Based on the preonic structure of quarks obtained in a Cold genesis theory of particles (CGT), it was obtained a semi-empiric relation for the current mass of quarks specific to CGT but with the constants obtained wit...Based on the preonic structure of quarks obtained in a Cold genesis theory of particles (CGT), it was obtained a semi-empiric relation for the current mass of quarks specific to CGT but with the constants obtained with the aid of the Gell-Mann-Oakes-Renner formula, giving values close to those obtained by the Standard Model, the current quark’s volume at ordinary nuclear temperature being obtained as sum of theoretic apparent volumes of preonic kerneloids. The maximal densities of the current quarks: strange (s), charm (c), bottom (b), and top (t) resulted in the range (0.8 - 4.2) × 1018 kg/m3, as values which could be specific to possible quark stars, in concordance with previous results. By the preonic quark model of CGT, the possible structure of a quark star resulted from the intermediary transforming: Ne(2d+u)→s−¯+λ−and the forming of composite quarks with the structure: C−(λ−-s−¯-λ−) and C+(s−¯-λ−-s−¯), and of Sq-layers: C+C−C+ and C−C+C− which can form composite quarks: Hq±=(SqS¯qSq);(S¯qSqS¯q), corresponding to a constituent mass: M(Hq) = (12,642;12,711) MeV/c2, the forming of heavier quarks inside a quark star resulting as possible in the form: Dq = n3Cq, (n ≥ 3). The Tolman-Oppenheimer limit: MT=0.7M⊙for neutron stars can also be explained by the CGT’s quark model.展开更多
故障场景下,软开关(soft open points,SOP)的电压支撑和负荷转供作用能有效改善配电系统中的恢复性能。为了提高互联配电系统在极端事件下的运行灵活性和供电可靠性,该文建立含多端软开关的互联配电系统故障恢复的优化决策方法。具体地...故障场景下,软开关(soft open points,SOP)的电压支撑和负荷转供作用能有效改善配电系统中的恢复性能。为了提高互联配电系统在极端事件下的运行灵活性和供电可靠性,该文建立含多端软开关的互联配电系统故障恢复的优化决策方法。具体地,对互联配电网中的多端SOP、分布式电源、储能和冷负荷启动过程进行建模,分析SOP各个端口在恢复过程中的控制模式,并探讨互联配电系统恢复过程中线路拓扑变化和电气装置动作之间的联系,从而实现对系统内可控装置动作顺序的优化决策。之后以负荷恢复量最大、系统总损耗最小为目标,构建互联配电网的故障恢复模型。在原模型基础上进行二阶锥松弛和逻辑约束线性化,并对转化成的混合整数二阶锥规划模型进行求解。最后,以5端SOP连接IEEE33节点和IEEE69节点的系统为算例,验证所述恢复方法的有效性。展开更多
文摘Based on the preonic structure of quarks obtained in a Cold genesis theory of particles (CGT), it was obtained a semi-empiric relation for the current mass of quarks specific to CGT but with the constants obtained with the aid of the Gell-Mann-Oakes-Renner formula, giving values close to those obtained by the Standard Model, the current quark’s volume at ordinary nuclear temperature being obtained as sum of theoretic apparent volumes of preonic kerneloids. The maximal densities of the current quarks: strange (s), charm (c), bottom (b), and top (t) resulted in the range (0.8 - 4.2) × 1018 kg/m3, as values which could be specific to possible quark stars, in concordance with previous results. By the preonic quark model of CGT, the possible structure of a quark star resulted from the intermediary transforming: Ne(2d+u)→s−¯+λ−and the forming of composite quarks with the structure: C−(λ−-s−¯-λ−) and C+(s−¯-λ−-s−¯), and of Sq-layers: C+C−C+ and C−C+C− which can form composite quarks: Hq±=(SqS¯qSq);(S¯qSqS¯q), corresponding to a constituent mass: M(Hq) = (12,642;12,711) MeV/c2, the forming of heavier quarks inside a quark star resulting as possible in the form: Dq = n3Cq, (n ≥ 3). The Tolman-Oppenheimer limit: MT=0.7M⊙for neutron stars can also be explained by the CGT’s quark model.
文摘故障场景下,软开关(soft open points,SOP)的电压支撑和负荷转供作用能有效改善配电系统中的恢复性能。为了提高互联配电系统在极端事件下的运行灵活性和供电可靠性,该文建立含多端软开关的互联配电系统故障恢复的优化决策方法。具体地,对互联配电网中的多端SOP、分布式电源、储能和冷负荷启动过程进行建模,分析SOP各个端口在恢复过程中的控制模式,并探讨互联配电系统恢复过程中线路拓扑变化和电气装置动作之间的联系,从而实现对系统内可控装置动作顺序的优化决策。之后以负荷恢复量最大、系统总损耗最小为目标,构建互联配电网的故障恢复模型。在原模型基础上进行二阶锥松弛和逻辑约束线性化,并对转化成的混合整数二阶锥规划模型进行求解。最后,以5端SOP连接IEEE33节点和IEEE69节点的系统为算例,验证所述恢复方法的有效性。
