The phenomenon of uneven density distribution is inevitable in the process of preparing bonded magnets with complicated shape or with large geometric size by compression molding due to the friction among magnetic powd...The phenomenon of uneven density distribution is inevitable in the process of preparing bonded magnets with complicated shape or with large geometric size by compression molding due to the friction among magnetic powder grains and between magnetic powder and the die wall, which reduces the pressure along the compression direction. In order to improve the density distribution homogeneity, the thin wall rings with composition of HDDR NdFeB prepared by compression molding were selected as the investigated object in this study. It was systematically investigated on the effect of addition level of lubricants and the addition methods of lubricants and strengthener on magnet density, density distribution and on magnet strength. By means of joint addition of lubricants and strengthener, which increases the magnet density and improves the magnet density distribution under the precondition of keeping the magnet strength unreduced. Thus the moldability of the bonded magnets is improved.展开更多
Currently,the process parameters for compression molding of pineapple rind residue are not clear.In view of this problem,a single die hole compression molding test device was designed in this study,and the force of ma...Currently,the process parameters for compression molding of pineapple rind residue are not clear.In view of this problem,a single die hole compression molding test device was designed in this study,and the force of material in a mold hole was analyzed.Using the test device,a three-factor three-level orthogonal test was carried out by using the particle size,moisture content,and die hole length-to-diameter ratio of pineapple rind residue as the factors and the particle molding rate,relax density,and specific energy consumption as the indicators.The test results were analyzed by range analysis,variance analysis,and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.The test results show that the main and secondary factors affecting the comprehensive performance of pineapple rind residue compression molding are length-to-diameter ratio,particle size,and moisture content.The optimal parameter combination is the material particle size of 6-9 mm,moisture content of 16%,and length-to-diameter ratio of 4:1.The best indicators under these conditions are particle molding rate of 97.80%,relax density of 1.32 g/cm,and specific energy consumption of 44.17 J/g.These research results can provide a reference for the selection of processing parameters and the design of molding equipment.展开更多
Polyetherketoneketone(PEKK)is a new evolving polymeric material,and is considered as another important member of the polyaryletherketone(PAEK)family in addition to polyetheretherketone(PEEK).Hot compression molding ca...Polyetherketoneketone(PEKK)is a new evolving polymeric material,and is considered as another important member of the polyaryletherketone(PAEK)family in addition to polyetheretherketone(PEEK).Hot compression molding can be used to compact and consolidate the PEKK products,where the temperature and pressure play key roles to affect the molecular mobility,entanglement and crystallization,and thus the mechanical properties of PEKKs.In this study,a preheating treatment was introduced in the compression molding,and it is found that such preheating is very essential to avoid the formation of crystal FormⅡ,based on the increased chain entanglement.Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the molecular mobility is always suppressed when a compression is applied.Therefore,by increasing the entanglement via the preheating and maintaining such entanglement in the consequent compression molding,strong and tough PEKK materials were obtained,with a negligible fraction of crystal FormⅡ.展开更多
Over the last half-century,polyether ether ketone(PEEK)has emerged as a widely adopted thermoplastic polymer,primarily due to its lower density,exceptional mechanical properties,high-temperature and chemical resistanc...Over the last half-century,polyether ether ketone(PEEK)has emerged as a widely adopted thermoplastic polymer,primarily due to its lower density,exceptional mechanical properties,high-temperature and chemical resistance,and biocompatibility.PEEK and its composites have found extensive applications across various fields,including machinery,aerospace,military equipment,electronics,and biomedicine,positioning themselves as promising substitutes for traditional metal structures.Nevertheless,achieving optimal performance and functional molding of PEEK and its composites presents a formidable challenge,given their inherent characteristics,such as semi-crystallinity,high melting temperature,heightened viscosity,low dielectric coefficient,and hydrophobic properties.In this paper,we present a comprehensive review of the molding methods and processes of PEEK and its composites,including extrusion molding,hot compression molding,injection molding,and 3D printing.We also introduce typical innovative applications within the fields of mechanics,electricity,and biomedicine while elucidating methodologies that leverage the distinctive advantages of PEEK and its composites.Additionally,we summarize research findings related to manipulating the properties of PEEK and its composites through the optimization of machine parameters,process variables,and material structural adjustments.Finally,we contemplate the prevailing development trends and outline prospective avenues for further research in the advancement and molding of PEEK and its composites.展开更多
The possibility of preparing cementitious materials by the alkali-activated method using Yellow River sediment(The second largest river in China)as raw material and the modification effect on different slag addition w...The possibility of preparing cementitious materials by the alkali-activated method using Yellow River sediment(The second largest river in China)as raw material and the modification effect on different slag addition were investigated.Sodium silicate and calcium hydroxide were used as the activator,and the specimens were prepared by the press molding method.The hydration process,hydration products,pore characteristics,and mechanical properties were investigated using SEM/EDS,FTIR,TG/DTG,XRD,MIP,and uniaxial compressive strength experiments,respectively.The results showed that the compressive strength of the modified yellow river silt-based cementitious material was significantly increased when the water glass dosage was 12 wt%(Ms=1.8)and the slag dosage was 40%,and its 90-day maximum compressive strength could reach 53 MPa.展开更多
Novel microcellular foams using thin plasticized PC sheet were prepared by compression molding. The measurement results showed that T of plasticized PC was decreased and the molecular chain mobility was increased. Dec...Novel microcellular foams using thin plasticized PC sheet were prepared by compression molding. The measurement results showed that T of plasticized PC was decreased and the molecular chain mobility was increased. Decrease in T and increase in chains mobility were contributed to the widen of foaming temperature window. Effects of processing conditions on cell size, cell density and relative density were also investigated. The experimental results show that the temperature, tributyl citrate and foaming agent content have more effects on the structures and morphology of the plasticized PC microcellular foam. Effects of experimental conditions on cell size distribution have also been discussed.展开更多
The in vitro degradation rate of polyanhydride （poly（sebacic acid）, diacetoxy terminated）, also known as PSADT, was investigated. PSADT tablets with a circular cross-section were formed using a compression molding...The in vitro degradation rate of polyanhydride （poly（sebacic acid）, diacetoxy terminated）, also known as PSADT, was investigated. PSADT tablets with a circular cross-section were formed using a compression molding device, and then immersed into phosphate buffer saline （PBS） for in vitro degradation experiments. The mechanisms of degradation and the degradation rate were characterized by the change in molecular weight and reduction in specimen mass. In addition, the effects of processing temperature and the geometry of the formed PSADT tablets on the rate of degradation were studied. The surface morphology at different degradation times was observed by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The experimental results showed that PSADT exhibited sur^hce erosion due to the fact that near zero-order degradation kinetics was observed during its degradation process. Moreover, it is found that the geometry of tablets played an important role on the rate of degradation, while the processing temperature had no significant effect on the PSADT degradation rate.展开更多
The mechanical properties of unidirectional natural fiber-reinforced composites are generally affected by several processing parameters during compression molding.This study investigates the effects of processing temp...The mechanical properties of unidirectional natural fiber-reinforced composites are generally affected by several processing parameters during compression molding.This study investigates the effects of processing temperature,time,and pressure on the tensile and flexural properties of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene reinforced by banana fibers.X-ray CT imaging was employed to find the relationship between the mechanical properties and structure of the processed composite.Besides,the water absorption of composites was observed and the way in which the mechanical properties evolved after water absorption was analyzed.The tensile and flexural properties of the unidirectional banana fiber-reinforced composite were found to be inversely proportional to the porosity.In addition,high-pressure compression molding might result in cracks and floating fibers that would significantly reduce its mechanical properties.The composite with the highest strength,smallest porosity and lowest water absorption was optimally prepared at T=170℃,t=20 min,and P=100 kg cm^-2.展开更多
High-moisture regains nature of cellulosic fibers considered one of the critical drawbacks for jute-based applications. To minimize this by developing better interfacial adhesion, a hydrophobic nonwoven wet-laid glass...High-moisture regains nature of cellulosic fibers considered one of the critical drawbacks for jute-based applications. To minimize this by developing better interfacial adhesion, a hydrophobic nonwoven wet-laid glass fiber sheet used <span style="font-family:Verdana;">the</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> woven jute fabric in this experiment. For this purpose, woven jute fabric </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">wa</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s </span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">categorized into untreated, silane, alkali, and alkali-silane combined treatment then compounded with the solution of polycaprolactone </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(PCL). Fabric</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ation of composites performed </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">following sandwich method based on differ</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ent hot-pressing time </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">with</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> temperature for detecting a prominent fabrication parameter. Surface treated jute fibers characterized using FTIR spectro</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sco</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">py. Hence, the mechanical and thermal properties of composites were investiga</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ted to find the consequence of chemical treatments into woven jute fabric. Alkali-silane combined chemical treatments resulting in improved 48.38% of tensile strength over untreated optimized composites. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) used for displaying interfacial adhesion between fiber and polymer matrix. Besides, further investigation demonstrated due to the combined chemical treatment of alkali-silane optimized composites significantly enhanced the thermogravimetric (TGA) stability in contrast to other composites.</span></span>展开更多
The mechanical property of a novel expanded polystyrene cement-based material （EPS-C）, which was prepared by compressing semi-dry materials molding, was investigated. The compressive behavior was analyzed by compres...The mechanical property of a novel expanded polystyrene cement-based material （EPS-C）, which was prepared by compressing semi-dry materials molding, was investigated. The compressive behavior was analyzed by compression tests to gain the energy absorbed during failure. Performance for impact resistance was tested by a self-made device. The results figures out that the EPS-C has good toughness and can reach swain of 0.7 without failure. The stress-strain curve is quite different from that of normal EPS concrete. It can be divided into three stages and in the third stage the compressing exhibits the highest energy absorption. With the rising of cement ratio, the impact force absorption （IEA） decreases first and then increases. The impact energy absorption （IEA） increases first and then decreases. The lowest IEA and the highest lEA appear at the cement dosage from 233 g/L to 267 g/L and from 233 g/L to 300 g/L, respectively.展开更多
The present study aims to investigate the difference of the operation process and the significant mechanical properties between expert workers and beginner workers clearly. The influence of the performance of the carb...The present study aims to investigate the difference of the operation process and the significant mechanical properties between expert workers and beginner workers clearly. The influence of the performance of the carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) molds made by subjects with difference skill level was discussed. Subjects were allowed to choose their process and molding tools. Subject A had 13 years,and subject B had 1 year of professional experience.The time spent usage of tools and process was recorded by a video camera used for analysis and comparison. Mechanical properties assessed in this study include tensile,compressive and Izod impact properties. The working time analysis shows that subject A needs short time for each process. On the other hand,subject B takes twice time to work for each process compared with subject A. From the surface and cross-section observation, it was found that the molding made by subject B had wrinkles all over and the disorderly inter-layer direction; on the contrary,the wrinkles on the molding surface of subject A are barely,and the inter-layer direction of which are more orderly. The results of tensile and Izod impact tests show that the surface winkles have little influence on the mechanical properties of the molding. According to the compression test and failure structure analysis in edge corner part,it was found that it had a great influence on the compression mechanical properties of the sample belonging to different subjects with different experience.展开更多
Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene （UHMWPE） is widely used for articulating surfaces in total hip and knee replacements. In the present work, UHMWPE based polymer composites were synthesized by synergistic rei...Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene （UHMWPE） is widely used for articulating surfaces in total hip and knee replacements. In the present work, UHMWPE based polymer composites were synthesized by synergistic reinforcing of bioactive hydroxyapatite （HA）, bioinert aluminum oxide （Al2O3）, and carbon nanotubes （CNTs） using compression molding. Phase and microstructural analysis suggests retention of UHMWPE and reinforcing phases in the compression molded composites. Microstructural analysis elicited variation in densification due to the size effect of the reinforcing particles. The hybrid composites exhibited hardness, elastic modulus and toughness comparable to that of UHMWPE. The interfacial effect of reinforcement phases has evinced the effectiveness of Al2O3 over HA and CNT reinforcements, depicting synergistic enhancement in hardness and elastic modulus. Weak interfacial bonding of polymer matrix with HA and CNT requires utilization of coupling agents to achieve enhanced mechanical properties without deteriorating cytocompatible properties.展开更多
Ultraprecision diamond machining and high volume molding for affordable high precision high performance optical elements are becoming a viable process in optical industry for low cost high quality microoptical compone...Ultraprecision diamond machining and high volume molding for affordable high precision high performance optical elements are becoming a viable process in optical industry for low cost high quality microoptical component manufacturing. In this process, first high precision microoptical molds are fabricated using ultraprecision single point diamond machining followed by high volume production methods such as compression or injection molding. In the last two decades, there have been steady improvements in ultraprecision machine design and performance, particularly with the introduction of both slow tool and fast tool servo. Today optical molds, including freeform surfaces and microlens arrays, are routinely diamond machined to final finish without post machining polishing. For consumers, compression mold- ing or injection molding provide efficient and high quality optics at extremely low cost. In this paper, first ultrapreci- sion machine design and machining processes such as slow tool and fast too servo are described then both compression molding and injection molding of polymer optics are discussed. To implement precision optical manufacturing by molding, numerical modeling can be included in the future as a critical part of the manufacturing process to ensure high product quality.展开更多
文摘The phenomenon of uneven density distribution is inevitable in the process of preparing bonded magnets with complicated shape or with large geometric size by compression molding due to the friction among magnetic powder grains and between magnetic powder and the die wall, which reduces the pressure along the compression direction. In order to improve the density distribution homogeneity, the thin wall rings with composition of HDDR NdFeB prepared by compression molding were selected as the investigated object in this study. It was systematically investigated on the effect of addition level of lubricants and the addition methods of lubricants and strengthener on magnet density, density distribution and on magnet strength. By means of joint addition of lubricants and strengthener, which increases the magnet density and improves the magnet density distribution under the precondition of keeping the magnet strength unreduced. Thus the moldability of the bonded magnets is improved.
基金The research work was supported by the Special Funds for Scientific Research in Public Welfare Industries(Agriculture)"Comprehensive Utilization of By-products of Horticultural Crop Products Processing"(Grant No.201503142).
文摘Currently,the process parameters for compression molding of pineapple rind residue are not clear.In view of this problem,a single die hole compression molding test device was designed in this study,and the force of material in a mold hole was analyzed.Using the test device,a three-factor three-level orthogonal test was carried out by using the particle size,moisture content,and die hole length-to-diameter ratio of pineapple rind residue as the factors and the particle molding rate,relax density,and specific energy consumption as the indicators.The test results were analyzed by range analysis,variance analysis,and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.The test results show that the main and secondary factors affecting the comprehensive performance of pineapple rind residue compression molding are length-to-diameter ratio,particle size,and moisture content.The optimal parameter combination is the material particle size of 6-9 mm,moisture content of 16%,and length-to-diameter ratio of 4:1.The best indicators under these conditions are particle molding rate of 97.80%,relax density of 1.32 g/cm,and specific energy consumption of 44.17 J/g.These research results can provide a reference for the selection of processing parameters and the design of molding equipment.
基金financially supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2232021G-01)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51862036)。
文摘Polyetherketoneketone(PEKK)is a new evolving polymeric material,and is considered as another important member of the polyaryletherketone(PAEK)family in addition to polyetheretherketone(PEEK).Hot compression molding can be used to compact and consolidate the PEKK products,where the temperature and pressure play key roles to affect the molecular mobility,entanglement and crystallization,and thus the mechanical properties of PEKKs.In this study,a preheating treatment was introduced in the compression molding,and it is found that such preheating is very essential to avoid the formation of crystal FormⅡ,based on the increased chain entanglement.Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the molecular mobility is always suppressed when a compression is applied.Therefore,by increasing the entanglement via the preheating and maintaining such entanglement in the consequent compression molding,strong and tough PEKK materials were obtained,with a negligible fraction of crystal FormⅡ.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC2401903)the“Pioneer”and the“Leading Goose”R&D Program of Zhejiang Province(No.2023C01170)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52205424)the Key Project of Science and Technology Innovation 2025 of Ningbo(No.2023Z029),China.
文摘Over the last half-century,polyether ether ketone(PEEK)has emerged as a widely adopted thermoplastic polymer,primarily due to its lower density,exceptional mechanical properties,high-temperature and chemical resistance,and biocompatibility.PEEK and its composites have found extensive applications across various fields,including machinery,aerospace,military equipment,electronics,and biomedicine,positioning themselves as promising substitutes for traditional metal structures.Nevertheless,achieving optimal performance and functional molding of PEEK and its composites presents a formidable challenge,given their inherent characteristics,such as semi-crystallinity,high melting temperature,heightened viscosity,low dielectric coefficient,and hydrophobic properties.In this paper,we present a comprehensive review of the molding methods and processes of PEEK and its composites,including extrusion molding,hot compression molding,injection molding,and 3D printing.We also introduce typical innovative applications within the fields of mechanics,electricity,and biomedicine while elucidating methodologies that leverage the distinctive advantages of PEEK and its composites.Additionally,we summarize research findings related to manipulating the properties of PEEK and its composites through the optimization of machine parameters,process variables,and material structural adjustments.Finally,we contemplate the prevailing development trends and outline prospective avenues for further research in the advancement and molding of PEEK and its composites.
基金Funded in part by the Joint Funds of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U20A20324)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51878116)+3 种基金Liaoning Province Key Project of Research and Development Plan(No.2020JH2/10100016)Dalian Science and Technology Innovation Fund Project(No.2020JJ26SN060)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51809109)the National Key Research and Development Projects(No.2017YFC0504506)。
文摘The possibility of preparing cementitious materials by the alkali-activated method using Yellow River sediment(The second largest river in China)as raw material and the modification effect on different slag addition were investigated.Sodium silicate and calcium hydroxide were used as the activator,and the specimens were prepared by the press molding method.The hydration process,hydration products,pore characteristics,and mechanical properties were investigated using SEM/EDS,FTIR,TG/DTG,XRD,MIP,and uniaxial compressive strength experiments,respectively.The results showed that the compressive strength of the modified yellow river silt-based cementitious material was significantly increased when the water glass dosage was 12 wt%(Ms=1.8)and the slag dosage was 40%,and its 90-day maximum compressive strength could reach 53 MPa.
基金Funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Provincial Science&Technologies Department(2010CDB04604)
文摘Novel microcellular foams using thin plasticized PC sheet were prepared by compression molding. The measurement results showed that T of plasticized PC was decreased and the molecular chain mobility was increased. Decrease in T and increase in chains mobility were contributed to the widen of foaming temperature window. Effects of processing conditions on cell size, cell density and relative density were also investigated. The experimental results show that the temperature, tributyl citrate and foaming agent content have more effects on the structures and morphology of the plasticized PC microcellular foam. Effects of experimental conditions on cell size distribution have also been discussed.
基金Funded by the China Scholarship Council and Wisconsin Institute for Discovery(WID)the Scientific Research Staring Foundation,Fujian University of Technology,China(No.GY-Z13028)+1 种基金the Programfor New Century Excellent Talents in Fujian Province University(NCETFJ-2010)the Research Fund for Fujian Provincial University(JK-2010038)
文摘The in vitro degradation rate of polyanhydride （poly（sebacic acid）, diacetoxy terminated）, also known as PSADT, was investigated. PSADT tablets with a circular cross-section were formed using a compression molding device, and then immersed into phosphate buffer saline （PBS） for in vitro degradation experiments. The mechanisms of degradation and the degradation rate were characterized by the change in molecular weight and reduction in specimen mass. In addition, the effects of processing temperature and the geometry of the formed PSADT tablets on the rate of degradation were studied. The surface morphology at different degradation times was observed by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The experimental results showed that PSADT exhibited sur^hce erosion due to the fact that near zero-order degradation kinetics was observed during its degradation process. Moreover, it is found that the geometry of tablets played an important role on the rate of degradation, while the processing temperature had no significant effect on the PSADT degradation rate.
文摘The mechanical properties of unidirectional natural fiber-reinforced composites are generally affected by several processing parameters during compression molding.This study investigates the effects of processing temperature,time,and pressure on the tensile and flexural properties of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene reinforced by banana fibers.X-ray CT imaging was employed to find the relationship between the mechanical properties and structure of the processed composite.Besides,the water absorption of composites was observed and the way in which the mechanical properties evolved after water absorption was analyzed.The tensile and flexural properties of the unidirectional banana fiber-reinforced composite were found to be inversely proportional to the porosity.In addition,high-pressure compression molding might result in cracks and floating fibers that would significantly reduce its mechanical properties.The composite with the highest strength,smallest porosity and lowest water absorption was optimally prepared at T=170℃,t=20 min,and P=100 kg cm^-2.
文摘High-moisture regains nature of cellulosic fibers considered one of the critical drawbacks for jute-based applications. To minimize this by developing better interfacial adhesion, a hydrophobic nonwoven wet-laid glass fiber sheet used <span style="font-family:Verdana;">the</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> woven jute fabric in this experiment. For this purpose, woven jute fabric </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">wa</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s </span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">categorized into untreated, silane, alkali, and alkali-silane combined treatment then compounded with the solution of polycaprolactone </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(PCL). Fabric</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ation of composites performed </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">following sandwich method based on differ</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ent hot-pressing time </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">with</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> temperature for detecting a prominent fabrication parameter. Surface treated jute fibers characterized using FTIR spectro</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sco</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">py. Hence, the mechanical and thermal properties of composites were investiga</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ted to find the consequence of chemical treatments into woven jute fabric. Alkali-silane combined chemical treatments resulting in improved 48.38% of tensile strength over untreated optimized composites. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) used for displaying interfacial adhesion between fiber and polymer matrix. Besides, further investigation demonstrated due to the combined chemical treatment of alkali-silane optimized composites significantly enhanced the thermogravimetric (TGA) stability in contrast to other composites.</span></span>
基金Funded by the Kwang-Hua Fund for College of Civil Engineering,Tongji Universitythe National Natural Science Fundation of China(No.41002093)the National Science and Technology Support Project of China(No.2012BAK24B04)
文摘The mechanical property of a novel expanded polystyrene cement-based material （EPS-C）, which was prepared by compressing semi-dry materials molding, was investigated. The compressive behavior was analyzed by compression tests to gain the energy absorbed during failure. Performance for impact resistance was tested by a self-made device. The results figures out that the EPS-C has good toughness and can reach swain of 0.7 without failure. The stress-strain curve is quite different from that of normal EPS concrete. It can be divided into three stages and in the third stage the compressing exhibits the highest energy absorption. With the rising of cement ratio, the impact force absorption （IEA） decreases first and then increases. The impact energy absorption （IEA） increases first and then decreases. The lowest IEA and the highest lEA appear at the cement dosage from 233 g/L to 267 g/L and from 233 g/L to 300 g/L, respectively.
文摘The present study aims to investigate the difference of the operation process and the significant mechanical properties between expert workers and beginner workers clearly. The influence of the performance of the carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) molds made by subjects with difference skill level was discussed. Subjects were allowed to choose their process and molding tools. Subject A had 13 years,and subject B had 1 year of professional experience.The time spent usage of tools and process was recorded by a video camera used for analysis and comparison. Mechanical properties assessed in this study include tensile,compressive and Izod impact properties. The working time analysis shows that subject A needs short time for each process. On the other hand,subject B takes twice time to work for each process compared with subject A. From the surface and cross-section observation, it was found that the molding made by subject B had wrinkles all over and the disorderly inter-layer direction; on the contrary,the wrinkles on the molding surface of subject A are barely,and the inter-layer direction of which are more orderly. The results of tensile and Izod impact tests show that the surface winkles have little influence on the mechanical properties of the molding. According to the compression test and failure structure analysis in edge corner part,it was found that it had a great influence on the compression mechanical properties of the sample belonging to different subjects with different experience.
基金funded by the Department of Biotechnology (DBT),Govt.of India
文摘Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene （UHMWPE） is widely used for articulating surfaces in total hip and knee replacements. In the present work, UHMWPE based polymer composites were synthesized by synergistic reinforcing of bioactive hydroxyapatite （HA）, bioinert aluminum oxide （Al2O3）, and carbon nanotubes （CNTs） using compression molding. Phase and microstructural analysis suggests retention of UHMWPE and reinforcing phases in the compression molded composites. Microstructural analysis elicited variation in densification due to the size effect of the reinforcing particles. The hybrid composites exhibited hardness, elastic modulus and toughness comparable to that of UHMWPE. The interfacial effect of reinforcement phases has evinced the effectiveness of Al2O3 over HA and CNT reinforcements, depicting synergistic enhancement in hardness and elastic modulus. Weak interfacial bonding of polymer matrix with HA and CNT requires utilization of coupling agents to achieve enhanced mechanical properties without deteriorating cytocompatible properties.
文摘Ultraprecision diamond machining and high volume molding for affordable high precision high performance optical elements are becoming a viable process in optical industry for low cost high quality microoptical component manufacturing. In this process, first high precision microoptical molds are fabricated using ultraprecision single point diamond machining followed by high volume production methods such as compression or injection molding. In the last two decades, there have been steady improvements in ultraprecision machine design and performance, particularly with the introduction of both slow tool and fast tool servo. Today optical molds, including freeform surfaces and microlens arrays, are routinely diamond machined to final finish without post machining polishing. For consumers, compression mold- ing or injection molding provide efficient and high quality optics at extremely low cost. In this paper, first ultrapreci- sion machine design and machining processes such as slow tool and fast too servo are described then both compression molding and injection molding of polymer optics are discussed. To implement precision optical manufacturing by molding, numerical modeling can be included in the future as a critical part of the manufacturing process to ensure high product quality.
