Colonoscopy is considered to be the most effective tool for reducing colorectal cancer(CRC) morbidity and mortality. As a result, certifying trainee competence in the performance of colonoscopy is critical to maximizi...Colonoscopy is considered to be the most effective tool for reducing colorectal cancer(CRC) morbidity and mortality. As a result, certifying trainee competence in the performance of colonoscopy is critical to maximizing CRC screening and prevention efforts. Guidelines on training and accreditation around the world have been revised to emphasize the attainment of milestones in the technical and cognitive skills necessary to perform the procedure. To meet this challenge, new evaluation systems have been developed to measure trainee competence through all aspects of colonoscopy training. These changes stem from increased recognition that procedural numbers alone do not necessarily guarantee trainees' proficiency in the performance of colonoscopy. Variability in endoscopic practice and in CRC screening outcomes also point to deficiencies in the current approach towards colonoscopy instruction. However, technological innovations hold great promise in training endoscopists to perform high quality colonoscopy. Furthermore, potential advances in the use of feedback as a training tool provide new avenues for research. This review summarizes the latest evidence on the effort to define, evaluate and promote the achievement of competence in colonoscopy among trainees.展开更多
This paper analyzes the current situation of industrial land supply,use and structure and industry pattern in Chizhou Economic and Technological Development Zone,and selects 83 typical enterprises which can reflect th...This paper analyzes the current situation of industrial land supply,use and structure and industry pattern in Chizhou Economic and Technological Development Zone,and selects 83 typical enterprises which can reflect the comprehensive industrial land utilization within this zone and the problems in economical and intensive utilization,to carry out the evaluation of economical and intensive utilization of industrial land. Based on the evaluation results,we find the problems in industrial land use and set forth corresponding recommendations in order to provide a reference for the future sustained land use in the development zone.展开更多
A fully differential R-MOSFET-C fourth-order Bessel active lowpass filter employing fully differential operational amplifier,passive resistors,and current-steering MOS transistors as a variable resistor is proposed.T...A fully differential R-MOSFET-C fourth-order Bessel active lowpass filter employing fully differential operational amplifier,passive resistors,and current-steering MOS transistors as a variable resistor is proposed.This proposed implementation relies on the tunability of current-steering MOS transistors operating in the triode region counteracting the concert deviation of resistor in the integrated circuit manufacturing technology in orde r that the group delay of Bessel active filter could be designed accurately.The amplifier is not only with voltage common-mode negative feedback,but also with current common-mode negative feedback,which will benefit for the stability of its D C operating point.0.75μs group delay fourth-order Bessel lowpass filter,whic h is synthesized according to passive doubly terminated RLC prototype lowpass filter,demonstrates better than -65dB THD using 100kHz,2.5V pp signal in Taiwan UMC 2P2M(2-poly,2-metal)5.0V,0.5μm CMOS technology.展开更多
文摘Colonoscopy is considered to be the most effective tool for reducing colorectal cancer(CRC) morbidity and mortality. As a result, certifying trainee competence in the performance of colonoscopy is critical to maximizing CRC screening and prevention efforts. Guidelines on training and accreditation around the world have been revised to emphasize the attainment of milestones in the technical and cognitive skills necessary to perform the procedure. To meet this challenge, new evaluation systems have been developed to measure trainee competence through all aspects of colonoscopy training. These changes stem from increased recognition that procedural numbers alone do not necessarily guarantee trainees' proficiency in the performance of colonoscopy. Variability in endoscopic practice and in CRC screening outcomes also point to deficiencies in the current approach towards colonoscopy instruction. However, technological innovations hold great promise in training endoscopists to perform high quality colonoscopy. Furthermore, potential advances in the use of feedback as a training tool provide new avenues for research. This review summarizes the latest evidence on the effort to define, evaluate and promote the achievement of competence in colonoscopy among trainees.
基金Supported by Special Research Fund for Nonprofit Industry,the Ministry of Land and Resources(201111010-03)
文摘This paper analyzes the current situation of industrial land supply,use and structure and industry pattern in Chizhou Economic and Technological Development Zone,and selects 83 typical enterprises which can reflect the comprehensive industrial land utilization within this zone and the problems in economical and intensive utilization,to carry out the evaluation of economical and intensive utilization of industrial land. Based on the evaluation results,we find the problems in industrial land use and set forth corresponding recommendations in order to provide a reference for the future sustained land use in the development zone.
文摘A fully differential R-MOSFET-C fourth-order Bessel active lowpass filter employing fully differential operational amplifier,passive resistors,and current-steering MOS transistors as a variable resistor is proposed.This proposed implementation relies on the tunability of current-steering MOS transistors operating in the triode region counteracting the concert deviation of resistor in the integrated circuit manufacturing technology in orde r that the group delay of Bessel active filter could be designed accurately.The amplifier is not only with voltage common-mode negative feedback,but also with current common-mode negative feedback,which will benefit for the stability of its D C operating point.0.75μs group delay fourth-order Bessel lowpass filter,whic h is synthesized according to passive doubly terminated RLC prototype lowpass filter,demonstrates better than -65dB THD using 100kHz,2.5V pp signal in Taiwan UMC 2P2M(2-poly,2-metal)5.0V,0.5μm CMOS technology.
