The effects of composite rare earths La+Ce on properties of CuZnAl shape memory alloys were studied bymetallograph examination, tensile and bending tests, electric resistivity measurements, EDS and SEM. The test resul...The effects of composite rare earths La+Ce on properties of CuZnAl shape memory alloys were studied bymetallograph examination, tensile and bending tests, electric resistivity measurements, EDS and SEM. The test resultsshow that the grain size of CuZnAl shape memory alloys could be diminished effectively and the mechanical propertiesimproved obviously by the addition of composite rare earths La+Ce (La: Ce=1: 1). Meanwhile, the excellent shapememory properties remained unchanged. The results of microanalyses indicate that the composite rare earths were segregated at grain boundaries and impeded the grain growth, leading to the improvement of the mechanical properties ofCuZnAl alloys. If the amount of composite rare earths La+Ce was greater than 0. 10%, the shape memorial propertiesbecame poor.展开更多
The diffusion coefficient of carbon in surface layer of steel 20 rare earth carburized at 880 ℃ and 900 ℃ for 8 h was calculated by substituting the measured layer depths into the diffusion equation. The mathematica...The diffusion coefficient of carbon in surface layer of steel 20 rare earth carburized at 880 ℃ and 900 ℃ for 8 h was calculated by substituting the measured layer depths into the diffusion equation. The mathematical model of the transfer coefficient of carbon was deduced based on the kinetics of weight gain during gas carburizing. The calculated results show that the main reason why the gas carburizing process is accelerated is due to the obvious increase in the diffusion coefficient and transfer coefficient of carbon resulted from the addition of RE.展开更多
Golden yellow cerium conversion film was obtained on magnesium alloys surface by immersion method and the preparation parameters were established. The influence of different process parameters on the surface morpholog...Golden yellow cerium conversion film was obtained on magnesium alloys surface by immersion method and the preparation parameters were established. The influence of different process parameters on the surface morphology and performance of the conversion film were analyzed by means of SEM and electrochemical method. Formation dynamics about cerium conversion film on magnesium alloy in solution containing cerium salt and the anti-corrosion behavior of the conversion film in 3.5% NaCl solution were studied by electrochemical method respectively. The results shows that the conversion film is more compact at room temperature when concentration of cerium sulfate is 10 g·L-1 in the solution; the open circuit potential of the magnesium sample moves up to positive direction about 100 mV, the surface of conversion film becomes even and lustrous, and the adhesion intensity of conversion film increases when adding aluminum nitrate into the solution containing cerium salt. The pH value of the solution and immersion time of the sample in the solution also affect the surface morphology and anti-corrosion property of the conversion film. After covered by rare earths conversion film, the anti-corrosion property of magnesium alloy is obviously improved. Rare earth conversion film has self-repairing capability in corrosion medium.展开更多
The toughness of 31Mn2SiRE wear-resistance cast steel were increased by means of RE compound modification and high temperature austenitizing. The results show that the microstructures can be refined, needle and networ...The toughness of 31Mn2SiRE wear-resistance cast steel were increased by means of RE compound modification and high temperature austenitizing. The results show that the microstructures can be refined, needle and network ferrite are eliminated, the dislocation density and the quantity of dislocated martensite are increased remarkably, and the shape and distribution of inclusions are improved by the addition of RE. Therefore, the mechanical properties of the modified steel can be greatly increased, especially the toughness (αK) by 44%, yield strength (σs) by 10%, and elongation (δ5) by 42%.展开更多
The extraction of the trivalent middle rare earths from chloride media by kerosene solutions of 2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester as an extractant was studied. The separation factors between the elem...The extraction of the trivalent middle rare earths from chloride media by kerosene solutions of 2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester as an extractant was studied. The separation factors between the elements using solution simulating wastes from NiMH spent batteries have been evaluated: the order of the extractive ability of extractant can be confirmed in Tb>Gd>Eu>Sm.展开更多
The antimicrobial effect of the Ag-White Carbon Black containing rare earth was investigated. Inorganic antibiotic materials consist of the antibacterial ion, the additive and the carrier. The sol-gel method was used ...The antimicrobial effect of the Ag-White Carbon Black containing rare earth was investigated. Inorganic antibiotic materials consist of the antibacterial ion, the additive and the carrier. The sol-gel method was used to prepare the white carbon black carrier. Ag+ was selected to be the antibacterial ion, and cerous nitrate was selected to be the additive. They were synthesized on the white carbon black carrier. The structures and properties of antibacterial material were characterized by inductively coupled plasma, particle size measurement instrument, fourier transform infrared and enumeration tests (Escherichia coli as experimental bacterium). Results showed that the amount of antibacterial ions and bacteriostasis rate of this new material are higher than those for the general Ag-antibacterial white carbon black (without containing rare earth). Ag+ was bound to white carbon black by ion exchange process and adsorption process. Bacteriostasis rate is over 99%, and the particle size can be extended down to 7 μm with a narrow size distribution. Other advantages of this material are good thermal and light stability. Furthermore, from the antibacterial experiment in rubber and the coating surface of metal, this new material showed promising results. The possible antibacterial mechanism was also proposed through all the experimental data in this study.展开更多
The aim of this investigation is to reveal the influence of rare earths(RE) addition on mechanical properties of plasma nitrocarburized 17-4PH steel.The nitrocarburized layers were characterized by optical microscope,...The aim of this investigation is to reveal the influence of rare earths(RE) addition on mechanical properties of plasma nitrocarburized 17-4PH steel.The nitrocarburized layers were characterized by optical microscope,scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive X-ray analyzer,X-ray diffractometer,microhardness tester and pin-on-disc tribometer.The results showed that RE atoms could diffuse into the surface layer of 17-4PH steel plasma nitrocarburized at 500 °C for 4 h and did not change the phase structure of the surface layer.The presence of RE in the surface layer increased thickness,toughness,microhardness and wear resistance of the nitrocarburized layer.Additionally,grain boundary and micro-crack parallel to the surface have been depressed by plasma nitrocarburizing with RE addition.The severe plastic deformation,adhesion and abrasive wear produced during wear of the experimental steel could be changed into mild micro-abrasion and slight micro-crack wear by plasma nitrocarburizing without and with RE addition,respectively.展开更多
The effects of spraying rare earths(RE) on composition and activities of tea polysaccharide were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP MS), gas chromatography(GC), amino acid analyzer and anima...The effects of spraying rare earths(RE) on composition and activities of tea polysaccharide were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP MS), gas chromatography(GC), amino acid analyzer and animal models. The results show that there are rare earth elements binding glycoprotein in tea (REE TGP). The effects of RE on composition and content of saccharides in REE TGP are not obvious. The contents of Hypro and Ser in REE TGP are evidently enhanced in comparison with that in control (not treated with rare earth), but the content of Glu is smaller than that from control. The content of La in REE TGP from the tea garden sprayed rare earth is 193% higher than that in control. REE TGP declines content of blood sugar in mice and enhances immunization of rat, which are very evident when the animals are treated by REE TGP from the tea garden sprayed RE.展开更多
The investigation on the behavior of RE in microalloyed steel containing Nb and Ti indicates RE still have the effect of purifying molten steel and metamorphose inclusions even when the composition of S is pretty low(...The investigation on the behavior of RE in microalloyed steel containing Nb and Ti indicates RE still have the effect of purifying molten steel and metamorphose inclusions even when the composition of S is pretty low(S<0 003%). The optimum performance of the experimental steels can be obtained when w RE / w O+S is controlled around 3 9. The content of solid solution RE can reach 1×10 -5 ～1×10 -4 order of magnitude in ultra low sulfur steel. The additions of RE can reduce the segregation of S and P at the grain boundary, delay the dynamic recrystallization, refine the grain and second phase particles, and promote the precipitation of (Nb, Ti)(C, N). RE also exhibit the microalloying effect in steel.展开更多
Cu-30Ni-xRE(x=0-0.213 wt.%) alloy was prepared by adding rare earths(RE) in melted Cu-30Ni alloy using metal mould casting method.The effects of RE on corrosion resistance of the alloy in simulated seawater were inves...Cu-30Ni-xRE(x=0-0.213 wt.%) alloy was prepared by adding rare earths(RE) in melted Cu-30Ni alloy using metal mould casting method.The effects of RE on corrosion resistance of the alloy in simulated seawater were investigated using optical microscope,scanning electronic microscope with energy-dispersive spectrometer and electrochemical measurement system.The results showed that the corrosion resistance of Cu-30Ni alloy was greatly improved by adding proper amount of RE,whereas excess addition of RE worsened the corrosion resistance.The optimum RE content was about 0.095 wt.%.In comparison with the alloy without RE,the corrosion potential and corrosion current density of Cu-30Ni alloy containing proper RE decreased by about -40 mV and 0.47 μA/cm2,respectively.The roles of RE purifying the impurities and decreasing Ni element segregation,which resulted in the decrease of galvanic cell and corrosion potential gradient in Cu-30Ni alloy,were responsible for the improvement of corrosion resistance.展开更多
The rare earths of ytterbium, lanthanum, praseodymium, neodymium and their binary mixtures were respectively added into the traditional electroless plating solution to prepare thin palladium film on the inner surface ...The rare earths of ytterbium, lanthanum, praseodymium, neodymium and their binary mixtures were respectively added into the traditional electroless plating solution to prepare thin palladium film on the inner surface of porous ceramic tube. The experimental results shows that the addition of rare earths increases palladium deposition rates and the binary mixtures are superior to the single rare earths and the mixture of ytterbium-lanthanum is the most efficient. Adding the mixture of ytterbium-lanthanum can also reduce the plating temperature by 10～20 ℃, shrink the metal crystal size and improve the film densification compared to those by traditional electroless plating. A thin palladium film with 5 μm was prepared and the film made a highly pure hydrogen with a molar fraction of more than 99.97% from a H2-N2 gas mixture. More attentions were paid to analyze the physical and chemical behaviors of the rare earths in palladium film preparation.展开更多
Monometallic catalyst Pt/SAPO-11 was prepared by impregnation method.Bimetallic catalysts LaPt/SAPO-11 or CePt/SAPO-11 was prepared by sequential impregnation method.The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffracti...Monometallic catalyst Pt/SAPO-11 was prepared by impregnation method.Bimetallic catalysts LaPt/SAPO-11 or CePt/SAPO-11 was prepared by sequential impregnation method.The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),nitrogen adsorption,temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia(NH3-TPD),and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) techniques.The results showed that with the addition of rare earths the BET surface areas,pore volume,the amount of Bronsted acid and the total acidity of catalysts decreased slightly.However,the additive addition could lead to an increase in the amount of Lewis acid.Meanwhile,the introduction of additive was feasible to promote the dispersity of Pt.In addition,the hydroisomerization of n-heptane over different catalysts was studied.Compared with Pt/SAPO-11,LaPt/SAPO-11 or CePt/SAPO-11 showed higher catalytic activity and yield of i-C7 due to its higher Pt dispersion.展开更多
Inorganic antibacterial materials consist of the antibacterial ions, the additives and the carrier. In this study, we synthesized a new inorganic antibacterialmaterial, of which Cu2+ and Ag+ were selected to be the bi...Inorganic antibacterial materials consist of the antibacterial ions, the additives and the carrier. In this study, we synthesized a new inorganic antibacterialmaterial, of which Cu2+ and Ag+ were selected to be the bi-component antibacterial ions, cerous nitrate served as the additives, and the white carbon black was chosen as the carrier, which was prepared by a sol-gel method. The as-synthesized antibacterial material was characterized by inductively coupled plasma, particle size measurement instrument, scanning electron microscope and enumeration tests. The result showed that the amount of antibacterial ions and bacteriostasis rate of this new material are higher than those for the single-ion inorganic antibacterial material. In addition, the particle size of this material can be extended down to 7 μm with a narrow size distribution. Other advantages of this material are its loose and dispersive structure, good thermal and light stability. From the antibacterial experiment in rubber and the coating surface of metal, this new material showed promising results. The possible antibacterial mechanism was also proposed through all the experimental data in this study.展开更多
The inhibition effect of rare earths on the production of ·O - 2 produced by radiolysis of aqueous sodium formate saturated with O 2 with high energy pulse electron beam was studied. The result indicates that rar...The inhibition effect of rare earths on the production of ·O - 2 produced by radiolysis of aqueous sodium formate saturated with O 2 with high energy pulse electron beam was studied. The result indicates that rare earth nitrate obviously inhibits the production of ·O - 2 . The inhibition rate is between 28 6% and 92%. The inhibition effect increases with the increase of rare earth nitrates concentration. The distinguish dose effect relationship was observed.展开更多
A series of new ternary complexes of 6 methyl 2 picolinic acid N oxide(HL) and 2,2′ bipyridine N,N′ dioxide(bipyO 2) with Ln 3+ (Ln=La, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Yb) were synthesized and characterized. The composition of ...A series of new ternary complexes of 6 methyl 2 picolinic acid N oxide(HL) and 2,2′ bipyridine N,N′ dioxide(bipyO 2) with Ln 3+ (Ln=La, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Yb) were synthesized and characterized. The composition of the ternary complexes is determined as {LnL 3·bipyO 2·H 2O} ( n-1 )H 2O ( n =2 5～3 0). They are nonelectrolytes in ethanol. It is found that fluorescence intensities of the ternary complexes, LnL 3·bipyO 2·H 2O, are weaker than those of binary complexes, LnL 3·H 2O. And it is also found that Tb 3+ luminescence at 489 3 nm in TbL 3·bipyO 2·H 2O is sensitized by bipyO 2, and it is stronger than that at 543 8 nm, Which differs from TbL 3·H 2O.展开更多
The extraction behavior of rare earths was studied by using paraffin with ceresin as a diluent containing1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-pyrazolone-5.In solid phase,the composition of complexes is REP<sub>3</sub&...The extraction behavior of rare earths was studied by using paraffin with ceresin as a diluent containing1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-pyrazolone-5.In solid phase,the composition of complexes is REP<sub>3</sub>.The equilib-rium extraction constants and pH<sub>1/2</sub> values of solid-liquid extraction are higher than those of normalliquid-liquid extraction.The extraction efficiency tends to maximum when the ratio of phases is 1:1.When theextraction temperature is higher than the melting point of paraffin and the extraction time is over 10 min,theextraction efficiency keeps constant.Moreover,the relationship among separation factor,equilibrium extrac-tion constant,pH<sub>1/2</sub> value and atomic number was obtained.The mechanism of solid-liquid extraction isanalogous to that of liquid-liquid extraction.展开更多
Based on the countercurrent extraction theory for optimized designing and simulating, the rare earth separation processes, the selection of the detecting points (stages) and on line analysis for elements, the simulati...Based on the countercurrent extraction theory for optimized designing and simulating, the rare earth separation processes, the selection of the detecting points (stages) and on line analysis for elements, the simulation of open loop response and its response speed, the diagnosis and the regulative prescription for running the solvent extraction cascades were studied.展开更多
The whole-rock geochemistry of a rare earths rich carhonatite dykes that locates at Dulahala and lies 3 km north-east to the East Ore body of the giant Bayan Obo RE-Nb-Fe deposit was analysed. The dyke cuts cross HI c...The whole-rock geochemistry of a rare earths rich carhonatite dykes that locates at Dulahala and lies 3 km north-east to the East Ore body of the giant Bayan Obo RE-Nb-Fe deposit was analysed. The dyke cuts cross HI coarse quartz sandstone and H2 fine quartzite of the Proterozoic Bayan Obo group. RE content in the dyke varies greatly up to 20% (mass fraction), which comprises rich RE ores. Light RE in carbonatites are extredmely en carbonatite and strongly fractionated relative to heavy RE, hut no Eu anomaly. The carbonatite may be produced by mechanisms as follows: the carbonatite magma is directly formed by very low degree(F<1%) partial meltding of enriched lithospheric mantle, leaving residual minerals characterized by abundant garnet; then the magma arises into a chamber within the crust where they will undergo fractional crystallization, which makes RE further concentrated in carbonatite. The RE patterns and spider diagrams of the carbonatite are identical to those fine-grained dolomite marble that is the ore-host rock for the Bayan Obo deposit. However, the carbonatite is calcic, which is different from the fine-dgrained dodlomite marble in major element geochemistry. The difference is suggested to be resulted from that the carbonatite dyke is not affected by a large scale dolomitization, while the fine-grained dolomite marble might be the product of dolomitized carbonatite intrusive body that might set up a hydrothermal system in the region, which transported Mg from the Bayan Obo sediments, especially form the shales to the carbonatite intrusion.展开更多
MoSi 2 and rare earths/MoSi 2 materials were prepared by mechanical alloying, IP and high temperature sintering techniques. Their room temperature properties such as bending strength, fracture toughness and electric c...MoSi 2 and rare earths/MoSi 2 materials were prepared by mechanical alloying, IP and high temperature sintering techniques. Their room temperature properties such as bending strength, fracture toughness and electric conductivity were measured. The results show that rare earths have better strengthening and toughening effects on the MoSi 2 matrix than SiC does. The room temperature bending strength and fracture toughness of 0 9% rare earths/MoSi 2 material are 419 41 MPa and 5 81 MPa·m 1/2 , which have increased by 46% and 81% than the matrix, respectively. The strengthening mechanisms of rare earths/MoSi 2 are fine grain and dispersion strengthening. The toughening mechanisms are fine grain toughening, crack deflection and bowing toughening. Moreover, the effect of rare earths on the electric conductivity of MoSi 2 is much weaker than that of SiC whiskers. With the addition of 0 9% rare earths, the resistivity of MoSi 2 is only raised by about 13 9%.展开更多
文摘The effects of composite rare earths La+Ce on properties of CuZnAl shape memory alloys were studied bymetallograph examination, tensile and bending tests, electric resistivity measurements, EDS and SEM. The test resultsshow that the grain size of CuZnAl shape memory alloys could be diminished effectively and the mechanical propertiesimproved obviously by the addition of composite rare earths La+Ce (La: Ce=1: 1). Meanwhile, the excellent shapememory properties remained unchanged. The results of microanalyses indicate that the composite rare earths were segregated at grain boundaries and impeded the grain growth, leading to the improvement of the mechanical properties ofCuZnAl alloys. If the amount of composite rare earths La+Ce was greater than 0. 10%, the shape memorial propertiesbecame poor.
文摘The diffusion coefficient of carbon in surface layer of steel 20 rare earth carburized at 880 ℃ and 900 ℃ for 8 h was calculated by substituting the measured layer depths into the diffusion equation. The mathematical model of the transfer coefficient of carbon was deduced based on the kinetics of weight gain during gas carburizing. The calculated results show that the main reason why the gas carburizing process is accelerated is due to the obvious increase in the diffusion coefficient and transfer coefficient of carbon resulted from the addition of RE.
基金Project supported by the Science and Technology Foundation of Sci. & Tec. Office of Qinhuangdao City (200507)
文摘Golden yellow cerium conversion film was obtained on magnesium alloys surface by immersion method and the preparation parameters were established. The influence of different process parameters on the surface morphology and performance of the conversion film were analyzed by means of SEM and electrochemical method. Formation dynamics about cerium conversion film on magnesium alloy in solution containing cerium salt and the anti-corrosion behavior of the conversion film in 3.5% NaCl solution were studied by electrochemical method respectively. The results shows that the conversion film is more compact at room temperature when concentration of cerium sulfate is 10 g·L-1 in the solution; the open circuit potential of the magnesium sample moves up to positive direction about 100 mV, the surface of conversion film becomes even and lustrous, and the adhesion intensity of conversion film increases when adding aluminum nitrate into the solution containing cerium salt. The pH value of the solution and immersion time of the sample in the solution also affect the surface morphology and anti-corrosion property of the conversion film. After covered by rare earths conversion film, the anti-corrosion property of magnesium alloy is obviously improved. Rare earth conversion film has self-repairing capability in corrosion medium.
基金Project supported by the Innovation Fund for Outstanding Scholar of Henan Province (0621000600)
文摘The toughness of 31Mn2SiRE wear-resistance cast steel were increased by means of RE compound modification and high temperature austenitizing. The results show that the microstructures can be refined, needle and network ferrite are eliminated, the dislocation density and the quantity of dislocated martensite are increased remarkably, and the shape and distribution of inclusions are improved by the addition of RE. Therefore, the mechanical properties of the modified steel can be greatly increased, especially the toughness (αK) by 44%, yield strength (σs) by 10%, and elongation (δ5) by 42%.
文摘The extraction of the trivalent middle rare earths from chloride media by kerosene solutions of 2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester as an extractant was studied. The separation factors between the elements using solution simulating wastes from NiMH spent batteries have been evaluated: the order of the extractive ability of extractant can be confirmed in Tb>Gd>Eu>Sm.
基金National Nature Science Foundation of China (50574045)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (20050674003)the Science Research Fund of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education (07Y41398)
文摘The antimicrobial effect of the Ag-White Carbon Black containing rare earth was investigated. Inorganic antibiotic materials consist of the antibacterial ion, the additive and the carrier. The sol-gel method was used to prepare the white carbon black carrier. Ag+ was selected to be the antibacterial ion, and cerous nitrate was selected to be the additive. They were synthesized on the white carbon black carrier. The structures and properties of antibacterial material were characterized by inductively coupled plasma, particle size measurement instrument, fourier transform infrared and enumeration tests (Escherichia coli as experimental bacterium). Results showed that the amount of antibacterial ions and bacteriostasis rate of this new material are higher than those for the general Ag-antibacterial white carbon black (without containing rare earth). Ag+ was bound to white carbon black by ion exchange process and adsorption process. Bacteriostasis rate is over 99%, and the particle size can be extended down to 7 μm with a narrow size distribution. Other advantages of this material are good thermal and light stability. Furthermore, from the antibacterial experiment in rubber and the coating surface of metal, this new material showed promising results. The possible antibacterial mechanism was also proposed through all the experimental data in this study.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50871035)the Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (20060213017)
文摘The aim of this investigation is to reveal the influence of rare earths(RE) addition on mechanical properties of plasma nitrocarburized 17-4PH steel.The nitrocarburized layers were characterized by optical microscope,scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive X-ray analyzer,X-ray diffractometer,microhardness tester and pin-on-disc tribometer.The results showed that RE atoms could diffuse into the surface layer of 17-4PH steel plasma nitrocarburized at 500 °C for 4 h and did not change the phase structure of the surface layer.The presence of RE in the surface layer increased thickness,toughness,microhardness and wear resistance of the nitrocarburized layer.Additionally,grain boundary and micro-crack parallel to the surface have been depressed by plasma nitrocarburizing with RE addition.The severe plastic deformation,adhesion and abrasive wear produced during wear of the experimental steel could be changed into mild micro-abrasion and slight micro-crack wear by plasma nitrocarburizing without and with RE addition,respectively.
文摘The effects of spraying rare earths(RE) on composition and activities of tea polysaccharide were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP MS), gas chromatography(GC), amino acid analyzer and animal models. The results show that there are rare earth elements binding glycoprotein in tea (REE TGP). The effects of RE on composition and content of saccharides in REE TGP are not obvious. The contents of Hypro and Ser in REE TGP are evidently enhanced in comparison with that in control (not treated with rare earth), but the content of Glu is smaller than that from control. The content of La in REE TGP from the tea garden sprayed rare earth is 193% higher than that in control. REE TGP declines content of blood sugar in mice and enhances immunization of rat, which are very evident when the animals are treated by REE TGP from the tea garden sprayed RE.
文摘The investigation on the behavior of RE in microalloyed steel containing Nb and Ti indicates RE still have the effect of purifying molten steel and metamorphose inclusions even when the composition of S is pretty low(S<0 003%). The optimum performance of the experimental steels can be obtained when w RE / w O+S is controlled around 3 9. The content of solid solution RE can reach 1×10 -5 ～1×10 -4 order of magnitude in ultra low sulfur steel. The additions of RE can reduce the segregation of S and P at the grain boundary, delay the dynamic recrystallization, refine the grain and second phase particles, and promote the precipitation of (Nb, Ti)(C, N). RE also exhibit the microalloying effect in steel.
基金Project Financially supported by Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (2007CB616903)
文摘Cu-30Ni-xRE(x=0-0.213 wt.%) alloy was prepared by adding rare earths(RE) in melted Cu-30Ni alloy using metal mould casting method.The effects of RE on corrosion resistance of the alloy in simulated seawater were investigated using optical microscope,scanning electronic microscope with energy-dispersive spectrometer and electrochemical measurement system.The results showed that the corrosion resistance of Cu-30Ni alloy was greatly improved by adding proper amount of RE,whereas excess addition of RE worsened the corrosion resistance.The optimum RE content was about 0.095 wt.%.In comparison with the alloy without RE,the corrosion potential and corrosion current density of Cu-30Ni alloy containing proper RE decreased by about -40 mV and 0.47 μA/cm2,respectively.The roles of RE purifying the impurities and decreasing Ni element segregation,which resulted in the decrease of galvanic cell and corrosion potential gradient in Cu-30Ni alloy,were responsible for the improvement of corrosion resistance.
基金Project supported by Science and Technology Committee of Jiangxi Province
文摘The rare earths of ytterbium, lanthanum, praseodymium, neodymium and their binary mixtures were respectively added into the traditional electroless plating solution to prepare thin palladium film on the inner surface of porous ceramic tube. The experimental results shows that the addition of rare earths increases palladium deposition rates and the binary mixtures are superior to the single rare earths and the mixture of ytterbium-lanthanum is the most efficient. Adding the mixture of ytterbium-lanthanum can also reduce the plating temperature by 10～20 ℃, shrink the metal crystal size and improve the film densification compared to those by traditional electroless plating. A thin palladium film with 5 μm was prepared and the film made a highly pure hydrogen with a molar fraction of more than 99.97% from a H2-N2 gas mixture. More attentions were paid to analyze the physical and chemical behaviors of the rare earths in palladium film preparation.
基金supported by the Foundation of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Precious Metals Chemistry (SYGK0710)Natural Scientific Foundation of Jiangsu Teachers University of Technology (KYY06029)
文摘Monometallic catalyst Pt/SAPO-11 was prepared by impregnation method.Bimetallic catalysts LaPt/SAPO-11 or CePt/SAPO-11 was prepared by sequential impregnation method.The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),nitrogen adsorption,temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia(NH3-TPD),and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) techniques.The results showed that with the addition of rare earths the BET surface areas,pore volume,the amount of Bronsted acid and the total acidity of catalysts decreased slightly.However,the additive addition could lead to an increase in the amount of Lewis acid.Meanwhile,the introduction of additive was feasible to promote the dispersity of Pt.In addition,the hydroisomerization of n-heptane over different catalysts was studied.Compared with Pt/SAPO-11,LaPt/SAPO-11 or CePt/SAPO-11 showed higher catalytic activity and yield of i-C7 due to its higher Pt dispersion.
基金the National Nature Science Foundation of China (50574045)the Specialized Research Fundfor the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (20050674003)the Science Research Fund of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education(07Y41398)
文摘Inorganic antibacterial materials consist of the antibacterial ions, the additives and the carrier. In this study, we synthesized a new inorganic antibacterialmaterial, of which Cu2+ and Ag+ were selected to be the bi-component antibacterial ions, cerous nitrate served as the additives, and the white carbon black was chosen as the carrier, which was prepared by a sol-gel method. The as-synthesized antibacterial material was characterized by inductively coupled plasma, particle size measurement instrument, scanning electron microscope and enumeration tests. The result showed that the amount of antibacterial ions and bacteriostasis rate of this new material are higher than those for the single-ion inorganic antibacterial material. In addition, the particle size of this material can be extended down to 7 μm with a narrow size distribution. Other advantages of this material are its loose and dispersive structure, good thermal and light stability. From the antibacterial experiment in rubber and the coating surface of metal, this new material showed promising results. The possible antibacterial mechanism was also proposed through all the experimental data in this study.
文摘The inhibition effect of rare earths on the production of ·O - 2 produced by radiolysis of aqueous sodium formate saturated with O 2 with high energy pulse electron beam was studied. The result indicates that rare earth nitrate obviously inhibits the production of ·O - 2 . The inhibition rate is between 28 6% and 92%. The inhibition effect increases with the increase of rare earth nitrates concentration. The distinguish dose effect relationship was observed.
文摘A series of new ternary complexes of 6 methyl 2 picolinic acid N oxide(HL) and 2,2′ bipyridine N,N′ dioxide(bipyO 2) with Ln 3+ (Ln=La, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Yb) were synthesized and characterized. The composition of the ternary complexes is determined as {LnL 3·bipyO 2·H 2O} ( n-1 )H 2O ( n =2 5～3 0). They are nonelectrolytes in ethanol. It is found that fluorescence intensities of the ternary complexes, LnL 3·bipyO 2·H 2O, are weaker than those of binary complexes, LnL 3·H 2O. And it is also found that Tb 3+ luminescence at 489 3 nm in TbL 3·bipyO 2·H 2O is sensitized by bipyO 2, and it is stronger than that at 543 8 nm, Which differs from TbL 3·H 2O.
文摘The extraction behavior of rare earths was studied by using paraffin with ceresin as a diluent containing1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-pyrazolone-5.In solid phase,the composition of complexes is REP<sub>3</sub>.The equilib-rium extraction constants and pH<sub>1/2</sub> values of solid-liquid extraction are higher than those of normalliquid-liquid extraction.The extraction efficiency tends to maximum when the ratio of phases is 1:1.When theextraction temperature is higher than the melting point of paraffin and the extraction time is over 10 min,theextraction efficiency keeps constant.Moreover,the relationship among separation factor,equilibrium extrac-tion constant,pH<sub>1/2</sub> value and atomic number was obtained.The mechanism of solid-liquid extraction isanalogous to that of liquid-liquid extraction.
文摘Based on the countercurrent extraction theory for optimized designing and simulating, the rare earth separation processes, the selection of the detecting points (stages) and on line analysis for elements, the simulation of open loop response and its response speed, the diagnosis and the regulative prescription for running the solvent extraction cascades were studied.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China!4987203 a Grant from China Ministry of Education
文摘The whole-rock geochemistry of a rare earths rich carhonatite dykes that locates at Dulahala and lies 3 km north-east to the East Ore body of the giant Bayan Obo RE-Nb-Fe deposit was analysed. The dyke cuts cross HI coarse quartz sandstone and H2 fine quartzite of the Proterozoic Bayan Obo group. RE content in the dyke varies greatly up to 20% (mass fraction), which comprises rich RE ores. Light RE in carbonatites are extredmely en carbonatite and strongly fractionated relative to heavy RE, hut no Eu anomaly. The carbonatite may be produced by mechanisms as follows: the carbonatite magma is directly formed by very low degree(F<1%) partial meltding of enriched lithospheric mantle, leaving residual minerals characterized by abundant garnet; then the magma arises into a chamber within the crust where they will undergo fractional crystallization, which makes RE further concentrated in carbonatite. The RE patterns and spider diagrams of the carbonatite are identical to those fine-grained dolomite marble that is the ore-host rock for the Bayan Obo deposit. However, the carbonatite is calcic, which is different from the fine-dgrained dodlomite marble in major element geochemistry. The difference is suggested to be resulted from that the carbonatite dyke is not affected by a large scale dolomitization, while the fine-grained dolomite marble might be the product of dolomitized carbonatite intrusive body that might set up a hydrothermal system in the region, which transported Mg from the Bayan Obo sediments, especially form the shales to the carbonatite intrusion.
文摘MoSi 2 and rare earths/MoSi 2 materials were prepared by mechanical alloying, IP and high temperature sintering techniques. Their room temperature properties such as bending strength, fracture toughness and electric conductivity were measured. The results show that rare earths have better strengthening and toughening effects on the MoSi 2 matrix than SiC does. The room temperature bending strength and fracture toughness of 0 9% rare earths/MoSi 2 material are 419 41 MPa and 5 81 MPa·m 1/2 , which have increased by 46% and 81% than the matrix, respectively. The strengthening mechanisms of rare earths/MoSi 2 are fine grain and dispersion strengthening. The toughening mechanisms are fine grain toughening, crack deflection and bowing toughening. Moreover, the effect of rare earths on the electric conductivity of MoSi 2 is much weaker than that of SiC whiskers. With the addition of 0 9% rare earths, the resistivity of MoSi 2 is only raised by about 13 9%.
