It is known that in psychiatry, despite the introduction of standardized system, there is still a portion of diagnostic instability. This study aims to evaluate the stability of psychiatric diagnoses in a cohort of pa...It is known that in psychiatry, despite the introduction of standardized system, there is still a portion of diagnostic instability. This study aims to evaluate the stability of psychiatric diagnoses in a cohort of patients with dual diagnosis, under treatment of the Dependence Department of the Local Health Unit n.8 Veneto, Italy. 34 patients with opioid dependence, in treatment with methadone or buprenorphine, have been evaluated. They had participated to a previous study in 2006, in which psychiatric comorbidity was documented. These 34 patients have been retested with some of the tests already used in 2006: M.I.N.I. (for Axis I) and S.C.I.D. II (for Axis II). The preceding evaluations and those current have been compared to assess the stability of psychiatric diagnosis. Almost all patients (95%) had at least a change of diagnosis. Psychoses are the most stable diagnoses. Also the substance use disorder is quite stable (80%). Neuroses are more unstable. Personality disorders showed greater variability. Personality disorders appear more unstable in dual diagnosis. The diagnosis of personality disorder based on DSM, common in drug addicts, requires caution. Anyway, the longitudinal observation is important for a correct diagnosis.展开更多
The present work establishes a systematic approach based on the application of in-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for the investigation of the crystal structure, thermal stability, redox behavior...The present work establishes a systematic approach based on the application of in-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for the investigation of the crystal structure, thermal stability, redox behavior (temperature-programmed reduction/temperatureprogrammed re-oxidation) as well as the catalytic properties of Co3O4 thin films. The syntheses of Co3O4 were achieved by chemical vapor deposition in the temperature range of 400-500℃. The structure analysis of the as-prepared material revealed the presence of two prominent IR bands peaking at 544 cm-1 (υ1) and 650 cm-1 (υ2) respectively, which originate from the stretching vibrations of the Co-O bond, characteristic of the Co3O4 spinel. The lattice stability limit of Co3O4 was estimated to be above 650℃. The redox properties of the spinel structure were determined by integrating the area under the emission bands υ1 and υ2 as a function of the temperature. Moreover, Co3O4 has been successfully tested as a catalyst towards complete oxidation of dimethyl ether below 340 ℃. The exhaust gas analysis during the catalytic process by in situ absorption FTIR revealed that only CO2 and H2O were detected as the final products in the catalytic reaction. The redox behavior suggests that the oxidation of dimethyl ether over Co3O4 follows a Mars-van Krevelen type mechanism. The comprehensive application of in situ FTIR provides a novel diagnostic tool in characterization and performance test of catalysts.展开更多
文摘It is known that in psychiatry, despite the introduction of standardized system, there is still a portion of diagnostic instability. This study aims to evaluate the stability of psychiatric diagnoses in a cohort of patients with dual diagnosis, under treatment of the Dependence Department of the Local Health Unit n.8 Veneto, Italy. 34 patients with opioid dependence, in treatment with methadone or buprenorphine, have been evaluated. They had participated to a previous study in 2006, in which psychiatric comorbidity was documented. These 34 patients have been retested with some of the tests already used in 2006: M.I.N.I. (for Axis I) and S.C.I.D. II (for Axis II). The preceding evaluations and those current have been compared to assess the stability of psychiatric diagnosis. Almost all patients (95%) had at least a change of diagnosis. Psychoses are the most stable diagnoses. Also the substance use disorder is quite stable (80%). Neuroses are more unstable. Personality disorders showed greater variability. Personality disorders appear more unstable in dual diagnosis. The diagnosis of personality disorder based on DSM, common in drug addicts, requires caution. Anyway, the longitudinal observation is important for a correct diagnosis.
文摘The present work establishes a systematic approach based on the application of in-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for the investigation of the crystal structure, thermal stability, redox behavior (temperature-programmed reduction/temperatureprogrammed re-oxidation) as well as the catalytic properties of Co3O4 thin films. The syntheses of Co3O4 were achieved by chemical vapor deposition in the temperature range of 400-500℃. The structure analysis of the as-prepared material revealed the presence of two prominent IR bands peaking at 544 cm-1 (υ1) and 650 cm-1 (υ2) respectively, which originate from the stretching vibrations of the Co-O bond, characteristic of the Co3O4 spinel. The lattice stability limit of Co3O4 was estimated to be above 650℃. The redox properties of the spinel structure were determined by integrating the area under the emission bands υ1 and υ2 as a function of the temperature. Moreover, Co3O4 has been successfully tested as a catalyst towards complete oxidation of dimethyl ether below 340 ℃. The exhaust gas analysis during the catalytic process by in situ absorption FTIR revealed that only CO2 and H2O were detected as the final products in the catalytic reaction. The redox behavior suggests that the oxidation of dimethyl ether over Co3O4 follows a Mars-van Krevelen type mechanism. The comprehensive application of in situ FTIR provides a novel diagnostic tool in characterization and performance test of catalysts.