Carbapenem antibiotics were first introduced in the 1980s and have long been considered the most active agents for the treatment of multidrug-resistant gramnegative bacteria.Over the last decade,carbapenem-resistant E...Carbapenem antibiotics were first introduced in the 1980s and have long been considered the most active agents for the treatment of multidrug-resistant gramnegative bacteria.Over the last decade,carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae(CRE)have emerged as organisms causing spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.Infections caused by CRE have shown a higher mortality rate than those caused by bacteria sensitive to carbapenem antibiotics.Current antibiotic guidelines for the treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis are insufficient,and rapid deescalation of empiric antibiotic treatment is not widely recognized.This review summarizes the molecular characteristics,epidemiology and possible treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis caused by CRE.展开更多
Background: Urosepsis is one of the most common infections that require empirical broad spectrum antibiotics immediately after diagnosis. This has led to development of bacterial resistance by acquiring the capability...Background: Urosepsis is one of the most common infections that require empirical broad spectrum antibiotics immediately after diagnosis. This has led to development of bacterial resistance by acquiring the capability to destroy the β-lactam ring. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional hospital-based study. The study was conducted from 2019 to 2020 at Gezira Hospital for Renal diseases and surgery (GHRDS). A hundred patients were diagnosed clinically with urosepsis and the isolated organisms were Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The susceptibility test was conducted by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion technique according to clinical laboratory standard institute (CLSI) guidelines. Seventy eight samples of bacterial genomic DNA were confirmed by 16srRNA and multiplex PCR, were performed for genotypic blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 gene characterization of isolated bacteria. Then gel electrophoresis was used to identify the presence or absence of (blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23) genes. Results: 88.5% (69/78) in 16srRNA detected. Using multiplex PCR, the frequencies of blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 genes were 13% and 10.1%, respectively. The percentages of isolates which yielded both blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 among P. aeruginosa was 25% (1/4), among K. pneumonia was 17% (1/6), and among E. coli was 8% (3/37). Only blaOXA-51 was detected in P. mirabilis 10% (1/10) and only blaOXA-23 was detected in S. aureus 5% (1/18). Conclusion: In this study, the presence of blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 genes was increased in the isolated bacteria.展开更多
文摘Carbapenem antibiotics were first introduced in the 1980s and have long been considered the most active agents for the treatment of multidrug-resistant gramnegative bacteria.Over the last decade,carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae(CRE)have emerged as organisms causing spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.Infections caused by CRE have shown a higher mortality rate than those caused by bacteria sensitive to carbapenem antibiotics.Current antibiotic guidelines for the treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis are insufficient,and rapid deescalation of empiric antibiotic treatment is not widely recognized.This review summarizes the molecular characteristics,epidemiology and possible treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis caused by CRE.
文摘Background: Urosepsis is one of the most common infections that require empirical broad spectrum antibiotics immediately after diagnosis. This has led to development of bacterial resistance by acquiring the capability to destroy the β-lactam ring. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional hospital-based study. The study was conducted from 2019 to 2020 at Gezira Hospital for Renal diseases and surgery (GHRDS). A hundred patients were diagnosed clinically with urosepsis and the isolated organisms were Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The susceptibility test was conducted by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion technique according to clinical laboratory standard institute (CLSI) guidelines. Seventy eight samples of bacterial genomic DNA were confirmed by 16srRNA and multiplex PCR, were performed for genotypic blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 gene characterization of isolated bacteria. Then gel electrophoresis was used to identify the presence or absence of (blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23) genes. Results: 88.5% (69/78) in 16srRNA detected. Using multiplex PCR, the frequencies of blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 genes were 13% and 10.1%, respectively. The percentages of isolates which yielded both blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 among P. aeruginosa was 25% (1/4), among K. pneumonia was 17% (1/6), and among E. coli was 8% (3/37). Only blaOXA-51 was detected in P. mirabilis 10% (1/10) and only blaOXA-23 was detected in S. aureus 5% (1/18). Conclusion: In this study, the presence of blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 genes was increased in the isolated bacteria.
