To explore the survival and dose response of organism for different radiation sources is of great importance in the research of radiobiology. In this study, the survival-dose response of Deinococcus radiodurans (E.col...To explore the survival and dose response of organism for different radiation sources is of great importance in the research of radiobiology. In this study, the survival-dose response of Deinococcus radiodurans (E.coli, as the control) for ultra-violet (UV), γ-rays radiation and ion beam exposure was investigated. The shoulder type of survival curves were found for both UV and γ-ray ionizing radiation, but the saddle type of survival curves were shown for H+、 N+( 20keV and 30keV) and Ar+ beam exposure. This dose effect of the survival initially decreased with the increase in dose and then increased in the high dose range and finally decreased again in the higher dose range. Our experimental results suggest that D. radiodurans, which is considerably radio-resistant to UV and x-ray and γ-ray ionizing radiation, do not resist ion beam exposure.展开更多
AIM:To assess the vitamin A status of patients with Crohn's disease(CD) by evaluating serum retinol levels and the relative dose response(RDR) test(liver retinol stores).METHODS:Vitamin A nutritional status was me...AIM:To assess the vitamin A status of patients with Crohn's disease(CD) by evaluating serum retinol levels and the relative dose response(RDR) test(liver retinol stores).METHODS:Vitamin A nutritional status was measured by serum retinol obtained by high performance liquid chromatography and the RDR test for evaluation of the hepatic stores.Body composition was performed by densitometry by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.Vitamin A dietary intake was assessed from a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire.RESULTS:This study included 38 CD patients and 33 controls.Low serum retinol concentrations were detected in 29% of CD patients vs 15% in controls(P < 0.005).The RDR test was positive in 37% of CD patients vs 12% in controls,which indicated inadequate hepatic vitamin A stores(P < 0.005).Individuals with hypovitaminosis A had lower BMI and body fat compared with those without this deficiency.There was no association between vitamin A deficiency and its dietary intake,ileal location,presence of disease activity and prior bowel resections.CONCLUSION:Patients with CD have higher prevalence of vitamin A deficiency,as assessed by two independent methods.展开更多
Total ionizing dose effect induced low frequency degradations in 130 nm partially depleted silicon-on-insulator(SOI) technology are studied by ^(60) Co γ-ray irradiation. The experimental results show that the flicke...Total ionizing dose effect induced low frequency degradations in 130 nm partially depleted silicon-on-insulator(SOI) technology are studied by ^(60) Co γ-ray irradiation. The experimental results show that the flicker noise at the front gate is not affected by the radiation since the radiation induced trapped charge in the thin gate oxide can be ignored. However, both the Lorenz spectrum noise, which is related to the linear kink effect(LKE) at the front gate, and the flicker noise at the back gate are sensitive to radiation. The radiation induced trapped charge in shallow trench isolation and the buried oxide can deplete the nearby body region and can activate the traps which reside in the depletion region. These traps act as a GR center and accelerate the consumption of the accumulated holes in the floating body.It results in the attenuation of the LKE and the increase of the Lorenz spectrum noise. Simultaneously, the radiation induced trapped charge in the buried oxide can directly lead to an enhanced flicker noise at the back gate. The trapped charge density in the buried oxide is extracted to increase from 2.21×10^(18)eV^(-1)cm^(-3) to 3.59×10^(18)eV^(-1)cm^(-3) after irradiation.展开更多
The photoelectric device of a scintillation dosimeter converts photons produced by radiation into an electrical signal.Its features directly determine the overall performance of the dosimeter.For a plastic scintillati...The photoelectric device of a scintillation dosimeter converts photons produced by radiation into an electrical signal.Its features directly determine the overall performance of the dosimeter.For a plastic scintillation fiber dosimeter(PSFD)with a current readout mode,systematic studies of the stability and light-dose response were performed for the photomultiplier tube(PMT),silicon photomultiplier(SiPM),avalanche photodiode(APD),and photodiode(PD).The temperature stability,long-term stability,repeatability,signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),and current dose response of the PSFD with the abovementioned photoelectric devices were studied using a pulsed LED light source and the Small Animal Radiation Therapy platform.An exponential relationship between the dark/ne current and temperature was obtained for all the devices.I is shown that the APD is the most sensitive device to temperature,with a current dependence on temperature reaching 6.5%C^(-1)at room temperature,whereas for the other devices this dependence is always<0:6%C^(-1).In terms of long-term stability,the net current of PD can change by up to 4%when working continuously for 8 h and 2%when working intermittently for 32 h,whereas for the other devices,the changes are all<1%.For the dose response,the PMT and SiPM exhibit excellent linear responses and SNRs within the range of 0.1-60 Gy/min For the PSFD with a current readout mode,the performance of the PMT and SiPM is concluded to be better than that of the other devices in the study.In particular,the SiPM,which has a compact size,low bias voltage,and antimagnetic interference,has great advantages for further applications.展开更多
Purpose:The extent to which walking pace is associated with a reduced risk for stroke remains unclear.This study examined the association between walking pace and stroke risk based on prospective cohort studies.Method...Purpose:The extent to which walking pace is associated with a reduced risk for stroke remains unclear.This study examined the association between walking pace and stroke risk based on prospective cohort studies.Methods:Databases of PubMed,EMBASE,Web of Science,Scopus,and China National Knowledge Internet were searched from the inception dates to January 31,2019,for prospective cohort studies focusing on walking pace and risk of stroke in adults.Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed the quality of the studies.The dependent measure was stroke incidence.Using random-effects models,a metaanalysis was performed to estimate the overall relative risks(RR)of stroke incidence and 95%confidence intervals(CIs)for the individuals with the fastest walking paces vs.individuals with the slowest walking paces.A dose-response relationship was also examined.Results:After screening 1294 titles/abstracts and 14 full-text studies identified in the search,7 studies(from 8 cohorts)were included in the metaanalysis.The 7 studies included a total of 135,645 participants(95.2%women;mean age 63.6 years)and 2229 stroke events(median follow-up time=8.0 years).Compared to individuals in the slowest walking-pace category(median=1.6 km/h),individuals in the fastest walking-pace category(median=5.6 km/h)had a 44%lower risk of stroke(pooled RR=0.56,95%CI:0.48-0.65).There was also a linear dose-response relationship(RR=0.87;95%CI:0.83-0.91),with the risk of stroke decreased by 13%for every 1 km/h increment in baseline walking pace.We observed similar results across walking-pace assessment,type of stroke ascertainment,stroke subtypes,sex,sample size,and duration of follow-up.Conclusion:Findings from this meta-analysis indicate that walking pace is inversely associated with the risk of stroke.展开更多
To compare the characteristics of the dose response relationship and the time course of action between atracurium and rocuronium in adult patients anesthetized with N 2O O 2 fentanyl thiopene Methods Sixty patients, A...To compare the characteristics of the dose response relationship and the time course of action between atracurium and rocuronium in adult patients anesthetized with N 2O O 2 fentanyl thiopene Methods Sixty patients, ASA grade Ⅰ, aged 18-50 years, scheduled for elective plastic surgery were studied All patients were randomly divided into either the atracurium or rocuronium group General anesthesia was maintained with 60% nitrous oxide and 40% oxygen, thiopentone, and fentanyl Neuromuscular function was assessed using an accelograph with train of four (TOF) stimulation at the wrist every 12 seconds The percentage depression of the first twitch (T 1) was used as the study parameter The dose response relationship of atracurium and rocuronium was determined by the cumulative dose response technique Results According to the dose response curves established by a least squares linear regression, the potency ratio of atracurium to rocuronium was 1∶1 2 There were significant differences in the ED 50 , ED 90 , and ED 95 between the two drugs After the intravenous administration of equipotent doses of both drugs (1 5×ED 95 ), the duration of peak effect, clinical duration, and total duration were significantly different between the two drugs, but their recovery indexes were similar Conclusions Atracurium and rocuronium are low potency nondepolarizing relaxants with intermediate duration As compared to atracurium, the neuromuscular blocking effect of rocuronium was about 20% less potent and its duration of action was展开更多
The European Federation of Food, Agriculture, and Tourism Trade Unions (EFFAT) called for the immediate ban on glyphosate in the 2022 renewal process, promoting the use of natural herbicides and recommending against t...The European Federation of Food, Agriculture, and Tourism Trade Unions (EFFAT) called for the immediate ban on glyphosate in the 2022 renewal process, promoting the use of natural herbicides and recommending against the use of other harmful or hazardous chemicals. The new chemical testing and selection research agendas should consider the hormetic effects of individual natural herbicides, and their potential mixtures, on targeted and non-targeted organisms to avoid stimulation of pests and negative effects on non-targeted organisms. New scientific research programs are needed to study the effects of mixtures of natural pesticides on soils, plants, animals, and microorganisms within the context of agroforestry.展开更多
Background:Component compatibility is important to the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine.Studies have shown that San-ao decoction(SAD)can treat respiratory diseases by relaxing airway smooth muscle(ASM)and...Background:Component compatibility is important to the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine.Studies have shown that San-ao decoction(SAD)can treat respiratory diseases by relaxing airway smooth muscle(ASM)and reducing airway hyper-responsiveness.However,whether its bioactive components and compatibility also present with similar relaxant effects remains unknown.This study aims to explore the potential relaxant property,dose-response relationship,and underlying mechanisms of the bioactive component compatibility in SAD.Methods:Network pharmacology was primarily used to identify the bioactive components of SAD and uncover its underlying mechanisms.ASM tension force measuring technique was utilized to verify the relaxant and dose-response effects on in vitro guinea pig ASM.Results:We postulated pseudoephedrine hydrochloride(PH),amygdalin(AM),and diammonium glycyrrhizate(DG)to be the bioactive components of SAD,which could effectively relax ASM in a dose-dependent manner on both acetylcholine-induced and spontaneous contraction.Both PH and AM could lead to DG dose–response curve shift.The regression equation of these three bioactive components was Y=-2.048×X_(1)+0.411×X_(2)+14.052×X_(3)(X_(1),X_(2),X_(3)representing PH,AM,and DG,respectively).The underlying mechanisms of these components might be associated with the regulation of smooth muscle contraction.Conclusions:PH,AM,and DG are the bioactive components of SAD,which can relax ASM in a dose–response manner and exert a synergistic effect.Clinically,compatibility of these three bioactive components may serve as a new complementary and alternative treatment for respiratory diseases.展开更多
In order to obtain accumlated dose for ESR dating, the additive dose method is usu-ally used. When samples are irradiated by an αradioactive source in different doses. theESR signals of some centers of the samples gr...In order to obtain accumlated dose for ESR dating, the additive dose method is usu-ally used. When samples are irradiated by an αradioactive source in different doses. theESR signals of some centers of the samples grow up with the increase of irradiation dosesuntil saturation. Models have been suggested and theoretical explanations have beengiven. They believe that the electrons in crystal are in the valence band under展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China! No.196O5005)
文摘To explore the survival and dose response of organism for different radiation sources is of great importance in the research of radiobiology. In this study, the survival-dose response of Deinococcus radiodurans (E.coli, as the control) for ultra-violet (UV), γ-rays radiation and ion beam exposure was investigated. The shoulder type of survival curves were found for both UV and γ-ray ionizing radiation, but the saddle type of survival curves were shown for H+、 N+( 20keV and 30keV) and Ar+ beam exposure. This dose effect of the survival initially decreased with the increase in dose and then increased in the high dose range and finally decreased again in the higher dose range. Our experimental results suggest that D. radiodurans, which is considerably radio-resistant to UV and x-ray and γ-ray ionizing radiation, do not resist ion beam exposure.
文摘AIM:To assess the vitamin A status of patients with Crohn's disease(CD) by evaluating serum retinol levels and the relative dose response(RDR) test(liver retinol stores).METHODS:Vitamin A nutritional status was measured by serum retinol obtained by high performance liquid chromatography and the RDR test for evaluation of the hepatic stores.Body composition was performed by densitometry by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.Vitamin A dietary intake was assessed from a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire.RESULTS:This study included 38 CD patients and 33 controls.Low serum retinol concentrations were detected in 29% of CD patients vs 15% in controls(P < 0.005).The RDR test was positive in 37% of CD patients vs 12% in controls,which indicated inadequate hepatic vitamin A stores(P < 0.005).Individuals with hypovitaminosis A had lower BMI and body fat compared with those without this deficiency.There was no association between vitamin A deficiency and its dietary intake,ileal location,presence of disease activity and prior bowel resections.CONCLUSION:Patients with CD have higher prevalence of vitamin A deficiency,as assessed by two independent methods.
基金Supported by the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents under Grant No BX201600037the Science and Technology Research Project of Guangdong Province under Grant Nos 20158090901048 and 2015B090912002the Distinguished Young Scientist Program of Guangdong Province under Grant No 2015A030306002
文摘Total ionizing dose effect induced low frequency degradations in 130 nm partially depleted silicon-on-insulator(SOI) technology are studied by ^(60) Co γ-ray irradiation. The experimental results show that the flicker noise at the front gate is not affected by the radiation since the radiation induced trapped charge in the thin gate oxide can be ignored. However, both the Lorenz spectrum noise, which is related to the linear kink effect(LKE) at the front gate, and the flicker noise at the back gate are sensitive to radiation. The radiation induced trapped charge in shallow trench isolation and the buried oxide can deplete the nearby body region and can activate the traps which reside in the depletion region. These traps act as a GR center and accelerate the consumption of the accumulated holes in the floating body.It results in the attenuation of the LKE and the increase of the Lorenz spectrum noise. Simultaneously, the radiation induced trapped charge in the buried oxide can directly lead to an enhanced flicker noise at the back gate. The trapped charge density in the buried oxide is extracted to increase from 2.21×10^(18)eV^(-1)cm^(-3) to 3.59×10^(18)eV^(-1)cm^(-3) after irradiation.
基金supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2017M621818)the National Key Research and Development Project(Nos.2017YFF0206205 and2016YFB0501303)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51873137 and 11705123)the Project of the State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection Soochow University(No.GZN1201801)。
文摘The photoelectric device of a scintillation dosimeter converts photons produced by radiation into an electrical signal.Its features directly determine the overall performance of the dosimeter.For a plastic scintillation fiber dosimeter(PSFD)with a current readout mode,systematic studies of the stability and light-dose response were performed for the photomultiplier tube(PMT),silicon photomultiplier(SiPM),avalanche photodiode(APD),and photodiode(PD).The temperature stability,long-term stability,repeatability,signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),and current dose response of the PSFD with the abovementioned photoelectric devices were studied using a pulsed LED light source and the Small Animal Radiation Therapy platform.An exponential relationship between the dark/ne current and temperature was obtained for all the devices.I is shown that the APD is the most sensitive device to temperature,with a current dependence on temperature reaching 6.5%C^(-1)at room temperature,whereas for the other devices this dependence is always<0:6%C^(-1).In terms of long-term stability,the net current of PD can change by up to 4%when working continuously for 8 h and 2%when working intermittently for 32 h,whereas for the other devices,the changes are all<1%.For the dose response,the PMT and SiPM exhibit excellent linear responses and SNRs within the range of 0.1-60 Gy/min For the PSFD with a current readout mode,the performance of the PMT and SiPM is concluded to be better than that of the other devices in the study.In particular,the SiPM,which has a compact size,low bias voltage,and antimagnetic interference,has great advantages for further applications.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81703252,to MQ)Shanghai Key Lab of Human Performance,Shanghai University of Sport(No.11DZ2261100).
文摘Purpose:The extent to which walking pace is associated with a reduced risk for stroke remains unclear.This study examined the association between walking pace and stroke risk based on prospective cohort studies.Methods:Databases of PubMed,EMBASE,Web of Science,Scopus,and China National Knowledge Internet were searched from the inception dates to January 31,2019,for prospective cohort studies focusing on walking pace and risk of stroke in adults.Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed the quality of the studies.The dependent measure was stroke incidence.Using random-effects models,a metaanalysis was performed to estimate the overall relative risks(RR)of stroke incidence and 95%confidence intervals(CIs)for the individuals with the fastest walking paces vs.individuals with the slowest walking paces.A dose-response relationship was also examined.Results:After screening 1294 titles/abstracts and 14 full-text studies identified in the search,7 studies(from 8 cohorts)were included in the metaanalysis.The 7 studies included a total of 135,645 participants(95.2%women;mean age 63.6 years)and 2229 stroke events(median follow-up time=8.0 years).Compared to individuals in the slowest walking-pace category(median=1.6 km/h),individuals in the fastest walking-pace category(median=5.6 km/h)had a 44%lower risk of stroke(pooled RR=0.56,95%CI:0.48-0.65).There was also a linear dose-response relationship(RR=0.87;95%CI:0.83-0.91),with the risk of stroke decreased by 13%for every 1 km/h increment in baseline walking pace.We observed similar results across walking-pace assessment,type of stroke ascertainment,stroke subtypes,sex,sample size,and duration of follow-up.Conclusion:Findings from this meta-analysis indicate that walking pace is inversely associated with the risk of stroke.
基金This study was supported by the Scientific Research Fund of the Chinese Acadeny of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College(Nom 954006)the Excellent Young Scientists Fund of the Ministry of Health,China(No.97004).
文摘To compare the characteristics of the dose response relationship and the time course of action between atracurium and rocuronium in adult patients anesthetized with N 2O O 2 fentanyl thiopene Methods Sixty patients, ASA grade Ⅰ, aged 18-50 years, scheduled for elective plastic surgery were studied All patients were randomly divided into either the atracurium or rocuronium group General anesthesia was maintained with 60% nitrous oxide and 40% oxygen, thiopentone, and fentanyl Neuromuscular function was assessed using an accelograph with train of four (TOF) stimulation at the wrist every 12 seconds The percentage depression of the first twitch (T 1) was used as the study parameter The dose response relationship of atracurium and rocuronium was determined by the cumulative dose response technique Results According to the dose response curves established by a least squares linear regression, the potency ratio of atracurium to rocuronium was 1∶1 2 There were significant differences in the ED 50 , ED 90 , and ED 95 between the two drugs After the intravenous administration of equipotent doses of both drugs (1 5×ED 95 ), the duration of peak effect, clinical duration, and total duration were significantly different between the two drugs, but their recovery indexes were similar Conclusions Atracurium and rocuronium are low potency nondepolarizing relaxants with intermediate duration As compared to atracurium, the neuromuscular blocking effect of rocuronium was about 20% less potent and its duration of action was
基金This study was supported by The Startup Foundation for Introducing Talent of Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology(NUIST),Nanjing,China(Grant No.003080)the Jiangsu Distinguished Professor Program of the People’s Government of Jiangsu Province.
文摘The European Federation of Food, Agriculture, and Tourism Trade Unions (EFFAT) called for the immediate ban on glyphosate in the 2022 renewal process, promoting the use of natural herbicides and recommending against the use of other harmful or hazardous chemicals. The new chemical testing and selection research agendas should consider the hormetic effects of individual natural herbicides, and their potential mixtures, on targeted and non-targeted organisms to avoid stimulation of pests and negative effects on non-targeted organisms. New scientific research programs are needed to study the effects of mixtures of natural pesticides on soils, plants, animals, and microorganisms within the context of agroforestry.
基金supported by the Research and Development Foundation of the Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(No.2016-ZXFZJJ-116)。
文摘Background:Component compatibility is important to the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine.Studies have shown that San-ao decoction(SAD)can treat respiratory diseases by relaxing airway smooth muscle(ASM)and reducing airway hyper-responsiveness.However,whether its bioactive components and compatibility also present with similar relaxant effects remains unknown.This study aims to explore the potential relaxant property,dose-response relationship,and underlying mechanisms of the bioactive component compatibility in SAD.Methods:Network pharmacology was primarily used to identify the bioactive components of SAD and uncover its underlying mechanisms.ASM tension force measuring technique was utilized to verify the relaxant and dose-response effects on in vitro guinea pig ASM.Results:We postulated pseudoephedrine hydrochloride(PH),amygdalin(AM),and diammonium glycyrrhizate(DG)to be the bioactive components of SAD,which could effectively relax ASM in a dose-dependent manner on both acetylcholine-induced and spontaneous contraction.Both PH and AM could lead to DG dose–response curve shift.The regression equation of these three bioactive components was Y=-2.048×X_(1)+0.411×X_(2)+14.052×X_(3)(X_(1),X_(2),X_(3)representing PH,AM,and DG,respectively).The underlying mechanisms of these components might be associated with the regulation of smooth muscle contraction.Conclusions:PH,AM,and DG are the bioactive components of SAD,which can relax ASM in a dose–response manner and exert a synergistic effect.Clinically,compatibility of these three bioactive components may serve as a new complementary and alternative treatment for respiratory diseases.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Chinese Foundation for Development of Geological Science and Techniques.
文摘In order to obtain accumlated dose for ESR dating, the additive dose method is usu-ally used. When samples are irradiated by an αradioactive source in different doses. theESR signals of some centers of the samples grow up with the increase of irradiation dosesuntil saturation. Models have been suggested and theoretical explanations have beengiven. They believe that the electrons in crystal are in the valence band under
