Accurate calculation of thermodynamic properties of electrolyte solution is essential in the design and optimization of many processes in chemical industries. A new electrolyte equation of state is developed for aqueo...Accurate calculation of thermodynamic properties of electrolyte solution is essential in the design and optimization of many processes in chemical industries. A new electrolyte equation of state is developed for aqueous electrolyte solutions. The Carnahan-Starling repulsive model and an attractive term based on square-well potential are adopted to represent the short range interaction of ionic and molecular species in the new electrolyte EOS. The long range interaction of ionic species is expressed by a simplified version of Mean Spherical Approximation theory （MSA）. The new equation of state also contains a Born term for charging free energy of ions. Three adjustable parameters of new eEOS per each electrolyte solution are size parameter, square-well potential depth and square-well potential interaction range. The new eEOS is applied for correlation of mean activity coefficient and prediction of osmotic coefficient of various strong aqueous electrolyte solutions at 25℃ and 0.1 MPa. In addition, the extension of the new eEOS for correlation of mean activity coefficient and solution density of a few aqueous electrolytes at temperature range of 0 to 100℃ is carried out.展开更多
The simple equation relating the activity coefficient of each solute in mixed electrolyte solution to its value in binary solutions under isopiestic equilibrium was tested by comparison with the experimental data for ...The simple equation relating the activity coefficient of each solute in mixed electrolyte solution to its value in binary solutions under isopiestic equilibrium was tested by comparison with the experimental data for the 18 electrolyte solutions consisting of 1：1, 1：2, and 1：3 electrolytes. The isopiestic measurements were made on the quaternary system BaCl2-NH4Br-NaI-H2O and its ternary subsystems NaI-NH4Br-H2O, NaI-BaCl2-H2O, and NH4Br-BaCl2-H2O at 298.15K. The results were used to test the applicability of the Zdanovskii＇s rule to the mixed electrolyte solutions which contain no common ions, and the agreement is excellent. The activity coefficients of the solutes in the above quaternary and ternary systems calculated from the above-mentioned simple equation are in good agreement with the Pitzer＇s equation.展开更多
A new expression for the osmotic and activity coefficients in single electrolyte solution is developed by reforming the Pitzer's osmotic equation.As a result,the correlations between the oMX,the sum of the"ha...A new expression for the osmotic and activity coefficients in single electrolyte solution is developed by reforming the Pitzer's osmotic equation.As a result,the correlations between the oMX,the sum of the"hard core"radii of ionsβ^(0)_(MX)andβ^(1)X_(MX),and the second virial coefficients/jjJx and'n Pitzer's equations are obtained.Furthermore,an"ionic overlap"model and its relevant equation are suggested.The relationships between the thermodynamic properties of aqueous electrolytes and the characteristic of their ions(ionic radii and ionic hydration)are discussed quantitatively.展开更多
采用电解质分子相互作用体积模型eMIVM(Electrolyte Molecular Interaction Volume Model)与它的能量项eMIVM-ET(Energy term of eMIVM)分别对含Cu^(2+)的20个单电解质溶液的活度系数进行拟合,并对含Cu^(2+)的5个两电解质溶液的所有组...采用电解质分子相互作用体积模型eMIVM(Electrolyte Molecular Interaction Volume Model)与它的能量项eMIVM-ET(Energy term of eMIVM)分别对含Cu^(2+)的20个单电解质溶液的活度系数进行拟合,并对含Cu^(2+)的5个两电解质溶液的所有组分活度系数进行预测。结果表明:两个模型对含Cu^(2+)单电解质溶液活度系数的拟合效果均较好,eMIVM模型预测的拟合平均偏差和平均相对误差分别为0.0598和6.4%,eMIVM-ET模型预测的分别为0.0163和3.0%;对含Cu^(2+)的两电解质溶液的所有组分活度系数预测时,eMIVM-ET模型的预测效果要比eMIVM模型的好,eMIVM-ET模型预测时的平均偏差和平均相对误差分别为0.0844和18.2%;在含Cu^(2+)电解质溶液的热力学计算中,与eMIVM模型相比,eMIVM-ET模型更适合作为一个可供选择的预测模型。展开更多
An equation of state for electrolyte aqueous solution is developed by treating the ion-ion electrostatic and ion-solvent molecule interactions with primitive MSA and perturbation theory, respectively. The effect of th...An equation of state for electrolyte aqueous solution is developed by treating the ion-ion electrostatic and ion-solvent molecule interactions with primitive MSA and perturbation theory, respectively. The effect of the dielectric constant on the ionic chemical potential and the calculation accuracy of ionic mean activity coefficients for 2∶1 and 1∶1 type halide aqueous solution are discussed.By taking ionic Pauling diameter as ionic hard sphere diameter for anions and treating the cation hard sphere diameter as ionic strength dependent, the equation can be used to calculate ionic activity coefficients in the moderate concentration range with good accuracy.展开更多
文摘Accurate calculation of thermodynamic properties of electrolyte solution is essential in the design and optimization of many processes in chemical industries. A new electrolyte equation of state is developed for aqueous electrolyte solutions. The Carnahan-Starling repulsive model and an attractive term based on square-well potential are adopted to represent the short range interaction of ionic and molecular species in the new electrolyte EOS. The long range interaction of ionic species is expressed by a simplified version of Mean Spherical Approximation theory （MSA）. The new equation of state also contains a Born term for charging free energy of ions. Three adjustable parameters of new eEOS per each electrolyte solution are size parameter, square-well potential depth and square-well potential interaction range. The new eEOS is applied for correlation of mean activity coefficient and prediction of osmotic coefficient of various strong aqueous electrolyte solutions at 25℃ and 0.1 MPa. In addition, the extension of the new eEOS for correlation of mean activity coefficient and solution density of a few aqueous electrolytes at temperature range of 0 to 100℃ is carried out.
基金the National-Natural Science Foundation of China （No.20476059, No.20276037） and 863 Hi-Technology Research and Development Program of China （2004 AA616040）.
文摘The simple equation relating the activity coefficient of each solute in mixed electrolyte solution to its value in binary solutions under isopiestic equilibrium was tested by comparison with the experimental data for the 18 electrolyte solutions consisting of 1：1, 1：2, and 1：3 electrolytes. The isopiestic measurements were made on the quaternary system BaCl2-NH4Br-NaI-H2O and its ternary subsystems NaI-NH4Br-H2O, NaI-BaCl2-H2O, and NH4Br-BaCl2-H2O at 298.15K. The results were used to test the applicability of the Zdanovskii＇s rule to the mixed electrolyte solutions which contain no common ions, and the agreement is excellent. The activity coefficients of the solutes in the above quaternary and ternary systems calculated from the above-mentioned simple equation are in good agreement with the Pitzer＇s equation.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.20476059, No.20276037) and 863 Hi-Technology Re-search and Development Program of China (2004 AA616040).
文摘A new expression for the osmotic and activity coefficients in single electrolyte solution is developed by reforming the Pitzer's osmotic equation.As a result,the correlations between the oMX,the sum of the"hard core"radii of ionsβ^(0)_(MX)andβ^(1)X_(MX),and the second virial coefficients/jjJx and'n Pitzer's equations are obtained.Furthermore,an"ionic overlap"model and its relevant equation are suggested.The relationships between the thermodynamic properties of aqueous electrolytes and the characteristic of their ions(ionic radii and ionic hydration)are discussed quantitatively.
文摘采用电解质分子相互作用体积模型eMIVM(Electrolyte Molecular Interaction Volume Model)与它的能量项eMIVM-ET(Energy term of eMIVM)分别对含Cu^(2+)的20个单电解质溶液的活度系数进行拟合,并对含Cu^(2+)的5个两电解质溶液的所有组分活度系数进行预测。结果表明:两个模型对含Cu^(2+)单电解质溶液活度系数的拟合效果均较好,eMIVM模型预测的拟合平均偏差和平均相对误差分别为0.0598和6.4%,eMIVM-ET模型预测的分别为0.0163和3.0%;对含Cu^(2+)的两电解质溶液的所有组分活度系数预测时,eMIVM-ET模型的预测效果要比eMIVM模型的好,eMIVM-ET模型预测时的平均偏差和平均相对误差分别为0.0844和18.2%;在含Cu^(2+)电解质溶液的热力学计算中,与eMIVM模型相比,eMIVM-ET模型更适合作为一个可供选择的预测模型。
文摘An equation of state for electrolyte aqueous solution is developed by treating the ion-ion electrostatic and ion-solvent molecule interactions with primitive MSA and perturbation theory, respectively. The effect of the dielectric constant on the ionic chemical potential and the calculation accuracy of ionic mean activity coefficients for 2∶1 and 1∶1 type halide aqueous solution are discussed.By taking ionic Pauling diameter as ionic hard sphere diameter for anions and treating the cation hard sphere diameter as ionic strength dependent, the equation can be used to calculate ionic activity coefficients in the moderate concentration range with good accuracy.
