Sinclair is regarded as the father of semantic prosody study,however,the term "semantic prosody" was proposed by another famous linguist——Louw in 1993.From then on,several linguists proposed the definition...Sinclair is regarded as the father of semantic prosody study,however,the term "semantic prosody" was proposed by another famous linguist——Louw in 1993.From then on,several linguists proposed the definitions for this term and thus the features of semantic prosody become progressively clear.展开更多
AIM: To provide appropriate treatment, it is crucial to share the clinical status of pancreas head cancer among multidisciplinary treatment members. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the medical records of 113 pati...AIM: To provide appropriate treatment, it is crucial to share the clinical status of pancreas head cancer among multidisciplinary treatment members. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the medical records of 113 patients who underwent surgery for pancreas head cancer from January 2008 to December 2012 was performed. We developed preoperative defining system of pancreatic head cancer by describing "resectability- tumor location- vascular relationship- adjacent organ involvement- preoperative CA19-9(initial bilirubin level)- vascular anomaly". The oncologic correlations with this reporting system were evaluated.RESULTS: Among 113 patients, there were 75 patients(66.4%) with resectable, 34 patients(30.1%) with borderline resectable, and 4 patients(3.5%) with locally advanced pancreatic cancer. Mean disease-free survival was 24.8 mo(95%CI: 19.6-30.1) with a 5-year diseasefree survival rate of 13.5%. Pretreatment tumor size ≥ 2.4 cm [Exp(B) = 3.608, 95%CI: 1.512-8.609, P = 0.044] and radiologic vascular invasion [Exp(B) = 5.553, 95%CI: 2.269-14.589, P = 0.002] were independent predictive factors for neoadjuvant treatment. Borderline resectability [Exp(B) = 0.222, P = 0.008], pancreatichead cancer involving the pancreatic neck [Exp(B) = 9.461, P = 0.001] and arterial invasion [Exp(B) = 6.208, P = 0.010], and adjusted CA19-9 ≥ 50 [Exp(B) = 1.972 P = 0.019] were identified as prognostic clinical factors to predict tumor recurrence. CONCLUSION: The suggested preoperative defining system can help with designing treatment plans and also predict oncologic outcomes.展开更多
A distinct set of homoeologous cellulose synthase catalytic subunit(CesA) genes are coordinately up-regulated with the onset of secondary wall formation in cotton fiber as shown by quantitative-RT-
The healthcare sector holds valuable and sensitive data.The amount of this data and the need to handle,exchange,and protect it,has been increasing at a fast pace.Due to their nature,software-defined networks(SDNs)are ...The healthcare sector holds valuable and sensitive data.The amount of this data and the need to handle,exchange,and protect it,has been increasing at a fast pace.Due to their nature,software-defined networks(SDNs)are widely used in healthcare systems,as they ensure effective resource utilization,safety,great network management,and monitoring.In this sector,due to the value of thedata,SDNs faceamajor challengeposed byawide range of attacks,such as distributed denial of service(DDoS)and probe attacks.These attacks reduce network performance,causing the degradation of different key performance indicators(KPIs)or,in the worst cases,a network failure which can threaten human lives.This can be significant,especially with the current expansion of portable healthcare that supports mobile and wireless devices for what is called mobile health,or m-health.In this study,we examine the effectiveness of using SDNs for defense against DDoS,as well as their effects on different network KPIs under various scenarios.We propose a threshold-based DDoS classifier(TBDC)technique to classify DDoS attacks in healthcare SDNs,aiming to block traffic considered a hazard in the form of a DDoS attack.We then evaluate the accuracy and performance of the proposed TBDC approach.Our technique shows outstanding performance,increasing the mean throughput by 190.3%,reducing the mean delay by 95%,and reducing packet loss by 99.7%relative to normal,with DDoS attack traffic.展开更多
With the advancements of software defined network(SDN)and network function virtualization(NFV),service function chain(SFC)placement becomes a crucial enabler for flexible resource scheduling in low earth orbit(LEO)sat...With the advancements of software defined network(SDN)and network function virtualization(NFV),service function chain(SFC)placement becomes a crucial enabler for flexible resource scheduling in low earth orbit(LEO)satellite networks.While due to the scarcity of bandwidth resources and dynamic topology of LEO satellites,the static SFC placement schemes may cause performance degradation,resource waste and even service failure.In this paper,we consider migration and establish an online migration model,especially considering the dynamic topology.Given the scarcity of bandwidth resources,the model aims to maximize the total number of accepted SFCs while incurring as little bandwidth cost of SFC transmission and migration as possible.Due to its NP-hardness,we propose a heuristic minimized dynamic SFC migration(MDSM)algorithm that only triggers the migration procedure when new SFCs are rejected.Simulation results demonstrate that MDSM achieves a performance close to the upper bound with lower complexity.展开更多
Software Defined Network(SDN)and Network Function Virtualization(NFV)technology promote several benefits to network operators,including reduced maintenance costs,increased network operational performance,simplified ne...Software Defined Network(SDN)and Network Function Virtualization(NFV)technology promote several benefits to network operators,including reduced maintenance costs,increased network operational performance,simplified network lifecycle,and policies management.Network vulnerabilities try to modify services provided by Network Function Virtualization MANagement and Orchestration(NFV MANO),and malicious attacks in different scenarios disrupt the NFV Orchestrator(NFVO)and Virtualized Infrastructure Manager(VIM)lifecycle management related to network services or individual Virtualized Network Function(VNF).This paper proposes an anomaly detection mechanism that monitors threats in NFV MANO and manages promptly and adaptively to implement and handle security functions in order to enhance the quality of experience for end users.An anomaly detector investigates these identified risks and provides secure network services.It enables virtual network security functions and identifies anomalies in Kubernetes(a cloud-based platform).For training and testing purpose of the proposed approach,an intrusion-containing dataset is used that hold multiple malicious activities like a Smurf,Neptune,Teardrop,Pod,Land,IPsweep,etc.,categorized as Probing(Prob),Denial of Service(DoS),User to Root(U2R),and Remote to User(R2L)attacks.An anomaly detector is anticipated with the capabilities of a Machine Learning(ML)technique,making use of supervised learning techniques like Logistic Regression(LR),Support Vector Machine(SVM),Random Forest(RF),Naïve Bayes(NB),and Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost).The proposed framework has been evaluated by deploying the identified ML algorithm on a Jupyter notebook in Kubeflow to simulate Kubernetes for validation purposes.RF classifier has shown better outcomes(99.90%accuracy)than other classifiers in detecting anomalies/intrusions in the containerized environment.展开更多
This paper presents an efficient and accurate numerical technique based upon the scaled boundary finite element method for the analysis of two-dimensional,linear,second-order,boundary value problems with a domain comp...This paper presents an efficient and accurate numerical technique based upon the scaled boundary finite element method for the analysis of two-dimensional,linear,second-order,boundary value problems with a domain completely described by a circular defining curve.The scaled boundary finite element formulation is established in a general framework allowing single-field and multi-field problems,bounded and unbounded bodies,distributed body source,and.general boundary conditions to be treated in a unified fashion.The conventional polar coordinates together with a properly selected scaling center are utilized to achieve the exact description of the circular defining curve,exact geometry of the domain,and exact spatial differential operators.Standard finite element shape functions are employed in the discretization of both trial and test functions in the circumferential direction and the resulting eigenproblem is solved by a selected efficient algorithm.The computational performance of the implemented procedure is then fully investigated for various scenarios to demonstrate the accuracy in comparison with standard linear elements.展开更多
The scaled boundary finite element method (SBFEM)is applied to the static analysis of two dimensional elasticity problem,boundary value problems domain with the domain completely described by a circular defining curve...The scaled boundary finite element method (SBFEM)is applied to the static analysis of two dimensional elasticity problem,boundary value problems domain with the domain completely described by a circular defining curve. The scaled boundary finite element equations is formulated within a general framework integrating the influence of the distributed body force,general boundary conditions,and bounded and unbounded domain.This paper investigates the possibility of using exact geometry to form the exact description of the circular defining curve and the standard finite element shape function to approximate the defining curve.Three linear elasticity problems are presented to verify the proposed method with the analytical solution.Numerical examples show the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method,and the performance is found to be better than using standard linear element for the approximation defining curve on the scaled boundary method.展开更多
With the continuous expansion of the data center network scale, changing network requirements, and increasing pressure on network bandwidth, the traditional network architecture can no longer meet people’s needs. The...With the continuous expansion of the data center network scale, changing network requirements, and increasing pressure on network bandwidth, the traditional network architecture can no longer meet people’s needs. The development of software defined networks has brought new opportunities and challenges to future networks. The data and control separation characteristics of SDN improve the performance of the entire network. Researchers have integrated SDN architecture into data centers to improve network resource utilization and performance. This paper first introduces the basic concepts of SDN and data center networks. Then it discusses SDN-based load balancing mechanisms for data centers from different perspectives. Finally, it summarizes and looks forward to the study on SDN-based load balancing mechanisms and its development trend.展开更多
Classifying the middle class remains controversial despite its alleged growth China’s cities housed more than 230 million middle-class residents in 2009 or 37 percent of the urban population,according to the 2011 Blu...Classifying the middle class remains controversial despite its alleged growth China’s cities housed more than 230 million middle-class residents in 2009 or 37 percent of the urban population,according to the 2011 Blue Book of Cities in China released on August 3.展开更多
Dialogue of civilizations is a necessity as humanity pursues a shared future Communication and collaboration——the ability to listen, understand, then do something meaningful with the information provided through ope...Dialogue of civilizations is a necessity as humanity pursues a shared future Communication and collaboration——the ability to listen, understand, then do something meaningful with the information provided through openness and exchange——has been fundamental to the growth and development of the individual,societies, and humanity. It still remains.展开更多
White House’s decision to impose prohibitive tariffs on Chinese tires puts Sino-U.S. relations to the test Despite all of the stress points, both real and imagined, Sino-U.S. trade relations have held up remarkably w...White House’s decision to impose prohibitive tariffs on Chinese tires puts Sino-U.S. relations to the test Despite all of the stress points, both real and imagined, Sino-U.S. trade relations have held up remarkably well. Indeed,展开更多
Ascott Intemational is the largest serviced residence operator in the world. Managing the Ascott,Somerset and Citadines brands in over 60 cities across
Ascott International is the largest serviced residence operator in the world. Managing the Ascott, Somerset and Citadines brands in over 50 cities across 23 countries, Ascott International is renowned for its charming...Ascott International is the largest serviced residence operator in the world. Managing the Ascott, Somerset and Citadines brands in over 50 cities across 23 countries, Ascott International is renowned for its charming hospitality and luxurious residence. Each brand has its unique attributes to satisfy the needs of different guests.展开更多
When a community decides to target a planning effort at encourage arts and culture,it is important to understand that'arts and culture'as a term includes many different types of crafts.Today,when one thinks of...When a community decides to target a planning effort at encourage arts and culture,it is important to understand that'arts and culture'as a term includes many different types of crafts.Today,when one thinks of a community with a vibrant arts scene,that no longer means just a street lined with art galleries-it includes musicians and the local music scene they create,chefs,filmmakers,painters,screen-printers.展开更多
The notion of a“responsible China”was first put forward by former U.S. Deputy Secretary of State Robert Zoellick,when he said in an address in September 2005 that he hoped China would be a“stakeholder”with the Uni...The notion of a“responsible China”was first put forward by former U.S. Deputy Secretary of State Robert Zoellick,when he said in an address in September 2005 that he hoped China would be a“stakeholder”with the United States in the current international system and should take its responsibilities in international affairs.American and Western media picked up on the term and now China also refers to itself as a”responsible big nation." Although both sides speak of“responsibility,”they mean different things by it.In the view of Wu Jianmin,President of the International Bureau of Exhibitions and former Chinese Ambassador to France,China's “responsibilities”are mainly in the following areas:展开更多
Frailty is a recession of age-related reserves caused by a variety of causes and is becoming the most important clinical syndrome that affects the health of the elderly.In the elderly,frailty and cognitive dysfunction...Frailty is a recession of age-related reserves caused by a variety of causes and is becoming the most important clinical syndrome that affects the health of the elderly.In the elderly,frailty and cognitive dysfunction often exist,and some people have proposed cognitive frailty.Cognitive frailty is an elderly syndrome that increases the risk of dementia,in the same time,and can independently predict the adverse health outcomes of the patient and affect the quality of the patient's survival.This paper,under the guidance of Walker and Avant method,provides theoretical basis for early recognition and intervention of cognitive weakness in the elderly.展开更多
文摘Sinclair is regarded as the father of semantic prosody study,however,the term "semantic prosody" was proposed by another famous linguist——Louw in 1993.From then on,several linguists proposed the definitions for this term and thus the features of semantic prosody become progressively clear.
文摘AIM: To provide appropriate treatment, it is crucial to share the clinical status of pancreas head cancer among multidisciplinary treatment members. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the medical records of 113 patients who underwent surgery for pancreas head cancer from January 2008 to December 2012 was performed. We developed preoperative defining system of pancreatic head cancer by describing "resectability- tumor location- vascular relationship- adjacent organ involvement- preoperative CA19-9(initial bilirubin level)- vascular anomaly". The oncologic correlations with this reporting system were evaluated.RESULTS: Among 113 patients, there were 75 patients(66.4%) with resectable, 34 patients(30.1%) with borderline resectable, and 4 patients(3.5%) with locally advanced pancreatic cancer. Mean disease-free survival was 24.8 mo(95%CI: 19.6-30.1) with a 5-year diseasefree survival rate of 13.5%. Pretreatment tumor size ≥ 2.4 cm [Exp(B) = 3.608, 95%CI: 1.512-8.609, P = 0.044] and radiologic vascular invasion [Exp(B) = 5.553, 95%CI: 2.269-14.589, P = 0.002] were independent predictive factors for neoadjuvant treatment. Borderline resectability [Exp(B) = 0.222, P = 0.008], pancreatichead cancer involving the pancreatic neck [Exp(B) = 9.461, P = 0.001] and arterial invasion [Exp(B) = 6.208, P = 0.010], and adjusted CA19-9 ≥ 50 [Exp(B) = 1.972 P = 0.019] were identified as prognostic clinical factors to predict tumor recurrence. CONCLUSION: The suggested preoperative defining system can help with designing treatment plans and also predict oncologic outcomes.
文摘A distinct set of homoeologous cellulose synthase catalytic subunit(CesA) genes are coordinately up-regulated with the onset of secondary wall formation in cotton fiber as shown by quantitative-RT-
基金extend their appreciation to Researcher Supporting Project Number(RSPD2023R582)King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘The healthcare sector holds valuable and sensitive data.The amount of this data and the need to handle,exchange,and protect it,has been increasing at a fast pace.Due to their nature,software-defined networks(SDNs)are widely used in healthcare systems,as they ensure effective resource utilization,safety,great network management,and monitoring.In this sector,due to the value of thedata,SDNs faceamajor challengeposed byawide range of attacks,such as distributed denial of service(DDoS)and probe attacks.These attacks reduce network performance,causing the degradation of different key performance indicators(KPIs)or,in the worst cases,a network failure which can threaten human lives.This can be significant,especially with the current expansion of portable healthcare that supports mobile and wireless devices for what is called mobile health,or m-health.In this study,we examine the effectiveness of using SDNs for defense against DDoS,as well as their effects on different network KPIs under various scenarios.We propose a threshold-based DDoS classifier(TBDC)technique to classify DDoS attacks in healthcare SDNs,aiming to block traffic considered a hazard in the form of a DDoS attack.We then evaluate the accuracy and performance of the proposed TBDC approach.Our technique shows outstanding performance,increasing the mean throughput by 190.3%,reducing the mean delay by 95%,and reducing packet loss by 99.7%relative to normal,with DDoS attack traffic.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under grant numbers U22A2007 and 62171010the Open project of Satellite Internet Key Laboratory in 2022(Project 3:Research on Spaceborne Lightweight Core Network and Intelligent Collaboration)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation under grant number L212003.
文摘With the advancements of software defined network(SDN)and network function virtualization(NFV),service function chain(SFC)placement becomes a crucial enabler for flexible resource scheduling in low earth orbit(LEO)satellite networks.While due to the scarcity of bandwidth resources and dynamic topology of LEO satellites,the static SFC placement schemes may cause performance degradation,resource waste and even service failure.In this paper,we consider migration and establish an online migration model,especially considering the dynamic topology.Given the scarcity of bandwidth resources,the model aims to maximize the total number of accepted SFCs while incurring as little bandwidth cost of SFC transmission and migration as possible.Due to its NP-hardness,we propose a heuristic minimized dynamic SFC migration(MDSM)algorithm that only triggers the migration procedure when new SFCs are rejected.Simulation results demonstrate that MDSM achieves a performance close to the upper bound with lower complexity.
基金This work was funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research at Jouf University under Grant Number(DSR2022-RG-0102).
文摘Software Defined Network(SDN)and Network Function Virtualization(NFV)technology promote several benefits to network operators,including reduced maintenance costs,increased network operational performance,simplified network lifecycle,and policies management.Network vulnerabilities try to modify services provided by Network Function Virtualization MANagement and Orchestration(NFV MANO),and malicious attacks in different scenarios disrupt the NFV Orchestrator(NFVO)and Virtualized Infrastructure Manager(VIM)lifecycle management related to network services or individual Virtualized Network Function(VNF).This paper proposes an anomaly detection mechanism that monitors threats in NFV MANO and manages promptly and adaptively to implement and handle security functions in order to enhance the quality of experience for end users.An anomaly detector investigates these identified risks and provides secure network services.It enables virtual network security functions and identifies anomalies in Kubernetes(a cloud-based platform).For training and testing purpose of the proposed approach,an intrusion-containing dataset is used that hold multiple malicious activities like a Smurf,Neptune,Teardrop,Pod,Land,IPsweep,etc.,categorized as Probing(Prob),Denial of Service(DoS),User to Root(U2R),and Remote to User(R2L)attacks.An anomaly detector is anticipated with the capabilities of a Machine Learning(ML)technique,making use of supervised learning techniques like Logistic Regression(LR),Support Vector Machine(SVM),Random Forest(RF),Naïve Bayes(NB),and Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost).The proposed framework has been evaluated by deploying the identified ML algorithm on a Jupyter notebook in Kubeflow to simulate Kubernetes for validation purposes.RF classifier has shown better outcomes(99.90%accuracy)than other classifiers in detecting anomalies/intrusions in the containerized environment.
文摘This paper presents an efficient and accurate numerical technique based upon the scaled boundary finite element method for the analysis of two-dimensional,linear,second-order,boundary value problems with a domain completely described by a circular defining curve.The scaled boundary finite element formulation is established in a general framework allowing single-field and multi-field problems,bounded and unbounded bodies,distributed body source,and.general boundary conditions to be treated in a unified fashion.The conventional polar coordinates together with a properly selected scaling center are utilized to achieve the exact description of the circular defining curve,exact geometry of the domain,and exact spatial differential operators.Standard finite element shape functions are employed in the discretization of both trial and test functions in the circumferential direction and the resulting eigenproblem is solved by a selected efficient algorithm.The computational performance of the implemented procedure is then fully investigated for various scenarios to demonstrate the accuracy in comparison with standard linear elements.
文摘The scaled boundary finite element method (SBFEM)is applied to the static analysis of two dimensional elasticity problem,boundary value problems domain with the domain completely described by a circular defining curve. The scaled boundary finite element equations is formulated within a general framework integrating the influence of the distributed body force,general boundary conditions,and bounded and unbounded domain.This paper investigates the possibility of using exact geometry to form the exact description of the circular defining curve and the standard finite element shape function to approximate the defining curve.Three linear elasticity problems are presented to verify the proposed method with the analytical solution.Numerical examples show the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method,and the performance is found to be better than using standard linear element for the approximation defining curve on the scaled boundary method.
文摘With the continuous expansion of the data center network scale, changing network requirements, and increasing pressure on network bandwidth, the traditional network architecture can no longer meet people’s needs. The development of software defined networks has brought new opportunities and challenges to future networks. The data and control separation characteristics of SDN improve the performance of the entire network. Researchers have integrated SDN architecture into data centers to improve network resource utilization and performance. This paper first introduces the basic concepts of SDN and data center networks. Then it discusses SDN-based load balancing mechanisms for data centers from different perspectives. Finally, it summarizes and looks forward to the study on SDN-based load balancing mechanisms and its development trend.
文摘Classifying the middle class remains controversial despite its alleged growth China’s cities housed more than 230 million middle-class residents in 2009 or 37 percent of the urban population,according to the 2011 Blue Book of Cities in China released on August 3.
文摘Dialogue of civilizations is a necessity as humanity pursues a shared future Communication and collaboration——the ability to listen, understand, then do something meaningful with the information provided through openness and exchange——has been fundamental to the growth and development of the individual,societies, and humanity. It still remains.
文摘White House’s decision to impose prohibitive tariffs on Chinese tires puts Sino-U.S. relations to the test Despite all of the stress points, both real and imagined, Sino-U.S. trade relations have held up remarkably well. Indeed,
文摘Ascott Intemational is the largest serviced residence operator in the world. Managing the Ascott,Somerset and Citadines brands in over 60 cities across
文摘Ascott International is the largest serviced residence operator in the world. Managing the Ascott, Somerset and Citadines brands in over 50 cities across 23 countries, Ascott International is renowned for its charming hospitality and luxurious residence. Each brand has its unique attributes to satisfy the needs of different guests.
文摘When a community decides to target a planning effort at encourage arts and culture,it is important to understand that'arts and culture'as a term includes many different types of crafts.Today,when one thinks of a community with a vibrant arts scene,that no longer means just a street lined with art galleries-it includes musicians and the local music scene they create,chefs,filmmakers,painters,screen-printers.
文摘The notion of a“responsible China”was first put forward by former U.S. Deputy Secretary of State Robert Zoellick,when he said in an address in September 2005 that he hoped China would be a“stakeholder”with the United States in the current international system and should take its responsibilities in international affairs.American and Western media picked up on the term and now China also refers to itself as a”responsible big nation." Although both sides speak of“responsibility,”they mean different things by it.In the view of Wu Jianmin,President of the International Bureau of Exhibitions and former Chinese Ambassador to France,China's “responsibilities”are mainly in the following areas:
文摘Frailty is a recession of age-related reserves caused by a variety of causes and is becoming the most important clinical syndrome that affects the health of the elderly.In the elderly,frailty and cognitive dysfunction often exist,and some people have proposed cognitive frailty.Cognitive frailty is an elderly syndrome that increases the risk of dementia,in the same time,and can independently predict the adverse health outcomes of the patient and affect the quality of the patient's survival.This paper,under the guidance of Walker and Avant method,provides theoretical basis for early recognition and intervention of cognitive weakness in the elderly.
