Chiba Prefecture is located in the east of Tokyo Metropolis. A large scale development of industrial and residential areas began in the late 1950s until then the main industries of the prefecture were agriculture and ...Chiba Prefecture is located in the east of Tokyo Metropolis. A large scale development of industrial and residential areas began in the late 1950s until then the main industries of the prefecture were agriculture and fisheries. During the past 30 years rapid industrialization and urbanization took place resulting in occurrence of various environmental problems.In an attempt to establish a better environment condition towards 21st century Chiba Prefecture has made Environmental Plan which all the municipal governments, enterprises and inhabitants should observe to realize better environment.展开更多
Wetland plays an extremely important role in economy and ecological environment,and the construction of constructed wetland also has a certain impact on the environment.Via the evaluation on environmental status of co...Wetland plays an extremely important role in economy and ecological environment,and the construction of constructed wetland also has a certain impact on the environment.Via the evaluation on environmental status of constructed wetland,the main environmental problems are found out,and the impact of construction of constructed wetland project on local water environment and ecological environment is analyzed,and evaluation conclusion is obtained.展开更多
Background Socioeconomic status(SES)inequity was recognized as a driver of some certain infectious diseases.However,few studies evaluated the association between SES and the burden of overall infections,and even fewer...Background Socioeconomic status(SES)inequity was recognized as a driver of some certain infectious diseases.However,few studies evaluated the association between SES and the burden of overall infections,and even fewer identified preventable mediators.This study aimed to assess the association between SES and overall infectious diseases burden,and the potential roles of factors including lifestyle,environmental pollution,chronic disease history.Methods We included 401,009 participants from the UK Biobank(UKB)and defined the infection status for each participant according to their diagnosis records.Latent class analysis(LCA)was used to define SES for each participant.We further defined healthy lifestyle score,environment pollution score(EPS)and four types of chronic comorbidities.We used multivariate logistic regression to test the associations between the four above covariates and infectious diseases.Then,we performed the mediation and interaction analysis to explain the relationships between SES and other variables on infectious diseases.Finally,we employed seven types of sensitivity analyses,including considering the Townsend deprivation index as an area level SES variable,repeating our main analysis for some individual or composite factors and in some subgroups,as well as in an external data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey,to verify the main results.Results In UKB,60,771(15.2%)participants were diagnosed with infectious diseases during follow-up.Lower SES[odds ratio(OR)=1.5570]were associated with higher risk of overall infections.Lifestyle score mediated 2.9%of effects from SES,which ranged from 2.9 to 4.0%in different infection subtypes,while cardiovascular disease(CVD)mediated a proportion of 6.2%with a range from 2.1 to 6.8%.In addition,SES showed significant negative interaction with lifestyle score(OR=0.8650)and a history of cancer(OR=0.9096),while a significant synergy interaction was observed between SES and EPS(OR=1.0024).In subgroup analysis,we found that males and African(AFR)with lower SES showed much higher infection risk.Results from sensitivity and validation analyses showed relative consistent with the main analysis.Conclusions Low SES is shown to be an important risk factor for infectious disease,part of which may be mediated by poor lifestyle and chronic comorbidities.Efforts to enhance health education and improve the quality of living environment may help reduce burden of infectious disease,especially for people with low SES.展开更多
Assessment of the current status of Lake Baikal proved to be based on changes in natural (“preindustrial”) chemical content in basic abiotic and biological compartments of the Lake geosystem. This approach was used ...Assessment of the current status of Lake Baikal proved to be based on changes in natural (“preindustrial”) chemical content in basic abiotic and biological compartments of the Lake geosystem. This approach was used to evaluate background “base-line levels” of 6 major and about 50 minor and trace ele-ments in the Lake Baikal water body using a number of most reliable data re-ported within 1992-2012. In terms of environment geochemistry Baikal is one of the purest water reservoirs on the Earth. A simple mass balance model was proposed for assessing possible anthropogenic impact on Baikal water geo-chemistry. Estimations of change trends showed that only for Na+, SO42-, Cl- and Mo growth rate of their average concentrations in the Lake occurred to be 1%, 3%, 7% and 2% in every 10 years. Space-time monitoring schedules for all water body compartments of the Lake are proposed as well as similar moni-toring programs for tributaries, precipitations, bottom sediments, aquatic biota.展开更多
In the new era,the development level of marine industry in Zhejiang province has been improved rapidly,and a series of marine development concepts and requirements have been implemented one after another,which plays a...In the new era,the development level of marine industry in Zhejiang province has been improved rapidly,and a series of marine development concepts and requirements have been implemented one after another,which plays an important role in improving the current situation of marine environment.With the deepening of marine development,the current situation of marine environment in the new era has become complex and diverse.How to make the relevant concepts and requirements of marine development to cope with and adapt to various new problems in the development process has become the key to promote the continuous improvement of marine development level.展开更多
With the rapid advancement of urban construction,urban subway construction in China has entered an advanced development stage and the thermal environment of subway stations has become a key factor affecting passengers...With the rapid advancement of urban construction,urban subway construction in China has entered an advanced development stage and the thermal environment of subway stations has become a key factor affecting passengers'thermal comfort.To further understand the actual situation of the thermal environment of subway stations,field measurement and CFD simulation were carried out on a subway station hall in Wuhan from July to August 2021,and the thermal environment changes and influencing factors during subway operation were compared and analyzed.The present situation of the thermal environment in subway stations was analyzed,and some suggestions and measures for improving the thermal environment were put forward.展开更多
Self health assessment is a simple indicator that is widely used for measuring an individual’s perception of his or her overall health. Many studies have been conducted by way of showing which particular aspects shou...Self health assessment is a simple indicator that is widely used for measuring an individual’s perception of his or her overall health. Many studies have been conducted by way of showing which particular aspects should be included in health self assessment, especially in developed world. In the developing world, however, very few studies have examined self health assessment. The aim of this study was to identify particular aspects and associations in self health assessment and differences between subgroups in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. The area sampling approach and Kish tables were used for selecting respondents. Total 500 respondents were surveyed by paper-based questionnaires. Spearman’s analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to show relations between variables. Sociodemographic status, such as age and gender, proved to be important in self health assessment. Other factors affecting self health assessment included the number of family members, daily life and lifestyles, social environment, community motivation, and utilization of health services. Women, the elderly, or people with less-than- normal access to information suffer from poor self-assessed health. People who are socially inactive and who have poor living conditions are less likely to use health care services and are likely to assess their health as “poor.” In order to reduce the poor self-assessed health status it is important to address disparities in socioeconomic factors, such as age, gender, employment, and residential area. In addition, more attention should be paid to community and health services, as well as to health promotion and empowerment activities, including income-generation activities. Further research is also needed, however, for better understanding of about the local people and their health-related issues.展开更多
The paper proposes a scalable fuzzy approach for mapping the status of the environment integrating several distinct models exploiting geo big data. The process is structured into two phases: the first one can exploit ...The paper proposes a scalable fuzzy approach for mapping the status of the environment integrating several distinct models exploiting geo big data. The process is structured into two phases: the first one can exploit products yielded by distinct models of remote sensing image interpretation defined in the scientific literature, and knowledge of domain experts, possibly ill-defined, for computing partial evidence of a phenomenon. The second phase integrates the partial evidence maps through a learning mechanism exploiting ground truth to compute a synthetic Environmental Status Indicator (ESI) map. The proposal resembles an ensemble approach with the difference that the aggregation is not necessarily consensual but can model a distinct decision attitude in between pessimistic and optimistic. It is scalable and can be implemented in a distributed processing framework, so as to make feasible ESI mapping in near real time to support land monitoring. It is exemplified to map the presence of standing water areas, indicator of water resources, agro-practices or natural hazard from remote sensing by considering different models.展开更多
Unlike developed countries,the process of ageing in the developing country is a major and serious concern where the health infrastructure,geriatric system and social security remain underdeveloped.This paper aims to a...Unlike developed countries,the process of ageing in the developing country is a major and serious concern where the health infrastructure,geriatric system and social security remain underdeveloped.This paper aims to assess the gaps in quality of life among the elderly by socio-economic and demographic characteristics and to know the issues and challenges in the selected developing countries where Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health(SAGE)namely China,India,Ghana,South Africa,Mexico,and Russia has been conducted.The overall score indicates that there is a little variation in the quality of life across the countries,ranging from 52.1(China)to 45.5(Ghana).However,there is considerable variation in the quality-of-life score by socio-economic characteristics.From the existing policy perspectives,different aspects of old age policies are varied across the selected countries.The rapid expan-sion of the private sector into these areas is unlikely to benefit the bulk of the elders.The countries like India,South Africa and Mexico,where the private sector plays a major role,lack health care support for the elderly.However,financial support sig-nificantly contributes to the quality of life in terms of policy intervention in those countries.Thus,the respective governments need to address urgently the areas like health care,financial and social security to achieve the healthy lives and wellbeing for all of the sustainable development goals by 2030.展开更多
文摘Chiba Prefecture is located in the east of Tokyo Metropolis. A large scale development of industrial and residential areas began in the late 1950s until then the main industries of the prefecture were agriculture and fisheries. During the past 30 years rapid industrialization and urbanization took place resulting in occurrence of various environmental problems.In an attempt to establish a better environment condition towards 21st century Chiba Prefecture has made Environmental Plan which all the municipal governments, enterprises and inhabitants should observe to realize better environment.
文摘Wetland plays an extremely important role in economy and ecological environment,and the construction of constructed wetland also has a certain impact on the environment.Via the evaluation on environmental status of constructed wetland,the main environmental problems are found out,and the impact of construction of constructed wetland project on local water environment and ecological environment is analyzed,and evaluation conclusion is obtained.
基金Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82173585 and 82273741)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(Nos.21KJB330005 and 22KJB330007)+1 种基金Nanjing Important Science&Technology Specific Projects(No.2021-11005)Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)
文摘Background Socioeconomic status(SES)inequity was recognized as a driver of some certain infectious diseases.However,few studies evaluated the association between SES and the burden of overall infections,and even fewer identified preventable mediators.This study aimed to assess the association between SES and overall infectious diseases burden,and the potential roles of factors including lifestyle,environmental pollution,chronic disease history.Methods We included 401,009 participants from the UK Biobank(UKB)and defined the infection status for each participant according to their diagnosis records.Latent class analysis(LCA)was used to define SES for each participant.We further defined healthy lifestyle score,environment pollution score(EPS)and four types of chronic comorbidities.We used multivariate logistic regression to test the associations between the four above covariates and infectious diseases.Then,we performed the mediation and interaction analysis to explain the relationships between SES and other variables on infectious diseases.Finally,we employed seven types of sensitivity analyses,including considering the Townsend deprivation index as an area level SES variable,repeating our main analysis for some individual or composite factors and in some subgroups,as well as in an external data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey,to verify the main results.Results In UKB,60,771(15.2%)participants were diagnosed with infectious diseases during follow-up.Lower SES[odds ratio(OR)=1.5570]were associated with higher risk of overall infections.Lifestyle score mediated 2.9%of effects from SES,which ranged from 2.9 to 4.0%in different infection subtypes,while cardiovascular disease(CVD)mediated a proportion of 6.2%with a range from 2.1 to 6.8%.In addition,SES showed significant negative interaction with lifestyle score(OR=0.8650)and a history of cancer(OR=0.9096),while a significant synergy interaction was observed between SES and EPS(OR=1.0024).In subgroup analysis,we found that males and African(AFR)with lower SES showed much higher infection risk.Results from sensitivity and validation analyses showed relative consistent with the main analysis.Conclusions Low SES is shown to be an important risk factor for infectious disease,part of which may be mediated by poor lifestyle and chronic comorbidities.Efforts to enhance health education and improve the quality of living environment may help reduce burden of infectious disease,especially for people with low SES.
文摘Assessment of the current status of Lake Baikal proved to be based on changes in natural (“preindustrial”) chemical content in basic abiotic and biological compartments of the Lake geosystem. This approach was used to evaluate background “base-line levels” of 6 major and about 50 minor and trace ele-ments in the Lake Baikal water body using a number of most reliable data re-ported within 1992-2012. In terms of environment geochemistry Baikal is one of the purest water reservoirs on the Earth. A simple mass balance model was proposed for assessing possible anthropogenic impact on Baikal water geo-chemistry. Estimations of change trends showed that only for Na+, SO42-, Cl- and Mo growth rate of their average concentrations in the Lake occurred to be 1%, 3%, 7% and 2% in every 10 years. Space-time monitoring schedules for all water body compartments of the Lake are proposed as well as similar moni-toring programs for tributaries, precipitations, bottom sediments, aquatic biota.
文摘In the new era,the development level of marine industry in Zhejiang province has been improved rapidly,and a series of marine development concepts and requirements have been implemented one after another,which plays an important role in improving the current situation of marine environment.With the deepening of marine development,the current situation of marine environment in the new era has become complex and diverse.How to make the relevant concepts and requirements of marine development to cope with and adapt to various new problems in the development process has become the key to promote the continuous improvement of marine development level.
文摘With the rapid advancement of urban construction,urban subway construction in China has entered an advanced development stage and the thermal environment of subway stations has become a key factor affecting passengers'thermal comfort.To further understand the actual situation of the thermal environment of subway stations,field measurement and CFD simulation were carried out on a subway station hall in Wuhan from July to August 2021,and the thermal environment changes and influencing factors during subway operation were compared and analyzed.The present situation of the thermal environment in subway stations was analyzed,and some suggestions and measures for improving the thermal environment were put forward.
文摘Self health assessment is a simple indicator that is widely used for measuring an individual’s perception of his or her overall health. Many studies have been conducted by way of showing which particular aspects should be included in health self assessment, especially in developed world. In the developing world, however, very few studies have examined self health assessment. The aim of this study was to identify particular aspects and associations in self health assessment and differences between subgroups in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. The area sampling approach and Kish tables were used for selecting respondents. Total 500 respondents were surveyed by paper-based questionnaires. Spearman’s analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to show relations between variables. Sociodemographic status, such as age and gender, proved to be important in self health assessment. Other factors affecting self health assessment included the number of family members, daily life and lifestyles, social environment, community motivation, and utilization of health services. Women, the elderly, or people with less-than- normal access to information suffer from poor self-assessed health. People who are socially inactive and who have poor living conditions are less likely to use health care services and are likely to assess their health as “poor.” In order to reduce the poor self-assessed health status it is important to address disparities in socioeconomic factors, such as age, gender, employment, and residential area. In addition, more attention should be paid to community and health services, as well as to health promotion and empowerment activities, including income-generation activities. Further research is also needed, however, for better understanding of about the local people and their health-related issues.
文摘The paper proposes a scalable fuzzy approach for mapping the status of the environment integrating several distinct models exploiting geo big data. The process is structured into two phases: the first one can exploit products yielded by distinct models of remote sensing image interpretation defined in the scientific literature, and knowledge of domain experts, possibly ill-defined, for computing partial evidence of a phenomenon. The second phase integrates the partial evidence maps through a learning mechanism exploiting ground truth to compute a synthetic Environmental Status Indicator (ESI) map. The proposal resembles an ensemble approach with the difference that the aggregation is not necessarily consensual but can model a distinct decision attitude in between pessimistic and optimistic. It is scalable and can be implemented in a distributed processing framework, so as to make feasible ESI mapping in near real time to support land monitoring. It is exemplified to map the presence of standing water areas, indicator of water resources, agro-practices or natural hazard from remote sensing by considering different models.
文摘Unlike developed countries,the process of ageing in the developing country is a major and serious concern where the health infrastructure,geriatric system and social security remain underdeveloped.This paper aims to assess the gaps in quality of life among the elderly by socio-economic and demographic characteristics and to know the issues and challenges in the selected developing countries where Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health(SAGE)namely China,India,Ghana,South Africa,Mexico,and Russia has been conducted.The overall score indicates that there is a little variation in the quality of life across the countries,ranging from 52.1(China)to 45.5(Ghana).However,there is considerable variation in the quality-of-life score by socio-economic characteristics.From the existing policy perspectives,different aspects of old age policies are varied across the selected countries.The rapid expan-sion of the private sector into these areas is unlikely to benefit the bulk of the elders.The countries like India,South Africa and Mexico,where the private sector plays a major role,lack health care support for the elderly.However,financial support sig-nificantly contributes to the quality of life in terms of policy intervention in those countries.Thus,the respective governments need to address urgently the areas like health care,financial and social security to achieve the healthy lives and wellbeing for all of the sustainable development goals by 2030.
