Ensuring high product quality is of paramount importance in pharmaceutical drug manufacturing,as it is subject to rigorous regulatory practices.This study presents a research focused on the development of an on-line d...Ensuring high product quality is of paramount importance in pharmaceutical drug manufacturing,as it is subject to rigorous regulatory practices.This study presents a research focused on the development of an on-line detection method and system for identifying surface defects in pharmaceutical products packaged in aluminum-plastic blisters.Firstly,the aluminum-plastic blister packages exhibit multi-scale features and inter-class indistinction.To address this,the deep semantic network with boundary refinement(DSN-BR)model is proposed,which leverages semantic segmentation domain knowledge,to accurately segment the defects in pixel level.Additionally,a specialized image acquisition module that minimizes the impact of ambient light is established,ensuring high-quality image capture.Finally,the image acquisition module,image detection module,and data management module are designed to construct a comprehensive online surface defect detection system.To validate the effectiveness of our approach,we employ a real dataset for instance verification on the implemented system.The experimental results substantiate the outstanding performance of the DSN-BR,achieving the mean intersection over union(MIoU)of 90.5%.Furthermore,the proposed system achieves an inference speed of up to 14.12 f/s,while attaining an F1-Score of 98.25%.These results demonstrate that the system meets the actual needs of the enterprise and provides theoretical and methodological support for intelligent inspection of product surface quality.By standardizing the control process of pharmaceutical manufacturing and improving the management capability of the manufacturing process,our approach holds significant market application prospects.展开更多
BACKGROUND Blue rubber blister nevus syndrome(BRBNS)is a congenital,rare disease charac-terized by venous malformations of the skin and internal organs,affecting all systems throughout the body.The pathogenesis is unk...BACKGROUND Blue rubber blister nevus syndrome(BRBNS)is a congenital,rare disease charac-terized by venous malformations of the skin and internal organs,affecting all systems throughout the body.The pathogenesis is unknown.There is no con-sensus on the treatment of BRBNS.Most of the previously reported cases were mild to moderate with a good prognosis,and this case was a critically ill patient with severe gastrointestinal hemorrhage,disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC),and severe joint fusion that was different from previously reported cases.CASE SUMMARY An 18-year-old man with early onset of BRBNS in early childhood is reported.He presented with recurrent melena and underwent malformed phlebectomy and partial jejunectomy and ileal resection.The patient had melena before and after surgery.After active treatment,the patient's gastrointestinal bleeding improved.This was a case of atypical BRBNS with severe gastrointestinal bleeding and severe joint fusion,which should be differentiated from other serious joint lesions and provide clinicians with better understanding of this rare disease.CONCLUSION This case of critical BRBNS with gastrointestinal hemorrhage,DIC and severe joint fusion provides further understanding of this rare disease.展开更多
[Objective] The aim of this study was to isolate chitinase gene from Trichoderma atroviride strain SS003. [Method] With the aeciospore wall of armandii pine blister rust as inducer, chitinase gene was induced to expre...[Objective] The aim of this study was to isolate chitinase gene from Trichoderma atroviride strain SS003. [Method] With the aeciospore wall of armandii pine blister rust as inducer, chitinase gene was induced to express in Trichoderma atroviride cells. The cDNA fragment of chitinase gene was cloned by RT-PCR approach. [Result] The activity of chitinase induced reached 40.17 μg/10 min; and the specific fragment amplified was 834 bp in length and proved to be the fragment of chitinase gene by sequencing and sequence analysis. [Conclusion] The result showed the feasibility of isolating the full length of chitinase gene and its transformation, and further producing chitinase.展开更多
The interfacial adhesive properties ofpolypropylene/stainless steel were studied by the blister test. The polypropylene film with a squared free-standing window was pressured by oil from one side of film. The correspo...The interfacial adhesive properties ofpolypropylene/stainless steel were studied by the blister test. The polypropylene film with a squared free-standing window was pressured by oil from one side of film. The corresponding deformation field was observed by a digital speckle correlation method. The experimental results show that the squared film deforms and debonds from stainless steel with the increase of pressure. The debonding of the squared film in initiates from the center of edge and extends to the comer, and then the deformation of film evolves from square to circle shape. The interfacial adhesive energy of polypropylene/stainless steel is （22.60±1.55） J/m2, which is in agreement with that measured by film with a circular window.展开更多
A hydrometallurgical process was developed for recycling pharmaceutical blisters.Leaching aluminum from pharmaceutical blisters using sodium hydroxide(NaOH) solutions was investigated with respect to leaching behavior...A hydrometallurgical process was developed for recycling pharmaceutical blisters.Leaching aluminum from pharmaceutical blisters using sodium hydroxide(NaOH) solutions was investigated with respect to leaching behaviors and kinetics.AL9(34) orthogonal design of experiments suggests that the most significant factor is NaOH concentration followed by temperature and leaching time.Factorial experiments demonstrate that the leaching rate of aluminum increases with increasing of the factors.The optimum conditions are temperature of 70 °C,leaching time of 20 min,NaOH concentration of 1.25 mol/L,liquid-to-solid mass ratio of 15:1 and agitation speed of 400 r/min.Under optimum conditions,the leaching rate is up to 100%,implying that aluminum and polyvinyl chloride(PVC) plastic in pharmaceutical blisters are separated completely.Kinetics of leaching aluminum is best described by the product layer diffusion control model,and the activation energy is calculated to be 19.26 kJ/mol.展开更多
Background Despite the current availability of flow diverter devices(FDD), problems remains regarding optimal endovascular treatment(EVT) for blood blister-like aneurysms(BBAs) of the internal carotid artery(ICA). Obj...Background Despite the current availability of flow diverter devices(FDD), problems remains regarding optimal endovascular treatment(EVT) for blood blister-like aneurysms(BBAs) of the internal carotid artery(ICA). Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of EVT of BBAs in the ICA with a Willis covered stent. Methods 20 consecutive patients(5 men and 15 women) with ruptured BBAs underwent EVT using a Willis covered stent in two institutions from March 2013 to March 2018. Clinical observations, angiographic characteristics, and procedural and follow-up outcomes were retrospectively evaluated. Results 20 consecutive patients(5 men and 15 women) with ruptured BBAs underwent EVT using a Willis covered stent in two institutions from March 2013 to March 2018. Clinical observations, angiographic characteristics, and procedural and follow-up outcomes were retrospectively evaluated. Conclusion Our initial results demonstrate that reconstructive EVT using a Willis covered stent provides a viable approach to treat ICA BBAs. However, an expanded clinical evaluation and larger cohort are needed to confirm the results.展开更多
The Aeromonas species, belonging to the family Aeromonadaceae, are opportunistic pathogens found in humans with an incidence rate of 76 cases per million inhabitants in Southern Taiwan.The incidence of Aeromonas septi...The Aeromonas species, belonging to the family Aeromonadaceae, are opportunistic pathogens found in humans with an incidence rate of 76 cases per million inhabitants in Southern Taiwan.The incidence of Aeromonas septicemia is relatively low, accounting for less than 15% of cases.Patients diagnosed with Aeromonas hydrophila bacteremia who were presented with skin blisters and septic shock have been reported to have a mortality rate of 100%.Aeromonas infection must be considered in the differential diagnosis of gangrene-like tissue damage or skin lesions in patients with end-stage renal disease, due to the potential sources of infections.A 49-year-old Taiwan Residents diabetic woman with end-stage renal disease had underwent regular hemodialysis.She was referred to our hospital due to a one-day course of fever, dyspnea, hypotension, and fulminant hemorrhagic blisters covering her whole body.A physical examination uncovered multiple hemorrhagic blisters, along with a ruptured blister over the lower left leg.Laboratory tests revealed an elevation of liver enzymes, impaired renal function, lactatemia, and high anion-gap metabolic acidosis.Cultures of both blood and hemorrhagic blister fluid grew Aeromonas hydrophila.However, she experienced persistent shock despite aggressive intravenous fluid, empiric antibiotics, and inotropic agents with norepinephrine and dopamine.Early diagnosis and prompt management using intravenous fluids, antibiotics and surgical debridement is recommended in order to improve a patient's survival rate.展开更多
Epidermolysis bullosa is a group of genetic disorders with an autosomal dominant or an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance and more than 300 mutations. The disorder is characterized by blistering mucocutaneous les...Epidermolysis bullosa is a group of genetic disorders with an autosomal dominant or an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance and more than 300 mutations. The disorder is characterized by blistering mucocutaneous lesions and has several varying phenotypes due toanchoring defect between the epidermis and dermis. The variation in phenotypic expression depends on the involved structural protein that mediates cell adherence between different layers of the skin. Epidermolysis bullosa can also involve extra-cutaneous sites including eye, nose, ear, upper airway, genitourinary tract and gastrointestinal tract. The most prominent feature of the gastrointestinal tract involvement is development of esophageal stricture. The stricture results from recurrent esophageal mucosal blistering with consequent scarring and most commonly involves the upper esophagus. Here we present a case of a young boy with dominant subtype of dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa who presented with dysphagia, extensive skin blistering and missing nails. Management of an esophageal stricture eventually requires dilatation of the stricture or placement of a gastrostomy tube to keep up with the nutritional requirements. Gastrostomy tube also provides access for esophageal stricture dilatation in cases where antegrade approach through the mouth has failed.展开更多
In the present work, the effects of chemical compositions on the hydrogen blistering and hydrogen induced cracking of A350LF2 steel with different S contents were studied. Four types of A350LF2 steels were evaluated b...In the present work, the effects of chemical compositions on the hydrogen blistering and hydrogen induced cracking of A350LF2 steel with different S contents were studied. Four types of A350LF2 steels were evaluated by immersing samples in H2S-saturated NACE solution. The hydrogen blistering, crack length rate(CLR), crack thickness rate(CTR) and crack sensitivity rate(CSR) were evaluated. The results show that there are many hydrogen blisters on the sample surface with S content of 0.021%, a few on the sample surface with S content of 0.019% and 0.012% and no one on the surface with S content of 0.002%. There were 12, 2 and 1 strips of cracks of longer than 0.3 mm on the evaluated cross sections with S content of 0.021%, 0.019% and 0.012%, respectively. There was no any crack in the sample with 0.002% S. The corrosion rate was also evaluated. The S content has no obvious influence on the corrosion rate.展开更多
The accidental ingestion of a foreign body(FB) is a relatively common condition. In the present study, we report a peculiar case of rectal perforation, the first to our knowledge, caused by the inadvertent ingestion o...The accidental ingestion of a foreign body(FB) is a relatively common condition. In the present study, we report a peculiar case of rectal perforation, the first to our knowledge, caused by the inadvertent ingestion of a blister pill pack. The aim of this report is to illustrate the difficulties of the case from a diagnostic and therapeutic viewpoint as well as its unusual presentation. A 75-year-old woman, mentally impaired, arrived at our emergency department in critical condition. The computed tomography scan revealed a substantial abdominopelvic peritoneal effusion and free perigastric air. The patient was therefore submitted to an urgent exploratory laparotomy; a 2-cm long, full-thickness lesion was identified in the anterior distal part of the intraperitoneal rectum. Hence, we performed a Hartmann's procedure. Because of her critical condition, the patient was eventually transferred to the Intensive Care Unit, where she died after 10 d, showing no surgical complication. The ingestion of FBs is usually treated with observation or endoscopic removal. Less than 1% of FBs are likely to cause an intestinal perforation. The intestinal perforation resulting from the unintentional ingestion of an FB is often a difficult challenge when it comes to treatment, due to its late diagnosis and the patients' deteriorated clinical condition.展开更多
Pure tungsten(W) and chromium doped W(W-5%Cr) are prepared by powder metallurgy. The microstructure,blistering and helium retention are investigated by x-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,transmission elect...Pure tungsten(W) and chromium doped W(W-5%Cr) are prepared by powder metallurgy. The microstructure,blistering and helium retention are investigated by x-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy and thermal desorption spectroscopy(TDS). These results show that the average size and density of helium blisters on the surface of pure W are much larger than those on the W-5%Cr alloy. Vacancyimpurity pairs can reduce the migration coefficients of vacancy and vacancy-helium complexes, and Cr may play a role of such an impurity. Moreover, the TDS result shows that the highest desorption peak moves to higher temperature, which is attributed to the HemCrkVncomplexes in the W-Cr alloy. In addition,the helium retention is found to be higher in W than in W-5%Cr.展开更多
Objective: To characterize amikacin pharmacokinetics in serum and in blister fluid of severe burn patients to guide optimal treatment timing. Methods: Patients (N = 32) were divided into four groups based on amikacin ...Objective: To characterize amikacin pharmacokinetics in serum and in blister fluid of severe burn patients to guide optimal treatment timing. Methods: Patients (N = 32) were divided into four groups based on amikacin administration timing and groups received drug minutes to hours after injury. In Groups A, B, C, and D, amikacin (400 mg, IV) was administered 3 - 4, 10, 20 and 30 h post burn injury, respectively (N = 8 for all groups). Next blister fluid and venous blood samples from 9 patients were obtained at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 h after drug infusion. Amikacin concentrations were measured with a fluorescent polarization immunoassay and pharmacokinetics was deduced using DAS3.2.5. Statistical analyses performed with SPSS13.0. Results: Compared with normal values, t1/2z of amikacin from burn patients was shortened in serum but amikacin half-lives in blister fluid was significantly greater than serum half-life values (p < 0.05). Groups A and B had greater pharmacokinetic values at each time point, and Group D did not achieve antibacterial concentrations of amikacin. Conclusion: Early amikacin administration in severe burn patients offers greater concentrations of drug in serum and blister fluids.展开更多
One of the early failures of coating is blister. Here two different coatings were applied on various materials and microstructures. The formation of the blister, and its microstructural and material dependencies were ...One of the early failures of coating is blister. Here two different coatings were applied on various materials and microstructures. The formation of the blister, and its microstructural and material dependencies were evaluated. It is concluded that general organic coating forms more severe blisters than that of the metallic effect coating. General organic coating protects the samples by insulation film while metallic coating protects by acting as galvanic protection. Therefore, the failure modes are also different, namely blister and filiform corrosion. The dependencies on the microstructures and on material types also follow the insulation film concept and galvanic protection concept.展开更多
Blistering cupping therapy, as a new type of cupping therapy, has attracted more and more attention of clinical doctor and scholars in home and abroad. Blistering cupping therapy achieves better effects through the fo...Blistering cupping therapy, as a new type of cupping therapy, has attracted more and more attention of clinical doctor and scholars in home and abroad. Blistering cupping therapy achieves better effects through the formation of blistering fluid after suction. However, it is still controversial whether cupping induced blisters are beneficial to recovery of diseases, and the mechanism is still not completely clear. Here on the basis of the traditional cupping method, we aimed to identify the mechanism of blistering cupping from the levels of biomechanics and molecular biology. The negative pressure attraction induced by cupping suck should be of value in increasing pain threshold and relieving pain as well as improving the blood circulation and metabolism. Furthermore, the blistering fluid induced by cupping was the inflammatory substance actually that discharged through the superficial lymphatic vessels, including immunoglobulin, lysozyme, erythrocytes, etc. which could cause the autogenetic inflammatory reaction of selected cupping area, and further activated certain immune pathways including anti-oxidation, anti-apoptosis, tissue repairing and metabolic regulation. Besides, the formation of scar induced by blistering cupping was not only the result of excessive inflammatory response, but also involved in mobilizing the immune response.展开更多
The blistering and flaking behavior of many kinds of amorphous alloys under helium ion bombardment at room temperature was investigated. Helium ions with energies of 40keV and 60keV were implanted within the fluence r...The blistering and flaking behavior of many kinds of amorphous alloys under helium ion bombardment at room temperature was investigated. Helium ions with energies of 40keV and 60keV were implanted within the fluence range (1.0～4.0)×1018ions/cm2. The surface topography of samples after irradiation was observed by using a scanning electron microscope. The diameter of blister and the thickness of exfoliated blister lids were measured. The results showed that many kinds of surface topography characteristics appeared for different fluences, energies and amorphous alloys, such as flaking, blistering, exfoliation, blister rupture, secondgeneration blistering and porous structure. The dependdence of surface damage modesand the critical fluence for the onset of blistering and flaking on the sort of materials and ion energy was discussed.展开更多
In the present study,numerical simulation method was used to analyze the conditions,resulting in the formation of blisters during solution heat treatment.Blister formation is considered to occur as the height of blist...In the present study,numerical simulation method was used to analyze the conditions,resulting in the formation of blisters during solution heat treatment.Blister formation is considered to occur as the height of blister reaches 5μm.The effects of process parameters on the magnitude of the forming temperatures of blister(Tb)were discussed.Two kinds of Al-Si alloys were used to analyze the effect of mechanical properties of the alloys on blister forming conditions.Simulation results show that decreasing the initial pressure in gas hole,the long-short axial ratio of gas hole and the size of gas hole,as well as increasing the depth of gas hole and the strength of alloy are helpful to increase the critical temperature of forming blister.These conclusions are helpful for casters to understand the conditions controlling blister formation during solution heat treatment and take actions to avoid the blister defects.展开更多
文摘Ensuring high product quality is of paramount importance in pharmaceutical drug manufacturing,as it is subject to rigorous regulatory practices.This study presents a research focused on the development of an on-line detection method and system for identifying surface defects in pharmaceutical products packaged in aluminum-plastic blisters.Firstly,the aluminum-plastic blister packages exhibit multi-scale features and inter-class indistinction.To address this,the deep semantic network with boundary refinement(DSN-BR)model is proposed,which leverages semantic segmentation domain knowledge,to accurately segment the defects in pixel level.Additionally,a specialized image acquisition module that minimizes the impact of ambient light is established,ensuring high-quality image capture.Finally,the image acquisition module,image detection module,and data management module are designed to construct a comprehensive online surface defect detection system.To validate the effectiveness of our approach,we employ a real dataset for instance verification on the implemented system.The experimental results substantiate the outstanding performance of the DSN-BR,achieving the mean intersection over union(MIoU)of 90.5%.Furthermore,the proposed system achieves an inference speed of up to 14.12 f/s,while attaining an F1-Score of 98.25%.These results demonstrate that the system meets the actual needs of the enterprise and provides theoretical and methodological support for intelligent inspection of product surface quality.By standardizing the control process of pharmaceutical manufacturing and improving the management capability of the manufacturing process,our approach holds significant market application prospects.
文摘BACKGROUND Blue rubber blister nevus syndrome(BRBNS)is a congenital,rare disease charac-terized by venous malformations of the skin and internal organs,affecting all systems throughout the body.The pathogenesis is unknown.There is no con-sensus on the treatment of BRBNS.Most of the previously reported cases were mild to moderate with a good prognosis,and this case was a critically ill patient with severe gastrointestinal hemorrhage,disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC),and severe joint fusion that was different from previously reported cases.CASE SUMMARY An 18-year-old man with early onset of BRBNS in early childhood is reported.He presented with recurrent melena and underwent malformed phlebectomy and partial jejunectomy and ileal resection.The patient had melena before and after surgery.After active treatment,the patient's gastrointestinal bleeding improved.This was a case of atypical BRBNS with severe gastrointestinal bleeding and severe joint fusion,which should be differentiated from other serious joint lesions and provide clinicians with better understanding of this rare disease.CONCLUSION This case of critical BRBNS with gastrointestinal hemorrhage,DIC and severe joint fusion provides further understanding of this rare disease.
基金Supported by Science Foundation from Southwest Forestry College(200524M)Natural Science Foundation of Yunan Province(2002C0047M)Key Scientific and Technological Project of Yunan Province(2003NG12)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim of this study was to isolate chitinase gene from Trichoderma atroviride strain SS003. [Method] With the aeciospore wall of armandii pine blister rust as inducer, chitinase gene was induced to express in Trichoderma atroviride cells. The cDNA fragment of chitinase gene was cloned by RT-PCR approach. [Result] The activity of chitinase induced reached 40.17 μg/10 min; and the specific fragment amplified was 834 bp in length and proved to be the fragment of chitinase gene by sequencing and sequence analysis. [Conclusion] The result showed the feasibility of isolating the full length of chitinase gene and its transformation, and further producing chitinase.
基金Projects(11102176,11172258,10828205)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The interfacial adhesive properties ofpolypropylene/stainless steel were studied by the blister test. The polypropylene film with a squared free-standing window was pressured by oil from one side of film. The corresponding deformation field was observed by a digital speckle correlation method. The experimental results show that the squared film deforms and debonds from stainless steel with the increase of pressure. The debonding of the squared film in initiates from the center of edge and extends to the comer, and then the deformation of film evolves from square to circle shape. The interfacial adhesive energy of polypropylene/stainless steel is （22.60±1.55） J/m2, which is in agreement with that measured by film with a circular window.
基金Project(2010CB630903)supported by the National Basic Research Program of China
文摘A hydrometallurgical process was developed for recycling pharmaceutical blisters.Leaching aluminum from pharmaceutical blisters using sodium hydroxide(NaOH) solutions was investigated with respect to leaching behaviors and kinetics.AL9(34) orthogonal design of experiments suggests that the most significant factor is NaOH concentration followed by temperature and leaching time.Factorial experiments demonstrate that the leaching rate of aluminum increases with increasing of the factors.The optimum conditions are temperature of 70 °C,leaching time of 20 min,NaOH concentration of 1.25 mol/L,liquid-to-solid mass ratio of 15:1 and agitation speed of 400 r/min.Under optimum conditions,the leaching rate is up to 100%,implying that aluminum and polyvinyl chloride(PVC) plastic in pharmaceutical blisters are separated completely.Kinetics of leaching aluminum is best described by the product layer diffusion control model,and the activation energy is calculated to be 19.26 kJ/mol.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Scientific Fund of China(grant number 81771951)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai(grant number 14DZ1941204)
文摘Background Despite the current availability of flow diverter devices(FDD), problems remains regarding optimal endovascular treatment(EVT) for blood blister-like aneurysms(BBAs) of the internal carotid artery(ICA). Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of EVT of BBAs in the ICA with a Willis covered stent. Methods 20 consecutive patients(5 men and 15 women) with ruptured BBAs underwent EVT using a Willis covered stent in two institutions from March 2013 to March 2018. Clinical observations, angiographic characteristics, and procedural and follow-up outcomes were retrospectively evaluated. Results 20 consecutive patients(5 men and 15 women) with ruptured BBAs underwent EVT using a Willis covered stent in two institutions from March 2013 to March 2018. Clinical observations, angiographic characteristics, and procedural and follow-up outcomes were retrospectively evaluated. Conclusion Our initial results demonstrate that reconstructive EVT using a Willis covered stent provides a viable approach to treat ICA BBAs. However, an expanded clinical evaluation and larger cohort are needed to confirm the results.
文摘The Aeromonas species, belonging to the family Aeromonadaceae, are opportunistic pathogens found in humans with an incidence rate of 76 cases per million inhabitants in Southern Taiwan.The incidence of Aeromonas septicemia is relatively low, accounting for less than 15% of cases.Patients diagnosed with Aeromonas hydrophila bacteremia who were presented with skin blisters and septic shock have been reported to have a mortality rate of 100%.Aeromonas infection must be considered in the differential diagnosis of gangrene-like tissue damage or skin lesions in patients with end-stage renal disease, due to the potential sources of infections.A 49-year-old Taiwan Residents diabetic woman with end-stage renal disease had underwent regular hemodialysis.She was referred to our hospital due to a one-day course of fever, dyspnea, hypotension, and fulminant hemorrhagic blisters covering her whole body.A physical examination uncovered multiple hemorrhagic blisters, along with a ruptured blister over the lower left leg.Laboratory tests revealed an elevation of liver enzymes, impaired renal function, lactatemia, and high anion-gap metabolic acidosis.Cultures of both blood and hemorrhagic blister fluid grew Aeromonas hydrophila.However, she experienced persistent shock despite aggressive intravenous fluid, empiric antibiotics, and inotropic agents with norepinephrine and dopamine.Early diagnosis and prompt management using intravenous fluids, antibiotics and surgical debridement is recommended in order to improve a patient's survival rate.
文摘Epidermolysis bullosa is a group of genetic disorders with an autosomal dominant or an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance and more than 300 mutations. The disorder is characterized by blistering mucocutaneous lesions and has several varying phenotypes due toanchoring defect between the epidermis and dermis. The variation in phenotypic expression depends on the involved structural protein that mediates cell adherence between different layers of the skin. Epidermolysis bullosa can also involve extra-cutaneous sites including eye, nose, ear, upper airway, genitourinary tract and gastrointestinal tract. The most prominent feature of the gastrointestinal tract involvement is development of esophageal stricture. The stricture results from recurrent esophageal mucosal blistering with consequent scarring and most commonly involves the upper esophagus. Here we present a case of a young boy with dominant subtype of dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa who presented with dysphagia, extensive skin blistering and missing nails. Management of an esophageal stricture eventually requires dilatation of the stricture or placement of a gastrostomy tube to keep up with the nutritional requirements. Gastrostomy tube also provides access for esophageal stricture dilatation in cases where antegrade approach through the mouth has failed.
文摘In the present work, the effects of chemical compositions on the hydrogen blistering and hydrogen induced cracking of A350LF2 steel with different S contents were studied. Four types of A350LF2 steels were evaluated by immersing samples in H2S-saturated NACE solution. The hydrogen blistering, crack length rate(CLR), crack thickness rate(CTR) and crack sensitivity rate(CSR) were evaluated. The results show that there are many hydrogen blisters on the sample surface with S content of 0.021%, a few on the sample surface with S content of 0.019% and 0.012% and no one on the surface with S content of 0.002%. There were 12, 2 and 1 strips of cracks of longer than 0.3 mm on the evaluated cross sections with S content of 0.021%, 0.019% and 0.012%, respectively. There was no any crack in the sample with 0.002% S. The corrosion rate was also evaluated. The S content has no obvious influence on the corrosion rate.
文摘The accidental ingestion of a foreign body(FB) is a relatively common condition. In the present study, we report a peculiar case of rectal perforation, the first to our knowledge, caused by the inadvertent ingestion of a blister pill pack. The aim of this report is to illustrate the difficulties of the case from a diagnostic and therapeutic viewpoint as well as its unusual presentation. A 75-year-old woman, mentally impaired, arrived at our emergency department in critical condition. The computed tomography scan revealed a substantial abdominopelvic peritoneal effusion and free perigastric air. The patient was therefore submitted to an urgent exploratory laparotomy; a 2-cm long, full-thickness lesion was identified in the anterior distal part of the intraperitoneal rectum. Hence, we performed a Hartmann's procedure. Because of her critical condition, the patient was eventually transferred to the Intensive Care Unit, where she died after 10 d, showing no surgical complication. The ingestion of FBs is usually treated with observation or endoscopic removal. Less than 1% of FBs are likely to cause an intestinal perforation. The intestinal perforation resulting from the unintentional ingestion of an FB is often a difficult challenge when it comes to treatment, due to its late diagnosis and the patients' deteriorated clinical condition.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 51471015 and 11675010the National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Program under Grant No 2015GB109003
文摘Pure tungsten(W) and chromium doped W(W-5%Cr) are prepared by powder metallurgy. The microstructure,blistering and helium retention are investigated by x-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy and thermal desorption spectroscopy(TDS). These results show that the average size and density of helium blisters on the surface of pure W are much larger than those on the W-5%Cr alloy. Vacancyimpurity pairs can reduce the migration coefficients of vacancy and vacancy-helium complexes, and Cr may play a role of such an impurity. Moreover, the TDS result shows that the highest desorption peak moves to higher temperature, which is attributed to the HemCrkVncomplexes in the W-Cr alloy. In addition,the helium retention is found to be higher in W than in W-5%Cr.
文摘Objective: To characterize amikacin pharmacokinetics in serum and in blister fluid of severe burn patients to guide optimal treatment timing. Methods: Patients (N = 32) were divided into four groups based on amikacin administration timing and groups received drug minutes to hours after injury. In Groups A, B, C, and D, amikacin (400 mg, IV) was administered 3 - 4, 10, 20 and 30 h post burn injury, respectively (N = 8 for all groups). Next blister fluid and venous blood samples from 9 patients were obtained at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 h after drug infusion. Amikacin concentrations were measured with a fluorescent polarization immunoassay and pharmacokinetics was deduced using DAS3.2.5. Statistical analyses performed with SPSS13.0. Results: Compared with normal values, t1/2z of amikacin from burn patients was shortened in serum but amikacin half-lives in blister fluid was significantly greater than serum half-life values (p < 0.05). Groups A and B had greater pharmacokinetic values at each time point, and Group D did not achieve antibacterial concentrations of amikacin. Conclusion: Early amikacin administration in severe burn patients offers greater concentrations of drug in serum and blister fluids.
文摘One of the early failures of coating is blister. Here two different coatings were applied on various materials and microstructures. The formation of the blister, and its microstructural and material dependencies were evaluated. It is concluded that general organic coating forms more severe blisters than that of the metallic effect coating. General organic coating protects the samples by insulation film while metallic coating protects by acting as galvanic protection. Therefore, the failure modes are also different, namely blister and filiform corrosion. The dependencies on the microstructures and on material types also follow the insulation film concept and galvanic protection concept.
文摘Blistering cupping therapy, as a new type of cupping therapy, has attracted more and more attention of clinical doctor and scholars in home and abroad. Blistering cupping therapy achieves better effects through the formation of blistering fluid after suction. However, it is still controversial whether cupping induced blisters are beneficial to recovery of diseases, and the mechanism is still not completely clear. Here on the basis of the traditional cupping method, we aimed to identify the mechanism of blistering cupping from the levels of biomechanics and molecular biology. The negative pressure attraction induced by cupping suck should be of value in increasing pain threshold and relieving pain as well as improving the blood circulation and metabolism. Furthermore, the blistering fluid induced by cupping was the inflammatory substance actually that discharged through the superficial lymphatic vessels, including immunoglobulin, lysozyme, erythrocytes, etc. which could cause the autogenetic inflammatory reaction of selected cupping area, and further activated certain immune pathways including anti-oxidation, anti-apoptosis, tissue repairing and metabolic regulation. Besides, the formation of scar induced by blistering cupping was not only the result of excessive inflammatory response, but also involved in mobilizing the immune response.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation (19775058 and 10075064), Natural ScienceFoundation of Gansu Province (ZR96-025) and th
文摘The blistering and flaking behavior of many kinds of amorphous alloys under helium ion bombardment at room temperature was investigated. Helium ions with energies of 40keV and 60keV were implanted within the fluence range (1.0～4.0)×1018ions/cm2. The surface topography of samples after irradiation was observed by using a scanning electron microscope. The diameter of blister and the thickness of exfoliated blister lids were measured. The results showed that many kinds of surface topography characteristics appeared for different fluences, energies and amorphous alloys, such as flaking, blistering, exfoliation, blister rupture, secondgeneration blistering and porous structure. The dependdence of surface damage modesand the critical fluence for the onset of blistering and flaking on the sort of materials and ion energy was discussed.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2016YFB0301003)Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission under Projects (Nos.JCYJ20170307110223452,KQJSCX20170328155402991 and KQTD20170328154443162)。
文摘In the present study,numerical simulation method was used to analyze the conditions,resulting in the formation of blisters during solution heat treatment.Blister formation is considered to occur as the height of blister reaches 5μm.The effects of process parameters on the magnitude of the forming temperatures of blister(Tb)were discussed.Two kinds of Al-Si alloys were used to analyze the effect of mechanical properties of the alloys on blister forming conditions.Simulation results show that decreasing the initial pressure in gas hole,the long-short axial ratio of gas hole and the size of gas hole,as well as increasing the depth of gas hole and the strength of alloy are helpful to increase the critical temperature of forming blister.These conclusions are helpful for casters to understand the conditions controlling blister formation during solution heat treatment and take actions to avoid the blister defects.
