Automatic roadway formation by roof cutting is a sustainable nonpillar mining method that has the potential to increase coal recovery,reduce roadway excavation and improve mining safety.In this method,roof cutting is ...Automatic roadway formation by roof cutting is a sustainable nonpillar mining method that has the potential to increase coal recovery,reduce roadway excavation and improve mining safety.In this method,roof cutting is the key process for stress relief,which significantly affects the stability of the formed roadway.This paper presents a directionally single cracking(DSC)technique for roof cutting with considerations of rock properties.The mechanism of the DSC technique was investi-gated by explicit finite element analyses.The DSC technique and roof cutting parameters were evaluated by discrete element simulation and field experiment.On this basis,the optimized DSC technique was tested in the field.The results indicate that the DSC technique could effectively control the blast-induced stress distribution and crack propagation in the roof rock,thus,achieve directionally single cracking on the roadway roof.The DsC technique for roof cutting with optimized parameters could effectively reduce the deformation and improve the stability of the formed roadway.Field engineering application verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the evaluated DSC technique for roof cutting.展开更多
The hidden water-bearing structures near the roadway tunnelling face are very likely to cause water seepage accidents in coal mines.Currently,transient electromagnetic(EM)technology has be-come an important method to ...The hidden water-bearing structures near the roadway tunnelling face are very likely to cause water seepage accidents in coal mines.Currently,transient electromagnetic(EM)technology has be-come an important method to detect water damage in advance of roadway excavation.In this paper,the time-domain finite element algorithm based on unstructured tetrahedron grids is used to accurate-ly simulate the geological body in front of the roadway excavation face and analyze its response.The authors detect the distance between the roadway excavation face and the low-resistivity water-bearing body,the resistivity difference between the low-resistivity body and surrounding rock,and the influence of the size of the low-resistivity body on the transient EM response.Furthermore,the common types of low-resistivity bodies in the roadway drivage process are used for modeling to analyze the attenuation of the detected EM response when there are low-resistivity bodies in front of the roadway.The research in this paper can help effectively detecting the water-bearing low-resistivity body in front of the roadway drivage and lay a foundation for reducing the risk of water seepage accidents.展开更多
In this paper,a physical model of coal roadway which is clamped by upper and lower softrock with extra thickness was built according to the characteristics of soft rock strata in china's western mining area.Then,a...In this paper,a physical model of coal roadway which is clamped by upper and lower softrock with extra thickness was built according to the characteristics of soft rock strata in china's western mining area.Then,a series of orthogonal numerical experiments were carried out by selecting the strength and stiffness parameters of soft rock and coal seam as well as the in situ stress of soft rock strata as experimental factors and roadway displacements(convergence displacements of sides,displacement of roof to floor)as experimental indexes.By constructing the F statistics with different inspection levels,evaluation method for influence of the experimental factors on stability indexes were defined.Thus,influence degrees of specified parameters on the stability of roadway were divided into five classes as follows:highly significant influence,significant influence,relatively significant influence,little significant influence,and no influence respectively which realize the quantitative analysis of the influence degrees of experimental factors.The finite element calculation results showed that main failure mode of coal roadway that usually showed as tension failure of coal seam in roof and deformation factors of coal seam had the most remarkable effect on roadway displacements.The conclusions provide theoretical basis for further analysis of the mechanism of"roof burst"in roadway maintenance.展开更多
This paper proposes a digital image processing-based detection algorithm for cross joint traces of coal roadway heading face.Initially,the acquired images were preprocessed,i.e.,adaptive correction was conducted for n...This paper proposes a digital image processing-based detection algorithm for cross joint traces of coal roadway heading face.Initially,the acquired images were preprocessed,i.e.,adaptive correction was conducted for non-uniform illumination images based on the 2D gamma function.The edge detection algorithm was then applied to extract the edges of the structural plane,followed by the filtration of the non-structural plane noises.Moreover,the Hough transform algorithm was applied to extract the linear edges;finally,the edges were locally connected in accordance with the angle and distance criteria.The experimental results show that this algorithm can be used to reduce the noise caused by non-uniform illumination and avoid the mutual interference of multi-scale edges,so as to effectively extract the traces of the cross joint.Furthermore,Q-system and rock mass rating(RMR),were applied to conduct a quantitative evaluation on the stand-up time of unsupported roof in the four test images.The Q-system quality scores are 26.7,43.3,3.1,and 6.7,and the RMR quality scores are 56.84,58.73,48.42,and 51.42,respectively.The stand-up time of unsupported roofs with a span of 4.6 m are 30,36,7.7 and 14 d,respectively.展开更多
For coal mines,rock,coal,and rock bolt are the critical constituent materials for surrounding rock in the underground engineering.The stability of the“rock-coal-bolt”(RCB)composite system is affected by the structur...For coal mines,rock,coal,and rock bolt are the critical constituent materials for surrounding rock in the underground engineering.The stability of the“rock-coal-bolt”(RCB)composite system is affected by the structure and fracture of the coal-rock mass.More rock bolts installed on the rock,more complex condition of the engineering stress environment will be(tensile-shear composite stress is principal).In this paper,experimental analysis and theoretical verification were performed on the RCB composite system with different angles.The results revealed that the failure of the rock-coal(RC)composite specimen was caused by tensile and shear cracks.After anchoring,the reinforcement body formed inside the composite system limits the area where the crack could occur in the specimen.Specifically,shearing damage occurred only around the bolt,and the stress-strain curve presented a better post-peak mechanical property.The mechanical mechanism of the bolt under the combined action of tension and shear stress was analyzed.Additionally,a rock-coal-bolt tensile-shear mechanical(RCBTSM)model was established.The relationship(similar to the exponential function)between the bolt tensile-shear stress and the angle was obtained.Moreover,the influences of the dilatancy angle and bolt diameter of the RCB composite system were also considered and analyzed.Most of the bolts are subjected to the tensile-shearing action in the post-peak stage.The implications of these results for engineering practice indicated that the bolts of the RCB composite system should be prevented from entering the limit shearing state early.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52204164)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2022XJSB03)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(2021QNRC001),which are gratefully acknowledged.
文摘Automatic roadway formation by roof cutting is a sustainable nonpillar mining method that has the potential to increase coal recovery,reduce roadway excavation and improve mining safety.In this method,roof cutting is the key process for stress relief,which significantly affects the stability of the formed roadway.This paper presents a directionally single cracking(DSC)technique for roof cutting with considerations of rock properties.The mechanism of the DSC technique was investi-gated by explicit finite element analyses.The DSC technique and roof cutting parameters were evaluated by discrete element simulation and field experiment.On this basis,the optimized DSC technique was tested in the field.The results indicate that the DSC technique could effectively control the blast-induced stress distribution and crack propagation in the roof rock,thus,achieve directionally single cracking on the roadway roof.The DsC technique for roof cutting with optimized parameters could effectively reduce the deformation and improve the stability of the formed roadway.Field engineering application verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the evaluated DSC technique for roof cutting.
文摘The hidden water-bearing structures near the roadway tunnelling face are very likely to cause water seepage accidents in coal mines.Currently,transient electromagnetic(EM)technology has be-come an important method to detect water damage in advance of roadway excavation.In this paper,the time-domain finite element algorithm based on unstructured tetrahedron grids is used to accurate-ly simulate the geological body in front of the roadway excavation face and analyze its response.The authors detect the distance between the roadway excavation face and the low-resistivity water-bearing body,the resistivity difference between the low-resistivity body and surrounding rock,and the influence of the size of the low-resistivity body on the transient EM response.Furthermore,the common types of low-resistivity bodies in the roadway drivage process are used for modeling to analyze the attenuation of the detected EM response when there are low-resistivity bodies in front of the roadway.The research in this paper can help effectively detecting the water-bearing low-resistivity body in front of the roadway drivage and lay a foundation for reducing the risk of water seepage accidents.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51174128)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(Grant No.20123718110007).
文摘In this paper,a physical model of coal roadway which is clamped by upper and lower softrock with extra thickness was built according to the characteristics of soft rock strata in china's western mining area.Then,a series of orthogonal numerical experiments were carried out by selecting the strength and stiffness parameters of soft rock and coal seam as well as the in situ stress of soft rock strata as experimental factors and roadway displacements(convergence displacements of sides,displacement of roof to floor)as experimental indexes.By constructing the F statistics with different inspection levels,evaluation method for influence of the experimental factors on stability indexes were defined.Thus,influence degrees of specified parameters on the stability of roadway were divided into five classes as follows:highly significant influence,significant influence,relatively significant influence,little significant influence,and no influence respectively which realize the quantitative analysis of the influence degrees of experimental factors.The finite element calculation results showed that main failure mode of coal roadway that usually showed as tension failure of coal seam in roof and deformation factors of coal seam had the most remarkable effect on roadway displacements.The conclusions provide theoretical basis for further analysis of the mechanism of"roof burst"in roadway maintenance.
基金supported by the National Natural Scieince Foundation of China(Nos.52004204 and 52034007).
文摘This paper proposes a digital image processing-based detection algorithm for cross joint traces of coal roadway heading face.Initially,the acquired images were preprocessed,i.e.,adaptive correction was conducted for non-uniform illumination images based on the 2D gamma function.The edge detection algorithm was then applied to extract the edges of the structural plane,followed by the filtration of the non-structural plane noises.Moreover,the Hough transform algorithm was applied to extract the linear edges;finally,the edges were locally connected in accordance with the angle and distance criteria.The experimental results show that this algorithm can be used to reduce the noise caused by non-uniform illumination and avoid the mutual interference of multi-scale edges,so as to effectively extract the traces of the cross joint.Furthermore,Q-system and rock mass rating(RMR),were applied to conduct a quantitative evaluation on the stand-up time of unsupported roof in the four test images.The Q-system quality scores are 26.7,43.3,3.1,and 6.7,and the RMR quality scores are 56.84,58.73,48.42,and 51.42,respectively.The stand-up time of unsupported roofs with a span of 4.6 m are 30,36,7.7 and 14 d,respectively.
基金Beijing Outstanding Young Scientist Program(BJJWZYJH01201911413037)the projects supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants Nos.41877257,51622404,and 51974117)Shaanxi Coal Group Key Project(2018SMHKJ-A-J-03)。
文摘For coal mines,rock,coal,and rock bolt are the critical constituent materials for surrounding rock in the underground engineering.The stability of the“rock-coal-bolt”(RCB)composite system is affected by the structure and fracture of the coal-rock mass.More rock bolts installed on the rock,more complex condition of the engineering stress environment will be(tensile-shear composite stress is principal).In this paper,experimental analysis and theoretical verification were performed on the RCB composite system with different angles.The results revealed that the failure of the rock-coal(RC)composite specimen was caused by tensile and shear cracks.After anchoring,the reinforcement body formed inside the composite system limits the area where the crack could occur in the specimen.Specifically,shearing damage occurred only around the bolt,and the stress-strain curve presented a better post-peak mechanical property.The mechanical mechanism of the bolt under the combined action of tension and shear stress was analyzed.Additionally,a rock-coal-bolt tensile-shear mechanical(RCBTSM)model was established.The relationship(similar to the exponential function)between the bolt tensile-shear stress and the angle was obtained.Moreover,the influences of the dilatancy angle and bolt diameter of the RCB composite system were also considered and analyzed.Most of the bolts are subjected to the tensile-shearing action in the post-peak stage.The implications of these results for engineering practice indicated that the bolts of the RCB composite system should be prevented from entering the limit shearing state early.
