A discoid meniscus is a morphological abnormality wherein the meniscus loses its normal‘C’shape.Although most patients are asymptomatic,patients might still present with symptoms such as locking,pain,swelling,or giv...A discoid meniscus is a morphological abnormality wherein the meniscus loses its normal‘C’shape.Although most patients are asymptomatic,patients might still present with symptoms such as locking,pain,swelling,or giving way.Magnetic resonance imaging is usually needed for confirmation of diagnosis.Based on a constellation of factors,including clinical and radiological,different approaches are chosen for the management of discoid meniscus.The purpose of this review is to outline the treatment of discoid meniscus,starting from conservative approach,to the different surgical options for this condition.The PubMed and Google Scholar databases were used for this review.Studies discussing the treatment of discoid meniscus from 2018 to 2023 were searched.Initially there were 369 studies retrieved,and after removal of studies using the exclusion criteria,26 studies were included in this review.Factors such as stability,presence of tear,and morphology can help with surgical planning.Many approaches have been used to treat discoid meniscus,where the choice is tailored for each patient individually.Postoperatively,factors that may positively impact patient outcomes include male sex,body mass index<18.5,age at symptom onset<25 years,and duration of symptoms<24 months.The conventional approach is partial meniscectomy with or without repair;however,recently,there has been an increased emphasis on discoid-preserving techniques such as meniscoplasty,meniscopexy,and meniscal allograft transplantation.展开更多
[ Objective] The aim of this study was to provide the reference for the artificial breeding of aquatic animals. [ Method] Amoeba discoides and Trichodina were treated by neutral red solution with different concentrati...[ Objective] The aim of this study was to provide the reference for the artificial breeding of aquatic animals. [ Method] Amoeba discoides and Trichodina were treated by neutral red solution with different concentrations to observe the physiological activities of organelles in their death processes. Effects of neutral red solution on the growth of common aquatic animals such as Paramecium caudatum, Euglena viridis and Brachionus plicatilis were analyzed, and the specific lethal mechanism of trace neutral red to A. discoides and Trichodina was also preliminarily studied. [ Re- suit] The neutral red solution at a concentration of 0.5 mg/L damaged the physiological function of contractile vacuole in Trichodina and also had the specific lethal effect on Tdchodina, but it had no effect on the growth and reproduction of non-parasitic protozoa and B. p/icatilis. Neutral red so- lution with certain concentration led to disorder of the physiological functions of A. discoides, such as assimilation and rejection, which was a main factor that caused the death of A. discoides. [ Conclusion] With the advantages such as targeting, safety and easiness to be oxidized and decom- posed, neutral red is an ideal drug for treating the diseases caused by A. discoides and Trichodina, and its suitable concentration is 0. 5 mg/L.展开更多
BACKGROUND Discoid meniscus is a congenital anomaly that typically affects the lateral meniscus.The appearance of the discoid medial meniscus in both knees is extremely rare,with an incidence of only 0.012%.CASE SUMMA...BACKGROUND Discoid meniscus is a congenital anomaly that typically affects the lateral meniscus.The appearance of the discoid medial meniscus in both knees is extremely rare,with an incidence of only 0.012%.CASE SUMMARY Our patient was a 30-year-old female.Under no obvious predisposing causes,she began to experience pain in both knees,which worsened while walking and squatting.The pain was aggravated after exercise,and joint flexion and extension activities were accompanied by knee snapping.Apley’s test was positive on physical examination,and there was a pressing pain in the medial articular space.Plain radiographs of both knees revealed no obvious abnormalities in the bilateral knee joint space.Partial meniscectomy as well as menisci reformation were performed on both knees under arthroscopy.Under the guidance of rehabilitation,the patient’s range of motion in both knees returned to normal without pain and knee snapping.CONCLUSION This study showed that the clinical manifestations of the discoid medial meniscus injury are identical to those of the conventional medial meniscus injury,and arthroscopic surgery is effective.展开更多
Objective To study the arthroscopic treatment results for discoid lateral meniscus injury of the knee in children. Methods 74 children patients, including 98 knees underwent arthroscopic treatment due to discoid later...Objective To study the arthroscopic treatment results for discoid lateral meniscus injury of the knee in children. Methods 74 children patients, including 98 knees underwent arthroscopic treatment due to discoid lateral meniscus injury were followed up. By Watanabe classification, incomplete discoid menis-cus was seen in 34 knees, complete in 42 and Wrisberg type in 22. The methods of treatment were partial, subtotal or total meniscectomy. The follow-up time ranged from 3 to 24 months, averaged 8 months. The re-sults were analyzed according to Lysholm knee evaluation method. Results By Lysholm evaluation the re-sults were excellent in 68 knees (69. 4%) and good in 30 (30. 6%). Conclusion Arthroscopic treatment is a reliable way for discoid lateral meniscus injury in children.展开更多
Background Discoid lateral meniscus of the knee is common in Chinese population. There has been considerable debate about the best treatment for discoid lateral meniscus tears. The purpose of this study was to observe...Background Discoid lateral meniscus of the knee is common in Chinese population. There has been considerable debate about the best treatment for discoid lateral meniscus tears. The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of arthroscopic meniscectomy for the treatment of discoid lateral meniscus tears. Methods Between July 1999 and December 2004, arthroscopic meniscectomy was performed on 62 menisci of 57 patients with discoid lateral meniscus tears （52 unilateral, 5 bilateral）. 41 menisci were ＂complete discoid meniscus＂, 21 =incomplete＂. According to the extent of the meniscus tears, partial meniscectomy was performed on 52 knees, total meniscectomy on 7 knees, and partial meniscectomy combined with meniscus suture on 3 knees through an arthroscope After the operations, early rehabilitation training programs, including straight-leg-raising and range-of-motion exercises, were carried out. 51 patients were followed up for 1 year 2 months to 6 years 5 months （mean, 3 years 3 months）, 6 patients were lost. Lysholm-Ⅱ scoring system was used to assess the function of the knee joints before the operation and during the follow-up. Results The operations on all the 62 knees were successful without complications. The patients could walk normally after completing the 2-week postoperation rehabilitation program. After 3-4 weeks they could lead a normal life and participate in a moderate amount of sports or other physical activities. The mean Lysholm-Ⅱ score was 89 （60--100） during the follow-up, which was significantly higher than that before the operation （50, range 34-74; P〈0.01）. 88% of the patients achieved excellent or good clinical results. Conclusions Arthroscopic meniscectomy is an alternative for treatment of discoid lateral meniscus tears with minimal traumatic effects. It can achieve early mobilization and a low complication rate, as well as the preservation of the meniscus structure and functions to the largest extent. In combination with proper rehabilitation training, the operation can lead to good or excellent results.展开更多
Few studies have focused on the possible change in the axial alignment of the lower limb after lateral meniscectomy. Here, we present a patient with valgus deformity of the knee following the partial removal of latera...Few studies have focused on the possible change in the axial alignment of the lower limb after lateral meniscectomy. Here, we present a patient with valgus deformity of the knee following the partial removal of lateral discoid meniscus. With the distal femur osteotomy and fixation, this complication was treated successfully. This case suggested that we should pay more attention to the axial alignment of the lower limb in patients with torn discoid lateral meniscus before meniscectomy, as a severe valgus inclination may develop in some of these patients.展开更多
Adiscoid meniscus, found in 1%-5% of the population, .is a human anatomic variant that usually affects thelateral meniscus of the knee. A discoid meniscus is more prone to injury than a normally shaped meniscus. In 19...Adiscoid meniscus, found in 1%-5% of the population, .is a human anatomic variant that usually affects thelateral meniscus of the knee. A discoid meniscus is more prone to injury than a normally shaped meniscus. In 1941,1 Cave and Staples first reported discoid medial meniscus. A bilateral discoid medial meniscus is extremely rare. The first case of bilateral discoid medial meniscus was reported by Murdoch in 1956.2 Since then, no more than 20 case reports of bilateral discoid medial menisci have been published to date, and most have been single case reports.3 Treatment of a torn discoid medial meniscus is similar to the treatment of a tom lateral meniscus of the knee. In cases where there is a significant disability, surgical excision may be required. Traditionally, the treatment of choice for symptomatic torn discoid meniscus has been open total or partial meniscectomy. Currently, arthroscopic partial meniscectomy is commonly used. Either meniscectomy or conservative method for treatment of a discoid medial meniscus with no tear is a debatable issue.3 A 39-year-old male was admitted to our hospital for intermittent swelling and pain of his right knee in 1999. He had a history of twisting injury on the affected knee 10 years before the admission, but the symptoms were not significant at that time. However, one year ago, on and off swelling with pain had gradually developed in his right knee, worsening with long distance walking and sports activities. Sometimes he felt that the knee was ＂giving way＂. Due to increasing discomfort interfering with his daily life, he was referred to us by his doctor. Physical examination of the patient＇s right knee showed atrophy of the musculus quadriceps femoris compared to the opposite side, medial tibiofemoral joint line tenderness, a range of motion from , and positive McMurray sign. The patient had no complaints on his opposite knee and physical examination did not reveal any abnormalities. MRI scan showed discoid medial meniscus with a horizontal cleavage tear while lateral meniscus appeared normal （Figure IA, B）. On 16th August 1999, arthroscopic examination of the right knee confirmed the presence of a complete discoid medial meniscus with horizontal cleavage and longitudinal tears and a normal lateral meniscus, while the tom discoid medial meniscus was reshaped by arthrotomy partial meniscectomy. The patient has been followed up for12 years, and the treatment outcome has been good and satisfactory to date. In 2011, the same patient was admitted again for intermittent swelling, pain and locking of his left knee. The patient experienced symptoms for 6 months with no previous history of injury. Physical examination of the left knee showed effusion of （＋＋） in the joint, atrophy of the musculus quadriceps femoris, medial tibiofemoral joint line tenderness, restriction of mobility, range of motion , and positive McMurray sign. MRI showed discoid medial meniscus with a horizontal cleavage in mid-body and posterior horn while the lateral meniscus appeared normal （Figure 1C, D）. Arthroscopic surgery was performed on 20th July 2011. Upon arthroscopic observation, discoid medial meniscus in the left knee was found to be the complete type with a horizontal cleavage in mid-body and longitudinal tears near the peripheral rim, but the lateral meniscus was normal. Discoid medial meniscus was reshaped by partial meniscectomy, using arthroscopic techniques （Figure 1E, F）. Discoid meniscus is found in 1%-5% of the population, with a slightly higher incidence in Asians. Discoid meniscus is an uncommon finding that typically affects the lateral meniscus of the knee, and the involvement of the medial meniscus bilaterally is extremely rare. A retrospective study was conducted by Dickason and colleagues in 1982,4 in which 8040 cases of medial menisci were analyzed. Among them, 10 were discoid menisci （0.12%）, and only one had bilateral involvement （0.012%）. Several studies on findings of bilateral discoid medial menisci have been reported by Asian doctors in recent years.3 To date, as few as 20 cases of bilateral discoid medial menisci have been reported. Interestingly, in the present case, the symptoms of the two knees appeared 12 years apart. We have confirmed the diagnosis of complete discoid medial menisci with tearing in the right knee in 1999 and the left knee in 2011.展开更多
文摘A discoid meniscus is a morphological abnormality wherein the meniscus loses its normal‘C’shape.Although most patients are asymptomatic,patients might still present with symptoms such as locking,pain,swelling,or giving way.Magnetic resonance imaging is usually needed for confirmation of diagnosis.Based on a constellation of factors,including clinical and radiological,different approaches are chosen for the management of discoid meniscus.The purpose of this review is to outline the treatment of discoid meniscus,starting from conservative approach,to the different surgical options for this condition.The PubMed and Google Scholar databases were used for this review.Studies discussing the treatment of discoid meniscus from 2018 to 2023 were searched.Initially there were 369 studies retrieved,and after removal of studies using the exclusion criteria,26 studies were included in this review.Factors such as stability,presence of tear,and morphology can help with surgical planning.Many approaches have been used to treat discoid meniscus,where the choice is tailored for each patient individually.Postoperatively,factors that may positively impact patient outcomes include male sex,body mass index<18.5,age at symptom onset<25 years,and duration of symptoms<24 months.The conventional approach is partial meniscectomy with or without repair;however,recently,there has been an increased emphasis on discoid-preserving techniques such as meniscoplasty,meniscopexy,and meniscal allograft transplantation.
基金supported by 863 Project (2005AA601010-05)Student Innovative Experiment Fund of Shenzhen University
文摘[ Objective] The aim of this study was to provide the reference for the artificial breeding of aquatic animals. [ Method] Amoeba discoides and Trichodina were treated by neutral red solution with different concentrations to observe the physiological activities of organelles in their death processes. Effects of neutral red solution on the growth of common aquatic animals such as Paramecium caudatum, Euglena viridis and Brachionus plicatilis were analyzed, and the specific lethal mechanism of trace neutral red to A. discoides and Trichodina was also preliminarily studied. [ Re- suit] The neutral red solution at a concentration of 0.5 mg/L damaged the physiological function of contractile vacuole in Trichodina and also had the specific lethal effect on Tdchodina, but it had no effect on the growth and reproduction of non-parasitic protozoa and B. p/icatilis. Neutral red so- lution with certain concentration led to disorder of the physiological functions of A. discoides, such as assimilation and rejection, which was a main factor that caused the death of A. discoides. [ Conclusion] With the advantages such as targeting, safety and easiness to be oxidized and decom- posed, neutral red is an ideal drug for treating the diseases caused by A. discoides and Trichodina, and its suitable concentration is 0. 5 mg/L.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81871814Jining City Key Research and Development Plan,No.2021YXNS076。
文摘BACKGROUND Discoid meniscus is a congenital anomaly that typically affects the lateral meniscus.The appearance of the discoid medial meniscus in both knees is extremely rare,with an incidence of only 0.012%.CASE SUMMARY Our patient was a 30-year-old female.Under no obvious predisposing causes,she began to experience pain in both knees,which worsened while walking and squatting.The pain was aggravated after exercise,and joint flexion and extension activities were accompanied by knee snapping.Apley’s test was positive on physical examination,and there was a pressing pain in the medial articular space.Plain radiographs of both knees revealed no obvious abnormalities in the bilateral knee joint space.Partial meniscectomy as well as menisci reformation were performed on both knees under arthroscopy.Under the guidance of rehabilitation,the patient’s range of motion in both knees returned to normal without pain and knee snapping.CONCLUSION This study showed that the clinical manifestations of the discoid medial meniscus injury are identical to those of the conventional medial meniscus injury,and arthroscopic surgery is effective.
文摘Objective To study the arthroscopic treatment results for discoid lateral meniscus injury of the knee in children. Methods 74 children patients, including 98 knees underwent arthroscopic treatment due to discoid lateral meniscus injury were followed up. By Watanabe classification, incomplete discoid menis-cus was seen in 34 knees, complete in 42 and Wrisberg type in 22. The methods of treatment were partial, subtotal or total meniscectomy. The follow-up time ranged from 3 to 24 months, averaged 8 months. The re-sults were analyzed according to Lysholm knee evaluation method. Results By Lysholm evaluation the re-sults were excellent in 68 knees (69. 4%) and good in 30 (30. 6%). Conclusion Arthroscopic treatment is a reliable way for discoid lateral meniscus injury in children.
文摘Background Discoid lateral meniscus of the knee is common in Chinese population. There has been considerable debate about the best treatment for discoid lateral meniscus tears. The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of arthroscopic meniscectomy for the treatment of discoid lateral meniscus tears. Methods Between July 1999 and December 2004, arthroscopic meniscectomy was performed on 62 menisci of 57 patients with discoid lateral meniscus tears （52 unilateral, 5 bilateral）. 41 menisci were ＂complete discoid meniscus＂, 21 =incomplete＂. According to the extent of the meniscus tears, partial meniscectomy was performed on 52 knees, total meniscectomy on 7 knees, and partial meniscectomy combined with meniscus suture on 3 knees through an arthroscope After the operations, early rehabilitation training programs, including straight-leg-raising and range-of-motion exercises, were carried out. 51 patients were followed up for 1 year 2 months to 6 years 5 months （mean, 3 years 3 months）, 6 patients were lost. Lysholm-Ⅱ scoring system was used to assess the function of the knee joints before the operation and during the follow-up. Results The operations on all the 62 knees were successful without complications. The patients could walk normally after completing the 2-week postoperation rehabilitation program. After 3-4 weeks they could lead a normal life and participate in a moderate amount of sports or other physical activities. The mean Lysholm-Ⅱ score was 89 （60--100） during the follow-up, which was significantly higher than that before the operation （50, range 34-74; P〈0.01）. 88% of the patients achieved excellent or good clinical results. Conclusions Arthroscopic meniscectomy is an alternative for treatment of discoid lateral meniscus tears with minimal traumatic effects. It can achieve early mobilization and a low complication rate, as well as the preservation of the meniscus structure and functions to the largest extent. In combination with proper rehabilitation training, the operation can lead to good or excellent results.
文摘Few studies have focused on the possible change in the axial alignment of the lower limb after lateral meniscectomy. Here, we present a patient with valgus deformity of the knee following the partial removal of lateral discoid meniscus. With the distal femur osteotomy and fixation, this complication was treated successfully. This case suggested that we should pay more attention to the axial alignment of the lower limb in patients with torn discoid lateral meniscus before meniscectomy, as a severe valgus inclination may develop in some of these patients.
文摘Adiscoid meniscus, found in 1%-5% of the population, .is a human anatomic variant that usually affects thelateral meniscus of the knee. A discoid meniscus is more prone to injury than a normally shaped meniscus. In 1941,1 Cave and Staples first reported discoid medial meniscus. A bilateral discoid medial meniscus is extremely rare. The first case of bilateral discoid medial meniscus was reported by Murdoch in 1956.2 Since then, no more than 20 case reports of bilateral discoid medial menisci have been published to date, and most have been single case reports.3 Treatment of a torn discoid medial meniscus is similar to the treatment of a tom lateral meniscus of the knee. In cases where there is a significant disability, surgical excision may be required. Traditionally, the treatment of choice for symptomatic torn discoid meniscus has been open total or partial meniscectomy. Currently, arthroscopic partial meniscectomy is commonly used. Either meniscectomy or conservative method for treatment of a discoid medial meniscus with no tear is a debatable issue.3 A 39-year-old male was admitted to our hospital for intermittent swelling and pain of his right knee in 1999. He had a history of twisting injury on the affected knee 10 years before the admission, but the symptoms were not significant at that time. However, one year ago, on and off swelling with pain had gradually developed in his right knee, worsening with long distance walking and sports activities. Sometimes he felt that the knee was ＂giving way＂. Due to increasing discomfort interfering with his daily life, he was referred to us by his doctor. Physical examination of the patient＇s right knee showed atrophy of the musculus quadriceps femoris compared to the opposite side, medial tibiofemoral joint line tenderness, a range of motion from , and positive McMurray sign. The patient had no complaints on his opposite knee and physical examination did not reveal any abnormalities. MRI scan showed discoid medial meniscus with a horizontal cleavage tear while lateral meniscus appeared normal （Figure IA, B）. On 16th August 1999, arthroscopic examination of the right knee confirmed the presence of a complete discoid medial meniscus with horizontal cleavage and longitudinal tears and a normal lateral meniscus, while the tom discoid medial meniscus was reshaped by arthrotomy partial meniscectomy. The patient has been followed up for12 years, and the treatment outcome has been good and satisfactory to date. In 2011, the same patient was admitted again for intermittent swelling, pain and locking of his left knee. The patient experienced symptoms for 6 months with no previous history of injury. Physical examination of the left knee showed effusion of （＋＋） in the joint, atrophy of the musculus quadriceps femoris, medial tibiofemoral joint line tenderness, restriction of mobility, range of motion , and positive McMurray sign. MRI showed discoid medial meniscus with a horizontal cleavage in mid-body and posterior horn while the lateral meniscus appeared normal （Figure 1C, D）. Arthroscopic surgery was performed on 20th July 2011. Upon arthroscopic observation, discoid medial meniscus in the left knee was found to be the complete type with a horizontal cleavage in mid-body and longitudinal tears near the peripheral rim, but the lateral meniscus was normal. Discoid medial meniscus was reshaped by partial meniscectomy, using arthroscopic techniques （Figure 1E, F）. Discoid meniscus is found in 1%-5% of the population, with a slightly higher incidence in Asians. Discoid meniscus is an uncommon finding that typically affects the lateral meniscus of the knee, and the involvement of the medial meniscus bilaterally is extremely rare. A retrospective study was conducted by Dickason and colleagues in 1982,4 in which 8040 cases of medial menisci were analyzed. Among them, 10 were discoid menisci （0.12%）, and only one had bilateral involvement （0.012%）. Several studies on findings of bilateral discoid medial menisci have been reported by Asian doctors in recent years.3 To date, as few as 20 cases of bilateral discoid medial menisci have been reported. Interestingly, in the present case, the symptoms of the two knees appeared 12 years apart. We have confirmed the diagnosis of complete discoid medial menisci with tearing in the right knee in 1999 and the left knee in 2011.
