An innovative idea of extracting kinetic energy from man-made wind resources using ducted turbine system for on-site power generation is introduced in this paper. A horizontal axis ducted turbine is attached to the to...An innovative idea of extracting kinetic energy from man-made wind resources using ducted turbine system for on-site power generation is introduced in this paper. A horizontal axis ducted turbine is attached to the top of the chimney to harness the kinetic energy of flue gases for producing electricity. The turbine system is positioned beyond the chimney outlet, to avoid any negative impact on the chimney performance. The convergentdivergent duct causes increase in the flue gas velocity and hence enhances the performance of the turbine. It also acts as a safety cover to the energy recovery system. The results from the CFD based simulation analysis indicate that sig- nificant power 34 kW can be harnessed from the chimney exhaust. The effect of airfoils NACA4412 and NACA4416 and the diffuser angle on the power extraction by the energy recovery system using a 6-bladed ducted turbine has been studied with the CFD simulation. It is observed that the average flue gas velocity in the duct section at the throat is approximately twice that of the inlet velocity, whereas maximum velocity achieved is 2.6 times the inlet velocity. The simulated results show that about power may be extracted from the chimney flue gases of 660 MW power plant. The system can be retrofitted to existing chimneys of thermal power plants, refineries and other industries.展开更多
To study the abilities of Chlorella sorokiniana CS-01 on using CO2 from flue gases to produce biodiesel,the microaglae was cultured with different simulated flue gases containing 5%-15%(volume fraction) of CO2.The res...To study the abilities of Chlorella sorokiniana CS-01 on using CO2 from flue gases to produce biodiesel,the microaglae was cultured with different simulated flue gases containing 5%-15%(volume fraction) of CO2.The results show that strain CS-01 could grow at 15% CO2 and grow well under CO2 contents ranging from 5%-10%.The maximal biomass productivity and lipid productivity were obtained when aerating with 10% of CO2.The lipids content ranged from 28% to 43% of dry mass of biomass.The main fatty acid compositions of strain CS-01 were C14-C18(>72%) short-chain FAMEs(known as biodiesel feedstocks).Meanwhile,the biodiesel productivity was over 60%,suggesting that Chlorella sorokiniana CS-01 has a great potential for CO2 mitigation and biodiesel production.Furthermore,differential expression of three genes related to CO2 fixation and fatty acid synthesis were studied to further describe the effect of simulated flue gases on the growth and lipid accumulation of strain CS-01 at molecular level.展开更多
A new process called＇NOx reduction by coupling combustion with recycling flue gas（RCCRF）＇was proposed to decrease NOx emission during the iron ore sintering process.The simulation test of NOx reduction was perform...A new process called＇NOx reduction by coupling combustion with recycling flue gas（RCCRF）＇was proposed to decrease NOx emission during the iron ore sintering process.The simulation test of NOx reduction was performed over sintered ore and in the process of coke combustion.Experimentally,NOx reduction was also carried out by sintering pot test.For sintered ore,the amount of NOx emission is reduced by 15wt%-25wt% at 400-550oC using 2.0vol% H2 or 2.0vol% CO,or reduced by 10wt%-30wt% at 560-720oC using 0.15vol% NH3.NOx reduction is around 10wt% by coupling combustion of pyrolysis gas and coke,or around 16wt% by recycling flue gas into coke combustion.By RCCRF,the maximum NOx reduction ratio is about 23wt% in coke combustion experiment and over 40wt% in sintering pot test.展开更多
This paper describes the structure of the system for separating sulfur from flue gas and dust. In the paper, the velocities of turbulent flow and laminar flow inside the tower, the total of liquid membrance, and the a...This paper describes the structure of the system for separating sulfur from flue gas and dust. In the paper, the velocities of turbulent flow and laminar flow inside the tower, the total of liquid membrance, and the additional flow of rotation fogged fluid are calculated, and the separation of rotation air-solid affected by tower is analyzed. The velocity distribution in quasi free vortex area is obtained from experiment. The minimum separated particle diameter is computed. The paper also studies the chemical reactions of flue gas containing sulfide with the dynamic fogged sulfur separating agent and discusses the main factors related to the effect of separating sulfur and dust. At last, the applications of separating sulfur in industrial stove and collecting dust in environmental engineering are introduced.展开更多
The paper shows a method of designing a heat exchanger recovering heat from the condensation of water vapour contained in flue gases. A heat exchanger condenses water vapour and SO2 （sulphur dioxide） in the presence...The paper shows a method of designing a heat exchanger recovering heat from the condensation of water vapour contained in flue gases. A heat exchanger condenses water vapour and SO2 （sulphur dioxide） in the presence of inert gases （CO2, CO, N2, O2） contained in flue gases. A mathematical model and a sample design of a heat exchanger were presented. The heat exchange is capable of recovering from a dozen or so to several dozen percent of heat from flue gases escaping into the atmosphere. A second advantage of the heat exchanger is the possibility to reduce the emissions of SO2 considerably. Depending on the parameters, it can be even a sevenfold reduction in the emissions. The main mathematical tool used for designing the condensing heat exchanger is the Colburn-Hougen method. The authors omitted that part of the method which requires iterative calculations. The Mollier diagram was used instead.展开更多
Elemental mercury capture on heat-treated activated carbon （TAC） was studied using a laboratory-scale fixed bed reactor. The capability of TAC to perform Hg0 capture under both N2 and baseline gas atmospheres was st...Elemental mercury capture on heat-treated activated carbon （TAC） was studied using a laboratory-scale fixed bed reactor. The capability of TAC to perform Hg0 capture under both N2 and baseline gas atmospheres was studied and the effects of common acid gas constituents were evaluated individually to avoid complications resulting from the coexistence of multiple components. The results suggest that surface functional groups （SFGs） on activated carbon （AC） are vital to Hg0 capture in the absence of acid gases. Meanwhile, the presence of acid gas components coupled with defective graphitic lattices on TAC plays an important role in effective Hg0 capture. The presence of HC1, NO2, and NO individually in basic gases markedly enhances Hg0 capture on TAC due to the heterogeneous oxidation of Hg0 on acidic sites created on the carbon surface and catalysis by the defective graphitic lattices on TAC. Similarly, the presence of SO2 improves Hg0 capture by about 20%. This improvement likely results from the deposition of sulfur groups on the AC surface and oxidation of the elemental mercury by SO2 due to catalysis on the carbon surface. Furthermore, O2 exhibits a synergistic effect on Hg0 oxidation and capture when acid gases are present in the flue gases.展开更多
SO2 monitoring in the flue gas of a coal burning boiler is important for environmental protection. The non- linearity of practical condition causes deviation from theoretical law. On the basis of the Lambert-Beer Law,...SO2 monitoring in the flue gas of a coal burning boiler is important for environmental protection. The non- linearity of practical condition causes deviation from theoretical law. On the basis of the Lambert-Beer Law, a new four-step calibrntion method is introduced. This method includes cross section interpola- tion, weighting spectral region combination, acquiring the spectrum with new calibration devices, and least-square fitting. Compared with conventional methods, this new method is low cost, convenient, and accurate. In the proof test, SO2 samples with different concentrations are measured. The average errors are less than 1.5%, while the maximum deviation is less than 4.5%.展开更多
文摘An innovative idea of extracting kinetic energy from man-made wind resources using ducted turbine system for on-site power generation is introduced in this paper. A horizontal axis ducted turbine is attached to the top of the chimney to harness the kinetic energy of flue gases for producing electricity. The turbine system is positioned beyond the chimney outlet, to avoid any negative impact on the chimney performance. The convergentdivergent duct causes increase in the flue gas velocity and hence enhances the performance of the turbine. It also acts as a safety cover to the energy recovery system. The results from the CFD based simulation analysis indicate that sig- nificant power 34 kW can be harnessed from the chimney exhaust. The effect of airfoils NACA4412 and NACA4416 and the diffuser angle on the power extraction by the energy recovery system using a 6-bladed ducted turbine has been studied with the CFD simulation. It is observed that the average flue gas velocity in the duct section at the throat is approximately twice that of the inlet velocity, whereas maximum velocity achieved is 2.6 times the inlet velocity. The simulated results show that about power may be extracted from the chimney flue gases of 660 MW power plant. The system can be retrofitted to existing chimneys of thermal power plants, refineries and other industries.
基金Project(50621063) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Group of ChinaProjects(2010bsxt05,2010ssxt246) supported by the Innovation Foundation of Science and Technology of Central South University,China
文摘To study the abilities of Chlorella sorokiniana CS-01 on using CO2 from flue gases to produce biodiesel,the microaglae was cultured with different simulated flue gases containing 5%-15%(volume fraction) of CO2.The results show that strain CS-01 could grow at 15% CO2 and grow well under CO2 contents ranging from 5%-10%.The maximal biomass productivity and lipid productivity were obtained when aerating with 10% of CO2.The lipids content ranged from 28% to 43% of dry mass of biomass.The main fatty acid compositions of strain CS-01 were C14-C18(>72%) short-chain FAMEs(known as biodiesel feedstocks).Meanwhile,the biodiesel productivity was over 60%,suggesting that Chlorella sorokiniana CS-01 has a great potential for CO2 mitigation and biodiesel production.Furthermore,differential expression of three genes related to CO2 fixation and fatty acid synthesis were studied to further describe the effect of simulated flue gases on the growth and lipid accumulation of strain CS-01 at molecular level.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50574085)
文摘A new process called＇NOx reduction by coupling combustion with recycling flue gas（RCCRF）＇was proposed to decrease NOx emission during the iron ore sintering process.The simulation test of NOx reduction was performed over sintered ore and in the process of coke combustion.Experimentally,NOx reduction was also carried out by sintering pot test.For sintered ore,the amount of NOx emission is reduced by 15wt%-25wt% at 400-550oC using 2.0vol% H2 or 2.0vol% CO,or reduced by 10wt%-30wt% at 560-720oC using 0.15vol% NH3.NOx reduction is around 10wt% by coupling combustion of pyrolysis gas and coke,or around 16wt% by recycling flue gas into coke combustion.By RCCRF,the maximum NOx reduction ratio is about 23wt% in coke combustion experiment and over 40wt% in sintering pot test.
基金This project was supported by Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Foundation (No. 980343).
文摘This paper describes the structure of the system for separating sulfur from flue gas and dust. In the paper, the velocities of turbulent flow and laminar flow inside the tower, the total of liquid membrance, and the additional flow of rotation fogged fluid are calculated, and the separation of rotation air-solid affected by tower is analyzed. The velocity distribution in quasi free vortex area is obtained from experiment. The minimum separated particle diameter is computed. The paper also studies the chemical reactions of flue gas containing sulfide with the dynamic fogged sulfur separating agent and discusses the main factors related to the effect of separating sulfur and dust. At last, the applications of separating sulfur in industrial stove and collecting dust in environmental engineering are introduced.
文摘The paper shows a method of designing a heat exchanger recovering heat from the condensation of water vapour contained in flue gases. A heat exchanger condenses water vapour and SO2 （sulphur dioxide） in the presence of inert gases （CO2, CO, N2, O2） contained in flue gases. A mathematical model and a sample design of a heat exchanger were presented. The heat exchange is capable of recovering from a dozen or so to several dozen percent of heat from flue gases escaping into the atmosphere. A second advantage of the heat exchanger is the possibility to reduce the emissions of SO2 considerably. Depending on the parameters, it can be even a sevenfold reduction in the emissions. The main mathematical tool used for designing the condensing heat exchanger is the Colburn-Hougen method. The authors omitted that part of the method which requires iterative calculations. The Mollier diagram was used instead.
基金Project supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.R107532)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Universities(No.NCET-08-0490)+2 种基金the Nonprofit Specific Environmental Research Fund(No.200909024)the Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2011J01322)the Project of Science and Technology Innovation Platform of Fujian Province(No.2009H2006),China
文摘Elemental mercury capture on heat-treated activated carbon （TAC） was studied using a laboratory-scale fixed bed reactor. The capability of TAC to perform Hg0 capture under both N2 and baseline gas atmospheres was studied and the effects of common acid gas constituents were evaluated individually to avoid complications resulting from the coexistence of multiple components. The results suggest that surface functional groups （SFGs） on activated carbon （AC） are vital to Hg0 capture in the absence of acid gases. Meanwhile, the presence of acid gas components coupled with defective graphitic lattices on TAC plays an important role in effective Hg0 capture. The presence of HC1, NO2, and NO individually in basic gases markedly enhances Hg0 capture on TAC due to the heterogeneous oxidation of Hg0 on acidic sites created on the carbon surface and catalysis by the defective graphitic lattices on TAC. Similarly, the presence of SO2 improves Hg0 capture by about 20%. This improvement likely results from the deposition of sulfur groups on the AC surface and oxidation of the elemental mercury by SO2 due to catalysis on the carbon surface. Furthermore, O2 exhibits a synergistic effect on Hg0 oxidation and capture when acid gases are present in the flue gases.
基金supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University
文摘SO2 monitoring in the flue gas of a coal burning boiler is important for environmental protection. The non- linearity of practical condition causes deviation from theoretical law. On the basis of the Lambert-Beer Law, a new four-step calibrntion method is introduced. This method includes cross section interpola- tion, weighting spectral region combination, acquiring the spectrum with new calibration devices, and least-square fitting. Compared with conventional methods, this new method is low cost, convenient, and accurate. In the proof test, SO2 samples with different concentrations are measured. The average errors are less than 1.5%, while the maximum deviation is less than 4.5%.
