Chromatographic behavior of co-eluted compounds from un-extracted drug-free plasma samples was studied by LC-MS and LC-MS/MS with positive APCI.Under soft gradient,total ion chromatogram(TIC) consisted of two major pe...Chromatographic behavior of co-eluted compounds from un-extracted drug-free plasma samples was studied by LC-MS and LC-MS/MS with positive APCI.Under soft gradient,total ion chromatogram(TIC) consisted of two major peaks separated by a constant lower intensity region.Early peak(0.15-0.4 min) belongs to polar plasma compounds and consisted of smaller mass ions(m/z< 250);late peak(3.6-4.6 min) belongs to thermally unstable phospholipids and consisted of fragments with mlz<300.Late peak is more sensitive to variations in chromatographic and MS parameters.Screening of most targeted cardiovascular drugs at levels lower than 50 ng/mL has been possible by LC-MS for drugs with retention factors larger than three.Matrix effects and recovery,at 20 and 200 ng/mL,were evaluated for spiked plasma samples with 15 cardiovascular drugs,by MRM-LC-MS/MS.Average recoveries were above 90%and matrix effects expressed as percent matrix factor(%MF) were above 100%,indicating enhancement character for APCI.Large uncertainties were significant for drugs with smaller masses(m/z< 250) and retention factors lower than two.展开更多
Objective:Cardiovascular diseases are associated with an increased risk of depression,but it remains unclear whether treatment with cardiovascular agents decreases or increases this risk.The effects of drugs on indivi...Objective:Cardiovascular diseases are associated with an increased risk of depression,but it remains unclear whether treatment with cardiovascular agents decreases or increases this risk.The effects of drugs on individual usage are also often unknown.This review aimed to examine the correlation between depression and common cardiovascular drugs,develop more potent interventions for depression in cardiovascular patients,and further research on the bio-behavioural mechanisms linking cardiovascular drugs to depression.Data sources:The data in this review were obtained from articles included in PubMed,EMBASE,and Web of Science.Study selection:Clinical trials,observational studies,review literature,and guidelines about depression and cardiovascular drugs were selected for the article.Results:We systematically investigated whether the seven most used cardiovascular drugs were associated with altered risk of incident depression in this literature review.Statins have been proven to have antidepressant effects.Some studies believe angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors(ACEIs)/angiotensin receptor blocker(ARB)can exert an antidepressant influence by acting on the renin-angiotensin system,but further clinical trials are needed to confirm this.Beta-blockers have previously been associated with depression,but the current study found no significant association between beta blockers and the risk of depression.Aspirin may have antidepressant effects by suppressing the immune response,but its role as an antidepressant remains controversial.calcium channel blockers(CCBs)can regulate nerve signal transduction by adjusting calcium channels,but whether this effect is beneficial or harmful to depression remains unclear.Finally,some cases have reported that nitrates and diuretics are associated with depression,but the current clinical evidence is insufficient.Conclusions:Statins have been proven to have antidepressant effect,and the antidepressant effects of ACEIs/ARB and aspirin are still controversial.CCBs are associated with depression,but it is unclear whether it is beneficial or harmful.No association has been found with b-blockers,diuretics,and nitrates.展开更多
Exosomes serve as vesicles to deliver protein,lipids,nucleic acids or other cellular components,to neighboring or distant cells.Recent studies have highlighted the potential therapeutic effects of stem cell-derived ex...Exosomes serve as vesicles to deliver protein,lipids,nucleic acids or other cellular components,to neighboring or distant cells.Recent studies have highlighted the potential therapeutic effects of stem cell-derived exosomes on cancer and cardiovascular diseases.Our previous studie.shave investigated the role of stem cell-derived exosomes in cardiac protection.Mesenchymalstem cells released miR-22-enriched exosomes after ischemic preconditioning and these exosomes showed protective effects oncardiomyocytes.MiR-21-conaining exosomes were secreted by H_2O_2-treated cardiac progenitor cells and protected cardiomyocytes from H_2O_2-induced apoptosis.Heat-shock lead to the production ofheat shock factor 1-enriched exosomes from cardiac stem cells,which reducedapoptosis of cardiomyocytes.Given these important effects of exosomes in intercellular communications,exosomes have been proposed as a vector for drug delivery or other therapeutic purposes.However,cells secretea limited number of exosomes,which has hampered the development of exosomes for research and clinical application.Synthetic exosome-mimics by cellextrusion or cell membrane-cloaked nanoparticles,which canbe fabricated on a large-scale,provide novel platforms fordrug delivery.Two Korean groups fabricated exosome-mimetic nanovesicles by extruding monocytes or macrophages through a serial of filters and utilized these exosome-mimetics for the delivery of anti-tumor drug.Recently,cell membrane-cloaked nanoparticles have emergedas a potential tool for drug delivery with the advantages ofimmunocompatibility,stability and targeting capabilityfor the treatment of cancer.In summary,exosomes or exosome-mimics may serve as potential therapeutic tools for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.展开更多
The paper examines the effects of grapefruit consumption in relation to drugs, obesity and cardiovascular risk factors. The review includes the most updated studies found in Pub-Med. The grapefruit effect refers to th...The paper examines the effects of grapefruit consumption in relation to drugs, obesity and cardiovascular risk factors. The review includes the most updated studies found in Pub-Med. The grapefruit effect refers to the ability of grapefruit juice and supplements to interact with a wide variety of pharmaceuticals, either enhancing or limiting their systemic availability. Due to altering the active dosage of the pharmaceutical, Grapefruit juice is commonly not allowed to be used alongside with many drugs. Naringin is the most important one, which can inhibit absorption of some drugs but more commonly 6’7’-dihydroxybergamottin, which inhibits CYP3A4. Lately, grapefruit has been found both in rats and adults to reduce body weight, blood pressure, improve lipid and hepatic profile and decrease platelet aggregation. These promising results must be followed by additional studies in order to add to the importance of the role and effects of grapefruit as part of our diet.展开更多
BACKGROUND:The application of coronary stents,especially drug-eluting stents(DESs),has made percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) one of important therapeutic methods for CHD. DES has reduced the in-stent restenosis...BACKGROUND:The application of coronary stents,especially drug-eluting stents(DESs),has made percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) one of important therapeutic methods for CHD. DES has reduced the in-stent restenosis to 5%–9% and signifi cantly improved the long-term prognosis of patients with CHD. The study aimed to investigate the long-term eff icacy and safety of domestic drugeluting stents(DESs) in patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS).METHODS:All patients with ACS who had undergone successful percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) in the First Aff iliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from July 2009 to December 2010 were included in this study. Patients were excluded from the study if they were implanted with bare metal stents or different stents(domestic and imported DESs) simultaneously. The included patients were divided into two groups according to different stents implanted:domestic DESs and imported DESs.RESULTS:In the 1 683 patients of this study,1 558(92.6%) patients were followed up successfully for an average of(29.1±5.9) months. 130(8.3%) patients had major adverse cardiovascular events(MACEs),including cardiac death in 32(2.1%) patients,recurrent myocardial infarction in 16(1%),and revascularization in 94(6%). The rates of cardiac death,recurrent myocardial infarction,revascularization,in-stent restenosis,stent thrombosis and other MACEs were not signif icantly different between the two groups(all P>0.05). Multivarite logistic regression revealed that diabetes mellitus(OR=1.75,95%CI:1.09–2.82,P=0.021),vascular numbers of PCI(OR=2.16,95%CI:1.22–3.83,P=0.09) and PCI with left main lesion(OR=9.47,95%CI:2.96–30.26,P=0.01) were independent prognostic factors of MACEs. The Kaplan-Meier method revealed that there was no significant difference in cumulative survival rates and survival rates free from clinical events between the two groups(all P>0.05).CONCLUSIONS:The incidences of clinical events and cumulative survival rates are not statistically different between domestic DESs and imported DESs. Domestic DES is effective and safe in the treatment of patients with ACS.展开更多
基金supported by Dean of Scientific Research at Jordan University of Science and Technology(JUST)(No.159/ 2012)
文摘Chromatographic behavior of co-eluted compounds from un-extracted drug-free plasma samples was studied by LC-MS and LC-MS/MS with positive APCI.Under soft gradient,total ion chromatogram(TIC) consisted of two major peaks separated by a constant lower intensity region.Early peak(0.15-0.4 min) belongs to polar plasma compounds and consisted of smaller mass ions(m/z< 250);late peak(3.6-4.6 min) belongs to thermally unstable phospholipids and consisted of fragments with mlz<300.Late peak is more sensitive to variations in chromatographic and MS parameters.Screening of most targeted cardiovascular drugs at levels lower than 50 ng/mL has been possible by LC-MS for drugs with retention factors larger than three.Matrix effects and recovery,at 20 and 200 ng/mL,were evaluated for spiked plasma samples with 15 cardiovascular drugs,by MRM-LC-MS/MS.Average recoveries were above 90%and matrix effects expressed as percent matrix factor(%MF) were above 100%,indicating enhancement character for APCI.Large uncertainties were significant for drugs with smaller masses(m/z< 250) and retention factors lower than two.
基金the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81970447)China Women’s Development Foundation(No.2019300).
文摘Objective:Cardiovascular diseases are associated with an increased risk of depression,but it remains unclear whether treatment with cardiovascular agents decreases or increases this risk.The effects of drugs on individual usage are also often unknown.This review aimed to examine the correlation between depression and common cardiovascular drugs,develop more potent interventions for depression in cardiovascular patients,and further research on the bio-behavioural mechanisms linking cardiovascular drugs to depression.Data sources:The data in this review were obtained from articles included in PubMed,EMBASE,and Web of Science.Study selection:Clinical trials,observational studies,review literature,and guidelines about depression and cardiovascular drugs were selected for the article.Results:We systematically investigated whether the seven most used cardiovascular drugs were associated with altered risk of incident depression in this literature review.Statins have been proven to have antidepressant effects.Some studies believe angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors(ACEIs)/angiotensin receptor blocker(ARB)can exert an antidepressant influence by acting on the renin-angiotensin system,but further clinical trials are needed to confirm this.Beta-blockers have previously been associated with depression,but the current study found no significant association between beta blockers and the risk of depression.Aspirin may have antidepressant effects by suppressing the immune response,but its role as an antidepressant remains controversial.calcium channel blockers(CCBs)can regulate nerve signal transduction by adjusting calcium channels,but whether this effect is beneficial or harmful to depression remains unclear.Finally,some cases have reported that nitrates and diuretics are associated with depression,but the current clinical evidence is insufficient.Conclusions:Statins have been proven to have antidepressant effect,and the antidepressant effects of ACEIs/ARB and aspirin are still controversial.CCBs are associated with depression,but it is unclear whether it is beneficial or harmful.No association has been found with b-blockers,diuretics,and nitrates.
基金supported by NationalNatural Science Foundation of China(81330007NoU1601227)+2 种基金 Science and Technology Programsof Guangdong Province(2014A0505030472015B020225006) Guangzhou Science andTechnology Program(201604010087)
文摘Exosomes serve as vesicles to deliver protein,lipids,nucleic acids or other cellular components,to neighboring or distant cells.Recent studies have highlighted the potential therapeutic effects of stem cell-derived exosomes on cancer and cardiovascular diseases.Our previous studie.shave investigated the role of stem cell-derived exosomes in cardiac protection.Mesenchymalstem cells released miR-22-enriched exosomes after ischemic preconditioning and these exosomes showed protective effects oncardiomyocytes.MiR-21-conaining exosomes were secreted by H_2O_2-treated cardiac progenitor cells and protected cardiomyocytes from H_2O_2-induced apoptosis.Heat-shock lead to the production ofheat shock factor 1-enriched exosomes from cardiac stem cells,which reducedapoptosis of cardiomyocytes.Given these important effects of exosomes in intercellular communications,exosomes have been proposed as a vector for drug delivery or other therapeutic purposes.However,cells secretea limited number of exosomes,which has hampered the development of exosomes for research and clinical application.Synthetic exosome-mimics by cellextrusion or cell membrane-cloaked nanoparticles,which canbe fabricated on a large-scale,provide novel platforms fordrug delivery.Two Korean groups fabricated exosome-mimetic nanovesicles by extruding monocytes or macrophages through a serial of filters and utilized these exosome-mimetics for the delivery of anti-tumor drug.Recently,cell membrane-cloaked nanoparticles have emergedas a potential tool for drug delivery with the advantages ofimmunocompatibility,stability and targeting capabilityfor the treatment of cancer.In summary,exosomes or exosome-mimics may serve as potential therapeutic tools for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
文摘The paper examines the effects of grapefruit consumption in relation to drugs, obesity and cardiovascular risk factors. The review includes the most updated studies found in Pub-Med. The grapefruit effect refers to the ability of grapefruit juice and supplements to interact with a wide variety of pharmaceuticals, either enhancing or limiting their systemic availability. Due to altering the active dosage of the pharmaceutical, Grapefruit juice is commonly not allowed to be used alongside with many drugs. Naringin is the most important one, which can inhibit absorption of some drugs but more commonly 6’7’-dihydroxybergamottin, which inhibits CYP3A4. Lately, grapefruit has been found both in rats and adults to reduce body weight, blood pressure, improve lipid and hepatic profile and decrease platelet aggregation. These promising results must be followed by additional studies in order to add to the importance of the role and effects of grapefruit as part of our diet.
基金supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China(81370364)Innovative Hnvestigators Project Grant from the Health Bureau of Henan Province+3 种基金Program Grant for Science&Technology Innovation Talents in Universities of Henan Province(2012HASTIT001)Henan Provincial Science and Technology Achievement Transformation Project(122102310581)Henan Province of Medical Scientific Province & Ministry Research Project(201301005)Henan Province of Medical Scientific Research Project(201203027),China
文摘BACKGROUND:The application of coronary stents,especially drug-eluting stents(DESs),has made percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) one of important therapeutic methods for CHD. DES has reduced the in-stent restenosis to 5%–9% and signifi cantly improved the long-term prognosis of patients with CHD. The study aimed to investigate the long-term eff icacy and safety of domestic drugeluting stents(DESs) in patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS).METHODS:All patients with ACS who had undergone successful percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) in the First Aff iliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from July 2009 to December 2010 were included in this study. Patients were excluded from the study if they were implanted with bare metal stents or different stents(domestic and imported DESs) simultaneously. The included patients were divided into two groups according to different stents implanted:domestic DESs and imported DESs.RESULTS:In the 1 683 patients of this study,1 558(92.6%) patients were followed up successfully for an average of(29.1±5.9) months. 130(8.3%) patients had major adverse cardiovascular events(MACEs),including cardiac death in 32(2.1%) patients,recurrent myocardial infarction in 16(1%),and revascularization in 94(6%). The rates of cardiac death,recurrent myocardial infarction,revascularization,in-stent restenosis,stent thrombosis and other MACEs were not signif icantly different between the two groups(all P>0.05). Multivarite logistic regression revealed that diabetes mellitus(OR=1.75,95%CI:1.09–2.82,P=0.021),vascular numbers of PCI(OR=2.16,95%CI:1.22–3.83,P=0.09) and PCI with left main lesion(OR=9.47,95%CI:2.96–30.26,P=0.01) were independent prognostic factors of MACEs. The Kaplan-Meier method revealed that there was no significant difference in cumulative survival rates and survival rates free from clinical events between the two groups(all P>0.05).CONCLUSIONS:The incidences of clinical events and cumulative survival rates are not statistically different between domestic DESs and imported DESs. Domestic DES is effective and safe in the treatment of patients with ACS.
