为遴选可有效表征农田土壤Cd生物有效性的指标,文章采集浙江某地20组稻米及其协同土壤,分析稻米Cd质量比、土壤的基本理化性质、Cd总质量比、不同浸提态Cd质量比及欧共体标准物质局(European Community Bureau of Reference,BCR)形态。...为遴选可有效表征农田土壤Cd生物有效性的指标,文章采集浙江某地20组稻米及其协同土壤,分析稻米Cd质量比、土壤的基本理化性质、Cd总质量比、不同浸提态Cd质量比及欧共体标准物质局(European Community Bureau of Reference,BCR)形态。结果表明:稻米Cd质量比为0.01~0.51 mg/kg,土壤Cd质量比为0.17~3.15 mg/kg,稻米Cd富集系数为0.04~1.42;土壤Cd主要以弱酸态(40.5%)和还原态(37.1%)存在,二乙烯三胺五乙酸(diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid,DTPA)浸提土壤Cd能力最强(15.6%);基于w(CaCl_(2)-Cd)构建的三次函数建立的回归模型可解释稻米Cd 57.4%方差,w(CaCl_(2)-Cd)可以作为表征水稻土壤Cd生物有效性的指标,基于水稻土壤Cd生物有效性可提高污染风险评价的科学性。展开更多
[Objective]The study was to investigate residual regularity in tissues of layer after combined exposure to lead (Pb)and/or cadmium (Cd).[Method]Lead acetate (100 mg/L)and/or cadmium chloride (50 mg/L)were administered...[Objective]The study was to investigate residual regularity in tissues of layer after combined exposure to lead (Pb)and/or cadmium (Cd).[Method]Lead acetate (100 mg/L)and/or cadmium chloride (50 mg/L)were administered in drinking water to 120 individuals of 40-week-old hyline layers for 8 weeks.[Result]Compared with the Cd group,the Cd content in various tissues,except kidney and femur,in Cd+Pb group all increased,but the difference was not significant (P>0.05).The Cd contents in kidney and femur in Cd group were significantly higher than that in Cd+Pb group.Compared with the group Pb,the Pb contents in breast muscle and kidney in Cd+Pb group decreased significantly (P<0.05);the Pb contents in femur decreased extremely (P<0.01);while the Pb contents in leg muscle,heart and spleen increased significantly (P<0.05);the Pb contents in liver and glandular stomach were almost the same.Compared with the control group,the Cd content in various tissues in Pb group increased significantly (P<0.05);no significant changes were observed for Pb content in Cd group.[Conclusion]Deposit of Pb and Cd in poultry body had complex interaction.展开更多
【目的】为探究UV-B和重金属Cd双重胁迫对麦长管蚜Sitobion avenae(Fabricius)生长发育和繁殖的影响,以及UV-B和重金属Cd两因素间的交互作用。【方法】在室内,不同辐射强度UV-B(0,0.1,0.2和0.7 m W/cm^2)与不同浓度重金属Cd(0,20,40,80...【目的】为探究UV-B和重金属Cd双重胁迫对麦长管蚜Sitobion avenae(Fabricius)生长发育和繁殖的影响,以及UV-B和重金属Cd两因素间的交互作用。【方法】在室内,不同辐射强度UV-B(0,0.1,0.2和0.7 m W/cm^2)与不同浓度重金属Cd(0,20,40,80和160 mg/kg)处理后,采用特定年龄生命表方法,统计麦长管蚜种群参数、繁殖参数、存活率和繁殖力的变化。【结果】麦长管蚜种群的生命表各参数受UV-B与重金属Cd双重胁迫影响显著,且UV-B对麦长管蚜的生命表各参数影响要大于重金属Cd;UV-B和重金属Cd两因素间存在交互作用。同一重金属Cd浓度时,随着UV-B辐射强度的增加,麦长管蚜种群的内禀增长率r、周限增长率λ、净增殖率R_0、繁殖力F、产仔天数和成虫寿命均呈现先下降后上升的趋势,且均在UV-B辐射强度为0.2 m W/cm^2时下降至最低点;而麦长管蚜种群的平均世代周期T则呈现先升高后下降的趋势,且在UV-B辐射强度为0.1m W/cm^2时上升至最高点。同一UV-B辐射强度下,随着重金属Cd浓度的增加,麦长管蚜种群生命表各参数均呈现波动变化;双重胁迫处理组麦长管蚜种群内禀增长率r、周限增长率λ、净增殖率R_0、繁殖力F、产仔天数和成虫寿命均显著低于单一重金属Cd处理组,而其平均世代周期T显著高于单一重金属Cd处理组,且双重胁迫处理组生命表各参数的峰值点较单一因素重金属Cd处理组均呈现不同程度的提前。【结论】UV-B与重金属Cd影响麦长管蚜种群的生长发育和繁殖,且由于这两因素间存在交互作用,二者双重胁迫对麦长管蚜种群的生长发育和繁殖影响更加严重。展开更多
文摘为遴选可有效表征农田土壤Cd生物有效性的指标,文章采集浙江某地20组稻米及其协同土壤,分析稻米Cd质量比、土壤的基本理化性质、Cd总质量比、不同浸提态Cd质量比及欧共体标准物质局(European Community Bureau of Reference,BCR)形态。结果表明:稻米Cd质量比为0.01~0.51 mg/kg,土壤Cd质量比为0.17~3.15 mg/kg,稻米Cd富集系数为0.04~1.42;土壤Cd主要以弱酸态(40.5%)和还原态(37.1%)存在,二乙烯三胺五乙酸(diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid,DTPA)浸提土壤Cd能力最强(15.6%);基于w(CaCl_(2)-Cd)构建的三次函数建立的回归模型可解释稻米Cd 57.4%方差,w(CaCl_(2)-Cd)可以作为表征水稻土壤Cd生物有效性的指标,基于水稻土壤Cd生物有效性可提高污染风险评价的科学性。
基金National Quality Safety Risk Assessment of Agricultural Products Program(GJFP2016007)Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science(JQ201201)+2 种基金Yangzhou Prospective Study of Agriculture Fund(yz2014145)Jiangsu Sanxin Agriculture Engineering(SXGC[2016]292,SXGC[2015]298)General Program of Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20131235)
文摘[Objective]The study was to investigate residual regularity in tissues of layer after combined exposure to lead (Pb)and/or cadmium (Cd).[Method]Lead acetate (100 mg/L)and/or cadmium chloride (50 mg/L)were administered in drinking water to 120 individuals of 40-week-old hyline layers for 8 weeks.[Result]Compared with the Cd group,the Cd content in various tissues,except kidney and femur,in Cd+Pb group all increased,but the difference was not significant (P>0.05).The Cd contents in kidney and femur in Cd group were significantly higher than that in Cd+Pb group.Compared with the group Pb,the Pb contents in breast muscle and kidney in Cd+Pb group decreased significantly (P<0.05);the Pb contents in femur decreased extremely (P<0.01);while the Pb contents in leg muscle,heart and spleen increased significantly (P<0.05);the Pb contents in liver and glandular stomach were almost the same.Compared with the control group,the Cd content in various tissues in Pb group increased significantly (P<0.05);no significant changes were observed for Pb content in Cd group.[Conclusion]Deposit of Pb and Cd in poultry body had complex interaction.
文摘【目的】为探究UV-B和重金属Cd双重胁迫对麦长管蚜Sitobion avenae(Fabricius)生长发育和繁殖的影响,以及UV-B和重金属Cd两因素间的交互作用。【方法】在室内,不同辐射强度UV-B(0,0.1,0.2和0.7 m W/cm^2)与不同浓度重金属Cd(0,20,40,80和160 mg/kg)处理后,采用特定年龄生命表方法,统计麦长管蚜种群参数、繁殖参数、存活率和繁殖力的变化。【结果】麦长管蚜种群的生命表各参数受UV-B与重金属Cd双重胁迫影响显著,且UV-B对麦长管蚜的生命表各参数影响要大于重金属Cd;UV-B和重金属Cd两因素间存在交互作用。同一重金属Cd浓度时,随着UV-B辐射强度的增加,麦长管蚜种群的内禀增长率r、周限增长率λ、净增殖率R_0、繁殖力F、产仔天数和成虫寿命均呈现先下降后上升的趋势,且均在UV-B辐射强度为0.2 m W/cm^2时下降至最低点;而麦长管蚜种群的平均世代周期T则呈现先升高后下降的趋势,且在UV-B辐射强度为0.1m W/cm^2时上升至最高点。同一UV-B辐射强度下,随着重金属Cd浓度的增加,麦长管蚜种群生命表各参数均呈现波动变化;双重胁迫处理组麦长管蚜种群内禀增长率r、周限增长率λ、净增殖率R_0、繁殖力F、产仔天数和成虫寿命均显著低于单一重金属Cd处理组,而其平均世代周期T显著高于单一重金属Cd处理组,且双重胁迫处理组生命表各参数的峰值点较单一因素重金属Cd处理组均呈现不同程度的提前。【结论】UV-B与重金属Cd影响麦长管蚜种群的生长发育和繁殖,且由于这两因素间存在交互作用,二者双重胁迫对麦长管蚜种群的生长发育和繁殖影响更加严重。
