[Objectives] To analyze the volatile components in different parts of Polygala japonica Houtt. and compare the differences of these volatile components. [Methods] The volatile components in different parts of P. japon...[Objectives] To analyze the volatile components in different parts of Polygala japonica Houtt. and compare the differences of these volatile components. [Methods] The volatile components in different parts of P. japonica Houtt. were analyzed by the headspace solid-phase microextraction( HS-SPME) combined with GC-MS,and the relative percentage of each component was determined by peak area normalization. [Results] Thirty kinds of volatile components were identified from the leaves and rhizomes of P. japonica Houtt.,mainly including olefins,aromatic hydrocarbons,alkanes and esters. [Conclusions] The volatile components in different parts of P. japonica Houtt. were different,and there may be difference in the medicinal value of volatile components in different parts,thus it is required to take an overall consideration of these differences in the development and utilization of P. japonica Houtt.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Previous researches found that animal models with Parkinson disease (PD) could be established by injecting 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into medial forebrain bundle (MFB), substantia nigra compacta (SNC) and...BACKGROUND: Previous researches found that animal models with Parkinson disease (PD) could be established by injecting 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into medial forebrain bundle (MFB), substantia nigra compacta (SNC) and caudate-putamen complex (CPU) of the nigrostriatal pathway. OBJECTIVE: To compare behavioral, biochemical and histological properties of these rats undergoing the 6-OHDA injections in the areas of MFB, SNC and CPU respectively. DESIGN: Controlled observational study. SETTING: Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University. MATERIALS: A total of 64 adult female SD rats weighing 180-230 g were provided by the Animal Experimental Center of Guangxi Medical University. 6-OHDA (Sigma Company, USA); Brain solid positioner (Standard model 51600, Stoelting Co., IL, USA); rotational monitoring of little animal (type QL-1, USA); high liquid chromatography (HLC, Waters Company). METHODS: The experiment was carried out in the Medical Experimental Center of Guangxi Medical University from February to December 2005. ① According to digital table, 64 SD rats were divided into MFB group, SNC group, CPU group and control group with 16 in each group. On the basis of the brain atlas of Paxinos, rats in the first three groups were injected with 5 μL 6-OHDA into right MFB (0 mm of line of incisor tooth, A/P 4.4 mm, L/R 1.2 mm, O/V -7.8 mm), SNC (line of incisor tooth just equal to horizon, A/P -4.8 mm, L/R 1.6 mm, O/V -7.8 mm) and CPU (0 mm of line of incisor tooth, A/P 1.2 mm, L/R 2.7 mm, O/V -5.4 mm), respectively. The rats in control group were injected with 5 μL ascorbic acid solution (2 g/L). One week after operation, 0.1 g/L apomorphine (Apo, 0.05 mg/kg) was subcutaneously injected into neck and then rotational behavior induced by Apo was recorded once a week for 8 weeks. The PD models were considered successful only when rotational times more than or equal to 7 times per minute. ② Eight weeks after operation, micro-perfusion was used to obtain micro-perfusate in bilateral CPU and contents of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (3,4-DOPAC) and homovanillic acid (HVA) were also measured. In addition, amount of tyrosine hydroxylase positive cells (TH+) in SNC was counted with immunohistochemical staining. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Successful rate of PD models; ② contents of dopamine and its metabolite in MFB, SNC and CPU groups and TH+ amount. RESULTS: All 64 SD rats were involved in the final analysis. ① Successful rate and rotational behavior: One week after operation, there were 6 successful models both in SNC and MFB groups; in the 2nd week, there were 6 both in SNC and MFB groups and 1 in CPU group; in the 3rd week, there were 1 in MFB group and 3 in CPU group; in the 4th week, there were 3 in CPU group. Otherwise, no successful case was found out in the next 3 weeks. Abnormal rotational behavior was not observed in control group. Four weeks after operation, successful rates were 81% (13/16) in MFB group, 75% (12/16) in SNC group and 44% (7/16) in CPU group. ② Contents of 3, 4-DOPAC and HVA: Eight weeks after operation, contents in the SNC area of the injured side were lower than those on non-lesion side (P < 0.01). ③ Changes of TH+ amount: Eight weeks after operation, TH+ amount in the SNC area of the lesion side was lower than that on non-lesion side (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Injecting 6-OHDA into MFB, SNC and CPU can damage dopaminergic cells and establish successful PD models.展开更多
Cistanche deserticola(CD) is one of the two authoritative source plants of Cistanches Herba, a well-known medicinal plant. Herein,~1H NMR spectroscopy was employed to characterize the chemical profile and to distingui...Cistanche deserticola(CD) is one of the two authoritative source plants of Cistanches Herba, a well-known medicinal plant. Herein,~1H NMR spectroscopy was employed to characterize the chemical profile and to distinguish the different parts, as well as to propose a new processing workflow for CD.Signal assignment was achieved by multiple one and two dimensional NMR spectroscopic techniques in combination with available databases and authentic compounds. The upper parts of the plant were distinguished from the lower parts by combining ~1H NMR spectroscopic dataset with multivariate statistical analysis. A new processing method that hyphenated steaming with freeze-drying, was demonstrated to be superior to either steaming coupled with oven-drying or direct freeze-drying via holistic ~1H NMR-based metabolomic characterization. Phenylethanoid glycosides, mainly echinacoside and acteoside, were screened out and confirmed as the chemical markers responsible for exhibiting the superiority of the new processing workflow, whereas serial primary metabolites, especially carbohydrates and tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites, were found as the primary molecules governing the discrimination between the upper and lower parts of the plant. Collectively,~1H NMR spectroscopy was demonstrated as a versatile analytical tool to characterize the chemical profile and to guide the indepth exploitation of CD by providing comprehensive qualitative and quantitative information.展开更多
Velvet antler is an important and precious traditional Chinese animal medicine,and was used for strengthening the kidney,anti-fatigue,improving sexual function and so on.But the evaluation methods of velvet antler and...Velvet antler is an important and precious traditional Chinese animal medicine,and was used for strengthening the kidney,anti-fatigue,improving sexual function and so on.But the evaluation methods of velvet antler and the scientific evidence for the use of antler is insufficient.Materials and Vacuum freeze drier was used for dehydration of the fresh antler at-60.,6 pa for 24 h.展开更多
Background:To study the protective effect of different medicinal parts of honeysuckle on myocardial ischemia injury in rats.Method:SD mice were randomly divided into 6 groups:the normal group,model group,compound salv...Background:To study the protective effect of different medicinal parts of honeysuckle on myocardial ischemia injury in rats.Method:SD mice were randomly divided into 6 groups:the normal group,model group,compound salvia miltiorrhiza group,Lonicera japonica Thunb.of flower bud group,flower group,and the stem leaf group.There were 8 rats in each group,including 4 males and 4 females.The normal group and model group were given equal amount of distilled water,whereas the other dosage groups were given the appropriate drug by intragastric administration,continuous gavage for 14 days.From the 12 days,in addition to the normal group were injected of the same amount of normal saline,the other groups were injected with 5g/kg.Injection of isoproterenol to establish the mouce mycardial ischemia model,its continuously 3d.To detect the serum of AST,CK,CK-MB,LDH and the myocardial issue of Chinese super oxideismutase and malondialdehyde level.Results:Compared with normal group,the levels of AST,CK,CK-MB,cTn-I,LDH and malondialdehyde were significantly increased in the model group(P<0.01)and the level of super oxideismutase decreased significantly(P<0.01)the levels of AST,CK,CK-MB,cTn-I,LDH and malondialdehyde in the serum of flower bud group,flower group and stem leaf group were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the decreasing level of flower bud group,flower,leaf group of AST,CK,CK-MB,cTn-I,LDH and malondialdehyde was flower bud group>flower>leaf group,the activity of super oxideismutase was obviously increased,and the activity level of super oxideismutase of flower bud group,flower group and stem leaf group was flower bud group>flower>leaf group.Conclusion:In the myocardial ischemic injury model of rats induced by isoproterenol,Lonicera japonica Thunb.had a protective effect in all parts,and Lonicera japonica Thunb.bud had the greatest protective effect.展开更多
文摘[Objectives] To analyze the volatile components in different parts of Polygala japonica Houtt. and compare the differences of these volatile components. [Methods] The volatile components in different parts of P. japonica Houtt. were analyzed by the headspace solid-phase microextraction( HS-SPME) combined with GC-MS,and the relative percentage of each component was determined by peak area normalization. [Results] Thirty kinds of volatile components were identified from the leaves and rhizomes of P. japonica Houtt.,mainly including olefins,aromatic hydrocarbons,alkanes and esters. [Conclusions] The volatile components in different parts of P. japonica Houtt. were different,and there may be difference in the medicinal value of volatile components in different parts,thus it is required to take an overall consideration of these differences in the development and utilization of P. japonica Houtt.
基金Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 0448017
文摘BACKGROUND: Previous researches found that animal models with Parkinson disease (PD) could be established by injecting 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into medial forebrain bundle (MFB), substantia nigra compacta (SNC) and caudate-putamen complex (CPU) of the nigrostriatal pathway. OBJECTIVE: To compare behavioral, biochemical and histological properties of these rats undergoing the 6-OHDA injections in the areas of MFB, SNC and CPU respectively. DESIGN: Controlled observational study. SETTING: Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University. MATERIALS: A total of 64 adult female SD rats weighing 180-230 g were provided by the Animal Experimental Center of Guangxi Medical University. 6-OHDA (Sigma Company, USA); Brain solid positioner (Standard model 51600, Stoelting Co., IL, USA); rotational monitoring of little animal (type QL-1, USA); high liquid chromatography (HLC, Waters Company). METHODS: The experiment was carried out in the Medical Experimental Center of Guangxi Medical University from February to December 2005. ① According to digital table, 64 SD rats were divided into MFB group, SNC group, CPU group and control group with 16 in each group. On the basis of the brain atlas of Paxinos, rats in the first three groups were injected with 5 μL 6-OHDA into right MFB (0 mm of line of incisor tooth, A/P 4.4 mm, L/R 1.2 mm, O/V -7.8 mm), SNC (line of incisor tooth just equal to horizon, A/P -4.8 mm, L/R 1.6 mm, O/V -7.8 mm) and CPU (0 mm of line of incisor tooth, A/P 1.2 mm, L/R 2.7 mm, O/V -5.4 mm), respectively. The rats in control group were injected with 5 μL ascorbic acid solution (2 g/L). One week after operation, 0.1 g/L apomorphine (Apo, 0.05 mg/kg) was subcutaneously injected into neck and then rotational behavior induced by Apo was recorded once a week for 8 weeks. The PD models were considered successful only when rotational times more than or equal to 7 times per minute. ② Eight weeks after operation, micro-perfusion was used to obtain micro-perfusate in bilateral CPU and contents of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (3,4-DOPAC) and homovanillic acid (HVA) were also measured. In addition, amount of tyrosine hydroxylase positive cells (TH+) in SNC was counted with immunohistochemical staining. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Successful rate of PD models; ② contents of dopamine and its metabolite in MFB, SNC and CPU groups and TH+ amount. RESULTS: All 64 SD rats were involved in the final analysis. ① Successful rate and rotational behavior: One week after operation, there were 6 successful models both in SNC and MFB groups; in the 2nd week, there were 6 both in SNC and MFB groups and 1 in CPU group; in the 3rd week, there were 1 in MFB group and 3 in CPU group; in the 4th week, there were 3 in CPU group. Otherwise, no successful case was found out in the next 3 weeks. Abnormal rotational behavior was not observed in control group. Four weeks after operation, successful rates were 81% (13/16) in MFB group, 75% (12/16) in SNC group and 44% (7/16) in CPU group. ② Contents of 3, 4-DOPAC and HVA: Eight weeks after operation, contents in the SNC area of the injured side were lower than those on non-lesion side (P < 0.01). ③ Changes of TH+ amount: Eight weeks after operation, TH+ amount in the SNC area of the lesion side was lower than that on non-lesion side (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Injecting 6-OHDA into MFB, SNC and CPU can damage dopaminergic cells and establish successful PD models.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 81222051 and 81403073)Quality Guarantee System of Chinese Herbal Medicines (No. 201507002)International Quality Standards R&D Program of Traditional Chinese Medicine (No. 201307002)
文摘Cistanche deserticola(CD) is one of the two authoritative source plants of Cistanches Herba, a well-known medicinal plant. Herein,~1H NMR spectroscopy was employed to characterize the chemical profile and to distinguish the different parts, as well as to propose a new processing workflow for CD.Signal assignment was achieved by multiple one and two dimensional NMR spectroscopic techniques in combination with available databases and authentic compounds. The upper parts of the plant were distinguished from the lower parts by combining ~1H NMR spectroscopic dataset with multivariate statistical analysis. A new processing method that hyphenated steaming with freeze-drying, was demonstrated to be superior to either steaming coupled with oven-drying or direct freeze-drying via holistic ~1H NMR-based metabolomic characterization. Phenylethanoid glycosides, mainly echinacoside and acteoside, were screened out and confirmed as the chemical markers responsible for exhibiting the superiority of the new processing workflow, whereas serial primary metabolites, especially carbohydrates and tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites, were found as the primary molecules governing the discrimination between the upper and lower parts of the plant. Collectively,~1H NMR spectroscopy was demonstrated as a versatile analytical tool to characterize the chemical profile and to guide the indepth exploitation of CD by providing comprehensive qualitative and quantitative information.
文摘Velvet antler is an important and precious traditional Chinese animal medicine,and was used for strengthening the kidney,anti-fatigue,improving sexual function and so on.But the evaluation methods of velvet antler and the scientific evidence for the use of antler is insufficient.Materials and Vacuum freeze drier was used for dehydration of the fresh antler at-60.,6 pa for 24 h.
基金This study was supported by 2016 National College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Project(201610599001)Guangxi Key R&D Project(Gui Ke AB18221095)Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities High-level Talent Research Project(01002018079).
文摘Background:To study the protective effect of different medicinal parts of honeysuckle on myocardial ischemia injury in rats.Method:SD mice were randomly divided into 6 groups:the normal group,model group,compound salvia miltiorrhiza group,Lonicera japonica Thunb.of flower bud group,flower group,and the stem leaf group.There were 8 rats in each group,including 4 males and 4 females.The normal group and model group were given equal amount of distilled water,whereas the other dosage groups were given the appropriate drug by intragastric administration,continuous gavage for 14 days.From the 12 days,in addition to the normal group were injected of the same amount of normal saline,the other groups were injected with 5g/kg.Injection of isoproterenol to establish the mouce mycardial ischemia model,its continuously 3d.To detect the serum of AST,CK,CK-MB,LDH and the myocardial issue of Chinese super oxideismutase and malondialdehyde level.Results:Compared with normal group,the levels of AST,CK,CK-MB,cTn-I,LDH and malondialdehyde were significantly increased in the model group(P<0.01)and the level of super oxideismutase decreased significantly(P<0.01)the levels of AST,CK,CK-MB,cTn-I,LDH and malondialdehyde in the serum of flower bud group,flower group and stem leaf group were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the decreasing level of flower bud group,flower,leaf group of AST,CK,CK-MB,cTn-I,LDH and malondialdehyde was flower bud group>flower>leaf group,the activity of super oxideismutase was obviously increased,and the activity level of super oxideismutase of flower bud group,flower group and stem leaf group was flower bud group>flower>leaf group.Conclusion:In the myocardial ischemic injury model of rats induced by isoproterenol,Lonicera japonica Thunb.had a protective effect in all parts,and Lonicera japonica Thunb.bud had the greatest protective effect.
