Based on reasonable assumptions that simplified the calculational model,a simple and practical method was proposed to calculate the post-construction settlement of high-speed railway bridge pile foundation by using th...Based on reasonable assumptions that simplified the calculational model,a simple and practical method was proposed to calculate the post-construction settlement of high-speed railway bridge pile foundation by using the Mesri creep model to describe the soil characteristics and the Mindlin-Geddes method considering pile diameter to calculate the vertical additional stress of pile bottom.A program named CPPS was designed for this method to calculate the post-construction settlement of a high-speed railway bridge pile foundation.The result indicates that the post-construction settlement in 100 years meets the requirements of the engineering specifications,and in the first two decades,the post-construction settlement is about 80% of its total settlement,while the settlement in the rest eighty years tends to be stable.Compared with the measured settlement after laying railway tracks,the calculational result is closed to that of the measured,and the results are conservative with a high computational accuracy.It is noted that the method can be used to calculate the post-construction settlement for the preliminary design of high-speed railway bridge pile foundation.展开更多
Based on the principles of virtual work for continuum medium,the element free Galerkin method to simulate the numerical calculations of steady-state creep was used and the discrete equation was derived in meshlss meth...Based on the principles of virtual work for continuum medium,the element free Galerkin method to simulate the numerical calculations of steady-state creep was used and the discrete equation was derived in meshlss method for steady-state creep.The es- sential boundary conditions and volume incompressible conditions can be realized by em- ploying the penalty parameters,so the symmetric positive definite system stiffness matrix can be yielded.Results of numerical cases show that element free Galerkin method,with its high accuracy,is much more convenient to deal with the pre-process and post-process, the results by meshless method is in good agreement with the exact solution data.展开更多
Creep-fatigue test was carried out using smooth round bar specimens of Type 304 stainless steel. Cavities and small cracks on the cross-section of the specimen were carefully observed by a scanning laser microscope. M...Creep-fatigue test was carried out using smooth round bar specimens of Type 304 stainless steel. Cavities and small cracks on the cross-section of the specimen were carefully observed by a scanning laser microscope. Moreover, direct current electrical potential method (DC-EPM) was applied in order to evaluate non-destructively the distribution of internal cracks. The distribution evaluated by DC-EPM agreed well with the actual one.展开更多
Nonlinear analyses of quad flat package (QFP) on printed circuit board (PCB) assemblies subjected to thermal cycling conditions are presented.Two different solders are considered,namely, Sn37Pb and Sn3.5Ag.The stress ...Nonlinear analyses of quad flat package (QFP) on printed circuit board (PCB) assemblies subjected to thermal cycling conditions are presented.Two different solders are considered,namely, Sn37Pb and Sn3.5Ag.The stress and strain response of fine pitch devices soldered joints was investigated by using finite element method based on Garofalo-Arrheninus model.The simulated results indicate creep distribution of soldered joints is not uniform,the heel and toe of soldered joints, the area between soldered joints and leads are the creep concentrated sites.The similar phenomena of stress curves simulated based on Garofalo-Arrhenlnus model and Anand equations is confirmed,and the creep strain value of Sn3.5Ag soldered joints is lower than that of Sn37Pb soldered joints. Thermal cycling results show that Sn3.5Ag strongly outperforms Sn37Pb for QFP devices under the studied test condition.This is well matched with the experimental outcome analyzed.In addition,the soldered devices were tested by micro-joints tester,the tensile strength of Sn3.5Ag soldered joints is found to be higher than that of Sn37Pb soldered joints.By analyzing the fracture microstructure of soldered joints,it is found that fracture mechanism of Sn3.5Ag soldered joints is toughness fracture, while fracture mechanism of Sn37Pb soldered joints includes brittle fracture and toughness fracture. The results of this study provide an important basis of understanding the mechanical properties of fine pitch devices with traditional Sn37Pb and Sn3.5Ag lead-free soldered joints.展开更多
A unit cell model is applied to study the creep damage behavior after fiber fractures in the fiber-reinforced composites at high temperature. The user subroutine CREEP has been programmed for ABAQUS. The fiber breakag...A unit cell model is applied to study the creep damage behavior after fiber fractures in the fiber-reinforced composites at high temperature. The user subroutine CREEP has been programmed for ABAQUS. The fiber breakage results in a new crack. The results show that the stress concentration factor resulted from the fiber breakage increases with the creep time. The creep damage takes place near the crack, and then grows in the matrix along a certain angle, up to the total failure. The influences of the ratio of modulus of the fiber to the matrix (Ef/Em) on the creep deformation, damage and stress distributions have been studied. With the increasing Ef /Em, the damage in the matrix increases. Analysis on the different ductility of matrix shows that the creep damage of low ductile matrix composites is higher than high ductile matrix composites.展开更多
Creep damage at crack tip in short fibre composites has been sim-ulated by using the finite element method(FEM).The well-known Schapery non-linear viscoelastic constitutive relationship was used to characterize time-d...Creep damage at crack tip in short fibre composites has been sim-ulated by using the finite element method(FEM).The well-known Schapery non-linear viscoelastic constitutive relationship was used to characterize time-dependentbehaviour of the material.A modified recurrence equation was adopted to acceleratethe iteration.Kachanov-Rabotnov’s damage evolution law was employed.The growthof the damage zone with time around the crack tip was calculated and the resultswere shown with the so-called "digit photo",which was produced by the printer.展开更多
The recently developed elasto-viscoplastic Creep-SCLAYIS model has been used in conjunction with PLAXIS 2D to investigate the effectiveness of vibro-replacement in a creep-prone clay.The CreepSCLAYIS model accounts fo...The recently developed elasto-viscoplastic Creep-SCLAYIS model has been used in conjunction with PLAXIS 2D to investigate the effectiveness of vibro-replacement in a creep-prone clay.The CreepSCLAYIS model accounts for anisotropy,bonding,and destructuration,and uses the concept of a constant rate of viscoplastic multiplier to calculate creep strain rate.A comparison of settlement improvement factors with and without creep indicates that 'total' settlement improvement factors(primary plus creep) are lower than their 'primary' counterparts(primary settlement only).The lowest settlement improvement factors arise for analyses incorporating the effect of bonding and destructuration.Examination of the variations of vertical stress with time and depth has indicated that vertical stress is transferred from the soil to the column as the soil creeps.This results in additional column yielding.In addition,the radial and hoop stresses in the soil are lower for the 'creep' case.The reduced radial stresses lead to additional column bulging and hence more settlement,whereas the hoop stress reductions appear to be a secondary effect,caused by additional plastic deformation for the 'creep' case.展开更多
The effect of concrete creep on the pre-camber of a long-span pre-stressed concrete continuous rigid-frame bridge constructed by cantilever casting method was investigated.The difference of creep coefficients calculat...The effect of concrete creep on the pre-camber of a long-span pre-stressed concrete continuous rigid-frame bridge constructed by cantilever casting method was investigated.The difference of creep coefficients calculated with two Chinese codes was discussed.Based on the calculations,the pre-camber of a pre-stressed concrete continuous rigid-frame box bridge was computed for construction control purpose.The results show that the short-term creep coefficient and long-term creep coefficient calculated with the CC-1985 are larger than those calculated with the CC-2004,while the medium-term creep coefficient calculated with the CC-1985 is smaller than that calculated with the CC-2004.The difference of creep deformation calculated with these two codes is small,and the influences of concrete creep on the pre-camber for most of the segments are negligible.The deflections and stresses of the box girder measured during the construction stages agree very well with the predictions.展开更多
Applicability of the following creep constitutive equations was investigated for normal type creep curves of Ni-18.5Cr alloy and tertiary creep dominant curves of Ni-18.5Cr16W alloy under constant load: the θ project...Applicability of the following creep constitutive equations was investigated for normal type creep curves of Ni-18.5Cr alloy and tertiary creep dominant curves of Ni-18.5Cr16W alloy under constant load: the θ projection method describing a creep curse by a sum of two exponential terms, modified θ method describing a primary creep stage by an exponential term and a tertiary creep stage by a logarithmic term, modified Ω method describing a creep curve by a sum of two logarithmic term, 2θ method with only a tertiary creep component and Ω method. The θ, modified θ and modified Ω methods can describe normal type and tertiary creep dominant curves. Tertiary creep dominant curves of Ni-18.5Cr-16W alloy at 900℃ are also described using 2θ and Ω methods. Applicability of the modified θ and modified Ω methods is superior for constant load creep curves because they can predict creep curves up to rupture and rupture life accurately and conservatively.展开更多
The high-temperature creep behavior of asphalt mixture was investigated based on micromechanical modeling and virtual test by using three-dimensional discrete element method(DEM). A user-defined micromechanical model ...The high-temperature creep behavior of asphalt mixture was investigated based on micromechanical modeling and virtual test by using three-dimensional discrete element method(DEM). A user-defined micromechanical model of asphalt mixture was established after analyzing the irregular shape and gradation of coarse aggregates, the viscoelastic property of asphalt mastic, and the random distribution of air voids within the asphalt mixture. Virtual uniaxial static creep test at 60 ℃ was conducted by using Particle Flow Code in three dimensions(PFC3D) and was validated by laboratory test. Based on virtual creep test, the micromechanical characteristics between aggregates, within asphalt mastic, and between aggregate and asphalt mastic were analyzed for the asphalt mixture. It is proved that the virtual test based on the micromechanical model can efficiently predict the creep deformation of asphalt mixture. And the high-temperature behavior of asphalt mixture was characterized from micromechanical perspective.展开更多
The distribution of saturated soft clay is greatly wide in China. The current main measures adopted to deal with soft soil foundations may lead to environmental pollution, even some engineering accidents may happen on...The distribution of saturated soft clay is greatly wide in China. The current main measures adopted to deal with soft soil foundations may lead to environmental pollution, even some engineering accidents may happen on soft soil foundations. In order to solve engineering problems of saturated soft soil foundations well, researches of mechanical properties of them are necessary. One of the most important mechanical characteristics of saturated soft clay is its cyclic accumulative deformation under cyclic loadings. For saturated soft clay, the cyclic accumulative deformation is similar to the creep behavior under static loadings. Therefore, the cyclic accumulative deformation is equivalent to the creep, the number of loading cycles is seen as the time, and this study develops a practical method for predicting the cyclic accumulative deformation of saturated soft clay with the creep theory. The method is a pseudostatic elasto-plastic finite element method implemented by ABAQUS software. A fitted equation between cyclic accumulative strain and number of loading cycles and the empirical relationship of parameters of fitted equation were established with aseries of cyclic triaxial compression tests. Then with this empirical relationship of parameters, the method developed by this study was employed to predict the cyclic accumulative deformation under cyclic triaxial tension tests. Predicted results were in good agreement with test results, and the effectiveness of this method was thus validated for different stress states. The method was then applied in analyzing the cyclic accumulative deformation for soft soil foundation of a pile-supported wharf structure.展开更多
The aim of the paper is to discover the general creep mechanisms for the short fiber reinforcement matrix composites (MMCs) under uniaxial stress states and to build a relationship between the macroscopic steady creep...The aim of the paper is to discover the general creep mechanisms for the short fiber reinforcement matrix composites (MMCs) under uniaxial stress states and to build a relationship between the macroscopic steady creep behavior and the material micro geometric parameters. The unit cell models were used to calculate the macroscopic creep behavior with different micro geometric parameters of fibers on different loading directions. The influence of the geometric parameters of the fibers and loading directions on the macroscopic creep behavior had been obtained, and described quantitatively. The matrix/fiber interface had been considered by a third layer, matrix/fiber interlayer, in the unit cells with different creep properties and thickness. Based on the numerical results of the unit cell models, a statistic model had been presented for the plane randomly-distributed-fiber MMCs. The fiber breakage had been taken into account in the statistic model for it starts experimentally early in the creep life. With the distribution of the geometric parameters of the fibers, the results of the statistic model agree well with the experiments. With the statistic model, the influence of the geometric parameters and the breakage of the fibers as well as the properties and thickness of the interlayer on the macroscopic steady creep rate have been discussed.展开更多
The fabric clip is an important component in textile machine. The creep deformation on the clip body hole at high temperature acted on different pulling forces during a period of6 240 h was researched by using ABAQUS ...The fabric clip is an important component in textile machine. The creep deformation on the clip body hole at high temperature acted on different pulling forces during a period of6 240 h was researched by using ABAQUS software. The NortonBailey's with time hardening constitutive equation was used to simulate the creep deformation on the clip body hole made of A380 aluminum alloy at high temperature, and the simulation results showed that for different pulling forces,the creep deformation on the clip body hole increased with an increase in the pulling force.Then,the experimental dimensional changes test was performed on three different specimens of the clip body hole at different service time( 1 200 h,4 800 h,6 240 h) by using a Global Performance test machine. A comparison between the finite element method( FEM)and the experimental results show a good correlation. The simulation results also indicate that the creep deformation on the clip body hole has an important effect on the relaxation of the blade clamping fastness which leads to fabric clip failure.展开更多
基金Projects(2009G008-B,2010G018-E-3) supported by Key Projects of China Railway Ministry Science and Technology Research and Development ProgramProject(CX2013B076) supported by Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation For Postgraduate,China
文摘Based on reasonable assumptions that simplified the calculational model,a simple and practical method was proposed to calculate the post-construction settlement of high-speed railway bridge pile foundation by using the Mesri creep model to describe the soil characteristics and the Mindlin-Geddes method considering pile diameter to calculate the vertical additional stress of pile bottom.A program named CPPS was designed for this method to calculate the post-construction settlement of a high-speed railway bridge pile foundation.The result indicates that the post-construction settlement in 100 years meets the requirements of the engineering specifications,and in the first two decades,the post-construction settlement is about 80% of its total settlement,while the settlement in the rest eighty years tends to be stable.Compared with the measured settlement after laying railway tracks,the calculational result is closed to that of the measured,and the results are conservative with a high computational accuracy.It is noted that the method can be used to calculate the post-construction settlement for the preliminary design of high-speed railway bridge pile foundation.
基金the Youth Science Foundation of Anhui Province(08040106831)Key Projects on College Natural Science Research of Anhui Province(KJ2008A125)
文摘Based on the principles of virtual work for continuum medium,the element free Galerkin method to simulate the numerical calculations of steady-state creep was used and the discrete equation was derived in meshlss method for steady-state creep.The es- sential boundary conditions and volume incompressible conditions can be realized by em- ploying the penalty parameters,so the symmetric positive definite system stiffness matrix can be yielded.Results of numerical cases show that element free Galerkin method,with its high accuracy,is much more convenient to deal with the pre-process and post-process, the results by meshless method is in good agreement with the exact solution data.
文摘Creep-fatigue test was carried out using smooth round bar specimens of Type 304 stainless steel. Cavities and small cracks on the cross-section of the specimen were carefully observed by a scanning laser microscope. Moreover, direct current electrical potential method (DC-EPM) was applied in order to evaluate non-destructively the distribution of internal cracks. The distribution evaluated by DC-EPM agreed well with the actual one.
基金supported by Six Kind Skilled Personnel Project of Jiangsu Province,China (No.06-E-020)Jiangsu General Colleges and Universities Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovative Plan,China (No.CX07B_087z).
文摘Nonlinear analyses of quad flat package (QFP) on printed circuit board (PCB) assemblies subjected to thermal cycling conditions are presented.Two different solders are considered,namely, Sn37Pb and Sn3.5Ag.The stress and strain response of fine pitch devices soldered joints was investigated by using finite element method based on Garofalo-Arrheninus model.The simulated results indicate creep distribution of soldered joints is not uniform,the heel and toe of soldered joints, the area between soldered joints and leads are the creep concentrated sites.The similar phenomena of stress curves simulated based on Garofalo-Arrhenlnus model and Anand equations is confirmed,and the creep strain value of Sn3.5Ag soldered joints is lower than that of Sn37Pb soldered joints. Thermal cycling results show that Sn3.5Ag strongly outperforms Sn37Pb for QFP devices under the studied test condition.This is well matched with the experimental outcome analyzed.In addition,the soldered devices were tested by micro-joints tester,the tensile strength of Sn3.5Ag soldered joints is found to be higher than that of Sn37Pb soldered joints.By analyzing the fracture microstructure of soldered joints,it is found that fracture mechanism of Sn3.5Ag soldered joints is toughness fracture, while fracture mechanism of Sn37Pb soldered joints includes brittle fracture and toughness fracture. The results of this study provide an important basis of understanding the mechanical properties of fine pitch devices with traditional Sn37Pb and Sn3.5Ag lead-free soldered joints.
文摘A unit cell model is applied to study the creep damage behavior after fiber fractures in the fiber-reinforced composites at high temperature. The user subroutine CREEP has been programmed for ABAQUS. The fiber breakage results in a new crack. The results show that the stress concentration factor resulted from the fiber breakage increases with the creep time. The creep damage takes place near the crack, and then grows in the matrix along a certain angle, up to the total failure. The influences of the ratio of modulus of the fiber to the matrix (Ef/Em) on the creep deformation, damage and stress distributions have been studied. With the increasing Ef /Em, the damage in the matrix increases. Analysis on the different ductility of matrix shows that the creep damage of low ductile matrix composites is higher than high ductile matrix composites.
基金The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China the LNM of Institute of Mechanics,CAS
文摘Creep damage at crack tip in short fibre composites has been sim-ulated by using the finite element method(FEM).The well-known Schapery non-linear viscoelastic constitutive relationship was used to characterize time-dependentbehaviour of the material.A modified recurrence equation was adopted to acceleratethe iteration.Kachanov-Rabotnov’s damage evolution law was employed.The growthof the damage zone with time around the crack tip was calculated and the resultswere shown with the so-called "digit photo",which was produced by the printer.
基金the funding provided by the Irish Research Council(IRC) for the research into stone column behaviour in creep-prone soilspart of CREEP(Creep of Geomaterials,PIAP-GA-2011-286397) project supported by the European Community through the programme Marie Curie Industry-Academia Partnerships and Pathways(IAPP) under the 7th Framework ProgrammeThe support from the BIG(Better Interaction in Geotechnics) project from the Swedish Transport Administration
文摘The recently developed elasto-viscoplastic Creep-SCLAYIS model has been used in conjunction with PLAXIS 2D to investigate the effectiveness of vibro-replacement in a creep-prone clay.The CreepSCLAYIS model accounts for anisotropy,bonding,and destructuration,and uses the concept of a constant rate of viscoplastic multiplier to calculate creep strain rate.A comparison of settlement improvement factors with and without creep indicates that 'total' settlement improvement factors(primary plus creep) are lower than their 'primary' counterparts(primary settlement only).The lowest settlement improvement factors arise for analyses incorporating the effect of bonding and destructuration.Examination of the variations of vertical stress with time and depth has indicated that vertical stress is transferred from the soil to the column as the soil creeps.This results in additional column yielding.In addition,the radial and hoop stresses in the soil are lower for the 'creep' case.The reduced radial stresses lead to additional column bulging and hence more settlement,whereas the hoop stress reductions appear to be a secondary effect,caused by additional plastic deformation for the 'creep' case.
基金Project(2008047B) supported by the Funds for Youth of Control South University of Forestry and Technology
文摘The effect of concrete creep on the pre-camber of a long-span pre-stressed concrete continuous rigid-frame bridge constructed by cantilever casting method was investigated.The difference of creep coefficients calculated with two Chinese codes was discussed.Based on the calculations,the pre-camber of a pre-stressed concrete continuous rigid-frame box bridge was computed for construction control purpose.The results show that the short-term creep coefficient and long-term creep coefficient calculated with the CC-1985 are larger than those calculated with the CC-2004,while the medium-term creep coefficient calculated with the CC-1985 is smaller than that calculated with the CC-2004.The difference of creep deformation calculated with these two codes is small,and the influences of concrete creep on the pre-camber for most of the segments are negligible.The deflections and stresses of the box girder measured during the construction stages agree very well with the predictions.
文摘Applicability of the following creep constitutive equations was investigated for normal type creep curves of Ni-18.5Cr alloy and tertiary creep dominant curves of Ni-18.5Cr16W alloy under constant load: the θ projection method describing a creep curse by a sum of two exponential terms, modified θ method describing a primary creep stage by an exponential term and a tertiary creep stage by a logarithmic term, modified Ω method describing a creep curve by a sum of two logarithmic term, 2θ method with only a tertiary creep component and Ω method. The θ, modified θ and modified Ω methods can describe normal type and tertiary creep dominant curves. Tertiary creep dominant curves of Ni-18.5Cr-16W alloy at 900℃ are also described using 2θ and Ω methods. Applicability of the modified θ and modified Ω methods is superior for constant load creep curves because they can predict creep curves up to rupture and rupture life accurately and conservatively.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51378006)the Huoyingdong Foundation of China(No.141076)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2242015R30027)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20161421 and BK20140109)
文摘The high-temperature creep behavior of asphalt mixture was investigated based on micromechanical modeling and virtual test by using three-dimensional discrete element method(DEM). A user-defined micromechanical model of asphalt mixture was established after analyzing the irregular shape and gradation of coarse aggregates, the viscoelastic property of asphalt mastic, and the random distribution of air voids within the asphalt mixture. Virtual uniaxial static creep test at 60 ℃ was conducted by using Particle Flow Code in three dimensions(PFC3D) and was validated by laboratory test. Based on virtual creep test, the micromechanical characteristics between aggregates, within asphalt mastic, and between aggregate and asphalt mastic were analyzed for the asphalt mixture. It is proved that the virtual test based on the micromechanical model can efficiently predict the creep deformation of asphalt mixture. And the high-temperature behavior of asphalt mixture was characterized from micromechanical perspective.
基金funded by Science Commission Fund of Chongqing(Grant No.cstc2016jcyj A0123)Open Fund of Key Laboratory of regulation technology for inlandwaterway in transportation industry of Chongqing Jiaotong University (Grant No. NHHD-201506)
文摘The distribution of saturated soft clay is greatly wide in China. The current main measures adopted to deal with soft soil foundations may lead to environmental pollution, even some engineering accidents may happen on soft soil foundations. In order to solve engineering problems of saturated soft soil foundations well, researches of mechanical properties of them are necessary. One of the most important mechanical characteristics of saturated soft clay is its cyclic accumulative deformation under cyclic loadings. For saturated soft clay, the cyclic accumulative deformation is similar to the creep behavior under static loadings. Therefore, the cyclic accumulative deformation is equivalent to the creep, the number of loading cycles is seen as the time, and this study develops a practical method for predicting the cyclic accumulative deformation of saturated soft clay with the creep theory. The method is a pseudostatic elasto-plastic finite element method implemented by ABAQUS software. A fitted equation between cyclic accumulative strain and number of loading cycles and the empirical relationship of parameters of fitted equation were established with aseries of cyclic triaxial compression tests. Then with this empirical relationship of parameters, the method developed by this study was employed to predict the cyclic accumulative deformation under cyclic triaxial tension tests. Predicted results were in good agreement with test results, and the effectiveness of this method was thus validated for different stress states. The method was then applied in analyzing the cyclic accumulative deformation for soft soil foundation of a pile-supported wharf structure.
文摘The aim of the paper is to discover the general creep mechanisms for the short fiber reinforcement matrix composites (MMCs) under uniaxial stress states and to build a relationship between the macroscopic steady creep behavior and the material micro geometric parameters. The unit cell models were used to calculate the macroscopic creep behavior with different micro geometric parameters of fibers on different loading directions. The influence of the geometric parameters of the fibers and loading directions on the macroscopic creep behavior had been obtained, and described quantitatively. The matrix/fiber interface had been considered by a third layer, matrix/fiber interlayer, in the unit cells with different creep properties and thickness. Based on the numerical results of the unit cell models, a statistic model had been presented for the plane randomly-distributed-fiber MMCs. The fiber breakage had been taken into account in the statistic model for it starts experimentally early in the creep life. With the distribution of the geometric parameters of the fibers, the results of the statistic model agree well with the experiments. With the statistic model, the influence of the geometric parameters and the breakage of the fibers as well as the properties and thickness of the interlayer on the macroscopic steady creep rate have been discussed.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFB0309700)
文摘The fabric clip is an important component in textile machine. The creep deformation on the clip body hole at high temperature acted on different pulling forces during a period of6 240 h was researched by using ABAQUS software. The NortonBailey's with time hardening constitutive equation was used to simulate the creep deformation on the clip body hole made of A380 aluminum alloy at high temperature, and the simulation results showed that for different pulling forces,the creep deformation on the clip body hole increased with an increase in the pulling force.Then,the experimental dimensional changes test was performed on three different specimens of the clip body hole at different service time( 1 200 h,4 800 h,6 240 h) by using a Global Performance test machine. A comparison between the finite element method( FEM)and the experimental results show a good correlation. The simulation results also indicate that the creep deformation on the clip body hole has an important effect on the relaxation of the blade clamping fastness which leads to fabric clip failure.
