Rabies is an infectious disease that almost always leads to death as soon as the first signs appear, and is still endemic in several regions, including Côte d’Ivoire. Epidemiological investigations are carried o...Rabies is an infectious disease that almost always leads to death as soon as the first signs appear, and is still endemic in several regions, including Côte d’Ivoire. Epidemiological investigations are carried out and response measures implemented in the event of any death from human rabies. However, the quality of these investigations does not always allow the adoption of response measures. The aim of this work was to evaluate the reports of epidemiological investigations and response actions carried out during the occurrence of human rabies deaths from 2016 to 2018. This was a cross-sectional study that took place from April to September 2021 at the National Institute of Public Hygiene and focused on human rabies deaths notified from 206 to 2018. Of sixty-one (61) human rabies deaths recorded, sixty (60) were investigated, among which fifty-nine (59) deaths had been subject to response. Most deaths occurred in rural areas (75%), and the main vector was the dog (98%). Several shortcomings were noted: response actions were not carried out promptly;joint interventions bringing together human and animal health professionals were rare, there was little communication about rabies to communities (36%), and very little vaccination of the vector, the source of the disease (12%);an almost total absence of capacity-building for local players (7%);the health districts of Abobo-Ouest, Bondoukou, Divo and Fresco, which had regularly recorded human rabies deaths, had not benefited from dog vaccination, which is supposed to break the circulation of the virus. The persistence of rabies deaths in the health districts could probably be linked to these shortcomings. Faced with these realities, it is essential to strengthen the epidemiological investigation capacities of the players involved, in order to improve the quality of investigations and ensure an effective response.展开更多
Rabies is an infectious disease that almost always leads to death as soon as the first signs appear, and is still endemic in several regions, including Côte d’Ivoire. Epidemiological investigations are carried o...Rabies is an infectious disease that almost always leads to death as soon as the first signs appear, and is still endemic in several regions, including Côte d’Ivoire. Epidemiological investigations are carried out and response measures implemented in the event of any death from human rabies. However, the quality of these investigations does not always allow the adoption of response measures. The aim of this work was to evaluate the reports of epidemiological investigations and response actions carried out during the occurrence of human rabies deaths from 2016 to 2018. This was a cross-sectional study that took place from April to September 2021 at the National Institute of Public Hygiene and focused on human rabies deaths notified from 206 to 2018. Of sixty-one (61) human rabies deaths recorded, sixty (60) were investigated, among which fifty-nine (59) deaths had been subject to response. Most deaths occurred in rural areas (75%), and the main vector was the dog (98%). Several shortcomings were noted: response actions were not carried out promptly;joint interventions bringing together human and animal health professionals were rare, there was little communication about rabies to communities (36%), and very little vaccination of the vector, the source of the disease (12%);an almost total absence of capacity-building for local players (7%);the health districts of Abobo-Ouest, Bondoukou, Divo and Fresco, which had regularly recorded human rabies deaths, had not benefited from dog vaccination, which is supposed to break the circulation of the virus. The persistence of rabies deaths in the health districts could probably be linked to these shortcomings. Faced with these realities, it is essential to strengthen the epidemiological investigation capacities of the players involved, in order to improve the quality of investigations and ensure an effective response.展开更多
Duck circovirus (DuCV),a potential immunosuppressive virus,was investigated in Southern China from March 2006 to December 2009 by using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based method.In this study,a total of 138 sick ...Duck circovirus (DuCV),a potential immunosuppressive virus,was investigated in Southern China from March 2006 to December 2009 by using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based method.In this study,a total of 138 sick or dead duck samples from 18 different farms were examined with an average DuCV infection rate of ～35%.It was found that ducks between the ages of 40～60 days were more susceptible to DuCV.There was no evidence showing that the DuCV virus was capable of vertical transmission.Farms with positive PCR results exhibited no regularly apparent clinical abnormalities such as feathering disorders,growth retardation or lower-than-average weight.The complete genomes of 9 strains from Fujian Province and 1 from Zhejiang Province were sequenced and analyzed.The 10 DuCV genomes,compared with others genomes downloaded from GenBank,ranged in size from 1988 to 1996 base pairs,with sequence identities ranging from 83.2% to 99.8%.Phylogenetic analysis based on genome sequences demonstrated that DuCVs can be divided into two distinct genetic genotypes,GroupⅠ(the Euro-USA lineage) and GroupⅡ(the Taiwan lineage),with approximately 10.0% genetic difference between the two types.Molecular epidemiological data suggest there is no obvious difference among DuCV strains isolated from different geographic locations or different species,including Duck,Muscovy duck,Mule duck,Cheery duck,Mulard duck and Pekin duck.展开更多
Objective: To study epidemiological characteristics of the military training injuries (MTI) during parachuting training of the air force and sea training of the navy. Methods:The subjects of this study were 1382, incl...Objective: To study epidemiological characteristics of the military training injuries (MTI) during parachuting training of the air force and sea training of the navy. Methods:The subjects of this study were 1382, including 971 navy soldiers (300 recruits and 671 soldiers) and 411 for force recruits. Navy: Each of injured soldiers was investigated by the trained battalion surgeon; Air force: When the parachuting training finished , two doctors in specific field screened and investigated them one by one. Results: The incidence of injury in for force recruits was 16.3% and in navy recruits was 18. 7%. The incidence of navy soldiers was 5.5%, which was significantly lower than that of navy recruits. There was a peak of incidence in the 2nd training month of navy recruits. The peak of incidence of navy soldiers was in 1st training month. The incidence of air force maintained at a high level except 2nd training month. The incidences of lower legs and ankles were higher than those of other sites in navy with percentage of 42.9% and 17.9% respectively. The incidences of ankles and lumbar region were higher than those of other sites in air force with percentage of 26.9% and 23.9% respectively. Incidence of acute traumatic injuries was highest during special course. Conclusion: The result showed the incidence of injury in sea and parachuting training varied. Different preventive measures should be adopted during special training.展开更多
[Objective] The paper was to understand the natural infection status of avian leukemia in some indigenous chicken breeds of China.[Method]Using ELISA assay and virus isolation method,epidemiological investigation of A...[Objective] The paper was to understand the natural infection status of avian leukemia in some indigenous chicken breeds of China.[Method]Using ELISA assay and virus isolation method,epidemiological investigation of ALV-AB and ALV-J avian leukemia of 10 indigenous chicken breeds were conducted.ALV dynamics were monitored in F_2 generation of four chicken lines.ALV pollution of attenuated live vaccines used in raising process was also inspected through sampling method.[Result] The positive rate of ALV-P27 antigen was 0-62.1%; the positive rate of ALV-AB antibody was 0-25.0%; the positive rate of ALV-J antibody was 0-59.0%; the positive rate of virus isolation was 0-22.0%.The positive rate of ALV-P27 antigen in 1-day-old chick meconium of four lines was 6.0%- 67.0%.The positive rate of virus isolation in 6-week-old chickens was 2.0%- 34.3%.Two kinds of vaccines from two batches produced by a manufacturer were polluted by ALV.[Conclusion] Most indigenous chickens were infected by ALV.There were great differences among different breeds of indigenous chicken,which might be related to ALV genetic resistance of different indigenous chickens.The ALV positive rates of F_2 chicks were slightly enhanced in some lines,which might be related to vaccine pollution.展开更多
Epidemiological investigation of chlamydia in yak and Tibetan sheep were conducted in Haiyan and Guinan counties,and samples were collected for laboratory detection,to understand the incidence range and damage degree ...Epidemiological investigation of chlamydia in yak and Tibetan sheep were conducted in Haiyan and Guinan counties,and samples were collected for laboratory detection,to understand the incidence range and damage degree of chlamydia in yak and Tibetan sheep in Qinghai Province. The result will provide technical support for preparation of scientific prevention and control measures against Chlamydia in Qinghai Province.展开更多
文摘Rabies is an infectious disease that almost always leads to death as soon as the first signs appear, and is still endemic in several regions, including Côte d’Ivoire. Epidemiological investigations are carried out and response measures implemented in the event of any death from human rabies. However, the quality of these investigations does not always allow the adoption of response measures. The aim of this work was to evaluate the reports of epidemiological investigations and response actions carried out during the occurrence of human rabies deaths from 2016 to 2018. This was a cross-sectional study that took place from April to September 2021 at the National Institute of Public Hygiene and focused on human rabies deaths notified from 206 to 2018. Of sixty-one (61) human rabies deaths recorded, sixty (60) were investigated, among which fifty-nine (59) deaths had been subject to response. Most deaths occurred in rural areas (75%), and the main vector was the dog (98%). Several shortcomings were noted: response actions were not carried out promptly;joint interventions bringing together human and animal health professionals were rare, there was little communication about rabies to communities (36%), and very little vaccination of the vector, the source of the disease (12%);an almost total absence of capacity-building for local players (7%);the health districts of Abobo-Ouest, Bondoukou, Divo and Fresco, which had regularly recorded human rabies deaths, had not benefited from dog vaccination, which is supposed to break the circulation of the virus. The persistence of rabies deaths in the health districts could probably be linked to these shortcomings. Faced with these realities, it is essential to strengthen the epidemiological investigation capacities of the players involved, in order to improve the quality of investigations and ensure an effective response.
文摘Rabies is an infectious disease that almost always leads to death as soon as the first signs appear, and is still endemic in several regions, including Côte d’Ivoire. Epidemiological investigations are carried out and response measures implemented in the event of any death from human rabies. However, the quality of these investigations does not always allow the adoption of response measures. The aim of this work was to evaluate the reports of epidemiological investigations and response actions carried out during the occurrence of human rabies deaths from 2016 to 2018. This was a cross-sectional study that took place from April to September 2021 at the National Institute of Public Hygiene and focused on human rabies deaths notified from 206 to 2018. Of sixty-one (61) human rabies deaths recorded, sixty (60) were investigated, among which fifty-nine (59) deaths had been subject to response. Most deaths occurred in rural areas (75%), and the main vector was the dog (98%). Several shortcomings were noted: response actions were not carried out promptly;joint interventions bringing together human and animal health professionals were rare, there was little communication about rabies to communities (36%), and very little vaccination of the vector, the source of the disease (12%);an almost total absence of capacity-building for local players (7%);the health districts of Abobo-Ouest, Bondoukou, Divo and Fresco, which had regularly recorded human rabies deaths, had not benefited from dog vaccination, which is supposed to break the circulation of the virus. The persistence of rabies deaths in the health districts could probably be linked to these shortcomings. Faced with these realities, it is essential to strengthen the epidemiological investigation capacities of the players involved, in order to improve the quality of investigations and ensure an effective response.
基金Modern Agri-industry Technology Research System(CARS-43)Science and Technology Innovation Fund of Fujian Academy of Agriculture Science(STIF-02)Science and Technology Innovation Foundation for Young Scientists of Fujian Academy of Agriculture Science(2008QB-6)
文摘Duck circovirus (DuCV),a potential immunosuppressive virus,was investigated in Southern China from March 2006 to December 2009 by using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based method.In this study,a total of 138 sick or dead duck samples from 18 different farms were examined with an average DuCV infection rate of ～35%.It was found that ducks between the ages of 40～60 days were more susceptible to DuCV.There was no evidence showing that the DuCV virus was capable of vertical transmission.Farms with positive PCR results exhibited no regularly apparent clinical abnormalities such as feathering disorders,growth retardation or lower-than-average weight.The complete genomes of 9 strains from Fujian Province and 1 from Zhejiang Province were sequenced and analyzed.The 10 DuCV genomes,compared with others genomes downloaded from GenBank,ranged in size from 1988 to 1996 base pairs,with sequence identities ranging from 83.2% to 99.8%.Phylogenetic analysis based on genome sequences demonstrated that DuCVs can be divided into two distinct genetic genotypes,GroupⅠ(the Euro-USA lineage) and GroupⅡ(the Taiwan lineage),with approximately 10.0% genetic difference between the two types.Molecular epidemiological data suggest there is no obvious difference among DuCV strains isolated from different geographic locations or different species,including Duck,Muscovy duck,Mule duck,Cheery duck,Mulard duck and Pekin duck.
文摘Objective: To study epidemiological characteristics of the military training injuries (MTI) during parachuting training of the air force and sea training of the navy. Methods:The subjects of this study were 1382, including 971 navy soldiers (300 recruits and 671 soldiers) and 411 for force recruits. Navy: Each of injured soldiers was investigated by the trained battalion surgeon; Air force: When the parachuting training finished , two doctors in specific field screened and investigated them one by one. Results: The incidence of injury in for force recruits was 16.3% and in navy recruits was 18. 7%. The incidence of navy soldiers was 5.5%, which was significantly lower than that of navy recruits. There was a peak of incidence in the 2nd training month of navy recruits. The peak of incidence of navy soldiers was in 1st training month. The incidence of air force maintained at a high level except 2nd training month. The incidences of lower legs and ankles were higher than those of other sites in navy with percentage of 42.9% and 17.9% respectively. The incidences of ankles and lumbar region were higher than those of other sites in air force with percentage of 26.9% and 23.9% respectively. Incidence of acute traumatic injuries was highest during special course. Conclusion: The result showed the incidence of injury in sea and parachuting training varied. Different preventive measures should be adopted during special training.
基金Supported by Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(201203055)Agricultural Three-new Engineering Project of Jiangsu Province(SXGC[2014]288)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(20151317)Science and Technology Project of Yangzhou City(YZ2014144)
文摘[Objective] The paper was to understand the natural infection status of avian leukemia in some indigenous chicken breeds of China.[Method]Using ELISA assay and virus isolation method,epidemiological investigation of ALV-AB and ALV-J avian leukemia of 10 indigenous chicken breeds were conducted.ALV dynamics were monitored in F_2 generation of four chicken lines.ALV pollution of attenuated live vaccines used in raising process was also inspected through sampling method.[Result] The positive rate of ALV-P27 antigen was 0-62.1%; the positive rate of ALV-AB antibody was 0-25.0%; the positive rate of ALV-J antibody was 0-59.0%; the positive rate of virus isolation was 0-22.0%.The positive rate of ALV-P27 antigen in 1-day-old chick meconium of four lines was 6.0%- 67.0%.The positive rate of virus isolation in 6-week-old chickens was 2.0%- 34.3%.Two kinds of vaccines from two batches produced by a manufacturer were polluted by ALV.[Conclusion] Most indigenous chickens were infected by ALV.There were great differences among different breeds of indigenous chicken,which might be related to ALV genetic resistance of different indigenous chickens.The ALV positive rates of F_2 chicks were slightly enhanced in some lines,which might be related to vaccine pollution.
文摘Epidemiological investigation of chlamydia in yak and Tibetan sheep were conducted in Haiyan and Guinan counties,and samples were collected for laboratory detection,to understand the incidence range and damage degree of chlamydia in yak and Tibetan sheep in Qinghai Province. The result will provide technical support for preparation of scientific prevention and control measures against Chlamydia in Qinghai Province.
