What type of entrepreneurial spirit is needed for China’s new era,and how can we unlock its innovation potential?Answers to these questions will unleash vital forces to drive China’s high-quality economic developmen...What type of entrepreneurial spirit is needed for China’s new era,and how can we unlock its innovation potential?Answers to these questions will unleash vital forces to drive China’s high-quality economic development.After reviewing the theories,dimensions,features,and limitations of the entrepreneurial spirit in the Western context,we concluded that the entrepreneurial spirit in China’s new era,which is characterized by patriotism,innovation,trustworthiness,adherence to the law,fulfillment of social responsibilities,and a global horizon,has overcome the limitations that come with self-interested entrepreneurship in the context of Western economics.This is a major step forward in the development of theories on entrepreneurial spirit.In the development context of the new era,this paper argues that the entrepreneurial spirit should become an important force at the individual level to implement the new development concept,foster the new development paradigm,and promote high-quality development in the new stage.This paper provides answers to the question of what type of entrepreneurial spirit China’s new era requires.Finally,this paper presents basic strategies for cultivating entrepreneurial spirit in the context of China’s new era,emphasizing the importance to promote the healthy growth of young entrepreneurs,ensure their business autonomy,develop a multi-tiered capital market,implement the factor market reforms,improve the business climate,and accelerate the digital transition.展开更多
BACKGROUND The frequent suboptimal efficacy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy(EUS-FNB)to culture pancreatic cancer(PC)organoids(PCOs)poses a major challenge in the advancement of personalized medicine...BACKGROUND The frequent suboptimal efficacy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy(EUS-FNB)to culture pancreatic cancer(PC)organoids(PCOs)poses a major challenge in the advancement of personalized medicine for advanced PC.AIM To explore how to obtain appropriate puncture tissues from EUS-FNB and optimize the strategy for efficiently constructing PCOs,providing an efficient tool for the advancement of personalized medicine.METHODS Patients who underwent EUS-FNB for the diagnosis of PC tissue were prospectively enrolled.We refined the endoscopic biopsy procedures and organoid cultivation techniques.All tissue specimens verified by on-site pathological assessment were cultured in a semi-suspended medium in a microfluidic environment.We assessed differences in PCOs cultured beyond and below five generations examining patient demographics,specimen and organoid attributes,and the sensitivity of organoids to a panel of clinical drugs through cell viability assays.RESULTS In this study,16 patients with PC were recruited,one sample was excluded because onsite cytopathology showed no tumor cells.Successful organoid generation occurred in 93.3%(14 of 15)of the EUS-FNB specimens,with 60%(9 of 15)sustaining over five generations.Among these patients,those with a history of diabetes,familial cancer,or larger tumors exhibited enhanced PCO expandability.The key factors influencing longterm PCOs expansion included initial needle sample quality(P=0.005),rapid initiation of organoid culture postisolation(P≤0.001),and high organoid activity(P=0.031).Drug sensitivity analysis revealed a partial response in two patients following therapeutic intervention and surgery and stable disease in four patients,indicating a moderate correlation between organoid response and clinical outcomes.CONCLUSION Optimal initial needle sampling,rapid and precise biopsy sample processing,process isolated samples as soon as possible,and sufficient cellular material are crucial for successful cultivating PCOs.High organoid activity is an important factor in maintaining their long-term expansion,which is essential for shortening the time of drug sensitivity analysis and is the basis of PC research.展开更多
Transitions of normal universities in our country are inexorable trends with the development of the times. In this process, normal universities should actively reform models of talents cultivation, establish teachers...Transitions of normal universities in our country are inexorable trends with the development of the times. In this process, normal universities should actively reform models of talents cultivation, establish teachers＇ profession with distinguishing features, construct new strategies of talents cultivation so as to improve all-round capacities of normal universities in running schools.展开更多
The main purpose of the implementation of the three-education reform concept is to improve the teaching quality and talent training level of higher vocational colleges.Through the reform,one can promote the optimizati...The main purpose of the implementation of the three-education reform concept is to improve the teaching quality and talent training level of higher vocational colleges.Through the reform,one can promote the optimization of teaching methods,provide more space for student’s self-development,and improve the quality of talent training.Building materials in higher vocational colleges are a high requirement for practical ability,which emphasizes the cultivation of students’practical ability.Under the three-education reform concept,the traditional teaching mode should be replaced to provide more practical opportunities for students,in return give more attention to the development of students’practical ability.This paper mainly explores the current situation and training strategies in building material professionals in higher vocational colleges under the reform of the three education systems for a reference.展开更多
Honesty is one of the most important moral qualities of a person,and therefore,integrity education is also a crucial aspect of quality education in China’s curriculum reform.However,the current effectiveness of integ...Honesty is one of the most important moral qualities of a person,and therefore,integrity education is also a crucial aspect of quality education in China’s curriculum reform.However,the current effectiveness of integrity education is not prominent,and many students still face issues of insufficient creditworthiness in their daily lives.Since schools and families are key links in primary school moral education on credit,moral education on credit in primary schools should be constantly innovated ideologically,exploring new educational channels and actively promoting collaboration with families to effectively fulfill its functions of nurturing students’personality and enhancing their healthy growth.展开更多
To concentrate on cultivating prefabricated construction talents for architectural design majors in vocational colleges in China,we should adhere to the basic principles of professional coordinated development and int...To concentrate on cultivating prefabricated construction talents for architectural design majors in vocational colleges in China,we should adhere to the basic principles of professional coordinated development and integration of production,teaching,and research to determine the teaching objectives and contents,set up a double-teacher teaching team,and provide sufficient resources and funds.Specifically,it is necessary to optimize the curriculum system with the guidance of professional groups,create teaching situations with information platforms,introduce Building Information Modeling(BIM)technology to connect with the actual situation,adhere to the combination of education and training to improve the practice mechanism of school-enterprise cooperation,deepen the integration pattern of post-course certificate competition,and follow the ideological and political teaching route of professional course to realize the comprehensive improvement of students’knowledge,skills,and professional quality.展开更多
The enhancement of students'independent learning acumen is a cornerstone objective within college English education.Elevating students'proficiency in independent learning necessitates a thorough understanding ...The enhancement of students'independent learning acumen is a cornerstone objective within college English education.Elevating students'proficiency in independent learning necessitates a thorough understanding of its significance and the implementation of effective cultivation strategies.By fostering an environment conducive to independent learning and imparting essential skills,students can proficiently navigate autonomous learning endeavors,thereby preparing themselves for a lifetime of scholarly pursuits.This paper delves into the multifaceted dimensions of independent learning,elucidates pertinent cultivation strategies,and underscores the imperative of equipping students with the tools necessary for lifelong learning and academic success.Through this comprehensive approach,students can develop the resilience and adaptability needed to excel in their academic endeavors and beyond.展开更多
Thraustochytrids are a group of unicellular marine heterotrophic protists,and have long been known for their biotechnological potentials in producing squalene,polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs)and other bioactive prod...Thraustochytrids are a group of unicellular marine heterotrophic protists,and have long been known for their biotechnological potentials in producing squalene,polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs)and other bioactive products.There are less than a hundred known strains from diverse marine habitats.Therefore,the discovery of new strains from natural environments is still one of the major limitations for fully exploring this interesting group of marine protists.At present,numerous attempts have been made to study thraustochytrids,mainly focusing on isolating new strains,analyzing the diversity in specific marine habitats,and increasing the yield of bioactive substances.There is a lack of a systematic study of the culturable diversity,and cultivation strategies.This paper reviews the distribution and diversity of culturable thraustochytrids from a range of marine environments,and describes in detail the most commonly used isolation methods and the control of culture parameters.Furthermore,the perspective approaches of isolation and cultivation for the discovery of new strains are discussed.Finally,the future directions of novel marine thraustochytrid research are proposed.The ultimate goal is to promote the awareness of biotechnological potentials of culturable thraustochytrid strains in industrial and biomedical applications.展开更多
A phase-feeding strategy of nutrients based on requirements of Chlorella vulgaris in different physiological phases was examined to maximize the biomass and lipid productivity.This strategy includes reduction of durat...A phase-feeding strategy of nutrients based on requirements of Chlorella vulgaris in different physiological phases was examined to maximize the biomass and lipid productivity.This strategy includes reduction of duration in adaption phase(stage-I),enhancement of biomass in growth phase(stage-II)and improvement of lipid productivity in stationary phase(stage-III).The duration of microalgae in adaption phase was reduced from 52 h to 34 h at nitrogen and phosphorus feeding rates of 5.11 mg/(L·d)and 0.54 mg/(L·d),whereas the maximum biomass concentration during growth phase was improved to(4.03±0.25)g/L at nitrogen and phosphorus feeding rates of 20.04 mg/(L·d)and 4.21 mg/(L·d).In stationary and decline phases,a maximum lipid productivity of 132.30 mg/(L·d)was achieved when nutrients supply was stopped at 128 h,which was 28.86 mg/(L·d)higher than that when nutrients supply was stopped at 104 h.This multi-phase cultivation could be a promising strategy for simultaneous enhancement of microalgae biomass and lipid productivity.展开更多
基金supported by the General Project of the National Social Science Fund of China(NSSFC)(Grant No.23BJY049)the General Project of Philosophical and Social Planning for Gansu Province(Grant No.2022YB007)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.21lzujbkydx028)National Statistical Science Research Key project(Grant No.2024LZ013).
文摘What type of entrepreneurial spirit is needed for China’s new era,and how can we unlock its innovation potential?Answers to these questions will unleash vital forces to drive China’s high-quality economic development.After reviewing the theories,dimensions,features,and limitations of the entrepreneurial spirit in the Western context,we concluded that the entrepreneurial spirit in China’s new era,which is characterized by patriotism,innovation,trustworthiness,adherence to the law,fulfillment of social responsibilities,and a global horizon,has overcome the limitations that come with self-interested entrepreneurship in the context of Western economics.This is a major step forward in the development of theories on entrepreneurial spirit.In the development context of the new era,this paper argues that the entrepreneurial spirit should become an important force at the individual level to implement the new development concept,foster the new development paradigm,and promote high-quality development in the new stage.This paper provides answers to the question of what type of entrepreneurial spirit China’s new era requires.Finally,this paper presents basic strategies for cultivating entrepreneurial spirit in the context of China’s new era,emphasizing the importance to promote the healthy growth of young entrepreneurs,ensure their business autonomy,develop a multi-tiered capital market,implement the factor market reforms,improve the business climate,and accelerate the digital transition.
基金the Chongqing Talent Plan“Contract System”Project,No.cstc2022ycjh-bgzxm0137Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,No.CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0003the Ethics Committee of Chongqing General Hospital.The ethics review number:No.KY S2022-045-01.
文摘BACKGROUND The frequent suboptimal efficacy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy(EUS-FNB)to culture pancreatic cancer(PC)organoids(PCOs)poses a major challenge in the advancement of personalized medicine for advanced PC.AIM To explore how to obtain appropriate puncture tissues from EUS-FNB and optimize the strategy for efficiently constructing PCOs,providing an efficient tool for the advancement of personalized medicine.METHODS Patients who underwent EUS-FNB for the diagnosis of PC tissue were prospectively enrolled.We refined the endoscopic biopsy procedures and organoid cultivation techniques.All tissue specimens verified by on-site pathological assessment were cultured in a semi-suspended medium in a microfluidic environment.We assessed differences in PCOs cultured beyond and below five generations examining patient demographics,specimen and organoid attributes,and the sensitivity of organoids to a panel of clinical drugs through cell viability assays.RESULTS In this study,16 patients with PC were recruited,one sample was excluded because onsite cytopathology showed no tumor cells.Successful organoid generation occurred in 93.3%(14 of 15)of the EUS-FNB specimens,with 60%(9 of 15)sustaining over five generations.Among these patients,those with a history of diabetes,familial cancer,or larger tumors exhibited enhanced PCO expandability.The key factors influencing longterm PCOs expansion included initial needle sample quality(P=0.005),rapid initiation of organoid culture postisolation(P≤0.001),and high organoid activity(P=0.031).Drug sensitivity analysis revealed a partial response in two patients following therapeutic intervention and surgery and stable disease in four patients,indicating a moderate correlation between organoid response and clinical outcomes.CONCLUSION Optimal initial needle sampling,rapid and precise biopsy sample processing,process isolated samples as soon as possible,and sufficient cellular material are crucial for successful cultivating PCOs.High organoid activity is an important factor in maintaining their long-term expansion,which is essential for shortening the time of drug sensitivity analysis and is the basis of PC research.
文摘Transitions of normal universities in our country are inexorable trends with the development of the times. In this process, normal universities should actively reform models of talents cultivation, establish teachers＇ profession with distinguishing features, construct new strategies of talents cultivation so as to improve all-round capacities of normal universities in running schools.
文摘The main purpose of the implementation of the three-education reform concept is to improve the teaching quality and talent training level of higher vocational colleges.Through the reform,one can promote the optimization of teaching methods,provide more space for student’s self-development,and improve the quality of talent training.Building materials in higher vocational colleges are a high requirement for practical ability,which emphasizes the cultivation of students’practical ability.Under the three-education reform concept,the traditional teaching mode should be replaced to provide more practical opportunities for students,in return give more attention to the development of students’practical ability.This paper mainly explores the current situation and training strategies in building material professionals in higher vocational colleges under the reform of the three education systems for a reference.
文摘Honesty is one of the most important moral qualities of a person,and therefore,integrity education is also a crucial aspect of quality education in China’s curriculum reform.However,the current effectiveness of integrity education is not prominent,and many students still face issues of insufficient creditworthiness in their daily lives.Since schools and families are key links in primary school moral education on credit,moral education on credit in primary schools should be constantly innovated ideologically,exploring new educational channels and actively promoting collaboration with families to effectively fulfill its functions of nurturing students’personality and enhancing their healthy growth.
基金Chongqing Education Science Planning Topic:Chongqing Education Science“14th Five-Year Plan”2023 General Topic-Research on the Integration Path of Higher Vocational Education and General Education from the Perspective of Type Education(Project number:K23YG3150259)。
文摘To concentrate on cultivating prefabricated construction talents for architectural design majors in vocational colleges in China,we should adhere to the basic principles of professional coordinated development and integration of production,teaching,and research to determine the teaching objectives and contents,set up a double-teacher teaching team,and provide sufficient resources and funds.Specifically,it is necessary to optimize the curriculum system with the guidance of professional groups,create teaching situations with information platforms,introduce Building Information Modeling(BIM)technology to connect with the actual situation,adhere to the combination of education and training to improve the practice mechanism of school-enterprise cooperation,deepen the integration pattern of post-course certificate competition,and follow the ideological and political teaching route of professional course to realize the comprehensive improvement of students’knowledge,skills,and professional quality.
文摘The enhancement of students'independent learning acumen is a cornerstone objective within college English education.Elevating students'proficiency in independent learning necessitates a thorough understanding of its significance and the implementation of effective cultivation strategies.By fostering an environment conducive to independent learning and imparting essential skills,students can proficiently navigate autonomous learning endeavors,thereby preparing themselves for a lifetime of scholarly pursuits.This paper delves into the multifaceted dimensions of independent learning,elucidates pertinent cultivation strategies,and underscores the imperative of equipping students with the tools necessary for lifelong learning and academic success.Through this comprehensive approach,students can develop the resilience and adaptability needed to excel in their academic endeavors and beyond.
基金This work was partially supported by National Science Foundation of China[91751115(GW)and 31670044(GW)]Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province[D2019204215(QW)].The views expressed herein are those of the authors,and do not represent the views of the funding agencies or any of its subagencies.
文摘Thraustochytrids are a group of unicellular marine heterotrophic protists,and have long been known for their biotechnological potentials in producing squalene,polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs)and other bioactive products.There are less than a hundred known strains from diverse marine habitats.Therefore,the discovery of new strains from natural environments is still one of the major limitations for fully exploring this interesting group of marine protists.At present,numerous attempts have been made to study thraustochytrids,mainly focusing on isolating new strains,analyzing the diversity in specific marine habitats,and increasing the yield of bioactive substances.There is a lack of a systematic study of the culturable diversity,and cultivation strategies.This paper reviews the distribution and diversity of culturable thraustochytrids from a range of marine environments,and describes in detail the most commonly used isolation methods and the control of culture parameters.Furthermore,the perspective approaches of isolation and cultivation for the discovery of new strains are discussed.Finally,the future directions of novel marine thraustochytrid research are proposed.The ultimate goal is to promote the awareness of biotechnological potentials of culturable thraustochytrid strains in industrial and biomedical applications.
基金the State Key Program of National Natural Science of China(No.51136007)the International Cooperation and Exchange of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51561145013)+3 种基金the National Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China(No.51606020)the National Key Research and Development Program,China(2016YFB0601002)the Postdoctoral Scientific Research Project of Chongqing,China(Xm2015070)the National Natural Science Funds for Young Scholar(51506017).
文摘A phase-feeding strategy of nutrients based on requirements of Chlorella vulgaris in different physiological phases was examined to maximize the biomass and lipid productivity.This strategy includes reduction of duration in adaption phase(stage-I),enhancement of biomass in growth phase(stage-II)and improvement of lipid productivity in stationary phase(stage-III).The duration of microalgae in adaption phase was reduced from 52 h to 34 h at nitrogen and phosphorus feeding rates of 5.11 mg/(L·d)and 0.54 mg/(L·d),whereas the maximum biomass concentration during growth phase was improved to(4.03±0.25)g/L at nitrogen and phosphorus feeding rates of 20.04 mg/(L·d)and 4.21 mg/(L·d).In stationary and decline phases,a maximum lipid productivity of 132.30 mg/(L·d)was achieved when nutrients supply was stopped at 128 h,which was 28.86 mg/(L·d)higher than that when nutrients supply was stopped at 104 h.This multi-phase cultivation could be a promising strategy for simultaneous enhancement of microalgae biomass and lipid productivity.
