Uplift response of symmetrical anchor plates with and without grid fixed reinforced （GFR） reinforcement was evaluated in model tests and numerical simulations by Plaxis. Many variations of reinforcement layers were ...Uplift response of symmetrical anchor plates with and without grid fixed reinforced （GFR） reinforcement was evaluated in model tests and numerical simulations by Plaxis. Many variations of reinforcement layers were used to reinforce the sandy soil over symmetrical anchor plates. In the current research, different factors such as relative density of sand, embedment ratios, and various GFR parameters including size, number of layers, and the proximity of the layer to the symmetrical anchor plate were investigated in a scale model. The failure mechanism and the associated rupture surface were observed and evaluated. GFR, a tied up system made of fiber reinforcement polymer （FRP） strips and end balls, was connected to the geosynthetic material and anchored into the soil. Test results showed that using GFR reinforcement significantly improved the uplift capacity of anchor plates. It was found that the inclusion of one layer of GFR, which rested directly on the top of the anchor plate, was more effective in enhancing the anchor capacity itself than other methods. It was found that by including GFR the uplift response was improved by 29%. Multi layers of GFR proved more effective in enhancing the uplift capacity than a single GFR reinforcement. This is due to the additional anchorage provided by the GFR at each level of reinforcement. In general, the results show that the uplift capacity of symmetrical anchor plates in loose and dense sand can be significantly increased by the inclusion of GFR. It was also observed that the inclusion of GFR reduced the requirement for a large L/D ratio to achieve the required uplift capacity. The laboratory and numerical analysis results are found to be in agreement in terms of breakout factor and failure mechanism pattern.展开更多
Phase change in ice-water systems in the geometry of horizontal cylindrical annulus with constant inner wall temperature and adiabatic outer wall is modeled with an enthalpy-based mixture model.Solidification and melt...Phase change in ice-water systems in the geometry of horizontal cylindrical annulus with constant inner wall temperature and adiabatic outer wall is modeled with an enthalpy-based mixture model.Solidification and melting phenomena under different temperature conditions are analyzed through a sequence of numerical calculations.In the case of freezing of water,the importance of convection and conduction as well as the influence of cold pipe temperature on time for the complete solidification are examined.As for the case of melting of ice,the influence of the inner pipe wall temperature on the shape of the ice-water interface,the flow and temperature fields in the liquid,the heat transfer coefficients and the rate of melting are analyzed.The results of numerical calculations point to good qualitative agreement with the available experimental and other numerical results.展开更多
基金supported by the research Grant at UTM,Malaysia(GUP Grant)the project name is"uplift response of symmetrical anchor plates in grid fixed reinforced in cohesionless soil"
文摘Uplift response of symmetrical anchor plates with and without grid fixed reinforced （GFR） reinforcement was evaluated in model tests and numerical simulations by Plaxis. Many variations of reinforcement layers were used to reinforce the sandy soil over symmetrical anchor plates. In the current research, different factors such as relative density of sand, embedment ratios, and various GFR parameters including size, number of layers, and the proximity of the layer to the symmetrical anchor plate were investigated in a scale model. The failure mechanism and the associated rupture surface were observed and evaluated. GFR, a tied up system made of fiber reinforcement polymer （FRP） strips and end balls, was connected to the geosynthetic material and anchored into the soil. Test results showed that using GFR reinforcement significantly improved the uplift capacity of anchor plates. It was found that the inclusion of one layer of GFR, which rested directly on the top of the anchor plate, was more effective in enhancing the anchor capacity itself than other methods. It was found that by including GFR the uplift response was improved by 29%. Multi layers of GFR proved more effective in enhancing the uplift capacity than a single GFR reinforcement. This is due to the additional anchorage provided by the GFR at each level of reinforcement. In general, the results show that the uplift capacity of symmetrical anchor plates in loose and dense sand can be significantly increased by the inclusion of GFR. It was also observed that the inclusion of GFR reduced the requirement for a large L/D ratio to achieve the required uplift capacity. The laboratory and numerical analysis results are found to be in agreement in terms of breakout factor and failure mechanism pattern.
文摘Phase change in ice-water systems in the geometry of horizontal cylindrical annulus with constant inner wall temperature and adiabatic outer wall is modeled with an enthalpy-based mixture model.Solidification and melting phenomena under different temperature conditions are analyzed through a sequence of numerical calculations.In the case of freezing of water,the importance of convection and conduction as well as the influence of cold pipe temperature on time for the complete solidification are examined.As for the case of melting of ice,the influence of the inner pipe wall temperature on the shape of the ice-water interface,the flow and temperature fields in the liquid,the heat transfer coefficients and the rate of melting are analyzed.The results of numerical calculations point to good qualitative agreement with the available experimental and other numerical results.
