The biological hydrogen generating from fermentation of low-cost lignocellulosic feedstocks by hydrogen-producing bacteria has attracted many attentions in recent years. In the present investigation, ten hydrogen-prod...The biological hydrogen generating from fermentation of low-cost lignocellulosic feedstocks by hydrogen-producing bacteria has attracted many attentions in recent years. In the present investigation, ten hydrogen-producing bacteria were newly isolated from the intestine of wild common carp (</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i>Cyprinus carpio</i></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> L.), and identified belonging to the genera of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Enterobacter</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Klebsiella</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> based on analysis of the 16S rDNA gene sequence and examination of the physiological and biochemical characteristics. All the isolates inherently owned the ability to metabolize xylose especially the cotton stalk hydrolysate for hydrogen production with hydrogen yield (HY) higher than 100 mL</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">·</span></span><span></span><span></span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">L</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-1</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. In particular, two isolates, WL1306 and WL1305 obtained higher HY, hydrogen production rate (HPR), and hydrogen production potential (HPP) using cotton stalk hydrolysate as sugar substrate than the mixed sugar of glucose & xylose, which obtained the HY of 249.5 ± 29.0, 397.0 ± 36.7 mL</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">·</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">L</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></sup><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, HPR of 10.4 ± 1.2, 16.5 ± 1.5 mL</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">·</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">L</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></sup><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">·</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">h</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></sup><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, HPP of 19.5 ± 2.3, 31.0 ± 2.8 mL</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">·</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">L</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></sup><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">·</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">g</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></sup><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1</span></sup><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sugar</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, separately. The generation of soluble metabolites, such as the lactate, formate, acetate, succinate and ethanol reflected the mixed acid fermentation properties of the hydrogen production pathway.展开更多
Since 1950, links between intake of saturated fatty acids and heart disease have led to recommendations to limit consumption of saturated fatty acid-rich foods, including beef. Over this time, changes in food consumpt...Since 1950, links between intake of saturated fatty acids and heart disease have led to recommendations to limit consumption of saturated fatty acid-rich foods, including beef. Over this time, changes in food consumption patterns in several countries including Canada and the USA have not led to improvements in health. Instead, the incidence of obesity, type II diabetes and associated diseases have reached epidemic proportions owing in part to replacement of dietary fat with refined carbohydrates. Despite the content of saturated fatty acids in beef, it is also rich in heart healthy cis-monounsaturated fatty acids, and can be an important source of long-chain omega-3(n-3) fatty acids in populations where little or no oily fish is consumed. Beef also contains polyunsaturated fatty acid biohydrogenation products,including vaccenic and rumenic acids, which have been shown to have anticarcinogenic and hypolipidemic properties in cell culture and animal models. Beef can be enriched with these beneficial fatty acids through manipulation of beef cattle diets, which is now more important than ever because of increasing public understanding of the relationships between diet and health. The present review examines recommendations for beef in human diets, the need to recognize the complex nature of beef fat, how cattle diets and management can alter the fatty acid composition of beef, and to what extent content claims are currently possible for beef fatty acids.展开更多
Hydrogen production from food waste,cattle manure,potato pulp and pig manure was optimized through using mixture design in this study.The synergic and antagonistic effects of the four substrates on hydrogen yield,subs...Hydrogen production from food waste,cattle manure,potato pulp and pig manure was optimized through using mixture design in this study.The synergic and antagonistic effects of the four substrates on hydrogen yield,substrate conversion efficiency and pH were evaluated.The results showed that the optimal proportion of food waste,cattle manure,potato pulp and pig manure were 61.6%,38.4%,0,and 0,respectively.Under the optimal condition,hydrogen yield of 21.0 mL/g VS with VS reduction of 29.4%and pH of 5 could be obtained.The interaction between food waste and cattle manure had strongest synergistic effects.Hydrogen was mainly produced by acetic-butyric metabolic pathway,and ammonification of protein played an important role in the maintenance of pH.展开更多
文摘The biological hydrogen generating from fermentation of low-cost lignocellulosic feedstocks by hydrogen-producing bacteria has attracted many attentions in recent years. In the present investigation, ten hydrogen-producing bacteria were newly isolated from the intestine of wild common carp (</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i>Cyprinus carpio</i></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> L.), and identified belonging to the genera of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Enterobacter</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Klebsiella</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> based on analysis of the 16S rDNA gene sequence and examination of the physiological and biochemical characteristics. All the isolates inherently owned the ability to metabolize xylose especially the cotton stalk hydrolysate for hydrogen production with hydrogen yield (HY) higher than 100 mL</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">·</span></span><span></span><span></span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">L</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-1</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. In particular, two isolates, WL1306 and WL1305 obtained higher HY, hydrogen production rate (HPR), and hydrogen production potential (HPP) using cotton stalk hydrolysate as sugar substrate than the mixed sugar of glucose & xylose, which obtained the HY of 249.5 ± 29.0, 397.0 ± 36.7 mL</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">·</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">L</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></sup><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, HPR of 10.4 ± 1.2, 16.5 ± 1.5 mL</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">·</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">L</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></sup><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">·</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">h</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></sup><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, HPP of 19.5 ± 2.3, 31.0 ± 2.8 mL</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">·</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">L</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></sup><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">·</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">g</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></sup><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1</span></sup><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sugar</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, separately. The generation of soluble metabolites, such as the lactate, formate, acetate, succinate and ethanol reflected the mixed acid fermentation properties of the hydrogen production pathway.
基金supported by the Alberta Meat and Livestock Agency(ALMA)and the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada(AAFC)Peer Review ProgramNSERC post-doctoral funding provided by the AAFC Peer Review programthe Alberta Crop Industry Development Fund(ACIDF)for funding support
文摘Since 1950, links between intake of saturated fatty acids and heart disease have led to recommendations to limit consumption of saturated fatty acid-rich foods, including beef. Over this time, changes in food consumption patterns in several countries including Canada and the USA have not led to improvements in health. Instead, the incidence of obesity, type II diabetes and associated diseases have reached epidemic proportions owing in part to replacement of dietary fat with refined carbohydrates. Despite the content of saturated fatty acids in beef, it is also rich in heart healthy cis-monounsaturated fatty acids, and can be an important source of long-chain omega-3(n-3) fatty acids in populations where little or no oily fish is consumed. Beef also contains polyunsaturated fatty acid biohydrogenation products,including vaccenic and rumenic acids, which have been shown to have anticarcinogenic and hypolipidemic properties in cell culture and animal models. Beef can be enriched with these beneficial fatty acids through manipulation of beef cattle diets, which is now more important than ever because of increasing public understanding of the relationships between diet and health. The present review examines recommendations for beef in human diets, the need to recognize the complex nature of beef fat, how cattle diets and management can alter the fatty acid composition of beef, and to what extent content claims are currently possible for beef fatty acids.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51506027)”Young Talents”Project of Northeast Agricultural University(Grant No.16QC18).
文摘Hydrogen production from food waste,cattle manure,potato pulp and pig manure was optimized through using mixture design in this study.The synergic and antagonistic effects of the four substrates on hydrogen yield,substrate conversion efficiency and pH were evaluated.The results showed that the optimal proportion of food waste,cattle manure,potato pulp and pig manure were 61.6%,38.4%,0,and 0,respectively.Under the optimal condition,hydrogen yield of 21.0 mL/g VS with VS reduction of 29.4%and pH of 5 could be obtained.The interaction between food waste and cattle manure had strongest synergistic effects.Hydrogen was mainly produced by acetic-butyric metabolic pathway,and ammonification of protein played an important role in the maintenance of pH.
