Under the new energy resource structure,electrocatalysts are key materials for the development of proton membrane fuel cells,electrolysis of aquatic hydrogen devices,and carbon dioxide reduction equipment,to address e...Under the new energy resource structure,electrocatalysts are key materials for the development of proton membrane fuel cells,electrolysis of aquatic hydrogen devices,and carbon dioxide reduction equipment,to address energy shortages and even environmental pollution issues.Although controlling the morphology or doping with heteroatoms for catalyst active centers have accelerated the reaction rate,it is difficult to solve the problems of multiple by-products,and poor stability of catalytic sites.From this,it will be seen that single regulation of metal active centers is difficult to comprehensively solve application problems.Orderly assembly and coordination of catalyst multi-hierarchy structures at the mesoscale above the nanometer level probably be more reasonable strategies,and numerous studies in thermal catalysis have supported this viewpoint.This article reviews the multi-hierarchy design of electrocatalyst active centers,high-energy supports,and peripheral structures in recent years,providing unconventional inspiration about electrocatalyst creation,which perhaps serves as a simple tutorial of electrocatalysis exploration for abecedarian.展开更多
With the accelerated development and utilization of urban underground space,the underground space design of complex based on rail transit has attracted much attention.By sorting out the integration concept and constru...With the accelerated development and utilization of urban underground space,the underground space design of complex based on rail transit has attracted much attention.By sorting out the integration concept and constructing the logical framework of integrated design,the integrated design strategy is proposed from the aspects of function,transportation,space and environment on the urban scale,and the evaluation points of integrated design effect are put forward from the aspects of accessibility,coordination,openness and symbolism.展开更多
Based on the functions and characteristics of the interchange collector-distributor lanes,with Harbin as an example,it is proposed in this paper that the local characteristics and traffic flow characteristics should b...Based on the functions and characteristics of the interchange collector-distributor lanes,with Harbin as an example,it is proposed in this paper that the local characteristics and traffic flow characteristics should be considered in the design of the interchange collector-distributor lanes,which includes the analysis of function,location,and many other aspects,in hopes to provide reference for the design of collector-distributor lanes in other regions of our country.展开更多
Alkaline Zn-based primary batteries have been commercialized in the past decades.However,their success has not been extended to secondary batteries due to the poor cycle reversibility of Zn anodes.Although some resear...Alkaline Zn-based primary batteries have been commercialized in the past decades.However,their success has not been extended to secondary batteries due to the poor cycle reversibility of Zn anodes.Although some research has been conducted on alkaline Zn anodes,their performance is still far from commercial requirements.A variety of degradation mechanisms,including passivation,dendrites,morphological changes,and hydrogen precipitation,are claimed responsible for the failure of alkaline Zn metal anodes.What’s worse,these constraints always interact with each other,which leads to a single strategy being unable to suppress all the issues.Therefore,a comprehensive evaluation of the positive and negative effects of various strategies on performance is important to promote the commercialization of alkaline Zn batteries.Herein,the recent progress and performance of improvement strategies for Zn anode in alkaline conditions are reviewed systematically.First,the principles and challenges of alkaline Zn anodes are briefly analyzed.Then,various design strategies for alkaline Zn anodes from the perspectives of ion and electron regulation are highlighted.Last,through a comprehensive summary of various performance parameters,the advantages and disadvantages of different strategies are compared and evaluated.On the basis of this assessment,we aim to provide more insights into the anode design of high-performance alkaline rechargeable Zn batteries.展开更多
Based on the analysis of the concept,core,research content and method of service design,this paper explains the necessity of service design to participate in digital display,and further discusses how service design in...Based on the analysis of the concept,core,research content and method of service design,this paper explains the necessity of service design to participate in digital display,and further discusses how service design integrates with digital display,how to redesign the digital display system under the intervention of service design,and how to integrate user needs into it at all times.Finally,the design strategy of digital display under the concept of service design is proposed.展开更多
Under the rapid development of socio-economy and urbanization,the state’s attention toward urban infrastructure continues to increase.The construction of municipal road and bridge projects is related to people’s dai...Under the rapid development of socio-economy and urbanization,the state’s attention toward urban infrastructure continues to increase.The construction of municipal road and bridge projects is related to people’s daily travel and transport safety,and it also plays an important role in promoting urban economic development.Therefore,modern technology should be fully utilized in the design of municipal roads and bridges to strengthen construction cost control and increase their social and economic benefits.In this paper,the characteristics and application status of BIM technology in municipal road and bridge design are analyzed,and corresponding road and bridge design strategies are explored to promote the healthy development of municipal road and bridge projects.展开更多
Slope ecological protection technology is a form of slope protection with high ornamental and good economic value.At present,it is widely used in highways and urban streets’slope protection works.However,its use is n...Slope ecological protection technology is a form of slope protection with high ornamental and good economic value.At present,it is widely used in highways and urban streets’slope protection works.However,its use is not very common in mountain tourism highways;hence,it is necessary to implement strategies for mountain tourism highway slope ecological protection design to promote excellent development.展开更多
The memorial hall is an important place to learn red culture in China,which plays a positive role in carrying forward red culture and continuing revolutionary spirit.The outline of the “14^(th) Five-year” plan point...The memorial hall is an important place to learn red culture in China,which plays a positive role in carrying forward red culture and continuing revolutionary spirit.The outline of the “14^(th) Five-year” plan points out that “it should adhere to the integrated development,shape tourism with culture,highlight culture with tourism,and improve the system of integrated development of culture and tourism”.On this basis,it is proposed that the development of memorial halls in the new era needs the integration of culture and tourism.In this paper,the protection status of red culture of Hehan Detachment is investigated,and its existing problems are analyzed.The construction of Hehan Detachment Memorial Hall is taken as research object.The design strategy of the memorial hall is put forward,and rural red culture undertakings and the integrated development of culture and tourism industry are further established and improved.The research could provide a valuable reference for continuing red culture undertakings and innovating the development of culture and tourism industry at present.展开更多
Highway is an important kind of infrastructure which the transportation sector depends on.The rationality of the interchange design between urban roads and expressways is related to the relieving of urban traffic pres...Highway is an important kind of infrastructure which the transportation sector depends on.The rationality of the interchange design between urban roads and expressways is related to the relieving of urban traffic pressure.Based on the status quo of interchange design between urban roads and expressways,this paper discusses the types and applications of interchange design,hoping to provide reference for the design and construction of highway projects and ensure the rationality of interchange design.展开更多
Background and Objective: A multitude of large cohort studies have data on incidence rates and predictors of various chronic diseases. However, approaches for utilization of these costly collected data and translation...Background and Objective: A multitude of large cohort studies have data on incidence rates and predictors of various chronic diseases. However, approaches for utilization of these costly collected data and translation of these?valuable results to inform and guide clinical disease prevention practice are?not well developed. In this paper we proposed a novel conceptual group/community disease prevention design strategy based on large cohort study data. Methods and Results: The data from participants (n = 3516;2056 women) aged 45 to 74 years and the diabetes risk prediction model from Strong Heart Study were used. The Strong Heart Study is a population-based cohort study of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors in American Indians. A conceptual group/community disease prevention design strategy based on large cohort data was initiated. The application of the proposed strategy for group diabetes prevention was illustrated. Discussion: The strategy may provide reasonable solutions to the prevention design issues. These issues include complex associations of a disease with its combined and correlated risk factors, individual differences, choosing intervention risk factors and setting their appropriate, attainable, gradual and adaptive goal levels for different subgroups, and assessing effectiveness of the prevention program. Conclusions: The strategy and methods shown in the illustration example can be analogously adopted and applied for other diseases preventions. The proposed strategy for a target group/community in a population provides a way to translate and apply epidemiological study results to clinical disease prevention practice.展开更多
Background and Objective: A multitude of large cohort studies have collected data on incidence and covariates/risk factors of various chronic diseases. However, approaches for utilization of these large data and trans...Background and Objective: A multitude of large cohort studies have collected data on incidence and covariates/risk factors of various chronic diseases. However, approaches for utilization of these large data and translation of the valuable results to inform and guide clinical disease prevention practice are not well developed. In this paper, we proposed, based on large cohort study data, a novel conceptual cost-effective disease prevention design strategy for a target group when it is not affordable to include everyone in the target group for intervention. Methods and Results: Data from American Indian participants (n = 3516;2056 women) aged 45 - 74 years in the Strong Heart Study, the diabetes risk prediction model from the study, a utility function, and regression models were used. A conceptual cost-effective disease prevention design strategy based on large cohort data was initiated. The application of the proposed strategy for diabetes prevention was illustrated. Discussion: The strategy may provide reasonable solutions to address cost-effective prevention design issues. These issues include complex associations of a disease with its significant risk factors, cost-effectively selecting individuals at high risk of developing disease to undergo intervention, individual differences in health conditions, choosing intervention risk factors and setting their appropriate, attainable, gradual and adaptive goal levels for different subgroups, and assessing effectiveness of the prevention program. Conclusions: The strategy and methods shown in the illustrative example can also be analogously adopted and applied to other diseases preventions. The proposed strategy provides a way to translate and apply epidemiological study results to clinical disease prevention practice.展开更多
Improving rural living environment is an important support for farmers to live and work in peace and contentment,which is of great significance to the shaping of happy and livable homes in rural areas under the backgr...Improving rural living environment is an important support for farmers to live and work in peace and contentment,which is of great significance to the shaping of happy and livable homes in rural areas under the background of "beautiful countryside".Through the comprehensive renovation of the beautiful countryside,great progress has been made in improving the rural living environment in Beijing,but there are still problems in rural settlement landscape such as poor quality of landscape environment,low utilization rate of public space,and insufficient protection of traditional features.This study took the design strategy of rural settlement landscape as the research entry point,took the rural high-quality landscape environment demand and the beautiful rural construction goal as the double guidance,explored the design strategy of improving the quality of rural settlement landscape through the methods of field survey and questionnaire survey,and put forward the following design points:①From the perspective of overall consideration and advantage integration,the overall framework of rural settlement landscape should comprehensively consider rural architectural landscape and living environment landscape;②efforts should be made to create public spaces such as the village landscape image Avenue,landscape sharing garden,and open courtyard in front of the house,so as to improve the environmental quality and spatial vitality of the village;③strengthen the protection of the traditional features of the village,such as the famous ancient trees,the texture of the courtyard,the quality of residential buildings,etc.with a view to promoting the improvement and overall improvement of the rural environment.展开更多
Nowadays,the scope of bridge construction projects in China is becoming wider,which promotes China's economic development to a large extent and also improves China's transportation system.Meanwhile,people also...Nowadays,the scope of bridge construction projects in China is becoming wider,which promotes China's economic development to a large extent and also improves China's transportation system.Meanwhile,people also put forward new requirements for the quality of steel structure bridges.However,in actual design,due to the influence of many fectors,some problems are inevitable,which will affect the integrity of the design.Therefore,the designer needs to fully grasp the possible design problems,and then take efiective measures to improve the integrity of the design scheme,so as to ensure the quality of the steel structure bridge and improves the safety of the steel structure bridge from the fundamentals.This paper mainly focuses on steel structure bridges,analyzed the current status of steel structure bridge types and their selection,and proposes the integrity design strategy of steel structure bridges.展开更多
Under the background of new urbanization development, landscape design of cave dwelling settlement should be valued. By mining and cognizing cave culture, the connotation and space type of cave dwelling settlement in ...Under the background of new urbanization development, landscape design of cave dwelling settlement should be valued. By mining and cognizing cave culture, the connotation and space type of cave dwelling settlement in Guanzhong region are analyzed, and landscape design strategies on natural environment, street space, courtyard space, public space, architectural form and landscape element of cave dwel ing are proposed, which could provide some systematic theory suggestions for land design highlighting regional characteristics.展开更多
Traditional CAD technique does not support the design processes such as function definition, conceptual design and preliminary design, which are most creative and play significant roles on the design quality. Because ...Traditional CAD technique does not support the design processes such as function definition, conceptual design and preliminary design, which are most creative and play significant roles on the design quality. Because scheme design has close relationship with product structure, performance and technology cost, it is important for applying the intelligent CAD of scheme design to improve the quality and competitive level of the product. The definition and function of welding positioner are discussed in this paper. The new definition of welding positioner extends the research scope of welding positioner to welding fixture and welding positioning motion mechanism. The design process of welding fixture and positioning motion system is described, and the cased based and knowledge based design strategy of welding positioner scheme design intelligent CAD is then put forward, which lays foundation for developing proto type system of welding positioner scheme design.展开更多
The Qi Tai Telescope(QTT),which has a 110 m aperture,is planned to be the largest scale steerable tele-scope in the world.Ideally,the telescope’s repeated pointing accuracy error should be less than 2.5 arc seconds(a...The Qi Tai Telescope(QTT),which has a 110 m aperture,is planned to be the largest scale steerable tele-scope in the world.Ideally,the telescope’s repeated pointing accuracy error should be less than 2.5 arc seconds(arcsec);thus,the telescope structure must satisfy ultra-high precision requirements.In this pur-suit,the present research envisages a reverse-design method for the track surface to reduce the difficulty of the telescope’s design and manufacture.First,the distribution characteristics of the test data for the track error were verified using the skewness coefficient and kurtosis coefficient methods.According to the distribution characteristics,the azimuth track error was simulated by a two-scale model.The error of the long period and short amplitude was characterized as large-scale and described by a trigonometric function,while the short period and high amplitude error was characterized as small-scale and simulated by a fractal function.Based on the two-scale model,effect of the error on the pointing accuracy was deduced.Subsequently,the relationship between the root mean square(RMS)of the track error and the RMS of the pointing accuracy error of the telescope was deduced.Finally,the allowable RMS value of the track error was derived from the allowable pointing accuracy errors.To validate the effectiveness of the new design method,two typical radio telescopes(the Green Bank Telescope(GBT)and the Large Millimeter Telescope(LMT))were selected as experimental examples.Through comparison,the theoretical calculated values of the pointing accuracy of the telescope were consistent with the measured values,with a maximum error of less than 10%.展开更多
The diversity of the old people’s leisure ways in urban life has been paid more and more attention in China.As a way of intervention,community farm can better fit the slow pace of life of the elderly group.The paper ...The diversity of the old people’s leisure ways in urban life has been paid more and more attention in China.As a way of intervention,community farm can better fit the slow pace of life of the elderly group.The paper discusses the design and operation strategy of community farm under the background of aging population in China,aiming to create a more suitable and comfortable living environment for the elderly group.The results will provide experience and theoretical guidance for the construction of community farms and elderly-oriented development.展开更多
In this paper,combined with the relevant speed theory and characteristics of the law,the current highway speed transition design problems are studied and analyzed.In the process of specific analysis,mainly combined wi...In this paper,combined with the relevant speed theory and characteristics of the law,the current highway speed transition design problems are studied and analyzed.In the process of specific analysis,mainly combined with the characteristics of different types of highway speed changes and road section design requirements,this paper studies and analyzes the design methods of different types of highway speed transition section.And on this basis,according to the design principles and requirements of highway operation speed transition section,the paper summarizes the matters needing attention in the design of highway operation speed transition section,in order to provide certain reference value for relevant personnel.展开更多
Highway is an important type of road in China’s road network,and it also carries a larger portion of transportation task.Safety is the first indicator in the stage of its use,so it is necessary to carry out safety de...Highway is an important type of road in China’s road network,and it also carries a larger portion of transportation task.Safety is the first indicator in the stage of its use,so it is necessary to carry out safety design focusing on the highway interchange exit ramp to effectively prevent traffic accidents.Therefore,in this paper,the important significance of the safety design of the highway interchange exit ramp and the key factors affecting its safety were discussed and studied in detail,and finally corresponding strategies were proposed for discussion and communication.展开更多
The construction of a mountain expressway is critical to the development of the mountain economy and the creation of mountain areas.However,since the service life of many mountain expressways continues to increase,mun...The construction of a mountain expressway is critical to the development of the mountain economy and the creation of mountain areas.However,since the service life of many mountain expressways continues to increase,municipal transformation design is required to improve the smoothness of the expressway,make efficient use of space,and reduce resource waste.The author investigates the current challenges in the construction of a mountainous expressway and proposes an effective method for municipal reconstruction design of a mountainous expressway,in the hopes of assisting in the optimization and development of the mountainous expressway.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91963206,21932004,21872067,22172072)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2021YFA1500301)。
文摘Under the new energy resource structure,electrocatalysts are key materials for the development of proton membrane fuel cells,electrolysis of aquatic hydrogen devices,and carbon dioxide reduction equipment,to address energy shortages and even environmental pollution issues.Although controlling the morphology or doping with heteroatoms for catalyst active centers have accelerated the reaction rate,it is difficult to solve the problems of multiple by-products,and poor stability of catalytic sites.From this,it will be seen that single regulation of metal active centers is difficult to comprehensively solve application problems.Orderly assembly and coordination of catalyst multi-hierarchy structures at the mesoscale above the nanometer level probably be more reasonable strategies,and numerous studies in thermal catalysis have supported this viewpoint.This article reviews the multi-hierarchy design of electrocatalyst active centers,high-energy supports,and peripheral structures in recent years,providing unconventional inspiration about electrocatalyst creation,which perhaps serves as a simple tutorial of electrocatalysis exploration for abecedarian.
文摘With the accelerated development and utilization of urban underground space,the underground space design of complex based on rail transit has attracted much attention.By sorting out the integration concept and constructing the logical framework of integrated design,the integrated design strategy is proposed from the aspects of function,transportation,space and environment on the urban scale,and the evaluation points of integrated design effect are put forward from the aspects of accessibility,coordination,openness and symbolism.
文摘Based on the functions and characteristics of the interchange collector-distributor lanes,with Harbin as an example,it is proposed in this paper that the local characteristics and traffic flow characteristics should be considered in the design of the interchange collector-distributor lanes,which includes the analysis of function,location,and many other aspects,in hopes to provide reference for the design of collector-distributor lanes in other regions of our country.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development program of China(2021YFB4001200,2021YFB4001202)the National Nature Science Foundation of China(22279129)。
文摘Alkaline Zn-based primary batteries have been commercialized in the past decades.However,their success has not been extended to secondary batteries due to the poor cycle reversibility of Zn anodes.Although some research has been conducted on alkaline Zn anodes,their performance is still far from commercial requirements.A variety of degradation mechanisms,including passivation,dendrites,morphological changes,and hydrogen precipitation,are claimed responsible for the failure of alkaline Zn metal anodes.What’s worse,these constraints always interact with each other,which leads to a single strategy being unable to suppress all the issues.Therefore,a comprehensive evaluation of the positive and negative effects of various strategies on performance is important to promote the commercialization of alkaline Zn batteries.Herein,the recent progress and performance of improvement strategies for Zn anode in alkaline conditions are reviewed systematically.First,the principles and challenges of alkaline Zn anodes are briefly analyzed.Then,various design strategies for alkaline Zn anodes from the perspectives of ion and electron regulation are highlighted.Last,through a comprehensive summary of various performance parameters,the advantages and disadvantages of different strategies are compared and evaluated.On the basis of this assessment,we aim to provide more insights into the anode design of high-performance alkaline rechargeable Zn batteries.
文摘Based on the analysis of the concept,core,research content and method of service design,this paper explains the necessity of service design to participate in digital display,and further discusses how service design integrates with digital display,how to redesign the digital display system under the intervention of service design,and how to integrate user needs into it at all times.Finally,the design strategy of digital display under the concept of service design is proposed.
文摘Under the rapid development of socio-economy and urbanization,the state’s attention toward urban infrastructure continues to increase.The construction of municipal road and bridge projects is related to people’s daily travel and transport safety,and it also plays an important role in promoting urban economic development.Therefore,modern technology should be fully utilized in the design of municipal roads and bridges to strengthen construction cost control and increase their social and economic benefits.In this paper,the characteristics and application status of BIM technology in municipal road and bridge design are analyzed,and corresponding road and bridge design strategies are explored to promote the healthy development of municipal road and bridge projects.
文摘Slope ecological protection technology is a form of slope protection with high ornamental and good economic value.At present,it is widely used in highways and urban streets’slope protection works.However,its use is not very common in mountain tourism highways;hence,it is necessary to implement strategies for mountain tourism highway slope ecological protection design to promote excellent development.
基金Sponsored by Stage Achievements of Major Projects of Humanities and Social Sciences in Colleges and Universities of Anhui Province (SK2021ZD0036)。
文摘The memorial hall is an important place to learn red culture in China,which plays a positive role in carrying forward red culture and continuing revolutionary spirit.The outline of the “14^(th) Five-year” plan points out that “it should adhere to the integrated development,shape tourism with culture,highlight culture with tourism,and improve the system of integrated development of culture and tourism”.On this basis,it is proposed that the development of memorial halls in the new era needs the integration of culture and tourism.In this paper,the protection status of red culture of Hehan Detachment is investigated,and its existing problems are analyzed.The construction of Hehan Detachment Memorial Hall is taken as research object.The design strategy of the memorial hall is put forward,and rural red culture undertakings and the integrated development of culture and tourism industry are further established and improved.The research could provide a valuable reference for continuing red culture undertakings and innovating the development of culture and tourism industry at present.
文摘Highway is an important kind of infrastructure which the transportation sector depends on.The rationality of the interchange design between urban roads and expressways is related to the relieving of urban traffic pressure.Based on the status quo of interchange design between urban roads and expressways,this paper discusses the types and applications of interchange design,hoping to provide reference for the design and construction of highway projects and ensure the rationality of interchange design.
文摘Background and Objective: A multitude of large cohort studies have data on incidence rates and predictors of various chronic diseases. However, approaches for utilization of these costly collected data and translation of these?valuable results to inform and guide clinical disease prevention practice are?not well developed. In this paper we proposed a novel conceptual group/community disease prevention design strategy based on large cohort study data. Methods and Results: The data from participants (n = 3516;2056 women) aged 45 to 74 years and the diabetes risk prediction model from Strong Heart Study were used. The Strong Heart Study is a population-based cohort study of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors in American Indians. A conceptual group/community disease prevention design strategy based on large cohort data was initiated. The application of the proposed strategy for group diabetes prevention was illustrated. Discussion: The strategy may provide reasonable solutions to the prevention design issues. These issues include complex associations of a disease with its combined and correlated risk factors, individual differences, choosing intervention risk factors and setting their appropriate, attainable, gradual and adaptive goal levels for different subgroups, and assessing effectiveness of the prevention program. Conclusions: The strategy and methods shown in the illustration example can be analogously adopted and applied for other diseases preventions. The proposed strategy for a target group/community in a population provides a way to translate and apply epidemiological study results to clinical disease prevention practice.
文摘Background and Objective: A multitude of large cohort studies have collected data on incidence and covariates/risk factors of various chronic diseases. However, approaches for utilization of these large data and translation of the valuable results to inform and guide clinical disease prevention practice are not well developed. In this paper, we proposed, based on large cohort study data, a novel conceptual cost-effective disease prevention design strategy for a target group when it is not affordable to include everyone in the target group for intervention. Methods and Results: Data from American Indian participants (n = 3516;2056 women) aged 45 - 74 years in the Strong Heart Study, the diabetes risk prediction model from the study, a utility function, and regression models were used. A conceptual cost-effective disease prevention design strategy based on large cohort data was initiated. The application of the proposed strategy for diabetes prevention was illustrated. Discussion: The strategy may provide reasonable solutions to address cost-effective prevention design issues. These issues include complex associations of a disease with its significant risk factors, cost-effectively selecting individuals at high risk of developing disease to undergo intervention, individual differences in health conditions, choosing intervention risk factors and setting their appropriate, attainable, gradual and adaptive goal levels for different subgroups, and assessing effectiveness of the prevention program. Conclusions: The strategy and methods shown in the illustrative example can also be analogously adopted and applied to other diseases preventions. The proposed strategy provides a way to translate and apply epidemiological study results to clinical disease prevention practice.
基金Sponsored by Youth Fund Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51608009)Youth Top Talent Training Project of Support Plan for the Construction of High-level Teachers of Beijing Municipal Colleges and Universities in 2019(CIT&TCD201904010).
文摘Improving rural living environment is an important support for farmers to live and work in peace and contentment,which is of great significance to the shaping of happy and livable homes in rural areas under the background of "beautiful countryside".Through the comprehensive renovation of the beautiful countryside,great progress has been made in improving the rural living environment in Beijing,but there are still problems in rural settlement landscape such as poor quality of landscape environment,low utilization rate of public space,and insufficient protection of traditional features.This study took the design strategy of rural settlement landscape as the research entry point,took the rural high-quality landscape environment demand and the beautiful rural construction goal as the double guidance,explored the design strategy of improving the quality of rural settlement landscape through the methods of field survey and questionnaire survey,and put forward the following design points:①From the perspective of overall consideration and advantage integration,the overall framework of rural settlement landscape should comprehensively consider rural architectural landscape and living environment landscape;②efforts should be made to create public spaces such as the village landscape image Avenue,landscape sharing garden,and open courtyard in front of the house,so as to improve the environmental quality and spatial vitality of the village;③strengthen the protection of the traditional features of the village,such as the famous ancient trees,the texture of the courtyard,the quality of residential buildings,etc.with a view to promoting the improvement and overall improvement of the rural environment.
文摘Nowadays,the scope of bridge construction projects in China is becoming wider,which promotes China's economic development to a large extent and also improves China's transportation system.Meanwhile,people also put forward new requirements for the quality of steel structure bridges.However,in actual design,due to the influence of many fectors,some problems are inevitable,which will affect the integrity of the design.Therefore,the designer needs to fully grasp the possible design problems,and then take efiective measures to improve the integrity of the design scheme,so as to ensure the quality of the steel structure bridge and improves the safety of the steel structure bridge from the fundamentals.This paper mainly focuses on steel structure bridges,analyzed the current status of steel structure bridge types and their selection,and proposes the integrity design strategy of steel structure bridges.
基金Sponsored by Graduate Innovation Fund of Jiangxi Normal University in 2016(YJS2016059)Teaching Reform Research Subject of Jiangxi Higher School(JXJG-15-2-29)
文摘Under the background of new urbanization development, landscape design of cave dwelling settlement should be valued. By mining and cognizing cave culture, the connotation and space type of cave dwelling settlement in Guanzhong region are analyzed, and landscape design strategies on natural environment, street space, courtyard space, public space, architectural form and landscape element of cave dwel ing are proposed, which could provide some systematic theory suggestions for land design highlighting regional characteristics.
文摘Traditional CAD technique does not support the design processes such as function definition, conceptual design and preliminary design, which are most creative and play significant roles on the design quality. Because scheme design has close relationship with product structure, performance and technology cost, it is important for applying the intelligent CAD of scheme design to improve the quality and competitive level of the product. The definition and function of welding positioner are discussed in this paper. The new definition of welding positioner extends the research scope of welding positioner to welding fixture and welding positioning motion mechanism. The design process of welding fixture and positioning motion system is described, and the cased based and knowledge based design strategy of welding positioner scheme design intelligent CAD is then put forward, which lays foundation for developing proto type system of welding positioner scheme design.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51775402 and U1931139)
文摘The Qi Tai Telescope(QTT),which has a 110 m aperture,is planned to be the largest scale steerable tele-scope in the world.Ideally,the telescope’s repeated pointing accuracy error should be less than 2.5 arc seconds(arcsec);thus,the telescope structure must satisfy ultra-high precision requirements.In this pur-suit,the present research envisages a reverse-design method for the track surface to reduce the difficulty of the telescope’s design and manufacture.First,the distribution characteristics of the test data for the track error were verified using the skewness coefficient and kurtosis coefficient methods.According to the distribution characteristics,the azimuth track error was simulated by a two-scale model.The error of the long period and short amplitude was characterized as large-scale and described by a trigonometric function,while the short period and high amplitude error was characterized as small-scale and simulated by a fractal function.Based on the two-scale model,effect of the error on the pointing accuracy was deduced.Subsequently,the relationship between the root mean square(RMS)of the track error and the RMS of the pointing accuracy error of the telescope was deduced.Finally,the allowable RMS value of the track error was derived from the allowable pointing accuracy errors.To validate the effectiveness of the new design method,two typical radio telescopes(the Green Bank Telescope(GBT)and the Large Millimeter Telescope(LMT))were selected as experimental examples.Through comparison,the theoretical calculated values of the pointing accuracy of the telescope were consistent with the measured values,with a maximum error of less than 10%.
文摘The diversity of the old people’s leisure ways in urban life has been paid more and more attention in China.As a way of intervention,community farm can better fit the slow pace of life of the elderly group.The paper discusses the design and operation strategy of community farm under the background of aging population in China,aiming to create a more suitable and comfortable living environment for the elderly group.The results will provide experience and theoretical guidance for the construction of community farms and elderly-oriented development.
文摘In this paper,combined with the relevant speed theory and characteristics of the law,the current highway speed transition design problems are studied and analyzed.In the process of specific analysis,mainly combined with the characteristics of different types of highway speed changes and road section design requirements,this paper studies and analyzes the design methods of different types of highway speed transition section.And on this basis,according to the design principles and requirements of highway operation speed transition section,the paper summarizes the matters needing attention in the design of highway operation speed transition section,in order to provide certain reference value for relevant personnel.
文摘Highway is an important type of road in China’s road network,and it also carries a larger portion of transportation task.Safety is the first indicator in the stage of its use,so it is necessary to carry out safety design focusing on the highway interchange exit ramp to effectively prevent traffic accidents.Therefore,in this paper,the important significance of the safety design of the highway interchange exit ramp and the key factors affecting its safety were discussed and studied in detail,and finally corresponding strategies were proposed for discussion and communication.
文摘The construction of a mountain expressway is critical to the development of the mountain economy and the creation of mountain areas.However,since the service life of many mountain expressways continues to increase,municipal transformation design is required to improve the smoothness of the expressway,make efficient use of space,and reduce resource waste.The author investigates the current challenges in the construction of a mountainous expressway and proposes an effective method for municipal reconstruction design of a mountainous expressway,in the hopes of assisting in the optimization and development of the mountainous expressway.
