Costaria costata(C.Agardh) Saunders is one of common kelps distributed in many coastal areas worldwide;however,in China,no reports have been made on cultivation of the genus.To investigate potential cultivation of the...Costaria costata(C.Agardh) Saunders is one of common kelps distributed in many coastal areas worldwide;however,in China,no reports have been made on cultivation of the genus.To investigate potential cultivation of the species in the northern part of China,trials on isolation and preservation of the gametophytes were conducted using C.costata from Korea;growth and development of the gametophytes were observed.We showed that at 10±1°C,60 μmol m-2s-1 and 12:12 h(L:D),freshly released zoospores settled down within 1 hour,and then developed into the primary cell during the following 2 days.After a vegetative growth phase lasting 6-8 days,female gametophytes became 3-4 times larger in diameter than that of the primary cell,but still remained at a unicellular stage,while male gametophytes divided into 4-10 cells with only a slight change in size.Fertilization occurred within 10 days after the zoospores were released from the sporangia,and the apical and basal tissues of the juvenile sporophyte divided and differentiated into the blade and stipe.Temperature and irradiance influenced gametophytic vegetative growth and developmental patterns.Generally,low irradiance(15 μmol m-2s-1 and 30 μmol m-2s-1) was unfavorable to the induction of fertility,but it enhanced female gametophyte division.The optimal conditions for vegetative growth were 15°C and 30 μmol m-2s-1.After transplantation of the juvenile seedlings and after eight months cultivation,the harvested mature blade reached 194 cm in length and 32.7 cm in width.Our study proves that it is feasible to implement propagation and large scale cultivation of C.costata in northern China.展开更多
In this study, variations in composition and properties of polysaccharides isolated from brown algae Costaria costata were analyzed. The algae were collected from May to July of the harvest period. The carbohydrates a...In this study, variations in composition and properties of polysaccharides isolated from brown algae Costaria costata were analyzed. The algae were collected from May to July of the harvest period. The carbohydrates alginate and fucoidan were extracted with selected solvents. 1H Nuclear magnetic resonance and rheology were used to investigate the monomer composition and rheological characteristics of alginate. Gas chromatography and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy were employed to investigate the compositional properties of purified fucoidan. The results indicated that the composition and properties of alginate and fucoidan varied during the life of this alga. The alginate from the alga harvested in May and June had a higher molecular weight, viscosity, and proportion of mannuronic acid, whereas that harvested in July had a lower molecular weight and viscosity but a higher proportion of guluroinc acid. The alginate from C. costata had a higher molecular weight and a different mannuronic acid： guluronic acid ratios compared with other algae; thus, it could be used in the chemical, food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. Fucoidan content reached the maximum in June. Substantial changes in the molecular weight distribution, monosaccharide composition, and sulfate content occurred simultaneously. The fraction of fucose in the polysaccharides decreased significantly from June to July, whereas that of mannose increased. This alga can be harvested during different growth periods to obtain fucoidans and alginates with different compositions and, therefore, with different biological properties.展开更多
Betula platyphylla and Betula costata are important species in mixed broadleaved-Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis)forests.However,the specific ways in which their growth is affected by warm temperatures and drought remain...Betula platyphylla and Betula costata are important species in mixed broadleaved-Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis)forests.However,the specific ways in which their growth is affected by warm temperatures and drought remain unclear.To address this issue,60 and 62 tree-ring cores of B.platyphylla and B.costata were collected in Yichun,China.Using dendrochronological methods,the response and adaptation of these species to climate change were examined.A“hysteresis effect”was found in the rings of both species,linked to May–September moisture conditions of the previous year.Radial growth of B.costata was positively correlated with the standardized precipitation-evapotranspiration index(SPEI),the precipitation from September to October of the previous year,and the relative humidity in October of the previous year.Growth of B.costata is primarily restricted by moisture conditions from September to October.In contrast,B.platyphylla growth is mainly limited by minimum temperatures in May–June of both the previous and current years.After droughts,B.platyphylla had a faster recovery rate compared to B.costata.In the context of rising temperatures since 1980,the correlation between B.platyphylla growth and monthly SPEI became positive and strengthened over time,while the growth of B.costata showed no conspicuous change.Our findings suggest that the growth of B.platyphylla is already affected by warming temperatures,whereas B.costata may become limited if warming continues or intensifies.Climate change could disrupt the succession of these species,possibly accelerating the succession of pioneer species.The results of this research are of great significance for understanding how the growth changes of birch species under warming and drying conditions,and contribute to understanding the structural adaptation of mixed broadleaved-Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis)forests under climate change.展开更多
基金Supported by the Shandong Agriculture Seedstocks Projectthe Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KSCX2-YW-N-247-02)
文摘Costaria costata(C.Agardh) Saunders is one of common kelps distributed in many coastal areas worldwide;however,in China,no reports have been made on cultivation of the genus.To investigate potential cultivation of the species in the northern part of China,trials on isolation and preservation of the gametophytes were conducted using C.costata from Korea;growth and development of the gametophytes were observed.We showed that at 10±1°C,60 μmol m-2s-1 and 12:12 h(L:D),freshly released zoospores settled down within 1 hour,and then developed into the primary cell during the following 2 days.After a vegetative growth phase lasting 6-8 days,female gametophytes became 3-4 times larger in diameter than that of the primary cell,but still remained at a unicellular stage,while male gametophytes divided into 4-10 cells with only a slight change in size.Fertilization occurred within 10 days after the zoospores were released from the sporangia,and the apical and basal tissues of the juvenile sporophyte divided and differentiated into the blade and stipe.Temperature and irradiance influenced gametophytic vegetative growth and developmental patterns.Generally,low irradiance(15 μmol m-2s-1 and 30 μmol m-2s-1) was unfavorable to the induction of fertility,but it enhanced female gametophyte division.The optimal conditions for vegetative growth were 15°C and 30 μmol m-2s-1.After transplantation of the juvenile seedlings and after eight months cultivation,the harvested mature blade reached 194 cm in length and 32.7 cm in width.Our study proves that it is feasible to implement propagation and large scale cultivation of C.costata in northern China.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program in Shandong Province(No.2016GSF121034)the National Science and Technology Pillar Program in the 12th Five Year Plan of China(No.2015BAD17B02)+1 种基金Open Foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Seaweed Substancesthe Jiangsu Provincial Key R&D Project(No.BE2015335)
文摘In this study, variations in composition and properties of polysaccharides isolated from brown algae Costaria costata were analyzed. The algae were collected from May to July of the harvest period. The carbohydrates alginate and fucoidan were extracted with selected solvents. 1H Nuclear magnetic resonance and rheology were used to investigate the monomer composition and rheological characteristics of alginate. Gas chromatography and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy were employed to investigate the compositional properties of purified fucoidan. The results indicated that the composition and properties of alginate and fucoidan varied during the life of this alga. The alginate from the alga harvested in May and June had a higher molecular weight, viscosity, and proportion of mannuronic acid, whereas that harvested in July had a lower molecular weight and viscosity but a higher proportion of guluroinc acid. The alginate from C. costata had a higher molecular weight and a different mannuronic acid： guluronic acid ratios compared with other algae; thus, it could be used in the chemical, food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. Fucoidan content reached the maximum in June. Substantial changes in the molecular weight distribution, monosaccharide composition, and sulfate content occurred simultaneously. The fraction of fucose in the polysaccharides decreased significantly from June to July, whereas that of mannose increased. This alga can be harvested during different growth periods to obtain fucoidans and alginates with different compositions and, therefore, with different biological properties.
基金the Key Project of the China National Key Research and Development Program(2021YFD2200401)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42177421 and 41877426)。
文摘Betula platyphylla and Betula costata are important species in mixed broadleaved-Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis)forests.However,the specific ways in which their growth is affected by warm temperatures and drought remain unclear.To address this issue,60 and 62 tree-ring cores of B.platyphylla and B.costata were collected in Yichun,China.Using dendrochronological methods,the response and adaptation of these species to climate change were examined.A“hysteresis effect”was found in the rings of both species,linked to May–September moisture conditions of the previous year.Radial growth of B.costata was positively correlated with the standardized precipitation-evapotranspiration index(SPEI),the precipitation from September to October of the previous year,and the relative humidity in October of the previous year.Growth of B.costata is primarily restricted by moisture conditions from September to October.In contrast,B.platyphylla growth is mainly limited by minimum temperatures in May–June of both the previous and current years.After droughts,B.platyphylla had a faster recovery rate compared to B.costata.In the context of rising temperatures since 1980,the correlation between B.platyphylla growth and monthly SPEI became positive and strengthened over time,while the growth of B.costata showed no conspicuous change.Our findings suggest that the growth of B.platyphylla is already affected by warming temperatures,whereas B.costata may become limited if warming continues or intensifies.Climate change could disrupt the succession of these species,possibly accelerating the succession of pioneer species.The results of this research are of great significance for understanding how the growth changes of birch species under warming and drying conditions,and contribute to understanding the structural adaptation of mixed broadleaved-Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis)forests under climate change.
