●AIM:To investigate the long-term changes of corneal densitometry(CD)and its contributing elements after small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE).●METHODS:Totally 31 eyes of 31 patients with mean spherical equival...●AIM:To investigate the long-term changes of corneal densitometry(CD)and its contributing elements after small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE).●METHODS:Totally 31 eyes of 31 patients with mean spherical equivalent of-6.46±1.50 D and mean age 28.23±7.38y were enrolled.Full-scale examinations were conducted on all patients preoperatively and during followup.Visual acuity,manifest refraction,axial length,corneal thickness,corneal higher-order aberrations,and CD were evaluated.●RESULTS:All surgeries were completed successfully without complications or adverse events.Ten-year safety index was 1.17±0.20 and efficacy 1.04±0.28.CD value of 0–6 mm zones in central layer was statistically significantly lower 10y postoperatively,compared with preoperative values(0–2 mmΔ=-1.62,2–6 mmΔ=-1.24,P<0.01).There were no correlations between CD values and factors evaluated.●CONCLUSION:SMILE is a safe and efficient procedure for myopia on a long-term basis.CD values get lower 10y postoperatively,whose mechanism is to be further discussed.展开更多
AIM: To analyze and compare five different variables over one year follow-up(1 wk, 1, 3, 6 and 12 mo): anterior capsule(AC), and posterior capsule(PC) area densitometry values, AC and PC linear densitometry values, an...AIM: To analyze and compare five different variables over one year follow-up(1 wk, 1, 3, 6 and 12 mo): anterior capsule(AC), and posterior capsule(PC) area densitometry values, AC and PC linear densitometry values, and AC opening area reduction ratio after femtosecond laserassisted cataract surgery. METHODS: This was a prospective comparative study. Seventy-one patients underwent femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery on single eye between June 2014 and December 2015. A 5.0 mm diameter laser assisted anterior capsulotomy was performed on all eyes. In every postsurgery evaluation, AC opacificaction(ACO) and PC opacification(PCO) density levels were provided by Oculus Pentacam~?HR using area and linear densitometry methods. Digital images were captured with a slit-lamp Topcon photographic camera and IMAGEnet~? 5 software. The AC opening area on the digital images was measured using the Sketchandcalc area calculator and converted to reduction ratio levels.RESULTS: Using Pearson correlation coefficient(PCC), we found no correlation(r=-0.091, P=0.46) in the twelfth month assessment between the evolution of ACO area densitometry values and PCO area densitometry values considered as independent variables. We found no correlation, using PCC(r=-0.096, P=0.43) between the evolution of ACO linear densitometry values and PCO linear densitometry values, in the twelfth month visit, working both as independent variables. AC linear densitometry levels and AC area densitometry levels continued to grow strongly from sixth to twelfth months. Analysis of the values of AC opening area reduction ratio(1 wk, 1, 3, 6, 12 mo) revealed statistically significant differences between the values of successive examinations but the magnitude of the change decreased. In the final period of monitoring between six and twelve months the magnitude of change was low.CONCLUSION: Our results show strong increases of Scheimpflug ACO densitometry values from the sixth to the twelfth month while capsulorhexis area reduction ratio levels displayed a considerable decrease. We found no correlation between ACO area and linear densitometry values and PCO area and linear densitometry values, in the twelfth month examination, working as independent variables.展开更多
Objectives:To quantify the progression of otosclerosis in the unoperated ear between two stapedotomy procedures for patients with bilateral otosclerosis which can help to determine whether a HRCT scan should be re-per...Objectives:To quantify the progression of otosclerosis in the unoperated ear between two stapedotomy procedures for patients with bilateral otosclerosis which can help to determine whether a HRCT scan should be re-performed before the second surgery for patients who already received HRCT imaging before the initial surgery.Methods:35 patients who underwent bilateral stapedotomy were included.Two rounds of HRCT examination and audiometry were performed at the time of the first surgery and second surgery on the ear that was not operated on during the initial surgery.The relationship between the changes in HRCT densitometry and audiometry over time was analyzed.Results:The second round of HRCT did not add significant information about the changes to the otosclerosis lesions in either the imaging diagnosis or the HRCT density values except for small changes in the HRCT densitometry readings at the area anterior to the inner auditory(P=0.01).While the changes in HRCT manifestation are small,changes near the fissula ante fenestram(FAF)were still positively correlated with the air bone gap(ABG)of patients(p=0.031,r=0.388).Conclusions:The progression of lesions in otosclerosis is slow resulting in small and insignificant changes to the HRCT features.Therefore,a repeat HRCT evaluations prior to surgery is not necessary for patients who have had a previous HRCT evaluation within 2 years of the operation.The small changes in HRCT manifestation near the FAF were still correlated with negative effects on the ABG which could cause worsened hearing thresholds over this timeframe。展开更多
Lipitame is a poly herbal formulation comprised of Terminalia arjuna, Terminalia belerica, Commiphora mukul and Phyllanthus emblica. The formulation is investigated for its analysis evaluation. Biomarkers of three her...Lipitame is a poly herbal formulation comprised of Terminalia arjuna, Terminalia belerica, Commiphora mukul and Phyllanthus emblica. The formulation is investigated for its analysis evaluation. Biomarkers of three herbs such as Terminalia arjuna, Terminalia belerica, and Phyllanthus emblica have been already cited to contain gallic acid, which was qualitatively and quantitatively estimated. In the present study rapid and inexpensive qualification methods for the quality control of Terminalia arjuna, Terminalia belerica, Commiphora mukul and Phyllanthus emblica on thin layer chromatography (TLC) were developed and validated. The solvent system used was toluene:ethyl acetate:formic acid:methanol (12:9:4:0.5). The scanning of plate was performed linearly at 273 nm (absorption) by use of a TLC Scanner III CAMAG with a deuterium source, and the area of spots corresponding to Gallic acid standard was integrated. It was found that gallic acid has been found in the Lipitame tablets on HPTLC densitometry assessment compared with authentic gallic acid reference standard.展开更多
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), men and women older than 50 years present osteoporosis with reduced bone mass, this is one of the major impact morbidities causes in the world. It may be present in th...According to the World Health Organization (WHO), men and women older than 50 years present osteoporosis with reduced bone mass, this is one of the major impact morbidities causes in the world. It may be present in the hip, spine, and wrist. The gold standard technique for osteoporosis diagnosis is the Bone Densitometry (DXA). The evaluation of an electroacoustic device is as an alternative procedure for the validation and diagnosis of osteoporosis. Diagnosis of osteoporosis severity was carried out in 49 females by using the registers of the DEXA’s T-Score values. These were statistically compared with the measurements performed using the electroacoustic device. Non-Significative difference between measurements was found with ANOVA and Chi-square tests and the area for the ROC curve on electroacoustic devices was 0.551. The Bland Altman suggests an excellent concordance between both techniques. This is a non-invasive method that has a proper match with the gold standard. The study suggests that procedure measurements with the electroacoustic device could be implemented as an alternative clinical practice for osteoporosis diagnosis.展开更多
A sensitive and rapid analytical procedure was established to detrmine strychnie alkaloids in diverse biological specimens. Samples were treated with hydrochloric acid to precipitate protein and scanned in thin-layer ...A sensitive and rapid analytical procedure was established to detrmine strychnie alkaloids in diverse biological specimens. Samples were treated with hydrochloric acid to precipitate protein and scanned in thin-layer chromatograpic scanner in zig-zag dual-wavelength reflection mode.Detection sensitivity for strychniue was about 0. 05 μg. Quantification recoveries were between89. 2% and 99. 5% with RSD between 2. 92% and 13. 21 %. The method was applied to investigate thedistribution or strychnine in intoxicated rats. The results showed that there were remarkable difference in organs or tissues with the aigaest concentration 4. 56±1. 41μg/g in liver. Diversification experiment proves the method also could be used to analyze other alkaloids in biological samples if theconditions slightly modified.展开更多
AIM:To compare the corneal backward light scattering values in type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM)patients with those of age and sex-matched healthy controls.METHODS:The study included 30 patients(30 eyes)with type 2 DM and ...AIM:To compare the corneal backward light scattering values in type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM)patients with those of age and sex-matched healthy controls.METHODS:The study included 30 patients(30 eyes)with type 2 DM and 30 control subjects(30 eyes).Duration of diabetes,most recent hemoglobin A1c levels,along with the status of diabetic retinopathy,and existing medical treatment of all subjects were recorded.All subjects underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination.In addition,backward light scattering(densitometry)was measured to assess changes in corneal transparency using tomography(Pentacam HR).RESULTS:The type 2 DM patients included 12 males and 18 females and control subjects included 16 males and 14 females.The age was 50.40±7.80y(range:40-68y)of the diabetic group and 49.30±9.50y(rang:40-73y)of control group.The diabetic group demonstrated significantly higher mean densitometry values of the anterior(6-10 mm)zone(P=0.047),the total anterior layer(P=0.036)and the total cornea(P=0.043)than control group.The corneal densitometry of the diabetic eyes demonstrated no significant correlation with hemoglobin A1c levels and DM duration.CONCLUSION:Diabetic group has higher densitometry in anterior corneal(6-10 mm)zone,total anterior cornea,and total cornea and with no correlation with hemoglobin A1c levels and DM duration.展开更多
AIM: To report ankle fracture configurations and bone quality following arthroscopic-assisted reduction and internal-fixation(ARIF) or open reduction and internalfixation(ORIF). METHODS: The patients of ARIF(n = 16) o...AIM: To report ankle fracture configurations and bone quality following arthroscopic-assisted reduction and internal-fixation(ARIF) or open reduction and internalfixation(ORIF). METHODS: The patients of ARIF(n = 16) or ORIF(n = 29) to treat unstable ankle fracture between 2006 and 2014 were reviewed retrospectively. Baseline data, including age, sex, type of injury, immediate postoperative fracture configuration(assessed on X-rays and graded by widest gap and largest step-off of any intraarticular site), bone quality [assessed with bone mineral density(BMD) testing] and arthritic changes on X-rays following surgical treatments were recorded for each group.RESULTS: Immediate-postoperative fracture configurations did not differ significantly between the ARIF and ORIF groups. There were anatomic alignments as 8(50%) and 8(27.6%) patients in ARIF and ORIF groups(P = 0.539) respectively. There were acceptable alignments as 12(75%) and 17(58.6%) patients in ARIF and ORIF groups(P = 0.341) respectively. The arthritic changes in follow-up period as at least 16 wk following the surgeries were shown as 6(75%) and 10(83.3%) patients in ARIF and ORIF groups(P = 0.300) respectively. Significantly more BMD tests were performed in patients aged > 60 years(P < 0.001), ARIF patients(P = 0.021), and female patients(P = 0.029). There was no significant difference in BMD test t scores between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Ankle fracture configurations following surgeries are similar between ARIF and ORIF groups, suggesting that ARIF is not superior to ORIF in treatment of unstable ankle fractures.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the chemical composition and to evaluate the bioactive potential of hydroalocoholic extract of propolis.Methods:Ethanol extract of propolis was analyzed by GCMS,HPTLC and HPLC methods and in vitro...Objective:To analyze the chemical composition and to evaluate the bioactive potential of hydroalocoholic extract of propolis.Methods:Ethanol extract of propolis was analyzed by GCMS,HPTLC and HPLC methods and in vitro antioxidant,anticholinesterase and cytotoxicity assay were performed.Remits:GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of fatty acids,alcohols, and quercetin.Quercetin was identified and quantified by HPTLC and HPLC methods.Dose dependent DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of hydroalcoholic extract of propolis was calculated as 16.20 and 34.33 μg/mL respectively.Inhibition of lipid peroxidation was significant and the IC_(50) value was calculated as 55.56 μg/mL.Anticholinesterase activity was less observed.The cytotoxic activity against both breast(MCF-7) and lung cancer(A543) cell lines were significant and the IC_(50)value was calculated as 10 and 13 μg/mL respectively.Conclusions: These findings showed that bioactive compounds present in propolis will alleviate many diseases and can be used for better human health.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Liver cirrhosis causes peculiar systemic hemodynamics,and accurate evaluation of systemic hemodynamic state is important for cirrhotic recipients who underwent living donor liver transplantation(LDLT). We i...BACKGROUND:Liver cirrhosis causes peculiar systemic hemodynamics,and accurate evaluation of systemic hemodynamic state is important for cirrhotic recipients who underwent living donor liver transplantation(LDLT). We investigated the clinical advantages of a novel non- invasive method for measuring systemic hemodynamic parameters using indocyanine green(ICG). METHODS:Twenty-eight LDLT recipients were evaluated. Simultaneous measurements of cardiac output(CO)using Swan-Ganz catheters and pulse dye densitometry(PDD) were performed every 12 hours after LDLT.A total of 155 sets of simultaneous CO measurements were obtained. RESULTS:The CO values obtained by PDD correlated well with those obtained by the invasive catheter technique.In addition,none of the recipients developed any side-effects, and we verified the safety of repeated ICG injections.ICG is safe,even for repeated use over time in the same recipient. Moreover,PDD can measure the blood volume(BV).CONCLUSIONS:Since the cirrhotic systemic hemody- namics characterized by high CO and large BV remains, even after LDLT,the ability to measure CO and BV in a non-invasive,simple and real-time manner using PDD has advantages for cirrhotic LDLT recipients.展开更多
Objective: Analysis of clinical documents such as bone mineral density (BMD) reports is an important component of program evaluation because it can provide insights into the accuracy of assessment of fracture risk com...Objective: Analysis of clinical documents such as bone mineral density (BMD) reports is an important component of program evaluation because it can provide insights into the accuracy of assessment of fracture risk communicated to patients and practitioners. Our objective was to compare fracture risk calculations from BMD test reports to those based on the 2010 Canadian guidelines. Methods: We retrieved BMD reports from fragility fracture patients screened through a community hospital fracture clinic participating in Ontario’s Fracture Clinic Screening Program. Fracture risk was determined according to the 2010 Canadian guidelines using age, sex, and T-score at the femoral neck, in addition to three clinical factors. Three researchers classified patients’ fracture risk until consensus was achieved. Results: We retrieved reports for 17 patients from nine different BMD clinics in the Greater Toronto Area. Each patient had a different primary care physician and all BMD tests were conducted after the 2010 Canadian guidelines were published. The fracture risk of 10 patients was misclassified with 9 of the 10 reports underestimating fracture risk. Nine reports acknowledged that the prevalence of a fragility fracture raised the risk category by one level but only four of these reports acknowledged that the patient had, or may have sustained, a fragility fracture. When we raised fracture risk by one level according to these reports, eight patients were still misclassified. Fracture risk in the majority of these patients remained underestimated. Inconsistent classification was found in the majority of cases where reports came from the same clinic. Four reports described risk levels for two different types of risk. Conclusions: More than half of patients received BMD reports which underestimated fracture risk. Bone health management recommendations based on falsely low fracture risk are likely to be sub-optimal.展开更多
As forests in neotropical regions,particularly in developing countries,are devastated,interventions to restore biodiversity and its ecological functions are needed.Rural producers have thus been encouraged to grow tre...As forests in neotropical regions,particularly in developing countries,are devastated,interventions to restore biodiversity and its ecological functions are needed.Rural producers have thus been encouraged to grow trees for wood production as an economic activity.The objective of this study was to quantify the increment of wood density of four forest species from different successional classes of a mixed system of restoration in a neotropical forest in Brazil.Tree discs were sampled at breast height and analyzed radially by X-ray densitometry to obtain apparent density and basic density.Three trees each of a species from the pioneer,early and late secondary successional stages and of the dominant species in the climax community.The radial profiles indicated increasing density from the pith to bark of trunks,except for some variations due to wood defects and growth.Average density was 0.576 g cm^(-3),0.655 g cm^(-3),0.706 g cm^(-3)and 0.775 g cm^(-3),respectively,for Peltophorum dubium,Schinus terebinthifolius,Cariniana estrellensis and Hymenaea courbaril.Radial profiles indicated higher amplitudes in the apparent densities for slow-growing species.X-ray densitometry generated parameters such as minimum,average and maximum densities,and radial density variations.These parameters are important for understanding the ecological functional role of successional classes of the Atlantic Forest from the Neotropical region.展开更多
The pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) and Alpha one antitrypsin deficiency is increasingly recognised as complex such that lung function alone is insufficient for early detection, clinical...The pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) and Alpha one antitrypsin deficiency is increasingly recognised as complex such that lung function alone is insufficient for early detection, clinical categorisation and dictating management. Quantitative imaging techniques can detect disease earlier and more accurately, and provide an objective tool to help phenotype patients into predominant airways disease or emphysema. Computed tomography provides detailed information relating to structural and anatomical changes seen in COPD, and magnetic resonance imaging/nuclear imaging gives functional and regional information with regards to ventilation and perfusion. It is likely imaging will become part of routine clinical practice, and an understanding of the implications of the data is essential. This review discusses technical and clinical aspects of quantitative imaging in obstructive airways disease.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the safety and efficacy of using a onestep viscoelastic agent technique for posterior chamber phakic implantable collamer lens with a central hole(ICL V4 c)implantation for myopia correction.METHODS...AIM:To investigate the safety and efficacy of using a onestep viscoelastic agent technique for posterior chamber phakic implantable collamer lens with a central hole(ICL V4 c)implantation for myopia correction.METHODS:The one-step viscoelastic agent technique for ICL V4 c implantation was used in 100 eyes of 52 patients.Refractive outcomes,intraocular pressure(IOP),corneal endothelial cell,and corneal densitometry values were evaluated at 1 d,1 wk,1 and 3 mo postoperatively.RESULTS:All the surgeries were uneventful.No corrected distance visual acuity was lost after 3 mo.IOP was 16.12±3.18 mm Hg before surgery,and 14.74±3.08 mm Hg at 1d and 14.50±2.56 mm Hg at 3 mo after surgery(P<0.05).Corneal endothelial cell density was 2580±242 cell/mm^(2),the coefficient of variation in cell size was 42.11%±7.92%,and the percentage of hexagonal cells was 40.98%±9.46%before surgery.No significant difference was found when these outcomes were compared between the studied time points(P>0.05).The corneal densitometry values of the central 2 mm and 2 to 6 mm areas showed similar regularities.After surgery,the values significantly increased at 1 d,then decreased to the preoperative values at 1 wk,and then continued to decrease at 3 mo(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The one-step viscoelastic agent technique for ICL V4c implantation is found to be safe and effective for myopia correction and causes little disturbance to the cornea.展开更多
A simple and sensitive method for the separation and determination of isoproterenol from other doping drugs has been developed on thin layers of bismuth silicate,a synthetic inorganic ion exchanger as adsorbent in thi...A simple and sensitive method for the separation and determination of isoproterenol from other doping drugs has been developed on thin layers of bismuth silicate,a synthetic inorganic ion exchanger as adsorbent in thin layer chromatography(TLC).A mixture of methanol and 0.1 mol/L formic acid(3∶7,v/v)was employed as the mobile phase.The development time was 32 min.The quantitative measurement were performed with a Camag TLC Scanner-3 at wavelength(λ)of 410 nm.The isoproterenol recovery in this procedure was 98.9%.The linear correlation coefficient was greater than 0.987 1 and the relative standard deviation(RSD)was less than 0.94.The limit of detection(LOD)and limit of quantification(LOQ)were 7.7×10-7mol/L and 3.85×10-6mol/L,respectively.This method has been applied in the determination of isoproterenol in dosage forms and in biological fluids.展开更多
Background: Wood density is considered to be the most important predictor of wood quality but despite its importance, diffuse-porous tree species have been the subject of only a limited number of studies. The importan...Background: Wood density is considered to be the most important predictor of wood quality but despite its importance, diffuse-porous tree species have been the subject of only a limited number of studies. The importance of European beech forests for Central Europe calls for profound research to examine the potential impact of a warmer climate on the quality of beech timber.Methods: In this study we analysed the influence of tree-ring width and tree-ring age on the wood density of beech,and whether the wood density response to these two parameters is modified by aspect. A linear mixed-effects model for wood density was constructed for mean density data measured with high frequency densitometry on stem discs from 72 beech trees sampled from two different aspects(northeast-NE and southwest-SW) of a valley in southwestern Germany.Results: Part of the variability of mean annual wood density was explained by cambial age: an increase in cambial age resulted in an increase in mean wood density. Tree-ring width and aspect had only a small influence on wood density.Wood density on the SW aspect was lower than on the NE with a difference of approximately 0.006 g/cm3. The between-tree variability was very high.Conclusions: The significant interaction between cambial age and aspect reflects the importance of site conditions at older tree ages: with increasing cambial age the difference between aspects becomes stronger. Our results give a better understanding of the importance of site conditions on the wood quality of beech.展开更多
Cinacalcet Hydrochloride (CIN) is a new calcimimetic agent indicated for the use in hypercalcemia. The present work is aimed at development and validation of a novel and simple high-performance thin-layer chromatograp...Cinacalcet Hydrochloride (CIN) is a new calcimimetic agent indicated for the use in hypercalcemia. The present work is aimed at development and validation of a novel and simple high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method for the analysis of Cinacalcet Hydrochloride (active pharmaceutical ingredient, API. In the method, Aluminum-backed silica gel 60 F254 plates (10 × 10 cm) were used as stationary phase and chloroform: acetonitrile (6:4, v/v) as the mobile phase, which showed compact bands of Cinacalcet HCl (RF 0.30 ± 0.02). Quantitative analysis was carried out by densitometry at a wavelength of 282 nm. Linear regression analysis for the calibration spots showed good correlation ship with regression co-efficient r2 = 0.9994 in the range of 40 - 160 ng/band. The developed method suitability for quantification of CIN was learned by validating it as per the ICH guidelines. CIN detection limit was 0.48 ng/band and the quantification limit was 1.59 ng/band. The proposed method was found to be linear (r2 = 0.999), precise (%RSD < 2% for intraday and intermediate precision), accurate, specific, and robust. Further, the developed method was validated and found suitable for stress induced studies, since presence of degradants has no effect on CIN estimation. The proposed method was found to be simple, sensitive, precise, accurate and reproducible for the estimation of CIN.展开更多
Background: Some of the risk factors for osteoporosis population include: chronic immobilisation, insufficient dietary supply of calcium and vitamin D, decreased physical activity and long-term pharmacological treatme...Background: Some of the risk factors for osteoporosis population include: chronic immobilisation, insufficient dietary supply of calcium and vitamin D, decreased physical activity and long-term pharmacological treatment (glucocorticoids, anticonvulsant drugs). In disabled children and adolescents, the negative impact of these factors may cumulate to considerably impair the quality of life. Objectives: The aim of our study was to assess the vitamin D status and bone mineral density in children with chronic neurological syndromes. Material and Methods: A total of 34 children between 3 and 18 years of age were examined: 9 children with muscular dystrophy, 17 with cerebral palsy and 8 with lumbar myelomeningocele. All the subjects underwent the following assessments: measurement of the concentration of the hepatic metabolite of vitamin D and total body less head and/or lumbar spine densitometry by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Low bone mass or low bone mineral density was diagnosed if the Z-score value was found to be equal to or below −2.0. Results: Indications for the above tests were chronic immobilisation or motor activity restriction, and—in 10/34 children—femoral or vertebral fracture. Vitamin D deficiency (81%). Low bone mass on densitometry was demonstrated in 27/34 and osteoporosis in 10/34 subjects (Z-score ≤−2.0). Conclusion: Bone densitometry should be included in the standard of care for children with chronic neurological syndromes, and early detection of low bone mass should be an indication for treatment with calcium and vitamin D.展开更多
Repeated blood transfusions in thalassemia patients is followed by endo-crinopathies as diabetes,hypothyroidism,hypogonadism,hypoparathy-roidism,and disorders in calcium and vitamin D homeostasis.The aim of this study...Repeated blood transfusions in thalassemia patients is followed by endo-crinopathies as diabetes,hypothyroidism,hypogonadism,hypoparathy-roidism,and disorders in calcium and vitamin D homeostasis.The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of beta-thalassemia patients endocrinopathies and osteoporosis.Serum level of some factors related to the function of gonads,thyroid,adrenal,and pancreas along with serum levels of calcium,phosphate,albumin,vitamin D,and iron were measured.Bone marrow density was tested via dualenergy x-ray absorptiometry(DXA densitometry).In this study,56 patients with major thalassemia were investigated.Paraclinical analysis indicated osteopenia in 17(30.4%)and osteoporosis in 39 patients(69.6%)in addition to other types of endocrine disorders,such as hypogonadism in 29(51.8%),hypothyroidism in 13(23.2%),hypoparathyroidism in 1(1.8%),hypocortisolism in 2(3.6%),and diabetes in 9(16.1%)patients.Endocrinopathies had no signifi cant relationship with osteoporosis and osteopenia in men.However,hypogonadism had a significant relationship with osteoporosis and osteopenia in women with thalassemia.Estradiol level was lower in women with osteoporosis in comparison with women with osteopenia.Ferritin levels had neither association with osteoporosis nor with LH levels(P>0.05).Secondary hypogonadism disorders are the main causes of osteoporosis and osteopenia in female beta-thalassemia patients.展开更多
Background:To explore corneal biomechanical changes,identify related factors and determine early indicators of keratoconus(KC)development risk in allergic conjunctivitis(AC)patients.Methods:A total of 50 patients,incl...Background:To explore corneal biomechanical changes,identify related factors and determine early indicators of keratoconus(KC)development risk in allergic conjunctivitis(AC)patients.Methods:A total of 50 patients,including 20 eyes without AC and 30 eyes with AC were enrolled in this study.All patients underwent a complete ocular examination,including evaluations of clinical manifestations of AC,corneal tomography and densitometry by Pentacam,corneal biomechanics by Corvis ST,and corneal and epithelial thickness mapping by RTvue optical coherence tomography(OCT).Results:The index of surface variance(ISV),index of vertical asymmetry(IVA),keratoconus index(KI),index of height decentration(IHD)and Belin/Ambrosio enhanced ectasia total deviation index(BAD-D)were significantly higher in the AC group than in the non-allergic conjunctivitis(NAC)group(P<0.05).The tomography and biomechanical index(TBl)was also significantly higher in the AC group(P=0.04).The average epithelial thickness in the 2-7 mm annulus was significantly thinner in the AC group than in the NAC group(P<0.05).The average densitometry of the total cornea and the anterior layer were higher in the AC group than in the NAC group(P<0.001).The ISV,IVA,KI,IHD and BAD-D were significantly correlated with the TBI and changes in corneal epithelial thickness in AC patients(P<0.05).The changes in epithelial thickness were closely related to the eye rubbing frequency and allergic sign scores(P<0.05).Conclusions:AC patients should be advised to routinely undergo corneal tomographic and biomechanical measurements,and the TBl could be used as an indicator of KC development risk in AC patients.Trial registration:Corneal Biomechanical Changes of Allergic Conjunctivitis,NCT04299399.Registered March 3,2020-Retrospectively registered.展开更多
文摘●AIM:To investigate the long-term changes of corneal densitometry(CD)and its contributing elements after small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE).●METHODS:Totally 31 eyes of 31 patients with mean spherical equivalent of-6.46±1.50 D and mean age 28.23±7.38y were enrolled.Full-scale examinations were conducted on all patients preoperatively and during followup.Visual acuity,manifest refraction,axial length,corneal thickness,corneal higher-order aberrations,and CD were evaluated.●RESULTS:All surgeries were completed successfully without complications or adverse events.Ten-year safety index was 1.17±0.20 and efficacy 1.04±0.28.CD value of 0–6 mm zones in central layer was statistically significantly lower 10y postoperatively,compared with preoperative values(0–2 mmΔ=-1.62,2–6 mmΔ=-1.24,P<0.01).There were no correlations between CD values and factors evaluated.●CONCLUSION:SMILE is a safe and efficient procedure for myopia on a long-term basis.CD values get lower 10y postoperatively,whose mechanism is to be further discussed.
文摘AIM: To analyze and compare five different variables over one year follow-up(1 wk, 1, 3, 6 and 12 mo): anterior capsule(AC), and posterior capsule(PC) area densitometry values, AC and PC linear densitometry values, and AC opening area reduction ratio after femtosecond laserassisted cataract surgery. METHODS: This was a prospective comparative study. Seventy-one patients underwent femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery on single eye between June 2014 and December 2015. A 5.0 mm diameter laser assisted anterior capsulotomy was performed on all eyes. In every postsurgery evaluation, AC opacificaction(ACO) and PC opacification(PCO) density levels were provided by Oculus Pentacam~?HR using area and linear densitometry methods. Digital images were captured with a slit-lamp Topcon photographic camera and IMAGEnet~? 5 software. The AC opening area on the digital images was measured using the Sketchandcalc area calculator and converted to reduction ratio levels.RESULTS: Using Pearson correlation coefficient(PCC), we found no correlation(r=-0.091, P=0.46) in the twelfth month assessment between the evolution of ACO area densitometry values and PCO area densitometry values considered as independent variables. We found no correlation, using PCC(r=-0.096, P=0.43) between the evolution of ACO linear densitometry values and PCO linear densitometry values, in the twelfth month visit, working both as independent variables. AC linear densitometry levels and AC area densitometry levels continued to grow strongly from sixth to twelfth months. Analysis of the values of AC opening area reduction ratio(1 wk, 1, 3, 6, 12 mo) revealed statistically significant differences between the values of successive examinations but the magnitude of the change decreased. In the final period of monitoring between six and twelve months the magnitude of change was low.CONCLUSION: Our results show strong increases of Scheimpflug ACO densitometry values from the sixth to the twelfth month while capsulorhexis area reduction ratio levels displayed a considerable decrease. We found no correlation between ACO area and linear densitometry values and PCO area and linear densitometry values, in the twelfth month examination, working as independent variables.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81870726)Clinical Research Plan of SHDC(Grant SHDC2020CR4083).
文摘Objectives:To quantify the progression of otosclerosis in the unoperated ear between two stapedotomy procedures for patients with bilateral otosclerosis which can help to determine whether a HRCT scan should be re-performed before the second surgery for patients who already received HRCT imaging before the initial surgery.Methods:35 patients who underwent bilateral stapedotomy were included.Two rounds of HRCT examination and audiometry were performed at the time of the first surgery and second surgery on the ear that was not operated on during the initial surgery.The relationship between the changes in HRCT densitometry and audiometry over time was analyzed.Results:The second round of HRCT did not add significant information about the changes to the otosclerosis lesions in either the imaging diagnosis or the HRCT density values except for small changes in the HRCT densitometry readings at the area anterior to the inner auditory(P=0.01).While the changes in HRCT manifestation are small,changes near the fissula ante fenestram(FAF)were still positively correlated with the air bone gap(ABG)of patients(p=0.031,r=0.388).Conclusions:The progression of lesions in otosclerosis is slow resulting in small and insignificant changes to the HRCT features.Therefore,a repeat HRCT evaluations prior to surgery is not necessary for patients who have had a previous HRCT evaluation within 2 years of the operation.The small changes in HRCT manifestation near the FAF were still correlated with negative effects on the ABG which could cause worsened hearing thresholds over this timeframe。
文摘Lipitame is a poly herbal formulation comprised of Terminalia arjuna, Terminalia belerica, Commiphora mukul and Phyllanthus emblica. The formulation is investigated for its analysis evaluation. Biomarkers of three herbs such as Terminalia arjuna, Terminalia belerica, and Phyllanthus emblica have been already cited to contain gallic acid, which was qualitatively and quantitatively estimated. In the present study rapid and inexpensive qualification methods for the quality control of Terminalia arjuna, Terminalia belerica, Commiphora mukul and Phyllanthus emblica on thin layer chromatography (TLC) were developed and validated. The solvent system used was toluene:ethyl acetate:formic acid:methanol (12:9:4:0.5). The scanning of plate was performed linearly at 273 nm (absorption) by use of a TLC Scanner III CAMAG with a deuterium source, and the area of spots corresponding to Gallic acid standard was integrated. It was found that gallic acid has been found in the Lipitame tablets on HPTLC densitometry assessment compared with authentic gallic acid reference standard.
文摘According to the World Health Organization (WHO), men and women older than 50 years present osteoporosis with reduced bone mass, this is one of the major impact morbidities causes in the world. It may be present in the hip, spine, and wrist. The gold standard technique for osteoporosis diagnosis is the Bone Densitometry (DXA). The evaluation of an electroacoustic device is as an alternative procedure for the validation and diagnosis of osteoporosis. Diagnosis of osteoporosis severity was carried out in 49 females by using the registers of the DEXA’s T-Score values. These were statistically compared with the measurements performed using the electroacoustic device. Non-Significative difference between measurements was found with ANOVA and Chi-square tests and the area for the ROC curve on electroacoustic devices was 0.551. The Bland Altman suggests an excellent concordance between both techniques. This is a non-invasive method that has a proper match with the gold standard. The study suggests that procedure measurements with the electroacoustic device could be implemented as an alternative clinical practice for osteoporosis diagnosis.
文摘A sensitive and rapid analytical procedure was established to detrmine strychnie alkaloids in diverse biological specimens. Samples were treated with hydrochloric acid to precipitate protein and scanned in thin-layer chromatograpic scanner in zig-zag dual-wavelength reflection mode.Detection sensitivity for strychniue was about 0. 05 μg. Quantification recoveries were between89. 2% and 99. 5% with RSD between 2. 92% and 13. 21 %. The method was applied to investigate thedistribution or strychnine in intoxicated rats. The results showed that there were remarkable difference in organs or tissues with the aigaest concentration 4. 56±1. 41μg/g in liver. Diversification experiment proves the method also could be used to analyze other alkaloids in biological samples if theconditions slightly modified.
基金The Deputyship for Research&Innovation,Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia for funding this research work through the project(No.IFKSUOR3-499-1).
文摘AIM:To compare the corneal backward light scattering values in type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM)patients with those of age and sex-matched healthy controls.METHODS:The study included 30 patients(30 eyes)with type 2 DM and 30 control subjects(30 eyes).Duration of diabetes,most recent hemoglobin A1c levels,along with the status of diabetic retinopathy,and existing medical treatment of all subjects were recorded.All subjects underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination.In addition,backward light scattering(densitometry)was measured to assess changes in corneal transparency using tomography(Pentacam HR).RESULTS:The type 2 DM patients included 12 males and 18 females and control subjects included 16 males and 14 females.The age was 50.40±7.80y(range:40-68y)of the diabetic group and 49.30±9.50y(rang:40-73y)of control group.The diabetic group demonstrated significantly higher mean densitometry values of the anterior(6-10 mm)zone(P=0.047),the total anterior layer(P=0.036)and the total cornea(P=0.043)than control group.The corneal densitometry of the diabetic eyes demonstrated no significant correlation with hemoglobin A1c levels and DM duration.CONCLUSION:Diabetic group has higher densitometry in anterior corneal(6-10 mm)zone,total anterior cornea,and total cornea and with no correlation with hemoglobin A1c levels and DM duration.
文摘AIM: To report ankle fracture configurations and bone quality following arthroscopic-assisted reduction and internal-fixation(ARIF) or open reduction and internalfixation(ORIF). METHODS: The patients of ARIF(n = 16) or ORIF(n = 29) to treat unstable ankle fracture between 2006 and 2014 were reviewed retrospectively. Baseline data, including age, sex, type of injury, immediate postoperative fracture configuration(assessed on X-rays and graded by widest gap and largest step-off of any intraarticular site), bone quality [assessed with bone mineral density(BMD) testing] and arthritic changes on X-rays following surgical treatments were recorded for each group.RESULTS: Immediate-postoperative fracture configurations did not differ significantly between the ARIF and ORIF groups. There were anatomic alignments as 8(50%) and 8(27.6%) patients in ARIF and ORIF groups(P = 0.539) respectively. There were acceptable alignments as 12(75%) and 17(58.6%) patients in ARIF and ORIF groups(P = 0.341) respectively. The arthritic changes in follow-up period as at least 16 wk following the surgeries were shown as 6(75%) and 10(83.3%) patients in ARIF and ORIF groups(P = 0.300) respectively. Significantly more BMD tests were performed in patients aged > 60 years(P < 0.001), ARIF patients(P = 0.021), and female patients(P = 0.029). There was no significant difference in BMD test t scores between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Ankle fracture configurations following surgeries are similar between ARIF and ORIF groups, suggesting that ARIF is not superior to ORIF in treatment of unstable ankle fractures.
基金Supported by the Kongunadu Arts and Science College Research and Development Council
文摘Objective:To analyze the chemical composition and to evaluate the bioactive potential of hydroalocoholic extract of propolis.Methods:Ethanol extract of propolis was analyzed by GCMS,HPTLC and HPLC methods and in vitro antioxidant,anticholinesterase and cytotoxicity assay were performed.Remits:GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of fatty acids,alcohols, and quercetin.Quercetin was identified and quantified by HPTLC and HPLC methods.Dose dependent DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of hydroalcoholic extract of propolis was calculated as 16.20 and 34.33 μg/mL respectively.Inhibition of lipid peroxidation was significant and the IC_(50) value was calculated as 55.56 μg/mL.Anticholinesterase activity was less observed.The cytotoxic activity against both breast(MCF-7) and lung cancer(A543) cell lines were significant and the IC_(50)value was calculated as 10 and 13 μg/mL respectively.Conclusions: These findings showed that bioactive compounds present in propolis will alleviate many diseases and can be used for better human health.
文摘BACKGROUND:Liver cirrhosis causes peculiar systemic hemodynamics,and accurate evaluation of systemic hemodynamic state is important for cirrhotic recipients who underwent living donor liver transplantation(LDLT). We investigated the clinical advantages of a novel non- invasive method for measuring systemic hemodynamic parameters using indocyanine green(ICG). METHODS:Twenty-eight LDLT recipients were evaluated. Simultaneous measurements of cardiac output(CO)using Swan-Ganz catheters and pulse dye densitometry(PDD) were performed every 12 hours after LDLT.A total of 155 sets of simultaneous CO measurements were obtained. RESULTS:The CO values obtained by PDD correlated well with those obtained by the invasive catheter technique.In addition,none of the recipients developed any side-effects, and we verified the safety of repeated ICG injections.ICG is safe,even for repeated use over time in the same recipient. Moreover,PDD can measure the blood volume(BV).CONCLUSIONS:Since the cirrhotic systemic hemody- namics characterized by high CO and large BV remains, even after LDLT,the ability to measure CO and BV in a non-invasive,simple and real-time manner using PDD has advantages for cirrhotic LDLT recipients.
文摘Objective: Analysis of clinical documents such as bone mineral density (BMD) reports is an important component of program evaluation because it can provide insights into the accuracy of assessment of fracture risk communicated to patients and practitioners. Our objective was to compare fracture risk calculations from BMD test reports to those based on the 2010 Canadian guidelines. Methods: We retrieved BMD reports from fragility fracture patients screened through a community hospital fracture clinic participating in Ontario’s Fracture Clinic Screening Program. Fracture risk was determined according to the 2010 Canadian guidelines using age, sex, and T-score at the femoral neck, in addition to three clinical factors. Three researchers classified patients’ fracture risk until consensus was achieved. Results: We retrieved reports for 17 patients from nine different BMD clinics in the Greater Toronto Area. Each patient had a different primary care physician and all BMD tests were conducted after the 2010 Canadian guidelines were published. The fracture risk of 10 patients was misclassified with 9 of the 10 reports underestimating fracture risk. Nine reports acknowledged that the prevalence of a fragility fracture raised the risk category by one level but only four of these reports acknowledged that the patient had, or may have sustained, a fragility fracture. When we raised fracture risk by one level according to these reports, eight patients were still misclassified. Fracture risk in the majority of these patients remained underestimated. Inconsistent classification was found in the majority of cases where reports came from the same clinic. Four reports described risk levels for two different types of risk. Conclusions: More than half of patients received BMD reports which underestimated fracture risk. Bone health management recommendations based on falsely low fracture risk are likely to be sub-optimal.
基金This study is funded by the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel(CAPES).
文摘As forests in neotropical regions,particularly in developing countries,are devastated,interventions to restore biodiversity and its ecological functions are needed.Rural producers have thus been encouraged to grow trees for wood production as an economic activity.The objective of this study was to quantify the increment of wood density of four forest species from different successional classes of a mixed system of restoration in a neotropical forest in Brazil.Tree discs were sampled at breast height and analyzed radially by X-ray densitometry to obtain apparent density and basic density.Three trees each of a species from the pioneer,early and late secondary successional stages and of the dominant species in the climax community.The radial profiles indicated increasing density from the pith to bark of trunks,except for some variations due to wood defects and growth.Average density was 0.576 g cm^(-3),0.655 g cm^(-3),0.706 g cm^(-3)and 0.775 g cm^(-3),respectively,for Peltophorum dubium,Schinus terebinthifolius,Cariniana estrellensis and Hymenaea courbaril.Radial profiles indicated higher amplitudes in the apparent densities for slow-growing species.X-ray densitometry generated parameters such as minimum,average and maximum densities,and radial density variations.These parameters are important for understanding the ecological functional role of successional classes of the Atlantic Forest from the Neotropical region.
文摘The pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) and Alpha one antitrypsin deficiency is increasingly recognised as complex such that lung function alone is insufficient for early detection, clinical categorisation and dictating management. Quantitative imaging techniques can detect disease earlier and more accurately, and provide an objective tool to help phenotype patients into predominant airways disease or emphysema. Computed tomography provides detailed information relating to structural and anatomical changes seen in COPD, and magnetic resonance imaging/nuclear imaging gives functional and regional information with regards to ventilation and perfusion. It is likely imaging will become part of routine clinical practice, and an understanding of the implications of the data is essential. This review discusses technical and clinical aspects of quantitative imaging in obstructive airways disease.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Young Scholars(No.81700872)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81770955)+4 种基金the Project of Shanghai Science and Technology(No.17411950200No.20410710100)the Joint Research Project of New Frontier Technology in Municipal Hospitals(No.SHDC12018103)the Clinical Research Plan of SHDC(No.SHDC2020CR1043B)the Project of Shanghai Xuhui District Science and Technology(No.2020-015)。
文摘AIM:To investigate the safety and efficacy of using a onestep viscoelastic agent technique for posterior chamber phakic implantable collamer lens with a central hole(ICL V4 c)implantation for myopia correction.METHODS:The one-step viscoelastic agent technique for ICL V4 c implantation was used in 100 eyes of 52 patients.Refractive outcomes,intraocular pressure(IOP),corneal endothelial cell,and corneal densitometry values were evaluated at 1 d,1 wk,1 and 3 mo postoperatively.RESULTS:All the surgeries were uneventful.No corrected distance visual acuity was lost after 3 mo.IOP was 16.12±3.18 mm Hg before surgery,and 14.74±3.08 mm Hg at 1d and 14.50±2.56 mm Hg at 3 mo after surgery(P<0.05).Corneal endothelial cell density was 2580±242 cell/mm^(2),the coefficient of variation in cell size was 42.11%±7.92%,and the percentage of hexagonal cells was 40.98%±9.46%before surgery.No significant difference was found when these outcomes were compared between the studied time points(P>0.05).The corneal densitometry values of the central 2 mm and 2 to 6 mm areas showed similar regularities.After surgery,the values significantly increased at 1 d,then decreased to the preoperative values at 1 wk,and then continued to decrease at 3 mo(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The one-step viscoelastic agent technique for ICL V4c implantation is found to be safe and effective for myopia correction and causes little disturbance to the cornea.
基金Financial assistance was provided by Kharazmi University,Research Council
文摘A simple and sensitive method for the separation and determination of isoproterenol from other doping drugs has been developed on thin layers of bismuth silicate,a synthetic inorganic ion exchanger as adsorbent in thin layer chromatography(TLC).A mixture of methanol and 0.1 mol/L formic acid(3∶7,v/v)was employed as the mobile phase.The development time was 32 min.The quantitative measurement were performed with a Camag TLC Scanner-3 at wavelength(λ)of 410 nm.The isoproterenol recovery in this procedure was 98.9%.The linear correlation coefficient was greater than 0.987 1 and the relative standard deviation(RSD)was less than 0.94.The limit of detection(LOD)and limit of quantification(LOQ)were 7.7×10-7mol/L and 3.85×10-6mol/L,respectively.This method has been applied in the determination of isoproterenol in dosage forms and in biological fluids.
基金the collaborative research project SFB 433("Buchendominierte Laubwalder unter dem Einfluβ von Klima und Bewirtschaftung:Okologische,waldbauliche und sozialwissenschaftliche Analysen"-Beech dominated deciduous forests under the influence of climate and forest management)funded by the project Bu Klim within Waldklimafods program of BMEL/BMUB("Gefordert durch Bundesministerium für Ernahrung und Landwirtschaft und das Bundesministerium für Umwelt,Naturschutz,Bau und Reaktorsicherheit aufgrund eines Beschlusses des Deutschen Bundestages")
文摘Background: Wood density is considered to be the most important predictor of wood quality but despite its importance, diffuse-porous tree species have been the subject of only a limited number of studies. The importance of European beech forests for Central Europe calls for profound research to examine the potential impact of a warmer climate on the quality of beech timber.Methods: In this study we analysed the influence of tree-ring width and tree-ring age on the wood density of beech,and whether the wood density response to these two parameters is modified by aspect. A linear mixed-effects model for wood density was constructed for mean density data measured with high frequency densitometry on stem discs from 72 beech trees sampled from two different aspects(northeast-NE and southwest-SW) of a valley in southwestern Germany.Results: Part of the variability of mean annual wood density was explained by cambial age: an increase in cambial age resulted in an increase in mean wood density. Tree-ring width and aspect had only a small influence on wood density.Wood density on the SW aspect was lower than on the NE with a difference of approximately 0.006 g/cm3. The between-tree variability was very high.Conclusions: The significant interaction between cambial age and aspect reflects the importance of site conditions at older tree ages: with increasing cambial age the difference between aspects becomes stronger. Our results give a better understanding of the importance of site conditions on the wood quality of beech.
文摘Cinacalcet Hydrochloride (CIN) is a new calcimimetic agent indicated for the use in hypercalcemia. The present work is aimed at development and validation of a novel and simple high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method for the analysis of Cinacalcet Hydrochloride (active pharmaceutical ingredient, API. In the method, Aluminum-backed silica gel 60 F254 plates (10 × 10 cm) were used as stationary phase and chloroform: acetonitrile (6:4, v/v) as the mobile phase, which showed compact bands of Cinacalcet HCl (RF 0.30 ± 0.02). Quantitative analysis was carried out by densitometry at a wavelength of 282 nm. Linear regression analysis for the calibration spots showed good correlation ship with regression co-efficient r2 = 0.9994 in the range of 40 - 160 ng/band. The developed method suitability for quantification of CIN was learned by validating it as per the ICH guidelines. CIN detection limit was 0.48 ng/band and the quantification limit was 1.59 ng/band. The proposed method was found to be linear (r2 = 0.999), precise (%RSD < 2% for intraday and intermediate precision), accurate, specific, and robust. Further, the developed method was validated and found suitable for stress induced studies, since presence of degradants has no effect on CIN estimation. The proposed method was found to be simple, sensitive, precise, accurate and reproducible for the estimation of CIN.
基金supported by Medical University of Lodz,Poland(503/1-090-02/503-11-001 and 503/1-056-01/503-11-003).
文摘Background: Some of the risk factors for osteoporosis population include: chronic immobilisation, insufficient dietary supply of calcium and vitamin D, decreased physical activity and long-term pharmacological treatment (glucocorticoids, anticonvulsant drugs). In disabled children and adolescents, the negative impact of these factors may cumulate to considerably impair the quality of life. Objectives: The aim of our study was to assess the vitamin D status and bone mineral density in children with chronic neurological syndromes. Material and Methods: A total of 34 children between 3 and 18 years of age were examined: 9 children with muscular dystrophy, 17 with cerebral palsy and 8 with lumbar myelomeningocele. All the subjects underwent the following assessments: measurement of the concentration of the hepatic metabolite of vitamin D and total body less head and/or lumbar spine densitometry by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Low bone mass or low bone mineral density was diagnosed if the Z-score value was found to be equal to or below −2.0. Results: Indications for the above tests were chronic immobilisation or motor activity restriction, and—in 10/34 children—femoral or vertebral fracture. Vitamin D deficiency (81%). Low bone mass on densitometry was demonstrated in 27/34 and osteoporosis in 10/34 subjects (Z-score ≤−2.0). Conclusion: Bone densitometry should be included in the standard of care for children with chronic neurological syndromes, and early detection of low bone mass should be an indication for treatment with calcium and vitamin D.
文摘Repeated blood transfusions in thalassemia patients is followed by endo-crinopathies as diabetes,hypothyroidism,hypogonadism,hypoparathy-roidism,and disorders in calcium and vitamin D homeostasis.The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of beta-thalassemia patients endocrinopathies and osteoporosis.Serum level of some factors related to the function of gonads,thyroid,adrenal,and pancreas along with serum levels of calcium,phosphate,albumin,vitamin D,and iron were measured.Bone marrow density was tested via dualenergy x-ray absorptiometry(DXA densitometry).In this study,56 patients with major thalassemia were investigated.Paraclinical analysis indicated osteopenia in 17(30.4%)and osteoporosis in 39 patients(69.6%)in addition to other types of endocrine disorders,such as hypogonadism in 29(51.8%),hypothyroidism in 13(23.2%),hypoparathyroidism in 1(1.8%),hypocortisolism in 2(3.6%),and diabetes in 9(16.1%)patients.Endocrinopathies had no signifi cant relationship with osteoporosis and osteopenia in men.However,hypogonadism had a significant relationship with osteoporosis and osteopenia in women with thalassemia.Estradiol level was lower in women with osteoporosis in comparison with women with osteopenia.Ferritin levels had neither association with osteoporosis nor with LH levels(P>0.05).Secondary hypogonadism disorders are the main causes of osteoporosis and osteopenia in female beta-thalassemia patients.
基金supported by the Key Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2019B010152001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81670826).
文摘Background:To explore corneal biomechanical changes,identify related factors and determine early indicators of keratoconus(KC)development risk in allergic conjunctivitis(AC)patients.Methods:A total of 50 patients,including 20 eyes without AC and 30 eyes with AC were enrolled in this study.All patients underwent a complete ocular examination,including evaluations of clinical manifestations of AC,corneal tomography and densitometry by Pentacam,corneal biomechanics by Corvis ST,and corneal and epithelial thickness mapping by RTvue optical coherence tomography(OCT).Results:The index of surface variance(ISV),index of vertical asymmetry(IVA),keratoconus index(KI),index of height decentration(IHD)and Belin/Ambrosio enhanced ectasia total deviation index(BAD-D)were significantly higher in the AC group than in the non-allergic conjunctivitis(NAC)group(P<0.05).The tomography and biomechanical index(TBl)was also significantly higher in the AC group(P=0.04).The average epithelial thickness in the 2-7 mm annulus was significantly thinner in the AC group than in the NAC group(P<0.05).The average densitometry of the total cornea and the anterior layer were higher in the AC group than in the NAC group(P<0.001).The ISV,IVA,KI,IHD and BAD-D were significantly correlated with the TBI and changes in corneal epithelial thickness in AC patients(P<0.05).The changes in epithelial thickness were closely related to the eye rubbing frequency and allergic sign scores(P<0.05).Conclusions:AC patients should be advised to routinely undergo corneal tomographic and biomechanical measurements,and the TBl could be used as an indicator of KC development risk in AC patients.Trial registration:Corneal Biomechanical Changes of Allergic Conjunctivitis,NCT04299399.Registered March 3,2020-Retrospectively registered.
