The static adsorption performances of a series of active carbon fiber(ACF)for xenon at 201 K were measured with a model ASAP2010M specific surface area and aperture distribution instrument by changing the working gas ...The static adsorption performances of a series of active carbon fiber(ACF)for xenon at 201 K were measured with a model ASAP2010M specific surface area and aperture distribution instrument by changing the working gas of instrument from N 2 to Xenon. Compared with grain active carbon(GAC): (1) the adsorption performance of Viscose based ACF(VACF) adsorbents is better than that of GAC; (2) owing to the difference of aperture distribution, the adsorption performance of ACF with different radicales is different under the same experiment conditions though the specific surface area is similar; (3) there is no definite relationship between adsorption performance and specific surface area; (4) the VACF A2 is the superior xenon adsorbent at the experimental temperature.展开更多
Mango peels,which constitute a significant proportion of urban waste,have been modified with phosphoric acid for use as a biosorbent in the removal of methylene blue from wastewater.The characterization of the obtaine...Mango peels,which constitute a significant proportion of urban waste,have been modified with phosphoric acid for use as a biosorbent in the removal of methylene blue from wastewater.The characterization of the obtained biosorbent showed that cellulose is the primary constituent followed by lignin and hemicellulose.The high water content and the low value of ash content indicate that the studied biosorbent is a porous material containing a low proportion of inorganic,inert,amorphous and unusable part for biosorbent production.The zero charge point(pHpzc)assessment showed that the overall surface charge of the biosorbent is negative and therefore plays a key role in the adsorption process.The adsorption of methylene blue by mango peels biosorbent is a two-step process:a rapid first step in which over 90%methylene blue is removed in less than 10 min followed by a slowdown of the adsorption rate when approaching the adsorption equilibrium.Among pseudo-first,pseudo-second order and intraparticle diffusion kinetics models studies,pseudo-second order was the best applicable to describe methylene blue adsorption,suggesting a two-step mechanism:the transfer of methylene blue molecules from the solution to the mango peels biosorbent surface,followed by the interaction between adsorbates and surface.The equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed by Langmuir,Freundlich and Temkin isotherms models.Among them,Langmuir was the best model to describe adsorption,indicating the existence of homogeneous distribution of adsorption sites on mango peels biosorbent surface and a mono-layer adsorption of methylene blue molecules.The low value of Temkin’s constant B relative to the interaction energy between methylene blue molecules and the surface of the biosorbent shows that the adsorption involved is a physisorption process.展开更多
A semi-empirical adsorption kinetic model was proposed with the time compensation method to describe the chemisorption of SO2 in flue gas by carbon adsorbents for flue gas purification.The change in adsorption capacit...A semi-empirical adsorption kinetic model was proposed with the time compensation method to describe the chemisorption of SO2 in flue gas by carbon adsorbents for flue gas purification.The change in adsorption capacity and adsorption rate with time at different water vapor concentrations and different SO2 concentrations was studied.The model was in good agreement with experimental data.The surface reaction was probably the rate controlling step in the early stage for SO2 adsorption by ZL50 activated carbon.The parameters m and n in the nth order adsorption kinetic model were related to the magnitude of the time compensation and adsorption driving force,respectively.The change of parameter n with water vapor concentrations and sulfur dioxide concentrations was studied and some physical implications were given.The sum of square errors was less than 1.0 and the average absolute percentage deviations ranged from 0.5 to 3.2.The kinetic model was compared with other models in the literature.展开更多
In our previous work, a series of polyethylenimine(PEI)-derived cation exchangers were synthesized using PEIgrafted resin FF-PEI-L740(ionic capacity, 740 mmol·L^-1) as the basic resin to study lysozyme adsorption...In our previous work, a series of polyethylenimine(PEI)-derived cation exchangers were synthesized using PEIgrafted resin FF-PEI-L740(ionic capacity, 740 mmol·L^-1) as the basic resin to study lysozyme adsorption and chromatographic behavior. It was found that the resin with an ionic capacity of 630 mmol·L^-1(FF-PEI-CR630)possessed high adsorption performance towards lysozyme at 0–100 mmol·L^-1 Na Cl. Therefore, in this work,FF-PEI-CR630 was selected to study the influences of pH and ionic strength(IS) on protein adsorption and chromatographic behavior towards lysozyme. The increase of lysozyme adsorption capacity in the pH range of 6 to 10 was observed. However, the uptake rate decreased in the pH range of 6 to 8 and then remained essentially unchanged from pH 8 to pH 10. Increasing IS led to decreased protein adsorption capacity and increased uptake rate in different pH ranges. Besides, FF-PEI-CR630 maintained dynamic binding capacity as high as over150 mg·ml^-1 at pH 8–10 without NaCl. The research has thus provided insight into the selection of proper pH and IS conditions for protein purification by using FF-PEI-CR630.展开更多
Constructed wetlands (CWs) are engineered systems that utilize natural systems including wetland vegetations,soils,and their associated microbial assemblages to assist in treating wastewater.The kinetic adsorption of ...Constructed wetlands (CWs) are engineered systems that utilize natural systems including wetland vegetations,soils,and their associated microbial assemblages to assist in treating wastewater.The kinetic adsorption of ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) by CW substrate materials such as blast furnace slag (BFS),zeolite,ceramsite,vermiculite,gravel,paddy soil,red soil,and turf,was investigated using batch experiments and kinetic adsorption isotherms.Both Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms could adequately predict the NH4+-N adsorption process.The maximum adsorption capacities of NH4+-N,estimated from the Langmuir isotherm,ranked as:zeolite (33 333.33 mg kg-1) > turf (29 274.01 mg kg-1) > BFS (5 000 mg kg-1) > vermiculite (3 333.33 mg kg-1) > gravel (769.23 mg kg-1) > paddy soil (588.24 mg kg-1) > red soil (555.56 mg kg-1) > ceramsite (107.53 mg kg-1).Some properties of the substrate materials,including bulk density,specific gravity,hydraulic conductivity,uniformity coefficient (K60),curvature coefficient (Cc),organic matter,pH,exchangeable (or active) Cu,Fe,Zn and Mn,total Cu,and Fe,Mn,Zn,Cd,Pb and Ca,had negative correlations with NH4+-N adsorption.Other properties of the substrate materials like particle diameter values of D10,D30 and D60 (the diameters of particle sizes of a substrate material at which 10%,30% and 60%,respectively,of the particles pass through the sieve based on the accumulative frequency),cation exchange capacity (CEC),exchangeable (or active) Ca and Mg,and total K and Mg had positive correlations with NH4+-N adsorption.In addition,active K and Na as well as the total Na had significant positive correlations with NH4+-N adsorption.This information would be useful for selection of suitable substrate materials for CWs.展开更多
Solid adsorbents Cu+-13X and Cu+-13X loaded with La element were prepared by ion-exchange method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to characterize the structure of the prepared ...Solid adsorbents Cu+-13X and Cu+-13X loaded with La element were prepared by ion-exchange method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to characterize the structure of the prepared zeolite. Adsorption of thiophene with different groups over the two adsorbents was investigated by static adsorption equilibrium and kinetic test. Static equilibrium data were correlated based on the Langmuir model and the modified Langmuir model. Kinetic data were fitted very well by Crank diffusion model. The results revealed that the adsorption capacity of single component over the Cu+-13X loaded with La element increased about 10% as compared to the non-doped Cu+-13X. Fitting results of ηi and De illustrated that loading of the La element into zeolite could change the interaction force between binary components. The kinetic test showed that the competitive adsorption became moderate, and thus resulted in the improvement of the total desulfurization capacity.展开更多
This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of mineral spontaneous combustion in an open pit. On the study of coal and mineral mixture in open pit mines, as well as through the specifc surface area and Search Engine...This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of mineral spontaneous combustion in an open pit. On the study of coal and mineral mixture in open pit mines, as well as through the specifc surface area and Search Engine Marketing (SEM) experiments, the specifc surface area and aperture characteristics of distribution of open pit coal sample and pit mineral mixture samples were analyzed. Thermal analysis experiments were used to divide the oxidation process was divided into three stages, and the thermal behavior characteristics of experimental samples were characterized. On the basis of the stage division, we explored the transfer law of the key active functional groups of the experimental samples. The apparent activation energy calculation of the key active groups, performed by combining the Achar diferential method with the Coats–Redfern integral method, microstructural and oxidation kinetic properties were revealed. The resulted showed that the mixed sample had high ash, the fxed carbon content was reduced, the specifc surface area was far lower than the raw coal, the large aperture distribution was slightly higher than the medium hole, the micropore was exceptionally low, the gas adsorption capacity was weaker than the raw coal, the pit coal sample had the exceedingly more active functional groups, easy to react with oxygen, more likely to occur naturally, and its harm was relatively large. The mixed sample contained the highest C–O–C functional group absorbance. The functional groups were mainly infuenced by the self-OH content, alkyl side chain, and fatty hydrocarbon in the sample. The main functional groups of the four-like mixture had the highest apparent activation energy, and the two reactions were higher in the low-temperature oxidation phase.展开更多
This work aims to investigate the efficiency of Fariman sepiolite from Iran as an adsorbent to remove Cd from aqueous solutions. The effects of different experimental factors such as the initial Cd concentration, cont...This work aims to investigate the efficiency of Fariman sepiolite from Iran as an adsorbent to remove Cd from aqueous solutions. The effects of different experimental factors such as the initial Cd concentration, contact time and the sorbent dose were investigated through a series of batch adsorption experiments. The results show that the adsorption capacity of sepiolite for Cd increases with the contact time, the initial concentration of Cd solutions and the sorbent dose. Sorption of Cd by Fariman sepiolite is rapid within the first hour of the experiment and then slowly increases until a pseudo equilibrium is approached at 8 h. The results also show that the time-dependent Cd sorption data are better described with pseudo second-order(r2>0.999) than that of pseudo first-order(r2>0.971) kinetic model. Equilibrium isotherm studies show that the experimental data are better correlated by the Freundlich adsorption isotherm(r2>0.995) than the Langmuir(r2>0.825). It is suggested that both adsorption and cation exchange reactions are responsible for the sorption of Cd by the sepiolite, and the mineral has a very good potential to remove Cd from aqueous solutions.展开更多
文摘The static adsorption performances of a series of active carbon fiber(ACF)for xenon at 201 K were measured with a model ASAP2010M specific surface area and aperture distribution instrument by changing the working gas of instrument from N 2 to Xenon. Compared with grain active carbon(GAC): (1) the adsorption performance of Viscose based ACF(VACF) adsorbents is better than that of GAC; (2) owing to the difference of aperture distribution, the adsorption performance of ACF with different radicales is different under the same experiment conditions though the specific surface area is similar; (3) there is no definite relationship between adsorption performance and specific surface area; (4) the VACF A2 is the superior xenon adsorbent at the experimental temperature.
文摘Mango peels,which constitute a significant proportion of urban waste,have been modified with phosphoric acid for use as a biosorbent in the removal of methylene blue from wastewater.The characterization of the obtained biosorbent showed that cellulose is the primary constituent followed by lignin and hemicellulose.The high water content and the low value of ash content indicate that the studied biosorbent is a porous material containing a low proportion of inorganic,inert,amorphous and unusable part for biosorbent production.The zero charge point(pHpzc)assessment showed that the overall surface charge of the biosorbent is negative and therefore plays a key role in the adsorption process.The adsorption of methylene blue by mango peels biosorbent is a two-step process:a rapid first step in which over 90%methylene blue is removed in less than 10 min followed by a slowdown of the adsorption rate when approaching the adsorption equilibrium.Among pseudo-first,pseudo-second order and intraparticle diffusion kinetics models studies,pseudo-second order was the best applicable to describe methylene blue adsorption,suggesting a two-step mechanism:the transfer of methylene blue molecules from the solution to the mango peels biosorbent surface,followed by the interaction between adsorbates and surface.The equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed by Langmuir,Freundlich and Temkin isotherms models.Among them,Langmuir was the best model to describe adsorption,indicating the existence of homogeneous distribution of adsorption sites on mango peels biosorbent surface and a mono-layer adsorption of methylene blue molecules.The low value of Temkin’s constant B relative to the interaction energy between methylene blue molecules and the surface of the biosorbent shows that the adsorption involved is a physisorption process.
文摘A semi-empirical adsorption kinetic model was proposed with the time compensation method to describe the chemisorption of SO2 in flue gas by carbon adsorbents for flue gas purification.The change in adsorption capacity and adsorption rate with time at different water vapor concentrations and different SO2 concentrations was studied.The model was in good agreement with experimental data.The surface reaction was probably the rate controlling step in the early stage for SO2 adsorption by ZL50 activated carbon.The parameters m and n in the nth order adsorption kinetic model were related to the magnitude of the time compensation and adsorption driving force,respectively.The change of parameter n with water vapor concentrations and sulfur dioxide concentrations was studied and some physical implications were given.The sum of square errors was less than 1.0 and the average absolute percentage deviations ranged from 0.5 to 3.2.The kinetic model was compared with other models in the literature.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21878222 and 21621004).
文摘In our previous work, a series of polyethylenimine(PEI)-derived cation exchangers were synthesized using PEIgrafted resin FF-PEI-L740(ionic capacity, 740 mmol·L^-1) as the basic resin to study lysozyme adsorption and chromatographic behavior. It was found that the resin with an ionic capacity of 630 mmol·L^-1(FF-PEI-CR630)possessed high adsorption performance towards lysozyme at 0–100 mmol·L^-1 Na Cl. Therefore, in this work,FF-PEI-CR630 was selected to study the influences of pH and ionic strength(IS) on protein adsorption and chromatographic behavior towards lysozyme. The increase of lysozyme adsorption capacity in the pH range of 6 to 10 was observed. However, the uptake rate decreased in the pH range of 6 to 8 and then remained essentially unchanged from pH 8 to pH 10. Increasing IS led to decreased protein adsorption capacity and increased uptake rate in different pH ranges. Besides, FF-PEI-CR630 maintained dynamic binding capacity as high as over150 mg·ml^-1 at pH 8–10 without NaCl. The research has thus provided insight into the selection of proper pH and IS conditions for protein purification by using FF-PEI-CR630.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 40871110 and 30828005)the National Water Pollution Control and Management Special Project of China (No. 2009ZX07102-003)+1 种基金the Special Project of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province,China (No. 2008A080800028)the Supporting Project of Science and Technology of Guangzhou City,China (No. 2008Z1-E621)
文摘Constructed wetlands (CWs) are engineered systems that utilize natural systems including wetland vegetations,soils,and their associated microbial assemblages to assist in treating wastewater.The kinetic adsorption of ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) by CW substrate materials such as blast furnace slag (BFS),zeolite,ceramsite,vermiculite,gravel,paddy soil,red soil,and turf,was investigated using batch experiments and kinetic adsorption isotherms.Both Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms could adequately predict the NH4+-N adsorption process.The maximum adsorption capacities of NH4+-N,estimated from the Langmuir isotherm,ranked as:zeolite (33 333.33 mg kg-1) > turf (29 274.01 mg kg-1) > BFS (5 000 mg kg-1) > vermiculite (3 333.33 mg kg-1) > gravel (769.23 mg kg-1) > paddy soil (588.24 mg kg-1) > red soil (555.56 mg kg-1) > ceramsite (107.53 mg kg-1).Some properties of the substrate materials,including bulk density,specific gravity,hydraulic conductivity,uniformity coefficient (K60),curvature coefficient (Cc),organic matter,pH,exchangeable (or active) Cu,Fe,Zn and Mn,total Cu,and Fe,Mn,Zn,Cd,Pb and Ca,had negative correlations with NH4+-N adsorption.Other properties of the substrate materials like particle diameter values of D10,D30 and D60 (the diameters of particle sizes of a substrate material at which 10%,30% and 60%,respectively,of the particles pass through the sieve based on the accumulative frequency),cation exchange capacity (CEC),exchangeable (or active) Ca and Mg,and total K and Mg had positive correlations with NH4+-N adsorption.In addition,active K and Na as well as the total Na had significant positive correlations with NH4+-N adsorption.This information would be useful for selection of suitable substrate materials for CWs.
基金Project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(21176118)
文摘Solid adsorbents Cu+-13X and Cu+-13X loaded with La element were prepared by ion-exchange method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to characterize the structure of the prepared zeolite. Adsorption of thiophene with different groups over the two adsorbents was investigated by static adsorption equilibrium and kinetic test. Static equilibrium data were correlated based on the Langmuir model and the modified Langmuir model. Kinetic data were fitted very well by Crank diffusion model. The results revealed that the adsorption capacity of single component over the Cu+-13X loaded with La element increased about 10% as compared to the non-doped Cu+-13X. Fitting results of ηi and De illustrated that loading of the La element into zeolite could change the interaction force between binary components. The kinetic test showed that the competitive adsorption became moderate, and thus resulted in the improvement of the total desulfurization capacity.
基金Financial support for this study was kindly provided by the National Natural Science Foundation Project of China(5217-4202)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program of China Association for Science,and Technology(2021QNRC001).
文摘This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of mineral spontaneous combustion in an open pit. On the study of coal and mineral mixture in open pit mines, as well as through the specifc surface area and Search Engine Marketing (SEM) experiments, the specifc surface area and aperture characteristics of distribution of open pit coal sample and pit mineral mixture samples were analyzed. Thermal analysis experiments were used to divide the oxidation process was divided into three stages, and the thermal behavior characteristics of experimental samples were characterized. On the basis of the stage division, we explored the transfer law of the key active functional groups of the experimental samples. The apparent activation energy calculation of the key active groups, performed by combining the Achar diferential method with the Coats–Redfern integral method, microstructural and oxidation kinetic properties were revealed. The resulted showed that the mixed sample had high ash, the fxed carbon content was reduced, the specifc surface area was far lower than the raw coal, the large aperture distribution was slightly higher than the medium hole, the micropore was exceptionally low, the gas adsorption capacity was weaker than the raw coal, the pit coal sample had the exceedingly more active functional groups, easy to react with oxygen, more likely to occur naturally, and its harm was relatively large. The mixed sample contained the highest C–O–C functional group absorbance. The functional groups were mainly infuenced by the self-OH content, alkyl side chain, and fatty hydrocarbon in the sample. The main functional groups of the four-like mixture had the highest apparent activation energy, and the two reactions were higher in the low-temperature oxidation phase.
基金Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz and Isfahan University of Technology for the financial supports they provided for this study
文摘This work aims to investigate the efficiency of Fariman sepiolite from Iran as an adsorbent to remove Cd from aqueous solutions. The effects of different experimental factors such as the initial Cd concentration, contact time and the sorbent dose were investigated through a series of batch adsorption experiments. The results show that the adsorption capacity of sepiolite for Cd increases with the contact time, the initial concentration of Cd solutions and the sorbent dose. Sorption of Cd by Fariman sepiolite is rapid within the first hour of the experiment and then slowly increases until a pseudo equilibrium is approached at 8 h. The results also show that the time-dependent Cd sorption data are better described with pseudo second-order(r2>0.999) than that of pseudo first-order(r2>0.971) kinetic model. Equilibrium isotherm studies show that the experimental data are better correlated by the Freundlich adsorption isotherm(r2>0.995) than the Langmuir(r2>0.825). It is suggested that both adsorption and cation exchange reactions are responsible for the sorption of Cd by the sepiolite, and the mineral has a very good potential to remove Cd from aqueous solutions.
