AIM:To evaluate the correlation between Demodex infestation and keratitis,and to assess demodicosis using a simple approach.METHODS:A modified slit lamp illumination(at 40×magnification)was used to observe Demode...AIM:To evaluate the correlation between Demodex infestation and keratitis,and to assess demodicosis using a simple approach.METHODS:A modified slit lamp illumination(at 40×magnification)was used to observe Demodex tails in 40patients with refractory keratitis and 80 healthy controls.Bacterial smear and culture of the conjunctival sac and corneal lesion were performed to identify the pathogen.Tea tree oil ointment(TTOO)was added as a Demodex killing agent for lid scrubs to the treatment when Demodex infestation was confirmed.RESULTS:Demodex tails were found in all patients compared to 42/80 of the controls(P<0.01).Seventeen patients presented blepharitis,while 23 were free of scales and inflammation at the lid margin.The demodicosis was mild,moderate,and severe in 8,19,and 13 patients,respectively,compared to mild in 42 controls(P<0.01).The keratitis was mild,moderate,and severe in 13,19,and 8patients,respectively.The severity of Demodex infestation was not correlated to the severity of keratitis(P=0.126).The growth of Staphylococcus was revealed in nine patients who did not react to antibiotic eye drops prior to the TTOO treatment.Patients’signs and symptoms got resolved after the lid scrub with TTOO.CONCLUSION:Ocular Demodex needs to be checked and treated in refractory keratitis patients with or without blepharitis.A slit-lamp illumination under high magnification favors the judgment of the severity of Demodex infestation.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the association between ocular demodex folliculorum infestation and ocular surface manifestations in meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD).METHODS: Eight-six patients with MGD were enrolled. All enrolle...AIM: To investigate the association between ocular demodex folliculorum infestation and ocular surface manifestations in meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD).METHODS: Eight-six patients with MGD were enrolled. All enrolled subjects were tested in the following sequence: ocular surface disease index(OSDI), slit-lamp biomicroscope examination, corneal surface regularity index(SRI) and surface asymmetry index(SAI), tear fluid collection, fluorescein tear film break-up time(F-BUT), corneal fluorescein staining(CFS), Schirmer I test(SIT) and demodex folliculorum counting. Tear matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-9 activity was assessed using MMP-9 activity assay kit.RESULTS: Among 86 MGD patients, 40 were positive for demodex. The ocular demodex-positive group showed significantly increased scores of OSDI(25.96±13.74 vs 18.07±11.55, P=0.01), lid margin abnormality(2.38±0.87 vs 1.98±0.91, P=0.04) and CFS(1.28±2.00 vs 0.94±1.36, P=0.01) compared to the ocular demodex-free group. The tear MMP-9 activity was higher in the ocular demodex-positive group(102.9±32.4 ng/mL) than the ocular demodex-free group(46.2±19.2 ng/mL, P=0.03). There was no significant difference in meibum quality and expressibility, SRI, SAI, F-BUT and SIT between the two groups(P>0.05 for each). No significant correlation was noted between the number of demodex and ocular surface parameters in demodexpositive MGD group(P>0.05 for each).CONCLUSION: Ocular demodex folliculorum infestation may be associated with ocular discomfort and ocular surface damage in MGD.展开更多
To observe the clinical changes of meibomian gland dysfunctipn(MGD)and ocular Demodex infestation after intense pulsed light(IPL)treatment to further examine the mechanism of IPL treating patients with MGD and ocular ...To observe the clinical changes of meibomian gland dysfunctipn(MGD)and ocular Demodex infestation after intense pulsed light(IPL)treatment to further examine the mechanism of IPL treating patients with MGD and ocular Demodex infestation.The medical records of 25 patients(49 eyes)with MGD treated with IPL,were retrospectively examined to determine outcomes.Associated ocular-surface parameters(ocular surface disease index,OSD1;lipid layer thickness,LLT;noninvasive first breakup time,NIF-BUT;noninvasive average breakup time,NIAvg?BUT;tear film breakup area,TBUA;Schirmer I Test,SIT;corneal fluorescein staining,CFS),eyelid margin abnormalities,meibum quality and expressibility,MG morphological parameters(macrostructure and microstructure),and the number of Demodex infestation were examined before and after treatment.The MG microstructure and the Demodex infestation were examined via in vivo confocal microscopy(IVCM).The results showed that there were statistically significant differences in associated ocular-surface parameters(all P<0.05)before and after IPL treatment,except SIT(P=0.065).Eyelid margin abnormalities,meibum quality and expressibility obviously improved in upper and lower eyelid after IPL treatment(all P<0.0001).MG macrostructure(MG dropouts)decreased in upper(P=0.002)and lower eyelid(P=0.001)after IPL treatment.The nine parameters of MG microstructure in upper and lower eyelid all distinctly improved after IPL treatment(all P<0.0001).The mean number of Demodex mites on the upper lid margin(6.59±7.16 to 3.12±3.81/9 eyelashes)and lower lid margin(2.55±2.11 to 1.29±1.53/9 eyelashes)significantly reduced after IPL treatment(all P<0.0001).The Demodex eradication rate was 20%(8/40)in upper lid margin and 34.15%(14/41)in lower lid margin.These findings indicate that IPL shows great therapeutic potential for patients of MGD and ocular Demodex infestation.展开更多
AIM:To compare the effect of azithromycin drop and doxycyciine capsule on treatment of posterior blepharitis.METHODS:Fifty patients(100 eyes) with moderate posterior blepharitis,randomly divided into two therapeutic g...AIM:To compare the effect of azithromycin drop and doxycyciine capsule on treatment of posterior blepharitis.METHODS:Fifty patients(100 eyes) with moderate posterior blepharitis,randomly divided into two therapeutic groups;all the patients got warm eyelid compress and massage three times a day for 3wk.In addition the first group got azithromycin 1% drop,twice daily for 1wk and then one drop daily for 2wk.The second group got oral doxycyciine 100 mg daily for 3wk.At the end of the research,patients' signs and symptoms were compared together.ANOVA,Chi-square and MannWhitney tests were used for statistical analysis.RESULTS:Topical therapy with azithromycin and oral therapy with doxycyciine relieved signs and symptoms after 3wk.There were no significant differences between symptoms healing rate and foreign body sensation healing in these two groups(P>0.05).However,azithromycin drop was more effective in reduction of eye redness and doxycyciine was more effective in meibomian glands plugging healing and reducing the corneal staining.CONCLUSION:Topical azithromycin could have similar effects as oral doxycyciine on posterior blepharitis in improving subjective symptoms.However,doxycyciine can reduce objective signs such as ocular surface staining and meibomian gland plugging more than azithromycin.展开更多
Coagulase-negative staphylococcus (C-NS) are regarded asnormal flora of the lids and conjunctiva.The ability of these organisms tocause conjunctivitis and blepharitis can be overlooked or disregarded.Toelucidate the r...Coagulase-negative staphylococcus (C-NS) are regarded asnormal flora of the lids and conjunctiva.The ability of these organisms tocause conjunctivitis and blepharitis can be overlooked or disregarded.Toelucidate the role of individual C-NS species in these eye diseases wecompared Staphylococcus sp.isolated from the conjunctiva and lids of 50healthy volunteers with 248 strains of Staphylococcus isolated frompatients with staphylococcal conjunctivitis or blepharitis.S.epidermidiswas the most frequent spec...展开更多
Purpose: Demodex folliculorum is a transparent mite, 0.3 - 0.4 mm long, which asymptomatically parasitizes the human pilosebaceous follicles. D. folliculorum is observed in normal skin with a prevalence of 100% and a ...Purpose: Demodex folliculorum is a transparent mite, 0.3 - 0.4 mm long, which asymptomatically parasitizes the human pilosebaceous follicles. D. folliculorum is observed in normal skin with a prevalence of 100% and a density of ≤ 5 D/cm2 in the adult population. Materials and Methods: This study evaluated the differences in pH on the five facial sites between the two populations with and without D. folliculorum. The relationship between pH and skin surface oil was analyzed in populations with and without Demodex mites. Mongolian 750 subjects (370 males and 380 females) aged 16 - 84 years, who lived in Ulaanbaatar city, were enrolled in this study. The eligibility criteria included a minimum age of 16 and no physical and dermatologic illness, no cosmetic. Results: Skin surface oil among the five facial areas differed significantly in both subjects with and without Demodex folliculorum (P < 0.001). When the skin surface oil on the T-zone, U-zone was compared, those on the T-zone were significantly higher than those of the U-zone (P < 0.001) in both populations (P< 0.01). The pH levels on the five facial sites, and U-zone, T-zone and MFpH differed significantly in among both subjects with and without Demodex folliculorum (P < 0.001). In both groups, the pH levels of the U-zone were significantly lower than the pH of the T-zone (P Conclusions: Among the five facial sites in subjects with Demodex folliculorum, there were significant negative correlations between skin surface oil and pH on the forehead (p < 0.001, r = 652), cheek (P < 0.001, r = 0.656), nose (P < 0.001, r = 0.754), chin (P < 0.001, r = 0.679), and T-zone (P < 0.001, r = 0.698), MFSE-MFpH (P < 0.001, r = 0.483). In contrast, among the five sites in subjects without Demodex folliculorum, a significant negative correlation between skin surface oil and pH was observed on the forehead (p < 0.001, r = 766), cheek (P < 0.001, r = 0.798), nose (P < 0.001, r = 0.706), chin (P < 0.001, r = 0.823), and T-zone (P < 0.001, r = 0.602), U-zone (P < 0.001, r = -0.550)展开更多
Objective:To explore the clinical effect of Chinese medicine aerosol fumigation on demodex infection related meibomian gland dysfunction.Methods:In this prospective study,60 patients(120 eyes)were selected and randoml...Objective:To explore the clinical effect of Chinese medicine aerosol fumigation on demodex infection related meibomian gland dysfunction.Methods:In this prospective study,60 patients(120 eyes)were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups:the treatment group(30 cases,60 eyes)was treated with Chinese medicine aerosol fumigation and meibomian gland massage,the control group(30 cases,60 eyes)was treated with meibomian gland massage.Observation of Demodex count,symptom scores,break-up time(BUT),Schirmer I test(SIT),meibomian gland secretion function scores and eyelid fat traits scores were used to compare the difference between before and after treatment.Results:There was no significant difference in Demodex count,symptom scores,BUT,SIT,meibomian gland secretion function scores and eyelid fat traits scores between the 2 groups before treatment(P>0.05).After treatment,symptom scores,meibomian gland secretion function scores and eyelid fat traits and Demodex count of the treatment group were significantly reduced(P<0.01).Conclusion:Chinese medicine aerosol fumigation can relieve symptoms of of demodex infection related meibomian gland dysfunctionand reduce the number of ocular Demodex.展开更多
Dear Sir, I am Dr. Jin Jiang, from the Department of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China. I write to present a peculiar case report of Phthiriasis palpebrarum initially misdiagnosed ...Dear Sir, I am Dr. Jin Jiang, from the Department of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China. I write to present a peculiar case report of Phthiriasis palpebrarum initially misdiagnosed as common blepharitis. Phthirus pubis (crab louse) infests mainly the hair of the pubic and inguinal regions,展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82271052,No.82271058,No.U20A20386)the Taishan Scholar Program(No.tspd20150215,No.tsqn201909188)。
文摘AIM:To evaluate the correlation between Demodex infestation and keratitis,and to assess demodicosis using a simple approach.METHODS:A modified slit lamp illumination(at 40×magnification)was used to observe Demodex tails in 40patients with refractory keratitis and 80 healthy controls.Bacterial smear and culture of the conjunctival sac and corneal lesion were performed to identify the pathogen.Tea tree oil ointment(TTOO)was added as a Demodex killing agent for lid scrubs to the treatment when Demodex infestation was confirmed.RESULTS:Demodex tails were found in all patients compared to 42/80 of the controls(P<0.01).Seventeen patients presented blepharitis,while 23 were free of scales and inflammation at the lid margin.The demodicosis was mild,moderate,and severe in 8,19,and 13 patients,respectively,compared to mild in 42 controls(P<0.01).The keratitis was mild,moderate,and severe in 13,19,and 8patients,respectively.The severity of Demodex infestation was not correlated to the severity of keratitis(P=0.126).The growth of Staphylococcus was revealed in nine patients who did not react to antibiotic eye drops prior to the TTOO treatment.Patients’signs and symptoms got resolved after the lid scrub with TTOO.CONCLUSION:Ocular Demodex needs to be checked and treated in refractory keratitis patients with or without blepharitis.A slit-lamp illumination under high magnification favors the judgment of the severity of Demodex infestation.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81500693)
文摘AIM: To investigate the association between ocular demodex folliculorum infestation and ocular surface manifestations in meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD).METHODS: Eight-six patients with MGD were enrolled. All enrolled subjects were tested in the following sequence: ocular surface disease index(OSDI), slit-lamp biomicroscope examination, corneal surface regularity index(SRI) and surface asymmetry index(SAI), tear fluid collection, fluorescein tear film break-up time(F-BUT), corneal fluorescein staining(CFS), Schirmer I test(SIT) and demodex folliculorum counting. Tear matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-9 activity was assessed using MMP-9 activity assay kit.RESULTS: Among 86 MGD patients, 40 were positive for demodex. The ocular demodex-positive group showed significantly increased scores of OSDI(25.96±13.74 vs 18.07±11.55, P=0.01), lid margin abnormality(2.38±0.87 vs 1.98±0.91, P=0.04) and CFS(1.28±2.00 vs 0.94±1.36, P=0.01) compared to the ocular demodex-free group. The tear MMP-9 activity was higher in the ocular demodex-positive group(102.9±32.4 ng/mL) than the ocular demodex-free group(46.2±19.2 ng/mL, P=0.03). There was no significant difference in meibum quality and expressibility, SRI, SAI, F-BUT and SIT between the two groups(P>0.05 for each). No significant correlation was noted between the number of demodex and ocular surface parameters in demodexpositive MGD group(P>0.05 for each).CONCLUSION: Ocular demodex folliculorum infestation may be associated with ocular discomfort and ocular surface damage in MGD.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81670824)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China(No.2016CFB421).
文摘To observe the clinical changes of meibomian gland dysfunctipn(MGD)and ocular Demodex infestation after intense pulsed light(IPL)treatment to further examine the mechanism of IPL treating patients with MGD and ocular Demodex infestation.The medical records of 25 patients(49 eyes)with MGD treated with IPL,were retrospectively examined to determine outcomes.Associated ocular-surface parameters(ocular surface disease index,OSD1;lipid layer thickness,LLT;noninvasive first breakup time,NIF-BUT;noninvasive average breakup time,NIAvg?BUT;tear film breakup area,TBUA;Schirmer I Test,SIT;corneal fluorescein staining,CFS),eyelid margin abnormalities,meibum quality and expressibility,MG morphological parameters(macrostructure and microstructure),and the number of Demodex infestation were examined before and after treatment.The MG microstructure and the Demodex infestation were examined via in vivo confocal microscopy(IVCM).The results showed that there were statistically significant differences in associated ocular-surface parameters(all P<0.05)before and after IPL treatment,except SIT(P=0.065).Eyelid margin abnormalities,meibum quality and expressibility obviously improved in upper and lower eyelid after IPL treatment(all P<0.0001).MG macrostructure(MG dropouts)decreased in upper(P=0.002)and lower eyelid(P=0.001)after IPL treatment.The nine parameters of MG microstructure in upper and lower eyelid all distinctly improved after IPL treatment(all P<0.0001).The mean number of Demodex mites on the upper lid margin(6.59±7.16 to 3.12±3.81/9 eyelashes)and lower lid margin(2.55±2.11 to 1.29±1.53/9 eyelashes)significantly reduced after IPL treatment(all P<0.0001).The Demodex eradication rate was 20%(8/40)in upper lid margin and 34.15%(14/41)in lower lid margin.These findings indicate that IPL shows great therapeutic potential for patients of MGD and ocular Demodex infestation.
文摘AIM:To compare the effect of azithromycin drop and doxycyciine capsule on treatment of posterior blepharitis.METHODS:Fifty patients(100 eyes) with moderate posterior blepharitis,randomly divided into two therapeutic groups;all the patients got warm eyelid compress and massage three times a day for 3wk.In addition the first group got azithromycin 1% drop,twice daily for 1wk and then one drop daily for 2wk.The second group got oral doxycyciine 100 mg daily for 3wk.At the end of the research,patients' signs and symptoms were compared together.ANOVA,Chi-square and MannWhitney tests were used for statistical analysis.RESULTS:Topical therapy with azithromycin and oral therapy with doxycyciine relieved signs and symptoms after 3wk.There were no significant differences between symptoms healing rate and foreign body sensation healing in these two groups(P>0.05).However,azithromycin drop was more effective in reduction of eye redness and doxycyciine was more effective in meibomian glands plugging healing and reducing the corneal staining.CONCLUSION:Topical azithromycin could have similar effects as oral doxycyciine on posterior blepharitis in improving subjective symptoms.However,doxycyciine can reduce objective signs such as ocular surface staining and meibomian gland plugging more than azithromycin.
文摘Coagulase-negative staphylococcus (C-NS) are regarded asnormal flora of the lids and conjunctiva.The ability of these organisms tocause conjunctivitis and blepharitis can be overlooked or disregarded.Toelucidate the role of individual C-NS species in these eye diseases wecompared Staphylococcus sp.isolated from the conjunctiva and lids of 50healthy volunteers with 248 strains of Staphylococcus isolated frompatients with staphylococcal conjunctivitis or blepharitis.S.epidermidiswas the most frequent spec...
文摘Purpose: Demodex folliculorum is a transparent mite, 0.3 - 0.4 mm long, which asymptomatically parasitizes the human pilosebaceous follicles. D. folliculorum is observed in normal skin with a prevalence of 100% and a density of ≤ 5 D/cm2 in the adult population. Materials and Methods: This study evaluated the differences in pH on the five facial sites between the two populations with and without D. folliculorum. The relationship between pH and skin surface oil was analyzed in populations with and without Demodex mites. Mongolian 750 subjects (370 males and 380 females) aged 16 - 84 years, who lived in Ulaanbaatar city, were enrolled in this study. The eligibility criteria included a minimum age of 16 and no physical and dermatologic illness, no cosmetic. Results: Skin surface oil among the five facial areas differed significantly in both subjects with and without Demodex folliculorum (P < 0.001). When the skin surface oil on the T-zone, U-zone was compared, those on the T-zone were significantly higher than those of the U-zone (P < 0.001) in both populations (P< 0.01). The pH levels on the five facial sites, and U-zone, T-zone and MFpH differed significantly in among both subjects with and without Demodex folliculorum (P < 0.001). In both groups, the pH levels of the U-zone were significantly lower than the pH of the T-zone (P Conclusions: Among the five facial sites in subjects with Demodex folliculorum, there were significant negative correlations between skin surface oil and pH on the forehead (p < 0.001, r = 652), cheek (P < 0.001, r = 0.656), nose (P < 0.001, r = 0.754), chin (P < 0.001, r = 0.679), and T-zone (P < 0.001, r = 0.698), MFSE-MFpH (P < 0.001, r = 0.483). In contrast, among the five sites in subjects without Demodex folliculorum, a significant negative correlation between skin surface oil and pH was observed on the forehead (p < 0.001, r = 766), cheek (P < 0.001, r = 0.798), nose (P < 0.001, r = 0.706), chin (P < 0.001, r = 0.823), and T-zone (P < 0.001, r = 0.602), U-zone (P < 0.001, r = -0.550)
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81574029)Jinming National Famous and Old Traditional Chinese Medicine Expert Inheritance Studio,and"Hundreds of Millions"Talent Project(No.Qihuang Project)for Qihuang Scholar of Inheritance and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
文摘Objective:To explore the clinical effect of Chinese medicine aerosol fumigation on demodex infection related meibomian gland dysfunction.Methods:In this prospective study,60 patients(120 eyes)were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups:the treatment group(30 cases,60 eyes)was treated with Chinese medicine aerosol fumigation and meibomian gland massage,the control group(30 cases,60 eyes)was treated with meibomian gland massage.Observation of Demodex count,symptom scores,break-up time(BUT),Schirmer I test(SIT),meibomian gland secretion function scores and eyelid fat traits scores were used to compare the difference between before and after treatment.Results:There was no significant difference in Demodex count,symptom scores,BUT,SIT,meibomian gland secretion function scores and eyelid fat traits scores between the 2 groups before treatment(P>0.05).After treatment,symptom scores,meibomian gland secretion function scores and eyelid fat traits and Demodex count of the treatment group were significantly reduced(P<0.01).Conclusion:Chinese medicine aerosol fumigation can relieve symptoms of of demodex infection related meibomian gland dysfunctionand reduce the number of ocular Demodex.
文摘Dear Sir, I am Dr. Jin Jiang, from the Department of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China. I write to present a peculiar case report of Phthiriasis palpebrarum initially misdiagnosed as common blepharitis. Phthirus pubis (crab louse) infests mainly the hair of the pubic and inguinal regions,
