factor three-level orthogonal design was adopted to optimize experimental temperature, stopping time of aeration, aeration time and aeration rate by 9 groups of experiments, so as to improve the water removal efficiency of adopted mixed and reduce operation energy consumption. [Result] The average water contents in the mixed bedding under 3 temperatures decreased by 4.58% ±2.91%, 13.17% ±3.77% and 10.8% ±7.72%, respectively; the highest water removal efficiency could be achieved under an experimental temperature at 45 ℃, stopping time of aeration of 15 min, aeration time of 7 min, and an aeration rate at 4 m^3/min, which formed the optimal factor combination mode of the operation parameter of the water control equipment; the effects of various experimental factors on water content in the bedding were in order of aeration ratetemperatureaeration timestopping time of aeration; and the effects of various experimental factors on water removal efficiency in the bedding were in order of temperatureaeration rateaeration timestopping time of aeration. [Conclusion] After the optimization of operation parameters of the water control equipment for the deep-litter bedding, water removal efficiency of the mixed bedding could be improved, and the operation energy consumption of the equipment could be reduced.展开更多
[Objective] The large-scale single-column fattening pig house with fermen- tation bed could hold 1 500 heads of fattening pigs. Since the number of pigs in piggery is too large, the management is difficult. The behavi...[Objective] The large-scale single-column fattening pig house with fermen- tation bed could hold 1 500 heads of fattening pigs. Since the number of pigs in piggery is too large, the management is difficult. The behavior of feeding, drinking, movement, sleeping, fighting of pigs is difficult to handle. The pigs cannot be man- aged well, resulting in the enhanced weakness of piglets, enhanced illness of weak pigs and missing treatment of ill pigs. The management for the pig populations is not satisfactory, and thus, it is needed to improve timely. [Method] The barriers for the fattening pigs in the large-scale pig house with fermentation bed were designed. The single management for single fattening pig was proposed. The large-scale fat- tening pig house was divided into 8 regions. Among them, 4 regions were located in both sides of the fermentation bed. Their main function was to separate ill, weak, small and bad pigs. In addition, the main column was divided into 4 gradual barri- ers. They were used to separate different-size fattening pigs. In view of manage- ment, the different-type pigs were managed dividedly with the gradual barriers. The equally-sized pigs were concentrated into one column. The ill, weak, small and bad pigs were isolated into barriers. Thus, the dynamic management was adopted. Until the fattening pigs grew up to 75 kg and their health was stable, the barriers among the columns were canceled to mix the pigs again and guarantee the pigs more gymnastic space. [Result] This design would improve the disease resistance of ill pigs, health status of weak pigs and management level of pig populations. This study would also provide a basis for the healthy running of large-scale fattening pig house with fermentation bed. [Conclusion] The pig-raising model with fermentation bed would improve the environment of pig house and the welfare of pigs. In addi- tion, the performance of pigs and quality of pork were also improved. The fermen- tation bed had an obvious advantage in safety and economics, and it had a broad application prospect.展开更多
Large-scale pig-raising can discharge a great deal of wastewater,which contains high content of organic matter,ammonia nitrogen and suspended solids.The improper treatment of the piggery wastewater can lead to serious...Large-scale pig-raising can discharge a great deal of wastewater,which contains high content of organic matter,ammonia nitrogen and suspended solids.The improper treatment of the piggery wastewater can lead to serious environmental problems. As a liquid fertilizer,piggery wastewater is relatively low in fertilizer efficiency and high in transportation cost,so it is very necessary to treat it in situ. Energy plants have the advantages of rapid growth,large biomass,strong tillering ability and developed root system. Therefore,energy plants can be used to absorb and transform the pollutants( like nitrogen and phosphorus) in piggery wastewater into the components of plants,as well as form the rhizosphere environment which is conducive to microbial growth,so as to enhance the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus removal. The obtained energy plants can be recycled as the raw materials for biogas to increase the production of biogas,which brings economic benefits while solving the environmental problems caused by piggery wastewater.展开更多
基金Supported by the Fund for Independent Innovation of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Province(CX(13)3073)Jiangsu Science and Technology Support Program(BE2014-342-1)~~
文摘[Objective] The study was conducted to optimize the operation parameters of water control equipment for deep-litter beddings. [Method] A four-factor three-level orthogonal design was adopted to optimize experimental temperature, stopping time of aeration, aeration time and aeration rate by 9 groups of experiments, so as to improve the water removal efficiency of adopted mixed and reduce operation energy consumption. [Result] The average water contents in the mixed bedding under 3 temperatures decreased by 4.58% ±2.91%, 13.17% ±3.77% and 10.8% ±7.72%, respectively; the highest water removal efficiency could be achieved under an experimental temperature at 45 ℃, stopping time of aeration of 15 min, aeration time of 7 min, and an aeration rate at 4 m^3/min, which formed the optimal factor combination mode of the operation parameter of the water control equipment; the effects of various experimental factors on water content in the bedding were in order of aeration ratetemperatureaeration timestopping time of aeration; and the effects of various experimental factors on water removal efficiency in the bedding were in order of temperatureaeration rateaeration timestopping time of aeration. [Conclusion] After the optimization of operation parameters of the water control equipment for the deep-litter bedding, water removal efficiency of the mixed bedding could be improved, and the operation energy consumption of the equipment could be reduced.
基金Supported by International Science and Technology Cooperation Project of China(2012DFA31120)Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(201303094)National Key Technology Research and Development Program(2012BAD14B15)~~
文摘[Objective] The large-scale single-column fattening pig house with fermen- tation bed could hold 1 500 heads of fattening pigs. Since the number of pigs in piggery is too large, the management is difficult. The behavior of feeding, drinking, movement, sleeping, fighting of pigs is difficult to handle. The pigs cannot be man- aged well, resulting in the enhanced weakness of piglets, enhanced illness of weak pigs and missing treatment of ill pigs. The management for the pig populations is not satisfactory, and thus, it is needed to improve timely. [Method] The barriers for the fattening pigs in the large-scale pig house with fermentation bed were designed. The single management for single fattening pig was proposed. The large-scale fat- tening pig house was divided into 8 regions. Among them, 4 regions were located in both sides of the fermentation bed. Their main function was to separate ill, weak, small and bad pigs. In addition, the main column was divided into 4 gradual barri- ers. They were used to separate different-size fattening pigs. In view of manage- ment, the different-type pigs were managed dividedly with the gradual barriers. The equally-sized pigs were concentrated into one column. The ill, weak, small and bad pigs were isolated into barriers. Thus, the dynamic management was adopted. Until the fattening pigs grew up to 75 kg and their health was stable, the barriers among the columns were canceled to mix the pigs again and guarantee the pigs more gymnastic space. [Result] This design would improve the disease resistance of ill pigs, health status of weak pigs and management level of pig populations. This study would also provide a basis for the healthy running of large-scale fattening pig house with fermentation bed. [Conclusion] The pig-raising model with fermentation bed would improve the environment of pig house and the welfare of pigs. In addi- tion, the performance of pigs and quality of pork were also improved. The fermen- tation bed had an obvious advantage in safety and economics, and it had a broad application prospect.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41263006,2014BAC04B02)the Fund Project of Science and Technology Department of Jiangxi Province(20124ACB01200,20122BBG70086,20133ACF60005)the Fund Project of Jiangxi Academy of Sciences(gankeyuan(2013)No.19-06,2012-YYB-01,2013-XTPH1-14,2013H003)
文摘Large-scale pig-raising can discharge a great deal of wastewater,which contains high content of organic matter,ammonia nitrogen and suspended solids.The improper treatment of the piggery wastewater can lead to serious environmental problems. As a liquid fertilizer,piggery wastewater is relatively low in fertilizer efficiency and high in transportation cost,so it is very necessary to treat it in situ. Energy plants have the advantages of rapid growth,large biomass,strong tillering ability and developed root system. Therefore,energy plants can be used to absorb and transform the pollutants( like nitrogen and phosphorus) in piggery wastewater into the components of plants,as well as form the rhizosphere environment which is conducive to microbial growth,so as to enhance the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus removal. The obtained energy plants can be recycled as the raw materials for biogas to increase the production of biogas,which brings economic benefits while solving the environmental problems caused by piggery wastewater.
