This paper explores the advantages and disadvantages of paper printed and on-line dictionaries in terms of macrostructure and microstructure,availability,portability and practicality etc.Different kinds of dictionarie...This paper explores the advantages and disadvantages of paper printed and on-line dictionaries in terms of macrostructure and microstructure,availability,portability and practicality etc.Different kinds of dictionaries have unique features that cannot be fully replaced by other kinds.展开更多
Traditionally, in the field of bilingual lexicography, the main task for lexicographers is to provide lexical equivalents in bilingual dictionaries by all possible means. And accordingly, how to provide appropriate or...Traditionally, in the field of bilingual lexicography, the main task for lexicographers is to provide lexical equivalents in bilingual dictionaries by all possible means. And accordingly, how to provide appropriate or satisfying translation equivalents in bilingual dictionaries is always the centre of attention in bilingual metalexicography. However, the history of bilingual lexicography shows that it has never been an easy task, because of linguistic and cultural anisomorphism. The usual compromise made by most lexicographers is to introduce partial or explanatory equivalents. This recourse means that most bilingual lexicographers, unfortunately, more than often, fail to meet the needs of foreign language learners. Certain misconceptions about the translation equivalents emerge among the language learners, which explains the awkward situation that besets bilingual exicographers. The present contribution aims at perceiving lexicographical translation as a dynamic process by which an adequate semantic system in the target language would be set up to serve as a functionally equivalent defining system. By doing this, bilingual lexicographers should establish a powerful target language semantic network, in which lexicographical sections like verbal illustrations, usage notes and etymologies, etc. would be considered together with the translation equivalents as an integrated whole. This is an attempt to describe the essential features of lexicographical translation and its multi-disciplinary theoretical basis, in the hope that future practice in bilingual lexicography might be improved.展开更多
The transform base function method is one of the most commonly used techniques for seismic denoising, which achieves the purpose of removing noise by utilizing the sparseness and separateness of seismic data in the tr...The transform base function method is one of the most commonly used techniques for seismic denoising, which achieves the purpose of removing noise by utilizing the sparseness and separateness of seismic data in the transform base function domain. However, the effect is not satisfactory because it needs to pre-select a set of fixed transform-base functions and process the corresponding transform. In order to find a new approach, we introduce learning-type overcomplete dictionaries, i.e., optimally sparse data representation is achieved through learning and training driven by seismic modeling data, instead of using a single set of fixed transform bases. In this paper, we combine dictionary learning with total variation （TV） minimization to suppress pseudo-Gibbs artifacts and describe the effects of non-uniform dictionary sub-block scale on removing noises. Taking the discrete cosine transform and random noise as an example, we made comparisons between a single transform base, non-learning-type, overcomplete dictionary and a learning-type overcomplete dictionary and also compare the results with uniform and nonuniform size dictionary atoms. The results show that, when seismic data is represented sparsely using the learning-type overcomplete dictionary, noise is also removed and visibility and signal to noise ratio is markedly increased. We also compare the results with uniform and nonuniform size dictionary atoms, which demonstrate that a nonuniform dictionary atom is more suitable for seismic denoising.展开更多
As a major resource and tool of language learning, learner’s dictionaries have provided sufficient information forL2 writing, which serves as a good guide of peer feedback. Hence, learner’s dictionaries are an indis...As a major resource and tool of language learning, learner’s dictionaries have provided sufficient information forL2 writing, which serves as a good guide of peer feedback. Hence, learner’s dictionaries are an indispensable partof scaffolding in the L2 writing feedback system. However, the effects of dictionary use in L2 writing have longbeen ignored either in L2 writing pedagogy or in learner lexicography. By applying the concept of “scaffolding” topeer feedback as the theoretical framework, this study first clarifies three distinct types of scaffolding informationpresented in current English learner’s dictionaries, and then makes an investigation into EFL learners’ perceptionand practical use of scaffolding information in their English writing. Results show that most EFL learners havepositive attitudes towards scaffolding information and its role in motivating effective feedback in English writing.But their practical use of such information is not satisfactory owing to their inadequate skills and knowledge ofdictionary use. This reflects a high demand of a dictionary use course in universities, which will help to raise EFLlearners’ dictionary use efficiency as well as improve English teachers’ lexicographical expertise in English writingpedagogy.展开更多
This article intends to demonstrate the principles for dictionary compilation.To summarize,general rules are to be followed.At the same time,this article probes into the differences of Chinese to Chinese dictionary,Ch...This article intends to demonstrate the principles for dictionary compilation.To summarize,general rules are to be followed.At the same time,this article probes into the differences of Chinese to Chinese dictionary,Chinese to foreign language dictionary,dictionaries for the preparation of certain exams,learner’s dictionaries for reviewing errors,dictionaries with multimedia and dictionaries built via the Internet..In all,one of the key factors for dictionary compilation is the professionalism of editors and writers.The training of the people involved is vital,which would contribute to setting up a better order of the market.Acknowledgements should also be given to achievements in dictionary compilation.Revisions and polishing are required to improve the dictionaries on the market that have already won the acclaim so as to put their influence to the best display.展开更多
In the time-frequency analysis of seismic signals, the matching pursuit algorithm is an effective tool for non-stationary signals, and has high time-frequency resolution and a transient structure with local self-adapt...In the time-frequency analysis of seismic signals, the matching pursuit algorithm is an effective tool for non-stationary signals, and has high time-frequency resolution and a transient structure with local self-adaption. We expand the time-frequency dictionary library with Ricker, Morlet, and mixed phase seismic wavelets, to make the method more suitable for seismic signal time-frequency decomposition. In this paper, we demonstrated the algorithm theory using synthetic seismic data, and tested the method using synthetic data with 25% noise. We compared the matching pursuit results of the time-frequency dictionaries. The results indicated that the dictionary which matched the signal characteristics better would obtain better results, and can reflect the information of seismic data effectively.展开更多
The synthetic defining style, a predominant way used to define verbs in many dictionaries, is the main factor that makes dictionary definitions vague and incomplete. The present paper argues that instead of the synthe...The synthetic defining style, a predominant way used to define verbs in many dictionaries, is the main factor that makes dictionary definitions vague and incomplete. The present paper argues that instead of the synthetic defining mode, an analytical meaning-explaining way should be used in dictionaries designed for SLA learners. The analytical meanings of verbs are viewed as mini-narratives and form event schemata comprised of three sub-schemata, namely, participant schema, action schema and scenario schema. The three sub-schemata should be clearly fore-grounded in verbs＇ definitions in learners＇ dictionaries.展开更多
This paper demonstrates the relationship between translators and dictionaries, and the proper approaches to using dictionaries. Dictionaries play an indispensable role in translation through providing definitions and ...This paper demonstrates the relationship between translators and dictionaries, and the proper approaches to using dictionaries. Dictionaries play an indispensable role in translation through providing definitions and showing various translation skills. However, translators should handle properly the dictionary definition for each word, and interpret within context with consideration of its target readers and the possible effect the translation will possibly have on them.展开更多
At present, although the human speech separation has achieved fruitful results, it is not ideal for the separation of singing and accompaniment. Based on low-rank and sparse optimization theory, in this paper, we prop...At present, although the human speech separation has achieved fruitful results, it is not ideal for the separation of singing and accompaniment. Based on low-rank and sparse optimization theory, in this paper, we propose a new singing voice separation algorithm called Low-rank, Sparse Representation with pre-learned dictionaries and side Information (LSRi). The algorithm incorporates both the vocal and instrumental spectrograms as sparse matrix and low-rank matrix, meanwhile combines pre-learning dictionary and the reconstructed voice spectrogram form the annotation. Evaluations on the iKala dataset show that the proposed methods are effective and efficient for singing voice separation.展开更多
Web search engines are important tools for lexicography.This paper takes translation of business terms("e-commerce"and"e-business")as an example to illustrate the application of web search engines ...Web search engines are important tools for lexicography.This paper takes translation of business terms("e-commerce"and"e-business")as an example to illustrate the application of web search engines in English-Chinese dictionary translation,including the methods of(1)finding the potential Chinese equivalents of the English business terms,and(2)selecting typical and proper Chinese equivalents in accordance with the frequencies and the meanings of the English business terms respectively.展开更多
Dictionaries should present business encyclopedic knowledge as well as business linguistic knowledge. This paper, taking Incoterms for international trade as an example （with ＂CIF＂ as the case for analysis）, intro...Dictionaries should present business encyclopedic knowledge as well as business linguistic knowledge. This paper, taking Incoterms for international trade as an example （with ＂CIF＂ as the case for analysis）, introduces 7 types of dictionary structures （overall structure, frame stzucture/megastrncture, macrostructure, microstzucture, distribution structure, cross-reference stzucture/mediostrncture and access structure）, summarizes the knowledge system of international trade terms （consisting of ＂international trade＂, ＂sets of rules of international trade terms＂, ＂Incoterms 2010＂, and ＂CIF＂）, and illustrates the methods of systematically presenting the knowledge system of international trade terms through dictionary structures in an English-English-Chinese bilingualized business English learners＇ dictionary with Oxford Business English Dictionary for Learners of English （New Edition） as a reference. Such presentation is intended for enhancing business English learners as dictionary users to grasp the knowledge of international trade terms as a whole.展开更多
The study, conducted in the academic year 2008, explores the potential differences in the use of a dictionary in support of a standard writing task by two student groups at two different proficiency levels. Fifty seve...The study, conducted in the academic year 2008, explores the potential differences in the use of a dictionary in support of a standard writing task by two student groups at two different proficiency levels. Fifty seven students working on a real classroom assignment were observed; in order to make sure that the subjects behaved as they normally would, they had not been informed that their dictionary behavior was to be observed. The study which shows that the need for a dictionary is smaller in the case of more advanced students may be of interest to those foreign language teachers who fear that giving a student an unlimited access to a dictionary may hamper the development of his expressive abilities. In turn, a marked preference on the part of more advanced students for an L I-L2, paralleled by a sustained interest in information categories typically placed in foreign learner＇s dictionaries suggests that advanced language learners writing in English would probably opt for a lexicographic product combining the best of both dictionary types： an LI-L2 and an MLD.展开更多
A sub-Nyquist radar receiver based on photonics-assisted compressed sensing is proposed.Cascaded dictionaries are applied to extract the delay and the Doppler frequency of the echo signals,which do not need to accumul...A sub-Nyquist radar receiver based on photonics-assisted compressed sensing is proposed.Cascaded dictionaries are applied to extract the delay and the Doppler frequency of the echo signals,which do not need to accumulate multiple echo periods and can achieve better Doppler accuracy.An experiment is performed.Radar echoes with different delays and Doppler frequencies are undersampled and successfully reconstructed to obtain the delay and Doppler information of the targets.Experimental results show that the average reconstruction error of the Doppler frequency is 5.33 kHz using an 8-μs radar signal under the compression ratio of 5.The proposed method provides a promising solution for the sub-Nyquist radar receiver.展开更多
In electromagnetic countermeasures circumstances,synthetic aperture radar(SAR)imagery usually suffers from severe quality degradation from modulated interrupt sampling repeater jamming(MISRJ),which usually owes consid...In electromagnetic countermeasures circumstances,synthetic aperture radar(SAR)imagery usually suffers from severe quality degradation from modulated interrupt sampling repeater jamming(MISRJ),which usually owes considerable coherence with the SAR transmission waveform together with periodical modulation patterns.This paper develops an MISRJ suppression algorithm for SAR imagery with online dictionary learning.In the algorithm,the jamming modulation temporal properties are exploited with extracting and sorting MISRJ slices using fast-time autocorrelation.Online dictionary learning is followed to separate real signals from jamming slices.Under the learned representation,time-varying MISRJs are suppressed effectively.Both simulated and real-measured SAR data are also used to confirm advantages in suppressing time-varying MISRJs over traditional methods.展开更多
In order to improve the super-resolution reconstruction effect of the single image, a novel multiple dictionaries learning via support vector regression(SVR) and improved iterative back-projection(IBP) are proposed.To...In order to improve the super-resolution reconstruction effect of the single image, a novel multiple dictionaries learning via support vector regression(SVR) and improved iterative back-projection(IBP) are proposed.To characterize the image structure, the low-frequency dictionary is constructed from the normalized brightness of low-frequency image patches in a discrete-cosine-transform(DCT) domain.Pixels determined by Gaussian weighting are added to the input vector to restore more high-frequency information when training the high-frequency image patch dictionary in the space domain.During post-processing, the improved IBP is employed to reduce regression errors each time.Experiment results show that the peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR)and structural similarity(SSIM) of the proposed method are enhanced by 1.6%—5.5% and 1.5%—13.1% compared with those of bicubic interpolation, and the proposed method visually outperforms several algorithms.展开更多
Massive machine type communication aims to support the connection of massive devices,which is still an important scenario in 6G.In this paper,a novel cluster-based massive access method is proposed for massive multipl...Massive machine type communication aims to support the connection of massive devices,which is still an important scenario in 6G.In this paper,a novel cluster-based massive access method is proposed for massive multiple input multiple output systems.By exploiting the angular domain characteristics,devices are separated into multiple clusters with a learned cluster-specific dictionary,which enhances the identification of active devices.For detected active devices whose data recovery fails,power domain nonorthogonal multiple access with successive interference cancellation is employed to recover their data via re-transmission.Simulation results show that the proposed scheme and algorithm achieve improved performance on active user detection and data recovery.展开更多
This study introduces a pre-orthogonal adaptive Fourier decomposition(POAFD)to obtain approximations and numerical solutions to the fractional Laplacian initial value problem and the extension problem of Caffarelli an...This study introduces a pre-orthogonal adaptive Fourier decomposition(POAFD)to obtain approximations and numerical solutions to the fractional Laplacian initial value problem and the extension problem of Caffarelli and Silvestre(generalized Poisson equation).As a first step,the method expands the initial data function into a sparse series of the fundamental solutions with fast convergence,and,as a second step,makes use of the semigroup or the reproducing kernel property of each of the expanding entries.Experiments show the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed series solutions.展开更多
Traditional information hiding techniques achieve information hiding by modifying carrier data,which can easily leave detectable traces that may be detected by steganalysis tools.Especially in image transmission,both ...Traditional information hiding techniques achieve information hiding by modifying carrier data,which can easily leave detectable traces that may be detected by steganalysis tools.Especially in image transmission,both geometric and non-geometric attacks can cause subtle changes in the pixels of the image during transmission.To overcome these challenges,we propose a constructive robust image steganography technique based on style transformation.Unlike traditional steganography,our algorithm does not involve any direct modifications to the carrier data.In this study,we constructed a mapping dictionary by setting the correspondence between binary codes and image categories and then used the mapping dictionary to map secret information to secret images.Through image semantic segmentation and style transfer techniques,we combined the style of secret images with the content of public images to generate stego images.This type of stego image can resist interference during public channel transmission,ensuring the secure transmission of information.At the receiving end,we input the stego image into a trained secret image reconstruction network,which can effectively reconstruct the original secret image and further recover the secret information through a mapping dictionary to ensure the security,accuracy,and efficient decoding of the information.The experimental results show that this constructive information hiding method based on style transfer improves the security of information hiding,enhances the robustness of the algorithm to various attacks,and ensures information security.展开更多
Although the middle construction has attracted significant attention from syntacticians, its identity still remains controversial and it is not treated as a separate grammatical category in any English learner＇s dict...Although the middle construction has attracted significant attention from syntacticians, its identity still remains controversial and it is not treated as a separate grammatical category in any English learner＇s dictionary. This article, based on the data collected from three English learner＇s dictionaries, investigates the middle construction in terms of its syntactic and semantic properties and the constraints on its use. It shows that the three learner＇s dictionaries treat the middle construction in inconsistent and problematic manners. The middle use of a verb is not distinguished from either transitive verbs with an implicit object or intransitive verbs, which may hinder English learners＇ acquisition of the construction. The article proposes that middle verbs should be treated as a separate subcategory of verbs on a par with transitive and intransitive verbs so that learners will become more aware of them and learn to use them correctly.展开更多
In geology, classification and lithological recognition of rocks plays an important role in the area of oil and gas exploration, mineral exploration and geological analysis. In other fields of activity such as constru...In geology, classification and lithological recognition of rocks plays an important role in the area of oil and gas exploration, mineral exploration and geological analysis. In other fields of activity such as construction and decoration, this classification makes sense and fully plays its role. However, this classification is slow, approximate and subjective. Automatic classification curbs this subjectivity and fills this gap by offering methods that reflect human perception. We propose a new approach to rock classification based on direct-view images of rocks. The aim is to take advantage of feature extraction methods to estimate a rock dictionary. In this work, we have developed a classification method obtained by concatenating four (4) K-SVD variants into a single signature. This method is based on the K-SVD algorithm combined with four (4) feature extraction techniques: DCT, Gabor filters, D-ALBPCSF and G-ALBPCSF, resulting in the four (4) variants named K-Gabor, K-DCT, KD-ALBPCSF and KD-ALBPCSF respectively. In this work, we developed a classification method obtained by concatenating four (4) variants of K-SVD. The performance of our method was evaluated on the basis of performance indicators such as accuracy with other 96% success rate.展开更多
文摘This paper explores the advantages and disadvantages of paper printed and on-line dictionaries in terms of macrostructure and microstructure,availability,portability and practicality etc.Different kinds of dictionaries have unique features that cannot be fully replaced by other kinds.
文摘Traditionally, in the field of bilingual lexicography, the main task for lexicographers is to provide lexical equivalents in bilingual dictionaries by all possible means. And accordingly, how to provide appropriate or satisfying translation equivalents in bilingual dictionaries is always the centre of attention in bilingual metalexicography. However, the history of bilingual lexicography shows that it has never been an easy task, because of linguistic and cultural anisomorphism. The usual compromise made by most lexicographers is to introduce partial or explanatory equivalents. This recourse means that most bilingual lexicographers, unfortunately, more than often, fail to meet the needs of foreign language learners. Certain misconceptions about the translation equivalents emerge among the language learners, which explains the awkward situation that besets bilingual exicographers. The present contribution aims at perceiving lexicographical translation as a dynamic process by which an adequate semantic system in the target language would be set up to serve as a functionally equivalent defining system. By doing this, bilingual lexicographers should establish a powerful target language semantic network, in which lexicographical sections like verbal illustrations, usage notes and etymologies, etc. would be considered together with the translation equivalents as an integrated whole. This is an attempt to describe the essential features of lexicographical translation and its multi-disciplinary theoretical basis, in the hope that future practice in bilingual lexicography might be improved.
基金supported by The National 973 program (No. 2007 CB209505)Basic Research Project of PetroChina's 12th Five Year Plan (No. 2011A-3601)RIPED Youth Innovation Foundation (No. 2010-A-26-01)
文摘The transform base function method is one of the most commonly used techniques for seismic denoising, which achieves the purpose of removing noise by utilizing the sparseness and separateness of seismic data in the transform base function domain. However, the effect is not satisfactory because it needs to pre-select a set of fixed transform-base functions and process the corresponding transform. In order to find a new approach, we introduce learning-type overcomplete dictionaries, i.e., optimally sparse data representation is achieved through learning and training driven by seismic modeling data, instead of using a single set of fixed transform bases. In this paper, we combine dictionary learning with total variation （TV） minimization to suppress pseudo-Gibbs artifacts and describe the effects of non-uniform dictionary sub-block scale on removing noises. Taking the discrete cosine transform and random noise as an example, we made comparisons between a single transform base, non-learning-type, overcomplete dictionary and a learning-type overcomplete dictionary and also compare the results with uniform and nonuniform size dictionary atoms. The results show that, when seismic data is represented sparsely using the learning-type overcomplete dictionary, noise is also removed and visibility and signal to noise ratio is markedly increased. We also compare the results with uniform and nonuniform size dictionary atoms, which demonstrate that a nonuniform dictionary atom is more suitable for seismic denoising.
文摘As a major resource and tool of language learning, learner’s dictionaries have provided sufficient information forL2 writing, which serves as a good guide of peer feedback. Hence, learner’s dictionaries are an indispensable partof scaffolding in the L2 writing feedback system. However, the effects of dictionary use in L2 writing have longbeen ignored either in L2 writing pedagogy or in learner lexicography. By applying the concept of “scaffolding” topeer feedback as the theoretical framework, this study first clarifies three distinct types of scaffolding informationpresented in current English learner’s dictionaries, and then makes an investigation into EFL learners’ perceptionand practical use of scaffolding information in their English writing. Results show that most EFL learners havepositive attitudes towards scaffolding information and its role in motivating effective feedback in English writing.But their practical use of such information is not satisfactory owing to their inadequate skills and knowledge ofdictionary use. This reflects a high demand of a dictionary use course in universities, which will help to raise EFLlearners’ dictionary use efficiency as well as improve English teachers’ lexicographical expertise in English writingpedagogy.
文摘This article intends to demonstrate the principles for dictionary compilation.To summarize,general rules are to be followed.At the same time,this article probes into the differences of Chinese to Chinese dictionary,Chinese to foreign language dictionary,dictionaries for the preparation of certain exams,learner’s dictionaries for reviewing errors,dictionaries with multimedia and dictionaries built via the Internet..In all,one of the key factors for dictionary compilation is the professionalism of editors and writers.The training of the people involved is vital,which would contribute to setting up a better order of the market.Acknowledgements should also be given to achievements in dictionary compilation.Revisions and polishing are required to improve the dictionaries on the market that have already won the acclaim so as to put their influence to the best display.
文摘In the time-frequency analysis of seismic signals, the matching pursuit algorithm is an effective tool for non-stationary signals, and has high time-frequency resolution and a transient structure with local self-adaption. We expand the time-frequency dictionary library with Ricker, Morlet, and mixed phase seismic wavelets, to make the method more suitable for seismic signal time-frequency decomposition. In this paper, we demonstrated the algorithm theory using synthetic seismic data, and tested the method using synthetic data with 25% noise. We compared the matching pursuit results of the time-frequency dictionaries. The results indicated that the dictionary which matched the signal characteristics better would obtain better results, and can reflect the information of seismic data effectively.
文摘The synthetic defining style, a predominant way used to define verbs in many dictionaries, is the main factor that makes dictionary definitions vague and incomplete. The present paper argues that instead of the synthetic defining mode, an analytical meaning-explaining way should be used in dictionaries designed for SLA learners. The analytical meanings of verbs are viewed as mini-narratives and form event schemata comprised of three sub-schemata, namely, participant schema, action schema and scenario schema. The three sub-schemata should be clearly fore-grounded in verbs＇ definitions in learners＇ dictionaries.
文摘This paper demonstrates the relationship between translators and dictionaries, and the proper approaches to using dictionaries. Dictionaries play an indispensable role in translation through providing definitions and showing various translation skills. However, translators should handle properly the dictionary definition for each word, and interpret within context with consideration of its target readers and the possible effect the translation will possibly have on them.
文摘At present, although the human speech separation has achieved fruitful results, it is not ideal for the separation of singing and accompaniment. Based on low-rank and sparse optimization theory, in this paper, we propose a new singing voice separation algorithm called Low-rank, Sparse Representation with pre-learned dictionaries and side Information (LSRi). The algorithm incorporates both the vocal and instrumental spectrograms as sparse matrix and low-rank matrix, meanwhile combines pre-learning dictionary and the reconstructed voice spectrogram form the annotation. Evaluations on the iKala dataset show that the proposed methods are effective and efficient for singing voice separation.
文摘Web search engines are important tools for lexicography.This paper takes translation of business terms("e-commerce"and"e-business")as an example to illustrate the application of web search engines in English-Chinese dictionary translation,including the methods of(1)finding the potential Chinese equivalents of the English business terms,and(2)selecting typical and proper Chinese equivalents in accordance with the frequencies and the meanings of the English business terms respectively.
文摘Dictionaries should present business encyclopedic knowledge as well as business linguistic knowledge. This paper, taking Incoterms for international trade as an example （with ＂CIF＂ as the case for analysis）, introduces 7 types of dictionary structures （overall structure, frame stzucture/megastrncture, macrostructure, microstzucture, distribution structure, cross-reference stzucture/mediostrncture and access structure）, summarizes the knowledge system of international trade terms （consisting of ＂international trade＂, ＂sets of rules of international trade terms＂, ＂Incoterms 2010＂, and ＂CIF＂）, and illustrates the methods of systematically presenting the knowledge system of international trade terms through dictionary structures in an English-English-Chinese bilingualized business English learners＇ dictionary with Oxford Business English Dictionary for Learners of English （New Edition） as a reference. Such presentation is intended for enhancing business English learners as dictionary users to grasp the knowledge of international trade terms as a whole.
文摘The study, conducted in the academic year 2008, explores the potential differences in the use of a dictionary in support of a standard writing task by two student groups at two different proficiency levels. Fifty seven students working on a real classroom assignment were observed; in order to make sure that the subjects behaved as they normally would, they had not been informed that their dictionary behavior was to be observed. The study which shows that the need for a dictionary is smaller in the case of more advanced students may be of interest to those foreign language teachers who fear that giving a student an unlimited access to a dictionary may hamper the development of his expressive abilities. In turn, a marked preference on the part of more advanced students for an L I-L2, paralleled by a sustained interest in information categories typically placed in foreign learner＇s dictionaries suggests that advanced language learners writing in English would probably opt for a lexicographic product combining the best of both dictionary types： an LI-L2 and an MLD.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.61971193)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(No.20ZR1416100)+2 种基金the Songshan Laboratory Pre-research Project(No.YYJC072022006)the Shanghai Aerospace Science and Technology Innovation Fund(No.SAST2022074)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.22DZ2229004)。
文摘A sub-Nyquist radar receiver based on photonics-assisted compressed sensing is proposed.Cascaded dictionaries are applied to extract the delay and the Doppler frequency of the echo signals,which do not need to accumulate multiple echo periods and can achieve better Doppler accuracy.An experiment is performed.Radar echoes with different delays and Doppler frequencies are undersampled and successfully reconstructed to obtain the delay and Doppler information of the targets.Experimental results show that the average reconstruction error of the Doppler frequency is 5.33 kHz using an 8-μs radar signal under the compression ratio of 5.The proposed method provides a promising solution for the sub-Nyquist radar receiver.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61771372,61771367,62101494)the National Outstanding Youth Science Fund Project(61525105)+1 种基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(KQTD20190929172704911)the Aeronautic al Science Foundation of China(2019200M1001)。
文摘In electromagnetic countermeasures circumstances,synthetic aperture radar(SAR)imagery usually suffers from severe quality degradation from modulated interrupt sampling repeater jamming(MISRJ),which usually owes considerable coherence with the SAR transmission waveform together with periodical modulation patterns.This paper develops an MISRJ suppression algorithm for SAR imagery with online dictionary learning.In the algorithm,the jamming modulation temporal properties are exploited with extracting and sorting MISRJ slices using fast-time autocorrelation.Online dictionary learning is followed to separate real signals from jamming slices.Under the learned representation,time-varying MISRJs are suppressed effectively.Both simulated and real-measured SAR data are also used to confirm advantages in suppressing time-varying MISRJs over traditional methods.
基金supported by the Tianjin Applied Basic and Frontier Technology Research Program of Youth Fund Funding Project(No.14JCQNJC00900)the Tianjin Education Commission Project(No.2018kj132)
文摘In order to improve the super-resolution reconstruction effect of the single image, a novel multiple dictionaries learning via support vector regression(SVR) and improved iterative back-projection(IBP) are proposed.To characterize the image structure, the low-frequency dictionary is constructed from the normalized brightness of low-frequency image patches in a discrete-cosine-transform(DCT) domain.Pixels determined by Gaussian weighting are added to the input vector to restore more high-frequency information when training the high-frequency image patch dictionary in the space domain.During post-processing, the improved IBP is employed to reduce regression errors each time.Experiment results show that the peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR)and structural similarity(SSIM) of the proposed method are enhanced by 1.6%—5.5% and 1.5%—13.1% compared with those of bicubic interpolation, and the proposed method visually outperforms several algorithms.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of China(62122012,62221001)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(L202019,L211012)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2022JBQY004)。
文摘Massive machine type communication aims to support the connection of massive devices,which is still an important scenario in 6G.In this paper,a novel cluster-based massive access method is proposed for massive multiple input multiple output systems.By exploiting the angular domain characteristics,devices are separated into multiple clusters with a learned cluster-specific dictionary,which enhances the identification of active devices.For detected active devices whose data recovery fails,power domain nonorthogonal multiple access with successive interference cancellation is employed to recover their data via re-transmission.Simulation results show that the proposed scheme and algorithm achieve improved performance on active user detection and data recovery.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Development Fund of Macao SAR(FDCT0128/2022/A,0020/2023/RIB1,0111/2023/AFJ,005/2022/ALC)the Shandong Natural Science Foundation of China(ZR2020MA004)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12071272)the MYRG 2018-00168-FSTZhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LQ23A010014).
文摘This study introduces a pre-orthogonal adaptive Fourier decomposition(POAFD)to obtain approximations and numerical solutions to the fractional Laplacian initial value problem and the extension problem of Caffarelli and Silvestre(generalized Poisson equation).As a first step,the method expands the initial data function into a sparse series of the fundamental solutions with fast convergence,and,as a second step,makes use of the semigroup or the reproducing kernel property of each of the expanding entries.Experiments show the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed series solutions.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62272478,61872384,62172436,62102451)Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(No.2023-JC-YB-584)Engineering University of PAP’s Funding for Key Researcher(No.KYGG202011).
文摘Traditional information hiding techniques achieve information hiding by modifying carrier data,which can easily leave detectable traces that may be detected by steganalysis tools.Especially in image transmission,both geometric and non-geometric attacks can cause subtle changes in the pixels of the image during transmission.To overcome these challenges,we propose a constructive robust image steganography technique based on style transformation.Unlike traditional steganography,our algorithm does not involve any direct modifications to the carrier data.In this study,we constructed a mapping dictionary by setting the correspondence between binary codes and image categories and then used the mapping dictionary to map secret information to secret images.Through image semantic segmentation and style transfer techniques,we combined the style of secret images with the content of public images to generate stego images.This type of stego image can resist interference during public channel transmission,ensuring the secure transmission of information.At the receiving end,we input the stego image into a trained secret image reconstruction network,which can effectively reconstruct the original secret image and further recover the secret information through a mapping dictionary to ensure the security,accuracy,and efficient decoding of the information.The experimental results show that this constructive information hiding method based on style transfer improves the security of information hiding,enhances the robustness of the algorithm to various attacks,and ensures information security.
文摘Although the middle construction has attracted significant attention from syntacticians, its identity still remains controversial and it is not treated as a separate grammatical category in any English learner＇s dictionary. This article, based on the data collected from three English learner＇s dictionaries, investigates the middle construction in terms of its syntactic and semantic properties and the constraints on its use. It shows that the three learner＇s dictionaries treat the middle construction in inconsistent and problematic manners. The middle use of a verb is not distinguished from either transitive verbs with an implicit object or intransitive verbs, which may hinder English learners＇ acquisition of the construction. The article proposes that middle verbs should be treated as a separate subcategory of verbs on a par with transitive and intransitive verbs so that learners will become more aware of them and learn to use them correctly.
文摘In geology, classification and lithological recognition of rocks plays an important role in the area of oil and gas exploration, mineral exploration and geological analysis. In other fields of activity such as construction and decoration, this classification makes sense and fully plays its role. However, this classification is slow, approximate and subjective. Automatic classification curbs this subjectivity and fills this gap by offering methods that reflect human perception. We propose a new approach to rock classification based on direct-view images of rocks. The aim is to take advantage of feature extraction methods to estimate a rock dictionary. In this work, we have developed a classification method obtained by concatenating four (4) K-SVD variants into a single signature. This method is based on the K-SVD algorithm combined with four (4) feature extraction techniques: DCT, Gabor filters, D-ALBPCSF and G-ALBPCSF, resulting in the four (4) variants named K-Gabor, K-DCT, KD-ALBPCSF and KD-ALBPCSF respectively. In this work, we developed a classification method obtained by concatenating four (4) variants of K-SVD. The performance of our method was evaluated on the basis of performance indicators such as accuracy with other 96% success rate.
