Agricultural projects in different parts of the world depend on underground water wells.Recently,there have been many unfortunate incidents inwhich children have died in abandoned undergroundwells.Providing topographi...Agricultural projects in different parts of the world depend on underground water wells.Recently,there have been many unfortunate incidents inwhich children have died in abandoned undergroundwells.Providing topographical information for these wells is a prerequisite to protecting people from the dangers of falling into them,especially since most of these wells become buried over time.Many solutions have been developed recently,most with the aimof exploring these well areas.However,these systems suffer fromseveral limitations,including high complexity,large size,or inefficiency.This paper focuses on the development of a smart exploration unit that is able to investigate underground well areas,build a 3D map,search for persons and animals,and determine the levels of oxygen and other gases.The exploration unit has been implemented and validated through several experiments using various experiment testbeds.The results proved the efficiency of the developed exploration unit,in terms of 3D modeling,searching,communication,and measuring the level of oxygen.The average accuracy of the 3D modeling function is approximately 95.5%.A benchmark has been presented for comparing our results with related works,and the comparison has proven the contributions and novelty of the proposed system’s results.展开更多
To understand how differentially methylated genes（DMGs）might affect the pathogenesis of Kashin-Beck disease（KBD）.Genome-wide methylation profiling of whole blood from 12matched KBD and controls pairs was performed...To understand how differentially methylated genes（DMGs）might affect the pathogenesis of Kashin-Beck disease（KBD）.Genome-wide methylation profiling of whole blood from 12matched KBD and controls pairs was performed using a high-resolution Infinium 450 K methylation array.In total,97 CpG sites were differentially展开更多
This paper describes a novel approach to explore a multidimensional design space and guide multi-actor decision making in the design of sustainable buildings.The aim is to provide proactive and holistic guidance of th...This paper describes a novel approach to explore a multidimensional design space and guide multi-actor decision making in the design of sustainable buildings.The aim is to provide proactive and holistic guidance of the design team.We propose to perform exhaustive Monte Carlo simulations in an iterative design approach that consists of tw o steps:1) preparation by the modeler,and 2) a multi-collaborator meeting.In the preparation phase,the simulation modeler performs Morris sensitivity analysis to fixate insignificant model inputs and to identify non-linearity and interaction effects.Next,a representation of the global design space is obtained from thousands of simulations using low-discrepancysequences(LPτ) for sampling.From these simulations,the modeler constructs fast metamodels and performs quantitative sensitivity analysis.During the meeting,the design team explores the global design space by filtering the thousands of simulations.Variable filter criteria are easily applied using an interactive parallel coordinate plot w hich provide immediate feedback on requirements and design choices.Sensitivity measures and metamodels show the combined effects of changing a single input and how to remedy unw anted output changes.The proposed methodology has been developed and tested through real building cases using a normative model to assess energy demand,thermal comfort,and daylight.展开更多
Parkinson＇s disease is a neurological disorder with distinct motor signs of resting tremor,akinesia and/or lead-pipe rigidity,together with non-motor symptoms of impaired smell,cognition and autonomic function.These ...Parkinson＇s disease is a neurological disorder with distinct motor signs of resting tremor,akinesia and/or lead-pipe rigidity,together with non-motor symptoms of impaired smell,cognition and autonomic function.These manifest after a major degeneration of neurones mainly within the brainstem,particularly among the dopaminergic neurones.展开更多
By the end of the century, the reform and development of China’s state-owned enterprises will create new prospects. The reform of state-owned foreign economic and trade enterprises should also see further breakthroug...By the end of the century, the reform and development of China’s state-owned enterprises will create new prospects. The reform of state-owned foreign economic and trade enterprises should also see further breakthroughs. At present, the following aspects are important: 1. Implement a Holdings System in the Reform of State-owned Foreign Economic and Trade Enterprises. The holdings system plays a major role in transferring the management mechanism of state-owned foreign economic and展开更多
The paper analyzes the environments confronted with academic libraries and the evolving characteristics of Shanghai Jiao Tong University that give shape to the conception and implementation of an IC2Culture Exploring ...The paper analyzes the environments confronted with academic libraries and the evolving characteristics of Shanghai Jiao Tong University that give shape to the conception and implementation of an IC2Culture Exploring Project. This innovative model of SJTU Library operation is not only in concert with the strategic goals of SJTU but also with two other conspicuous developmental trends in the larger academic library circle;namely, 1) a trend toward the deepening of library service support in academic arena on the one hand and 2) the trend of diversifying library outreach services on the other hand.Based on our first-hand involvement in all phases and aspects of this project and its subsequent review and analysis undertakings, this paper expatiates upon the IC2Culture Exploring Project of SJTU Library in terms of its vision, its specific mission objectives, its program design, its unique characteristics, its launching process, its salient case studies, its initial results and its strategies for a sustainable development in the future.展开更多
Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying human neurological disorders is hindered by both the complexity of the disorders and the lack of suitable experimental models recapitulating key pathologi...Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying human neurological disorders is hindered by both the complexity of the disorders and the lack of suitable experimental models recapitulating key pathological features of the disease.This is a crucial issue since a limited understanding of pathogenic mechanisms precludes the development of drugs counteracting the progression of the disease.Among neurological disorders,展开更多
Eating Ghost Street This street is home to more than 150 storefronts,over 100 of which offer a va- riety of different foods.In all of Beijing this may be the only street that has such a large number of restaurants.As ...Eating Ghost Street This street is home to more than 150 storefronts,over 100 of which offer a va- riety of different foods.In all of Beijing this may be the only street that has such a large number of restaurants.As for how it got the name"Ghost Street",two stories have become the most popular.Some people think the name originated from展开更多
The world is facing daunting challenges these days from a host of factors, sparking debate on whether clash or dialogue, confrontation or cooperation among civilizations will prevail-a question of the times that could...The world is facing daunting challenges these days from a host of factors, sparking debate on whether clash or dialogue, confrontation or cooperation among civilizations will prevail-a question of the times that could determine the future of mankind.展开更多
The Shanghai-based Phoenix Bicycle Corporation, Ltd., a worldlevel bicycle manufacturer and seller, produces annually five million Phoenix and Feida bicycles, including one 5th for export, earning US$40 million throug...The Shanghai-based Phoenix Bicycle Corporation, Ltd., a worldlevel bicycle manufacturer and seller, produces annually five million Phoenix and Feida bicycles, including one 5th for export, earning US$40 million through export.展开更多
The China National Machinery Import and Export Corporation (CMC), founded in 1950, is a large state-owned foreign trade enterprise subordinated to the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation (MOFTEC). The c...The China National Machinery Import and Export Corporation (CMC), founded in 1950, is a large state-owned foreign trade enterprise subordinated to the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation (MOFTEC). The corporation focuses on the import and export of mechanical and electrical products. It has maintained an annual trade volume of more than US$ 2 billion for many years and ranks among the top 10 foreign trade companies in the country.展开更多
The objective of the study was to explore the constraints and opportunities for small-holder sorghum farmers in dry regions.Two hundred and fifty farmers were sampled by using the simple random and snowball sampling t...The objective of the study was to explore the constraints and opportunities for small-holder sorghum farmers in dry regions.Two hundred and fifty farmers were sampled by using the simple random and snowball sampling to provide the information that answered the research questions.Questionnaire and interviews were used as the research instruments.Out of 250 participants,80%were males and 20%were females showing that more males were selected for the research.Data was coded and processed using excel.Descriptive statistics were used to describe results.Of all the participants,4%were in the age range of 25-30 years,10%in the age range of 31-35 years,14%in the age range of 36-40 years,16%in the age range of 41-45 years and 56%in the age range of 46 years and above.Out of all the participants,20%attained primary education while 68%had attained secondary education.Only 12%had tertiary education.Results indicated availability of resources(60%)such as certified seed,fertilizers,herbicides and draught power as the major constraint in the production of sorghum.Lack of technical knowhow(20%)of sorghum production,poor farming methods(9.6%)such as mono-cropping,Striga weed(12%),outbreak of fall armyworm(14.4%)and marketing of produce(8%)were also amongst the major constraints indicated by most participants.66%of the 250 participants showed that they produce sorghum due to its drought tolerant nature.Beer brewing was just slightly above half(52%)whilst making mealie meal was slightly below half(48%).Lack of knowledge,resources and poor markets hindered sorghum production in dry regions.Farmers were using retained seeds which are populated and affected by diseases and this contributed to low yields.Opportunities such as reducing poverty,food insecurity and income generation drives some farmers to venture into sorghum production.展开更多
To meet the demands posed by the socialist market economy, to foster the close integration of science & technology with the national economy and thus to promote the development of the forces of production are targ...To meet the demands posed by the socialist market economy, to foster the close integration of science & technology with the national economy and thus to promote the development of the forces of production are targets pursued by the current drive of restructuring China’s existing S&T system.For this,the CAS Shenyang Branch has conducted rewarding exploration by diversifying various approaches when moving into the market.As a result,it is not only boosting its own development,but also increasing the strength of the local economy.展开更多
To safeguard our territorial waters and oceanic resources, we need a sufficient and thoroughgoing understanding, as well as an accurate or fairly accurate grasp of the real situation in the aspects of landform geology...To safeguard our territorial waters and oceanic resources, we need a sufficient and thoroughgoing understanding, as well as an accurate or fairly accurate grasp of the real situation in the aspects of landform geology and mineral resources beneath the surface of our territorial waters, particularly in the East China Sea, so as to produce a complete set of data and cartographic albums allowing us to correctly assess environmental pollution and its calamitous aftermath on the sea. So far we are still in need of a high-resolution chart depicting the sea floor and related literature for the evaluation of off-shore re-sources. Therefore, an in-depth research project on these two aspects has to be placed as early as possible on the working agenda of展开更多
CHINA-AFRICA relations have been a hot topic in international relations since the beginning of the 21st century. Some observ- ers believe that China is playing a positive role in African develop- ment, while others co...CHINA-AFRICA relations have been a hot topic in international relations since the beginning of the 21st century. Some observ- ers believe that China is playing a positive role in African develop- ment, while others complain that China is scrambling to monopo- lize African resources. Li Anshan＇s A History of Overseas Chinese in Africa to 1911 answers some ques- tions about Chinas current role in Africa by providing historical con- text for today＇s issues, and giving readers an in -depth picture of his- toric China-Africa connections.展开更多
In the lexicon of art, you have been given many names. As soon as you enter the sanctified space of the museum, you are known as the voyeuristic viewer,
Scholarships [for Africans studying in China] are either fully funded, by the Chinese Government or are joint scholarships that are paid for by African governments and China, with each contributing 62 percent and 3,4,...Scholarships [for Africans studying in China] are either fully funded, by the Chinese Government or are joint scholarships that are paid for by African governments and China, with each contributing 62 percent and 3,4,percent, respectively.展开更多
Global climate change has been found to substantially influence the phenology of rangeland,especially on the Tibetan Plateau. However, there is considerable controversy about the trends and causes of rangeland phenolo...Global climate change has been found to substantially influence the phenology of rangeland,especially on the Tibetan Plateau. However, there is considerable controversy about the trends and causes of rangeland phenology owing to different phenological exploration methods and lack of ground validation. Little is known about the uncertainty in the exploration accuracy of vegetation phenology.Therefore, in this study, we selected a typical alpine rangeland near Damxung national meteorological station as a case study on central Tibetan Plateau, and identified several important sources influencing phenology to better understand their effects on phenological exploration. We found man-made land use was not easily distinguished from natural rangelands, and therefore this may confound phenological response to climate change in the rangeland. Change trends of phenology explored by four methods were similar, but ratio threshold method(RTM) was more suitable for exploring vegetation phenology in terms of the beginning of growing season(BGS) and end of growing season(EGS). However, some adjustments are needed when RTM is used in extreme drought years. MODIS NDVI/EVI dataset was most suitable for exploring vegetation phenology of BGS and EGS. The discrimination capacities of vegetation phenology declined with decreasing resolution of remote sensing images from MODIS to GIMMS AVHRR datasets. Additionally, distinct trends of phenological change rates were indicated in different terrain conditions, with advance of growing season in high altitudes but delay of season in lower altitudes. Therefore, it was necessary to eliminate interference of complex terrain and man-made land use to ensure the representativeness of natural vegetation. Moreover, selecting the appropriate method to explore rangelands and fully considering the impact of topography are important to accurately analyze the effects of climate change on vegetation phenology.展开更多
基金financially supported by the Deanship of Scientific Research(DSR)at the University of Tabuk,Tabuk,Saudi Arabia,under Grant No.[1441-105].
文摘Agricultural projects in different parts of the world depend on underground water wells.Recently,there have been many unfortunate incidents inwhich children have died in abandoned undergroundwells.Providing topographical information for these wells is a prerequisite to protecting people from the dangers of falling into them,especially since most of these wells become buried over time.Many solutions have been developed recently,most with the aimof exploring these well areas.However,these systems suffer fromseveral limitations,including high complexity,large size,or inefficiency.This paper focuses on the development of a smart exploration unit that is able to investigate underground well areas,build a 3D map,search for persons and animals,and determine the levels of oxygen and other gases.The exploration unit has been implemented and validated through several experiments using various experiment testbeds.The results proved the efficiency of the developed exploration unit,in terms of 3D modeling,searching,communication,and measuring the level of oxygen.The average accuracy of the 3D modeling function is approximately 95.5%.A benchmark has been presented for comparing our results with related works,and the comparison has proven the contributions and novelty of the proposed system’s results.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81273007)
文摘To understand how differentially methylated genes（DMGs）might affect the pathogenesis of Kashin-Beck disease（KBD）.Genome-wide methylation profiling of whole blood from 12matched KBD and controls pairs was performed using a high-resolution Infinium 450 K methylation array.In total,97 CpG sites were differentially
文摘This paper describes a novel approach to explore a multidimensional design space and guide multi-actor decision making in the design of sustainable buildings.The aim is to provide proactive and holistic guidance of the design team.We propose to perform exhaustive Monte Carlo simulations in an iterative design approach that consists of tw o steps:1) preparation by the modeler,and 2) a multi-collaborator meeting.In the preparation phase,the simulation modeler performs Morris sensitivity analysis to fixate insignificant model inputs and to identify non-linearity and interaction effects.Next,a representation of the global design space is obtained from thousands of simulations using low-discrepancysequences(LPτ) for sampling.From these simulations,the modeler constructs fast metamodels and performs quantitative sensitivity analysis.During the meeting,the design team explores the global design space by filtering the thousands of simulations.Variable filter criteria are easily applied using an interactive parallel coordinate plot w hich provide immediate feedback on requirements and design choices.Sensitivity measures and metamodels show the combined effects of changing a single input and how to remedy unw anted output changes.The proposed methodology has been developed and tested through real building cases using a normative model to assess energy demand,thermal comfort,and daylight.
文摘Parkinson＇s disease is a neurological disorder with distinct motor signs of resting tremor,akinesia and/or lead-pipe rigidity,together with non-motor symptoms of impaired smell,cognition and autonomic function.These manifest after a major degeneration of neurones mainly within the brainstem,particularly among the dopaminergic neurones.
文摘By the end of the century, the reform and development of China’s state-owned enterprises will create new prospects. The reform of state-owned foreign economic and trade enterprises should also see further breakthroughs. At present, the following aspects are important: 1. Implement a Holdings System in the Reform of State-owned Foreign Economic and Trade Enterprises. The holdings system plays a major role in transferring the management mechanism of state-owned foreign economic and
文摘The paper analyzes the environments confronted with academic libraries and the evolving characteristics of Shanghai Jiao Tong University that give shape to the conception and implementation of an IC2Culture Exploring Project. This innovative model of SJTU Library operation is not only in concert with the strategic goals of SJTU but also with two other conspicuous developmental trends in the larger academic library circle;namely, 1) a trend toward the deepening of library service support in academic arena on the one hand and 2) the trend of diversifying library outreach services on the other hand.Based on our first-hand involvement in all phases and aspects of this project and its subsequent review and analysis undertakings, this paper expatiates upon the IC2Culture Exploring Project of SJTU Library in terms of its vision, its specific mission objectives, its program design, its unique characteristics, its launching process, its salient case studies, its initial results and its strategies for a sustainable development in the future.
文摘Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying human neurological disorders is hindered by both the complexity of the disorders and the lack of suitable experimental models recapitulating key pathological features of the disease.This is a crucial issue since a limited understanding of pathogenic mechanisms precludes the development of drugs counteracting the progression of the disease.Among neurological disorders,
文摘Eating Ghost Street This street is home to more than 150 storefronts,over 100 of which offer a va- riety of different foods.In all of Beijing this may be the only street that has such a large number of restaurants.As for how it got the name"Ghost Street",two stories have become the most popular.Some people think the name originated from
文摘The world is facing daunting challenges these days from a host of factors, sparking debate on whether clash or dialogue, confrontation or cooperation among civilizations will prevail-a question of the times that could determine the future of mankind.
文摘The Shanghai-based Phoenix Bicycle Corporation, Ltd., a worldlevel bicycle manufacturer and seller, produces annually five million Phoenix and Feida bicycles, including one 5th for export, earning US$40 million through export.
文摘The China National Machinery Import and Export Corporation (CMC), founded in 1950, is a large state-owned foreign trade enterprise subordinated to the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation (MOFTEC). The corporation focuses on the import and export of mechanical and electrical products. It has maintained an annual trade volume of more than US$ 2 billion for many years and ranks among the top 10 foreign trade companies in the country.
文摘The objective of the study was to explore the constraints and opportunities for small-holder sorghum farmers in dry regions.Two hundred and fifty farmers were sampled by using the simple random and snowball sampling to provide the information that answered the research questions.Questionnaire and interviews were used as the research instruments.Out of 250 participants,80%were males and 20%were females showing that more males were selected for the research.Data was coded and processed using excel.Descriptive statistics were used to describe results.Of all the participants,4%were in the age range of 25-30 years,10%in the age range of 31-35 years,14%in the age range of 36-40 years,16%in the age range of 41-45 years and 56%in the age range of 46 years and above.Out of all the participants,20%attained primary education while 68%had attained secondary education.Only 12%had tertiary education.Results indicated availability of resources(60%)such as certified seed,fertilizers,herbicides and draught power as the major constraint in the production of sorghum.Lack of technical knowhow(20%)of sorghum production,poor farming methods(9.6%)such as mono-cropping,Striga weed(12%),outbreak of fall armyworm(14.4%)and marketing of produce(8%)were also amongst the major constraints indicated by most participants.66%of the 250 participants showed that they produce sorghum due to its drought tolerant nature.Beer brewing was just slightly above half(52%)whilst making mealie meal was slightly below half(48%).Lack of knowledge,resources and poor markets hindered sorghum production in dry regions.Farmers were using retained seeds which are populated and affected by diseases and this contributed to low yields.Opportunities such as reducing poverty,food insecurity and income generation drives some farmers to venture into sorghum production.
文摘To meet the demands posed by the socialist market economy, to foster the close integration of science & technology with the national economy and thus to promote the development of the forces of production are targets pursued by the current drive of restructuring China’s existing S&T system.For this,the CAS Shenyang Branch has conducted rewarding exploration by diversifying various approaches when moving into the market.As a result,it is not only boosting its own development,but also increasing the strength of the local economy.
文摘To safeguard our territorial waters and oceanic resources, we need a sufficient and thoroughgoing understanding, as well as an accurate or fairly accurate grasp of the real situation in the aspects of landform geology and mineral resources beneath the surface of our territorial waters, particularly in the East China Sea, so as to produce a complete set of data and cartographic albums allowing us to correctly assess environmental pollution and its calamitous aftermath on the sea. So far we are still in need of a high-resolution chart depicting the sea floor and related literature for the evaluation of off-shore re-sources. Therefore, an in-depth research project on these two aspects has to be placed as early as possible on the working agenda of
文摘CHINA-AFRICA relations have been a hot topic in international relations since the beginning of the 21st century. Some observ- ers believe that China is playing a positive role in African develop- ment, while others complain that China is scrambling to monopo- lize African resources. Li Anshan＇s A History of Overseas Chinese in Africa to 1911 answers some ques- tions about Chinas current role in Africa by providing historical con- text for today＇s issues, and giving readers an in -depth picture of his- toric China-Africa connections.
文摘In the lexicon of art, you have been given many names. As soon as you enter the sanctified space of the museum, you are known as the voyeuristic viewer,
文摘Scholarships [for Africans studying in China] are either fully funded, by the Chinese Government or are joint scholarships that are paid for by African governments and China, with each contributing 62 percent and 3,4,percent, respectively.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41271067)National key research and development program (2016YFC0502001)
文摘Global climate change has been found to substantially influence the phenology of rangeland,especially on the Tibetan Plateau. However, there is considerable controversy about the trends and causes of rangeland phenology owing to different phenological exploration methods and lack of ground validation. Little is known about the uncertainty in the exploration accuracy of vegetation phenology.Therefore, in this study, we selected a typical alpine rangeland near Damxung national meteorological station as a case study on central Tibetan Plateau, and identified several important sources influencing phenology to better understand their effects on phenological exploration. We found man-made land use was not easily distinguished from natural rangelands, and therefore this may confound phenological response to climate change in the rangeland. Change trends of phenology explored by four methods were similar, but ratio threshold method(RTM) was more suitable for exploring vegetation phenology in terms of the beginning of growing season(BGS) and end of growing season(EGS). However, some adjustments are needed when RTM is used in extreme drought years. MODIS NDVI/EVI dataset was most suitable for exploring vegetation phenology of BGS and EGS. The discrimination capacities of vegetation phenology declined with decreasing resolution of remote sensing images from MODIS to GIMMS AVHRR datasets. Additionally, distinct trends of phenological change rates were indicated in different terrain conditions, with advance of growing season in high altitudes but delay of season in lower altitudes. Therefore, it was necessary to eliminate interference of complex terrain and man-made land use to ensure the representativeness of natural vegetation. Moreover, selecting the appropriate method to explore rangelands and fully considering the impact of topography are important to accurately analyze the effects of climate change on vegetation phenology.
