Context and Objective: Hamstring strain is a common injury in football and it causes a significant amount of time lost from competition and training. Since poor flexibility is thought to predispose to muscle strain, s...Context and Objective: Hamstring strain is a common injury in football and it causes a significant amount of time lost from competition and training. Since poor flexibility is thought to predispose to muscle strain, stretching is routinely recommended during warm-up routines by coaches to prevent injuries. However, available evidence suggests that pre-exercise stretching (PES), especially static stretching, has no benefit on injury rates and may even reduce performance in explosive type activities. We designed this study to assess the attitudes, beliefs and practices of football coaches regarding stretching in the prevention of hamstring strains. Design: A cross-sectional survey. Setting: Mauritius Football Association (MFA). Participants: 26 football coaches registered with the MFA. Intervention: Questionnaires were distributed to football coaches of the MFA via sports officers. Questionnaires were then collected two weeks after distribution. Main Outcome Measures: Attitudes, beliefs and practices of football coaches regarding stretching in the prevention of ham-string strains. Results: MFA coaches held generally positive attitudes and beliefs towards stretching. 88% of coaches felt that PES is beneficial and 93% believed that PES prevents hamstring strains. The majority of coaches recommended stretching after warming up (81%) and after the training session (93%). 76% of coaches also advised stretching outside the training sessions. 96% of coaches used static stretching to stretch the hamstrings. The hamstrings were stretched on average for 4 times at each training session and the mean duration of a static stretch was 12 seconds. Conclusions: Nearly all coaches believed that PES prevents hamstring strains although evidence is limited. Some of the coaches’ beliefs and practices were not in line with current recommendations. Coaches reported that their stretching practices would be most likely influenced by scientific research. Thus there is an urgent need to devise awareness and training programmes in this area.展开更多
Gymnasts are exposed to intense training,frequent competitions,controlled diets and high levels of psychological distress in youth age.These aspects can negatively affect athletic performance and have health consequen...Gymnasts are exposed to intense training,frequent competitions,controlled diets and high levels of psychological distress in youth age.These aspects can negatively affect athletic performance and have health consequences.Accordingly,if the coaches do not possess adequate knowledge and specific multi-disciplinary skills related to sports practice and health pedagogy,young athletes can be exposed to different health risks.The aim of this study is to investigate the knowledge and attitudes of coaches and identify any education needs to enhance or preserve the gymnasts’well-being.The sample is represented by 98 Italian rhythmic gymnastics coaches of different levels.The data were obtained by using structured and anonymous questionnaires with open and closed answers administered through interview.The aspects examined are related to nutrition,food supplements,overtraining syndrome,educational topics,gymnasts’hassles and trainings needs of coaches.Critical aspects that emerge from this study show the need for specific scientific training and support for coaches.This objective can be achieved by providing constant technical and scientific support,in order to make the coaches fully aware of their educational,pedagogical and long-term health responsibilities of their athletes.展开更多
The aim of this study was to analyse the rate and content of 10,430 messages,sent by 21 handball coaches in 21 matches,in relation to score and match phase.Three situations were defined as regards score:large victory,...The aim of this study was to analyse the rate and content of 10,430 messages,sent by 21 handball coaches in 21 matches,in relation to score and match phase.Three situations were defined as regards score:large victory,tight game,and large defeat;and four phases for match phase:part 1 and 2 of first half,and part 1 and 2 of second half.Message rates were calculated by dividing the number of messages sent at each level of score and match phase by the elapsed time.To calculate the content,messages were coded using Coach Analysis and Intervention System and percentages were calculated according to score and match phase.Chi-square analysis showed statistically significant differences for rate of messages by score(χ^(2)=211.06,df=2,sig<0.001),and match phase(χ^(2)=23.704,df=3;sig<0.001);and for percentage of content by score(χ^(2)=444.011,df=42,sig<0.001)and match phase(χ^(2)=201.706,df=63,sig<0.001).Results can help to establish guidelines to increase the quality of coaches’speech.展开更多
BACKGROUND Public employees worldwide are increasingly concerned about work anxiety and depression.Cognitive-behavioral career coaching has emerged as a promising strategy for addressing these mental health disorders,...BACKGROUND Public employees worldwide are increasingly concerned about work anxiety and depression.Cognitive-behavioral career coaching has emerged as a promising strategy for addressing these mental health disorders,which can negatively impact on a person's overall well-being and performance.AIM To examine whether cognitive-behavioral career coaching reduces work anxiety and depression among Nigerian public employees.METHODS A total of 120 public employees(n=60)suffering from severe anxiety and depression were randomly assigned to the treatment or control groups in this study.Cognitive behavioral coaching was provided twice a week to those in the treatment group,whereas no treatment was given to those in the control group.As part of the study,the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scales and Beck Depression Inventory were used to collect data.RESULTS Analysis of covariance of the data from participants indicates a significant effect of cognitive-behavioral career coaching on work anxiety and depression.CONCLUSION Insights into the underlying mechanisms by which cognitive behavior career coaching exerts its effects have been gained from this study.Also,the study has gathered valuable data that can inform future practice and guide the development of strategies for supporting mental health at work.展开更多
China’s latest exportan overseas coaching legion,received lots of attention as well as understanding in Beijing 0n the evening of August 23, one day before the closing of the Beijing Olympics, the Chinese diving team...China’s latest exportan overseas coaching legion,received lots of attention as well as understanding in Beijing 0n the evening of August 23, one day before the closing of the Beijing Olympics, the Chinese diving team was only one gold short of its dream. The last diving event was the men’s 10 meters platform. The Chinese audience was confident that their divers would secure this gold.展开更多
Purpose It is well recognised that injury prevention training can reduce injury incidence,however current coach education pathways do not provide grass-root coaches with the knowledge and confidence to deliver such tr...Purpose It is well recognised that injury prevention training can reduce injury incidence,however current coach education pathways do not provide grass-root coaches with the knowledge and confidence to deliver such training to youth players.The aim of this study was to explore differences in knowledge,understanding,attitude and confidence to deliver such injury prevention training in three European countries.Methods A total of 269 grass-root soccer coaches from 3 European countries(Czech Republic,UK,Spain)were recruited for this study.A validated questionnaire exploring knowledge,understanding,attitude towards and confidence to deliver youth injury prevention training was completed prior to a 2 h workshop on injury prevention training.Differences between countries was examined using Bayesian factors to quantify the evidence for and against the hypothesis of independence(H0)by assuming a Poisson sampling scheme(as there was no a priori restriction on any cell count,nor on the grand total)(BF10 Poisson).Results Current knowledge,attitude and confidence to deliver injury prevention training to youth players was poor across all three European countries.Relatively few coaches were currently using injury prevention training in their coaching sessions(23%).There were some country specific differences for attitude towards injury prevention training and confidence to deliver injury training,with Spanish coaches reporting a more positive attitude and confidence to deliver such training.Significantly fewer coaches in the UK were using injury prevention training compared to coaches in Spain and the Czech Republic.Conclusion As coaches identified a need for coach education and few were delivering injury prevention training,there is a clear need to embed and implement this programme into the grassroots coaching framework of sports governing bodies to improve adoption,implementation and maintenance.展开更多
In view of the problem of lacking peer coaching among college teachers,taking teachers in local universities in Hangzhou as the research subject,the paper analyzes the relationship between peer coaching and teachers’...In view of the problem of lacking peer coaching among college teachers,taking teachers in local universities in Hangzhou as the research subject,the paper analyzes the relationship between peer coaching and teachers’professional development.The paper then proposes to establish teaching practice communities in higher education,which is of great significance to improve the teaching quality and promote the professional development of university teachers.Strategies for constructing teaching practice communities are also discussed.展开更多
Background:Family is an essential element in caring for clients with hypertension.Appropriate hypertension management can reduce health risks during the treatment.Health coaching in family is a critical intervention t...Background:Family is an essential element in caring for clients with hypertension.Appropriate hypertension management can reduce health risks during the treatment.Health coaching in family is a critical intervention to control and manage hypertension through providing education,information,and skills intervention are needed to support lifestyle improvements,manage chronic conditions,and prevent complications of hypertension.This literature study describes health coaching for controlling blood pressure among clients with hypertension in the family.Methods:Narrative literature review was performed to select the article that relates to health coaching of hypertension in the family using search engines including PubMed,ProQuest,SpringerLink,ScienceDirect,and Google Scholar by using keywords health coaching,family,hypertension,and blood pressure.The analysis of articles was carried out using four stages based on the PRISMA flowchart diagram.Results:The results indicated eight articles that were analyzed in this study.Interactive health coaching interventions based on a healthy lifestyle carried out with patients and families effectively improve medication adherence and reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure.Meanwhile,health coaching applied regarding the principles including motivation,discussion,interviews and goal setting to influence behavior change and self-management.Conclusions:That health coaching applied for families with clients with hypertension is effect on reducing blood pressure and other changes,including knowledge,self-efficacy,and behavior towards health services for patients with hypertension.Therefore,health coaching for the family could be used as a family intervention for clients with hypertension during home health care.展开更多
For the coach industry, rapid modeling and efficient optimization methods are desirable for structure modeling and optimization based on simplified structures, especially for use early in the concept phase and with ca...For the coach industry, rapid modeling and efficient optimization methods are desirable for structure modeling and optimization based on simplified structures, especially for use early in the concept phase and with capabilities of accurately expressing the mechanical properties of structure and with flexible section forms. However, the present dimension-based methods cannot easily meet these requirements. To achieve these goals, the property-based modeling(PBM) beam modeling method is studied based on the PBM theory and in conjunction with the characteristics of coach structure of taking beam as the main component. For a beam component of concrete length, its mechanical characteristics are primarily affected by the section properties. Four section parameters are adopted to describe the mechanical properties of a beam, including the section area, the principal moments of inertia about the two principal axles, and the torsion constant of the section. Based on the equivalent stiffness strategy, expressions for the above section parameters are derived, and the PBM beam element is implemented in HyperM esh software. A case is realized using this method, in which the structure of a passenger coach is simplified. The model precision is validated by comparing the basic performance of the total structure with that of the original structure, including the bending and torsion stiffness and the first-order bending and torsional modal frequencies. Sensitivity analysis is conducted to choose design variables. The optimal Latin hypercube experiment design is adopted to sample the test points, and polynomial response surfaces are used to fit these points. To improve the bending and torsion stiffness and the first-order torsional frequency and taking the allowable maximum stresses of the braking and left turning conditions as constraints, the multi-objective optimization of the structure is conducted using the NSGA-II genetic algorithm on the ISIGHT platform. The result of the Pareto solution set is acquired, and the selection strategy of the final solution is discussed. The case study demonstrates that the mechanical performances of the structure can be well-modeled and simulated by PBM beam. Because of the merits of fewer parameters and convenience of use, this method is suitable to be applied in the concept stage. Another merit is that the optimization results are the requirements for the mechanical performance of the beam section instead of those of the shape and dimensions, bringing flexibility to the succeeding design.展开更多
文摘Context and Objective: Hamstring strain is a common injury in football and it causes a significant amount of time lost from competition and training. Since poor flexibility is thought to predispose to muscle strain, stretching is routinely recommended during warm-up routines by coaches to prevent injuries. However, available evidence suggests that pre-exercise stretching (PES), especially static stretching, has no benefit on injury rates and may even reduce performance in explosive type activities. We designed this study to assess the attitudes, beliefs and practices of football coaches regarding stretching in the prevention of hamstring strains. Design: A cross-sectional survey. Setting: Mauritius Football Association (MFA). Participants: 26 football coaches registered with the MFA. Intervention: Questionnaires were distributed to football coaches of the MFA via sports officers. Questionnaires were then collected two weeks after distribution. Main Outcome Measures: Attitudes, beliefs and practices of football coaches regarding stretching in the prevention of ham-string strains. Results: MFA coaches held generally positive attitudes and beliefs towards stretching. 88% of coaches felt that PES is beneficial and 93% believed that PES prevents hamstring strains. The majority of coaches recommended stretching after warming up (81%) and after the training session (93%). 76% of coaches also advised stretching outside the training sessions. 96% of coaches used static stretching to stretch the hamstrings. The hamstrings were stretched on average for 4 times at each training session and the mean duration of a static stretch was 12 seconds. Conclusions: Nearly all coaches believed that PES prevents hamstring strains although evidence is limited. Some of the coaches’ beliefs and practices were not in line with current recommendations. Coaches reported that their stretching practices would be most likely influenced by scientific research. Thus there is an urgent need to devise awareness and training programmes in this area.
文摘Gymnasts are exposed to intense training,frequent competitions,controlled diets and high levels of psychological distress in youth age.These aspects can negatively affect athletic performance and have health consequences.Accordingly,if the coaches do not possess adequate knowledge and specific multi-disciplinary skills related to sports practice and health pedagogy,young athletes can be exposed to different health risks.The aim of this study is to investigate the knowledge and attitudes of coaches and identify any education needs to enhance or preserve the gymnasts’well-being.The sample is represented by 98 Italian rhythmic gymnastics coaches of different levels.The data were obtained by using structured and anonymous questionnaires with open and closed answers administered through interview.The aspects examined are related to nutrition,food supplements,overtraining syndrome,educational topics,gymnasts’hassles and trainings needs of coaches.Critical aspects that emerge from this study show the need for specific scientific training and support for coaches.This objective can be achieved by providing constant technical and scientific support,in order to make the coaches fully aware of their educational,pedagogical and long-term health responsibilities of their athletes.
基金This investigation was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of Spain(DEP2009-10253)FPU Program of the Ministry of Education,Culture and Sports(FPU12/05606).
文摘The aim of this study was to analyse the rate and content of 10,430 messages,sent by 21 handball coaches in 21 matches,in relation to score and match phase.Three situations were defined as regards score:large victory,tight game,and large defeat;and four phases for match phase:part 1 and 2 of first half,and part 1 and 2 of second half.Message rates were calculated by dividing the number of messages sent at each level of score and match phase by the elapsed time.To calculate the content,messages were coded using Coach Analysis and Intervention System and percentages were calculated according to score and match phase.Chi-square analysis showed statistically significant differences for rate of messages by score(χ^(2)=211.06,df=2,sig<0.001),and match phase(χ^(2)=23.704,df=3;sig<0.001);and for percentage of content by score(χ^(2)=444.011,df=42,sig<0.001)and match phase(χ^(2)=201.706,df=63,sig<0.001).Results can help to establish guidelines to increase the quality of coaches’speech.
文摘BACKGROUND Public employees worldwide are increasingly concerned about work anxiety and depression.Cognitive-behavioral career coaching has emerged as a promising strategy for addressing these mental health disorders,which can negatively impact on a person's overall well-being and performance.AIM To examine whether cognitive-behavioral career coaching reduces work anxiety and depression among Nigerian public employees.METHODS A total of 120 public employees(n=60)suffering from severe anxiety and depression were randomly assigned to the treatment or control groups in this study.Cognitive behavioral coaching was provided twice a week to those in the treatment group,whereas no treatment was given to those in the control group.As part of the study,the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scales and Beck Depression Inventory were used to collect data.RESULTS Analysis of covariance of the data from participants indicates a significant effect of cognitive-behavioral career coaching on work anxiety and depression.CONCLUSION Insights into the underlying mechanisms by which cognitive behavior career coaching exerts its effects have been gained from this study.Also,the study has gathered valuable data that can inform future practice and guide the development of strategies for supporting mental health at work.
文摘China’s latest exportan overseas coaching legion,received lots of attention as well as understanding in Beijing 0n the evening of August 23, one day before the closing of the Beijing Olympics, the Chinese diving team was only one gold short of its dream. The last diving event was the men’s 10 meters platform. The Chinese audience was confident that their divers would secure this gold.
文摘Purpose It is well recognised that injury prevention training can reduce injury incidence,however current coach education pathways do not provide grass-root coaches with the knowledge and confidence to deliver such training to youth players.The aim of this study was to explore differences in knowledge,understanding,attitude and confidence to deliver such injury prevention training in three European countries.Methods A total of 269 grass-root soccer coaches from 3 European countries(Czech Republic,UK,Spain)were recruited for this study.A validated questionnaire exploring knowledge,understanding,attitude towards and confidence to deliver youth injury prevention training was completed prior to a 2 h workshop on injury prevention training.Differences between countries was examined using Bayesian factors to quantify the evidence for and against the hypothesis of independence(H0)by assuming a Poisson sampling scheme(as there was no a priori restriction on any cell count,nor on the grand total)(BF10 Poisson).Results Current knowledge,attitude and confidence to deliver injury prevention training to youth players was poor across all three European countries.Relatively few coaches were currently using injury prevention training in their coaching sessions(23%).There were some country specific differences for attitude towards injury prevention training and confidence to deliver injury training,with Spanish coaches reporting a more positive attitude and confidence to deliver such training.Significantly fewer coaches in the UK were using injury prevention training compared to coaches in Spain and the Czech Republic.Conclusion As coaches identified a need for coach education and few were delivering injury prevention training,there is a clear need to embed and implement this programme into the grassroots coaching framework of sports governing bodies to improve adoption,implementation and maintenance.
基金This paper is part of the research results of the 2022 Curriculum Ideological and Political Teaching Research Project of Hangzhou College of Commerce(Project No.:2122252).
文摘In view of the problem of lacking peer coaching among college teachers,taking teachers in local universities in Hangzhou as the research subject,the paper analyzes the relationship between peer coaching and teachers’professional development.The paper then proposes to establish teaching practice communities in higher education,which is of great significance to improve the teaching quality and promote the professional development of university teachers.Strategies for constructing teaching practice communities are also discussed.
文摘Background:Family is an essential element in caring for clients with hypertension.Appropriate hypertension management can reduce health risks during the treatment.Health coaching in family is a critical intervention to control and manage hypertension through providing education,information,and skills intervention are needed to support lifestyle improvements,manage chronic conditions,and prevent complications of hypertension.This literature study describes health coaching for controlling blood pressure among clients with hypertension in the family.Methods:Narrative literature review was performed to select the article that relates to health coaching of hypertension in the family using search engines including PubMed,ProQuest,SpringerLink,ScienceDirect,and Google Scholar by using keywords health coaching,family,hypertension,and blood pressure.The analysis of articles was carried out using four stages based on the PRISMA flowchart diagram.Results:The results indicated eight articles that were analyzed in this study.Interactive health coaching interventions based on a healthy lifestyle carried out with patients and families effectively improve medication adherence and reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure.Meanwhile,health coaching applied regarding the principles including motivation,discussion,interviews and goal setting to influence behavior change and self-management.Conclusions:That health coaching applied for families with clients with hypertension is effect on reducing blood pressure and other changes,including knowledge,self-efficacy,and behavior towards health services for patients with hypertension.Therefore,health coaching for the family could be used as a family intervention for clients with hypertension during home health care.
文摘For the coach industry, rapid modeling and efficient optimization methods are desirable for structure modeling and optimization based on simplified structures, especially for use early in the concept phase and with capabilities of accurately expressing the mechanical properties of structure and with flexible section forms. However, the present dimension-based methods cannot easily meet these requirements. To achieve these goals, the property-based modeling(PBM) beam modeling method is studied based on the PBM theory and in conjunction with the characteristics of coach structure of taking beam as the main component. For a beam component of concrete length, its mechanical characteristics are primarily affected by the section properties. Four section parameters are adopted to describe the mechanical properties of a beam, including the section area, the principal moments of inertia about the two principal axles, and the torsion constant of the section. Based on the equivalent stiffness strategy, expressions for the above section parameters are derived, and the PBM beam element is implemented in HyperM esh software. A case is realized using this method, in which the structure of a passenger coach is simplified. The model precision is validated by comparing the basic performance of the total structure with that of the original structure, including the bending and torsion stiffness and the first-order bending and torsional modal frequencies. Sensitivity analysis is conducted to choose design variables. The optimal Latin hypercube experiment design is adopted to sample the test points, and polynomial response surfaces are used to fit these points. To improve the bending and torsion stiffness and the first-order torsional frequency and taking the allowable maximum stresses of the braking and left turning conditions as constraints, the multi-objective optimization of the structure is conducted using the NSGA-II genetic algorithm on the ISIGHT platform. The result of the Pareto solution set is acquired, and the selection strategy of the final solution is discussed. The case study demonstrates that the mechanical performances of the structure can be well-modeled and simulated by PBM beam. Because of the merits of fewer parameters and convenience of use, this method is suitable to be applied in the concept stage. Another merit is that the optimization results are the requirements for the mechanical performance of the beam section instead of those of the shape and dimensions, bringing flexibility to the succeeding design.
