Sweet osmanthus(Osmanthus fragrans) is a having general approval aromatic tree in China that is widely applied to landscaping and gardening. However, the evergreen tree adaptability is limited by many environmental st...Sweet osmanthus(Osmanthus fragrans) is a having general approval aromatic tree in China that is widely applied to landscaping and gardening. However, the evergreen tree adaptability is limited by many environmental stresses. Currently, limited information is available regarding the genetic analysis and functional identification of expansin genes in response to abiotic stress in sweet osmanthus. In this study, a total of 29 expansin genes were identified and divided into four groups by genome-wide analysis from the sweet osmanthus genome. Transcriptome and quantitative Real-time PCR analysis showed that the cell wall-localized protein expansin-like A(OfEXLA1) gene was significantly induced by salt and drought treatment. Histochemical GUS staining of transgenic Arabidopsis lines in which GUS activity was driven with the OfEXLA1 promoter, GUS activity was significantly induced by salt, drought, and exogenous abscisic acid(ABA). In yeast, we found OfEXLA1overexpression significantly improved the population of cells compared with wild-type strains after NaCl and polyethylene glycol(PEG)treatment. Additionally, OfEXLA1 overexpression not only promoted plant growth, but also improved the salt and drought tolerance in Arabidopsis. To gain insight into the role of ABA signaling in the regulation of OfEXLA1 improving abiotic tolerance in sweet osmanthus, four differentially expressed ABA Insensitive 5(ABI5)-like genes(OfABL4, OfABL5, OfABL7, and OfABL8) were identified from transcriptome, and dualluciferase(dual-LUC) and yeast one hybrid(Y1H) assay showed that OfABL4 and OfABL5 might bind to OfEXLA1 promoter to accumulate the OfEXLA1 expression by responding to ABA signaling to improve abiotic tolerance in sweet osmanthus. These results provide the information for understanding the molecular functions of expansin-like A gene and molecular breeding of sweet osmanthus in future.展开更多
Objective:To explore the molecular mechanism of Osmanthus Fragrans Lour.(OFL)in enhancing immunity.Methods:The compounds and action targets of OFL were collected from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systematic Pharma...Objective:To explore the molecular mechanism of Osmanthus Fragrans Lour.(OFL)in enhancing immunity.Methods:The compounds and action targets of OFL were collected from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systematic Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform.Protein targets of compounds were obtained from the UniProt database and relevant targets of boosting immunity were retrieved from the Genecards database.The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis and Gene Ontology function enrichment analysis were performed through the DAVID analysis website,Visualization and Integrated Discovery.Finally,the results of the network analysis were validated by performing molecular docking using AutoDock vina.Results:A total of 7 active compounds and 167 potential active targets were identified in OFL.A total of 1549 genes with a correlation score of≥1 were retrieved from the Genecards website with the keyword“boost immunity”,and 107 genes were obtained by crossing the 167 genes of OFL with the 1549 genes of boosting immunity.A total of 4802 entries were obtained from Gene Ontology functional enrichment(P<0.05).A total of 234 signaling pathways were obtained through a Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis(P<0.05).Tumor necrosis factor(TNF)and interleukin 17(IL-17)signaling pathways were closely related to body immunity.The molecular docking results showed that all the core compounds in OFL the characteristics including low energy,a stable structure and high binding activity when bound to IL-17 and TNF-αprotein.Kaempferol showed the highest affinity with IL-17,and fucosterol showed the highest affinity with TNF-α.Conclusions:Through studies on network pharmacology and molecular docking,we have further demonstrated that OFL could enhance the immunity of the body through multi-component,multi-target and multi-pathway actions,and that IL-17/TNF-αsignalling pathway is the key molecular mechanism.展开更多
Various individual organs (tepal, flower bud, inflorescence branch, inflorescence, adult vegetative bud and juvenile vegetative bud) were directly regenerated respectively by callus in Dracaena fragrans cv. massangean...Various individual organs (tepal, flower bud, inflorescence branch, inflorescence, adult vegetative bud and juvenile vegetative bud) were directly regenerated respectively by callus in Dracaena fragrans cv. massangeana Hort. During the regeneration of these individual organs some regularity phenomena were observed. Firstly, the kind range of the individual organs, which are directly regenerated in vitro, is in close relationship to the differentiated stages of the organs used for explant excision during plant ontogeny. The explants excised from the epigeous organ that is differentiated at some stage (stage A) during plant ontogeny must be able to separately regenerate all of those individual epigeous organs: ones differentiated slightly later than the stage A, ones differentiated at the stage A and all ones differentiated earlier than the stage A. Secondly, within this range which kind of organ is regenerated depends on the exogenous auxin concentrations in medium. With the gradual increase of 2,4-D concentration from 0.005 mg/L to 0.5 mg/L, the kinds of regenerated organs will change by the order as follows: vegetative bud, inflorescence, inflorescence branch, flower bud, tepal. These regularities will be able to be used for inducing the direct regeneration of a given epigeous organ in angiosperms.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of Pb and Cd uptake and accumulation in Osmanthus fragrans（Thunb.） Lour.under single and combined stress of Pb and Cd.[Method] Pot experiment was adopt...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of Pb and Cd uptake and accumulation in Osmanthus fragrans（Thunb.） Lour.under single and combined stress of Pb and Cd.[Method] Pot experiment was adopted with O.fragrans seedlings as experimental materials to investigate the effect of single and combined stresses of Pb and Cd on the growth of O.fragrans seedlings under 0,50,100,500,1 000 and 2 000 mg/kg of Pb and 0,1,10,50,100 and 200 mg/kg of Cd.[Result] Under the experimental conditions,the growth of O.fragrans seedlings was significantly inhibited under moderate Pb stress（500 mg/kg） and high Cd stress（100 mg/kg）;the decreasing order of Pb uptake rate of different O.fragrans tissues was root stem leaf;the decreasing order of Cd content of different O.fragrans tissues was root stem leaf,while the decreasing order of Cd uptake rate of different O.fragrans tissues was stem root leaf.[Conclusion] Under combined stress,low concentrations of Pb and Cd can mutually promote the uptake and accumulation,while high concentrations of Pb and Cd can mutually inhibit the uptake and accumulation.展开更多
In this study, identification and rDNA-ITS sequence analysis of an anthracnose pathogen on Dracaena fragrans were carried out. [Method] D. fra-grans leaves with lesions were used as experimental materials to isolate a...In this study, identification and rDNA-ITS sequence analysis of an anthracnose pathogen on Dracaena fragrans were carried out. [Method] D. fra-grans leaves with lesions were used as experimental materials to isolate anthrac-nose pathogen. Morphological observation, rDNA-ITS amplification and sequence analysis were performed to identify the pathogen strain. [Result] Caonidia of the iso-lated anthracnose pathogen were straight or curved, el iptic to crescent, with 2-5 oil droplets, 7.5-20 × 4.5-5 μm. According to molecular phylogenetic analysis, the iso-lated pathogen strain was identified as a new species, which was named Col-letotrichum dracaena-fragrantis sp. nov. [Conclusion] This study provided theoretical basis for the prevention and control of anthracnose.展开更多
Leaf functional traits are adaptations that enable plants to live under different environmental conditions. This study aims to evaluate the differences in leaf functional traits between red and green leaves of two eve...Leaf functional traits are adaptations that enable plants to live under different environmental conditions. This study aims to evaluate the differences in leaf functional traits between red and green leaves of two evergreen shrubs Photinia × fraseri and Osrnanthus fragrans. Specific areas of red leaves are higher than that of green leaves in both species. Thus, the material investment per unit area and per lamina of red leaves is significantly lower than that of green leaves, implying an utmost effort of red leaves to increase light capture and use efficiency because of their low leafchlorophyll concentration. The higher petiole length of green leaves compared with that of red leaves indicates that adult green leaves may have large fractional biomass allocation to support the lamina structures in capturing light with maximum efficiency and obtaining a high growth rate. The high range of the phenotypic plasticity of leaf size, leaf thickness, single-leaf wet and dry weights, and leaf moisture of green leaves may be beneficial in achieving efficient control of water loss and nutrient deprivation. The high range of phenotypic plasticity of leaf chlorophyll concentration of red leaves may be advantageous in increasing resource （especially light） capture anduse efficiency because this leaf type is juvenile in the growth stage and has low leaf-chlorophyll concentration.展开更多
The roots of O. fragrans are also a valuable resource in addition to its flowers and fruits. In this study, the HPLC-MS/MS method used for analyzing the chemical constituents in O. fragrans roots extract was developed...The roots of O. fragrans are also a valuable resource in addition to its flowers and fruits. In this study, the HPLC-MS/MS method used for analyzing the chemical constituents in O. fragrans roots extract was developed, which showed high sensitivity for both qualitative and quantitative analyses. Thirty-two compounds were first discovered in O. fragrans roots, one compound of which was reported for the first time. The simultaneous determination method for acteoside, isoacteoside, oleuropein and phillyrin was validated to be sensitive and accurate. Then it was applied to determine the content of bioactive components in O. fragrans roots from different cultivars. The content of oleuropein and phillyrin in the twelve batches was relatively stable, while the content of acteoside and isoacteoside varied greatly.Moreover, the therapeutic material basis and mechanism of O. fragrans roots exerting its traditional pharmacodynamics were analyzed by network pharmacology. The results showed that O. fragrans roots might be effective for the treatment of inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and rheumatoid arthritis, which is consistent with the traditional pharmacodynamics of O. fragrans roots. This work can provide an analytical method for the comprehensive development of O. fragrans roots.展开更多
Osmanthus fragrans is one of the top ten traditional flowers in China.It is divided into three different groups according to its color.α-Carotene and β-carotene are the main determinants to distinguish the color dif...Osmanthus fragrans is one of the top ten traditional flowers in China.It is divided into three different groups according to its color.α-Carotene and β-carotene are the main determinants to distinguish the color differences between three groups.However,the dominant genes and transcription factors involved in carotenoid metabolism remain unclear.CPTA treatment(0.7mmol·L−1)remarkably promoted lycopene,α-carotene and β-carotene contents in flowers.Transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed that CPTA treatment could trigger chain reactions in carotenoid metabolism pathway genes.Four up-regulated and 10 down-regulated transcription factors which have close association with carotenoid variation were significantly induced by CPTA treatment.The up-regulated TFs such as MYB43,MYB123,HSF,were further subjected to transcript expression determination in different cultivars with drastic colors.Among them,transcript expression of four up-regulated TFs coincided with the carotenoid accumulation in different cultivars.We selected up-regulated OfMYB43 to verify its function,which is related to stress tolerance and transcriptional regulation.Transient overexpression of OfMYB43 in O.fragrans flowers showed that it could remarkably promote the expression of PDS,ZISO,LCYE and CCD4,leading to increased accumulation of β-branch carotenoids.OfMYB43 was a potential positive regulator of carotenoid biosynthesis in O.fragrans flowers.This study provides insight into the molecular mechanism of carotenoid metabolism in O.fragrans.展开更多
Objective:Toinvestigate the anti-angiogenic activity and antioxidant properties of Myristica fragrans（M.fragrans）（nutmeg） and Morinda citrifolia（M.citrifolia）（mengkudu） oils. Methods:The nutmeg and megkudu ess...Objective:Toinvestigate the anti-angiogenic activity and antioxidant properties of Myristica fragrans（M.fragrans）（nutmeg） and Morinda citrifolia（M.citrifolia）（mengkudu） oils. Methods:The nutmeg and megkudu essential oils were obtained by steam distillation. The antioxidant activities of both essenlial oils were delermined by beta-carotene/ linoleic acid bleaching assay and reducing power while the anti-angiogenic activity was investigated using rat aortic ring assay using various concentrations.Results:The results showed that nutmeg oil has higher antioxidant activity than mengkudu oil.The nutmeg oil effectively inhibited the oxidation of linoleic acid with（88.68±0.1）%while the inhibition percentage of oxidation of linoleic acid of the mengkudu oil is（69.44±0.4）%.The nutmeg oil and mengkudu oil showed reducing power with an EC<sub>50</sub> value of 181.4μg/mL and 3 043.0μg/mL,respectively.The anliangiogenic activity of nutmeg oil showed significant antiangiogenic activity with IC<sub>50</sub> of 77.64μg/mL comparing to mengkudu oil which exhibits IC<sub>50</sub> of 109.30μg/mL.Conclusion:Bioactive compound（s） will be isolated from the nutmeg essential oil to be developed as antiangiogenic drugs.展开更多
In the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway, Chalcone synthase (CHS) is involved in the formation of the pigment and has been shown to be a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of flavonoids. In this study, a PCR approach...In the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway, Chalcone synthase (CHS) is involved in the formation of the pigment and has been shown to be a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of flavonoids. In this study, a PCR approach was used to clone a Chalcone synthases cDNA from flower of sweet osmanthus “Chenghong Dangui” and it was designated as OfCHS (O. fragrans, CHS). The cDNA was 1383 bp long and a coding sequence (CDS) of 1173 bp encoding a polypeptide of 391 amino acids with an estimated molecular mass of 39.9 kDa. The theoretical isoelectric point was 6.23. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that OfCHS clustered with Olea europaea, Solenostemon scutellarioides, Perilla frutescens, Antirrhinum majus and Digitalis lanata. We also detected the expression of OfCHS in different tissues in “Dangui” and in two cultivars with varied coloration, “Zi Yingui” and “Chenghong Dangui” at different floral stages using quantitative real-time PCR. We observed that OfCHS transcript was higher in leaves than in petals in “Dangui”. The transcripts of OfCHS in “Zi Yingui” petals were higher than those in “Dangui” at three stages especially at xianyan stage and there was no significant difference between the two cultivars in the full flowering stage. “Chenghong Dangui” has a relatively high anthocyanin content compared to “Zi Yingui”. The relative amount of anthocyanin of “Chenghong Dangui” initially increases, and then decreases during the bloom period. However, the expression of CHS is the highest at the initial flowering stage. These data suggest that the OfCHS does not play a key role in the accumulation of total flavonoid in this cultivar. These data could contribute to explain the different accumulation of flavonoids in petals of the two cultivars.展开更多
According to the meteorological data in Wenjiang District and the pheno- logical observation data of early Yingui during flowedng period in Chengdu Experi- mental Station of Agricultural Meteorology, using statistical...According to the meteorological data in Wenjiang District and the pheno- logical observation data of early Yingui during flowedng period in Chengdu Experi- mental Station of Agricultural Meteorology, using statistical methods, prerequisite and the climatic indicators for the first flowering of early Yingui were obtained. Based on the above conditions, the conditions for the flowering period of O. fragrans in Wenjiang District were analyzed. The conclusion was drawn that the conditions are suitable for blossoms of O. fragrans.展开更多
Osmanthus fragrans is well-known as an ornamental and agricultural plant noted for its unique fragrance.We investigated the genetic relationships between two new colorful O.fragrans cultivars,Ziyan Gongzhu and Qiannan...Osmanthus fragrans is well-known as an ornamental and agricultural plant noted for its unique fragrance.We investigated the genetic relationships between two new colorful O.fragrans cultivars,Ziyan Gongzhu and Qiannan Guifei,and their relationships with other O.fragrans using amplified fragment length polymorphism(AFLP)and simple sequence repeat(SSR),compared to the Changye Muxi species.55 AFLP primer pairs and 17 SSRs were screened;1103 and 45 amplification products were produced,of which 92.29%of the AFLP and 62.20%of the SSRs were polymorphic.At the population level,the number of effective alleles varied from 0.76 to 1.11,and the Shannon index(I)ranged from 0 to 0.11,indicating a narrow genetic base of O.fragrans cultivars.The genetic similarity varied from 0.61 to 0.80 between Ziyan Gongzhu and other O.fragrans cultivars,and 0.57 to 0.67 in the Qiannan Guifei and other cultivars.The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean(UPGMA)clustering revealed that Ziyan Gongzhu may belong to the O.fragrans Albus group.However,the Qiannan Guifei cultivar was clustered into a group,showing that it has great genetic variation.These results provide new molecular evidence for germplasm resources protection,and new cultivars for breeding.展开更多
[ Objective] The study aimed to forecast the first flowering date of Osmanthus fragrans. [ Method] Based on the data about flowering stage of O. fragrans in Guilin City from 1999 -2012, the correlation between meteoro...[ Objective] The study aimed to forecast the first flowering date of Osmanthus fragrans. [ Method] Based on the data about flowering stage of O. fragrans in Guilin City from 1999 -2012, the correlation between meteorological factors and the first flowering date of O. fragrans was analyzed, and a forecast model for the first flowering date of O. fragrans was established. EResult] Among meteorological factors, precipitation, humidity, temperature and sunshine hours could obviously affect the first flowering date of O. fragrans, especially humidity in August, temperature and sunshine hours in September. The forecast model could exactly forecast the first flowering date in the partial early or too late year, and the av- erage error of date was 6 days. The factors influencing the first flowering date of O. fragrans are complex, and there is an artificial error in record data of the flowering stage, so using a single model to forecast the first flowering date have some disadvantages. When forecasting the first flower- ing date, we should consider all influencing factors to get a good forecast result. [ Conclusion] The research could provide a new method to forecast the first flowednq date of O. fraclrans.展开更多
Chonemorpha fragrans is an endangered medicinal woody climber,regarded among alternative plant sources of camptothecin.Camptothecin is a monoterpene indole anti-cancer alkaloid with annual trade value of over three bi...Chonemorpha fragrans is an endangered medicinal woody climber,regarded among alternative plant sources of camptothecin.Camptothecin is a monoterpene indole anti-cancer alkaloid with annual trade value of over three billion U.S.dollars in the recent,and is used in the production of its analog drugs approved for the chemotherapy of cancer of varied types.Effects of plant growth regulators,culture media strength and photoperi-odic duration on the micropropagation ef ciency of C.fragrans from nodal segment explants were studied on Murashige and Skoog(MS)medium amended with Thidiazuron(TDZ),Benzylaminopurine(BAP)or Kinetin(Kin).Thidiazuron was more ef cient over BAP and Kin when half basal MS medium was used over full or quarter strength.Results of carbon source experiment showed sucrose as the most effective over glucose,fructose,and maltose in the clonal production.Studies on the photope-riodic incubation duration showed 12 h as the best light period and sub or supra-optimal resulted in the production of abnormal and albino micro shoots.Experimental results on the evaluation of physiological,biochemical parameters showed the role of pigment molecules and antioxidant systems in the production of albino micro shoots.展开更多
While comparing photosynthetic characteristics of Dryopteris fragrans(L.) Schott to those of several commonly associated plants in its native community, coordination between D. fragrans and its environment was observe...While comparing photosynthetic characteristics of Dryopteris fragrans(L.) Schott to those of several commonly associated plants in its native community, coordination between D. fragrans and its environment was observed. The diurnal net photosynthetic rate(Pn) varied dramatically for all the plants studied. D. fragrans, Woodsia ilvensis and Urtica angustifolia all exhibited unimodal type Pn variation, with low Pn, weak photosynthetic capacity, and dramatic maximal photosynthesis(Pmax) changes. When compared to values for its associated plants, D. fragrans values were of intermediate level, indicating difficulty in adapting to its environment. Moreover, the nitrate reductase activity of D. fragrans was higher than that of only one species, Artemisia gmelinii. With increasing leaf maturity and chlorophyll content, D. fragrans exhibited declining LCP(light compensation point) and a relatively low LSP(light saturation point). Because of its overall relatively weak photosynthetic capacity, D. fragrans exhibited narrow ecological amplitude with respect to light adaptation.展开更多
As a plant resource, Osmanthus fragrans has both medicinal and edible effects. This paper reviews the active components and health-care functions of O. fragrans, and introduces the current research situation of O. fra...As a plant resource, Osmanthus fragrans has both medicinal and edible effects. This paper reviews the active components and health-care functions of O. fragrans, and introduces the current research situation of O. fragrans mixed wine. In addition, combined with the development of new products of plant-based flower wine, it analyzes the development prospects of O. fragrans mixed wine based on liquor and spirits.展开更多
Low winter temperature is generally recognized as the chief factor limiting the northward distribution of Osmanthus fragrans. O. fragrans has been cultivated in Kaifeng for nearly two decades, yet little is known rega...Low winter temperature is generally recognized as the chief factor limiting the northward distribution of Osmanthus fragrans. O. fragrans has been cultivated in Kaifeng for nearly two decades, yet little is known regarding how well this plant has adapted to the city＇s cold winter. In a city-wide survey, we periodically examined O. fragrans leaves for visible symptoms of freeze damage, then measured leaf soluble sugar content, leaf electric conductivity, palisade layer thickness/leaf thickness ratio, and spongy layer thickness/leaf thickness ratio of several cultivars. The data thus collected were assessed to determine the cultivars＇ cold resistance levels. Our results indicate that the northward distribution of O. fragrans may be limited primarily by low spring temperatures rather than low winter temperatures. O. fragrans Sijigui and Huangchuan Jingui are the most cold resistant O. fragrans cultivars in Kaifeng, China.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.31902057 and 32072615)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.LQ19C160012)the key research and development program of Zhejiang Province (Grant No.2021C02071)。
文摘Sweet osmanthus(Osmanthus fragrans) is a having general approval aromatic tree in China that is widely applied to landscaping and gardening. However, the evergreen tree adaptability is limited by many environmental stresses. Currently, limited information is available regarding the genetic analysis and functional identification of expansin genes in response to abiotic stress in sweet osmanthus. In this study, a total of 29 expansin genes were identified and divided into four groups by genome-wide analysis from the sweet osmanthus genome. Transcriptome and quantitative Real-time PCR analysis showed that the cell wall-localized protein expansin-like A(OfEXLA1) gene was significantly induced by salt and drought treatment. Histochemical GUS staining of transgenic Arabidopsis lines in which GUS activity was driven with the OfEXLA1 promoter, GUS activity was significantly induced by salt, drought, and exogenous abscisic acid(ABA). In yeast, we found OfEXLA1overexpression significantly improved the population of cells compared with wild-type strains after NaCl and polyethylene glycol(PEG)treatment. Additionally, OfEXLA1 overexpression not only promoted plant growth, but also improved the salt and drought tolerance in Arabidopsis. To gain insight into the role of ABA signaling in the regulation of OfEXLA1 improving abiotic tolerance in sweet osmanthus, four differentially expressed ABA Insensitive 5(ABI5)-like genes(OfABL4, OfABL5, OfABL7, and OfABL8) were identified from transcriptome, and dualluciferase(dual-LUC) and yeast one hybrid(Y1H) assay showed that OfABL4 and OfABL5 might bind to OfEXLA1 promoter to accumulate the OfEXLA1 expression by responding to ABA signaling to improve abiotic tolerance in sweet osmanthus. These results provide the information for understanding the molecular functions of expansin-like A gene and molecular breeding of sweet osmanthus in future.
基金We are grateful for the supports from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2021M693961)Hubei University of Science and Technology Special Scientific Research Fund of Medical School of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology(No.2020WG13)+3 种基金Young and Middle-aged Talent Project of Hubei Provincial Department of Education(No.Q20222808)Youth Talent Project of Health Commission of Hubei Province(No.ZY2021Q026)Hubei University of Science and Technology Doctoral Startup Fund Project(No.BK202029)National Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project(No.202010927004).
文摘Objective:To explore the molecular mechanism of Osmanthus Fragrans Lour.(OFL)in enhancing immunity.Methods:The compounds and action targets of OFL were collected from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systematic Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform.Protein targets of compounds were obtained from the UniProt database and relevant targets of boosting immunity were retrieved from the Genecards database.The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis and Gene Ontology function enrichment analysis were performed through the DAVID analysis website,Visualization and Integrated Discovery.Finally,the results of the network analysis were validated by performing molecular docking using AutoDock vina.Results:A total of 7 active compounds and 167 potential active targets were identified in OFL.A total of 1549 genes with a correlation score of≥1 were retrieved from the Genecards website with the keyword“boost immunity”,and 107 genes were obtained by crossing the 167 genes of OFL with the 1549 genes of boosting immunity.A total of 4802 entries were obtained from Gene Ontology functional enrichment(P<0.05).A total of 234 signaling pathways were obtained through a Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis(P<0.05).Tumor necrosis factor(TNF)and interleukin 17(IL-17)signaling pathways were closely related to body immunity.The molecular docking results showed that all the core compounds in OFL the characteristics including low energy,a stable structure and high binding activity when bound to IL-17 and TNF-αprotein.Kaempferol showed the highest affinity with IL-17,and fucosterol showed the highest affinity with TNF-α.Conclusions:Through studies on network pharmacology and molecular docking,we have further demonstrated that OFL could enhance the immunity of the body through multi-component,multi-target and multi-pathway actions,and that IL-17/TNF-αsignalling pathway is the key molecular mechanism.
文摘Various individual organs (tepal, flower bud, inflorescence branch, inflorescence, adult vegetative bud and juvenile vegetative bud) were directly regenerated respectively by callus in Dracaena fragrans cv. massangeana Hort. During the regeneration of these individual organs some regularity phenomena were observed. Firstly, the kind range of the individual organs, which are directly regenerated in vitro, is in close relationship to the differentiated stages of the organs used for explant excision during plant ontogeny. The explants excised from the epigeous organ that is differentiated at some stage (stage A) during plant ontogeny must be able to separately regenerate all of those individual epigeous organs: ones differentiated slightly later than the stage A, ones differentiated at the stage A and all ones differentiated earlier than the stage A. Secondly, within this range which kind of organ is regenerated depends on the exogenous auxin concentrations in medium. With the gradual increase of 2,4-D concentration from 0.005 mg/L to 0.5 mg/L, the kinds of regenerated organs will change by the order as follows: vegetative bud, inflorescence, inflorescence branch, flower bud, tepal. These regularities will be able to be used for inducing the direct regeneration of a given epigeous organ in angiosperms.
基金Supported by Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment in the National Eleventh Five-Year Plan(2009ZX07104-003)Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment in the National Twelfth Five-Year Plan(2012ZX07104-002-04)the Outstanding Youth Innovative Team Plan Project of Hubei Province(No:T200703)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of Pb and Cd uptake and accumulation in Osmanthus fragrans（Thunb.） Lour.under single and combined stress of Pb and Cd.[Method] Pot experiment was adopted with O.fragrans seedlings as experimental materials to investigate the effect of single and combined stresses of Pb and Cd on the growth of O.fragrans seedlings under 0,50,100,500,1 000 and 2 000 mg/kg of Pb and 0,1,10,50,100 and 200 mg/kg of Cd.[Result] Under the experimental conditions,the growth of O.fragrans seedlings was significantly inhibited under moderate Pb stress（500 mg/kg） and high Cd stress（100 mg/kg）;the decreasing order of Pb uptake rate of different O.fragrans tissues was root stem leaf;the decreasing order of Cd content of different O.fragrans tissues was root stem leaf,while the decreasing order of Cd uptake rate of different O.fragrans tissues was stem root leaf.[Conclusion] Under combined stress,low concentrations of Pb and Cd can mutually promote the uptake and accumulation,while high concentrations of Pb and Cd can mutually inhibit the uptake and accumulation.
文摘In this study, identification and rDNA-ITS sequence analysis of an anthracnose pathogen on Dracaena fragrans were carried out. [Method] D. fra-grans leaves with lesions were used as experimental materials to isolate anthrac-nose pathogen. Morphological observation, rDNA-ITS amplification and sequence analysis were performed to identify the pathogen strain. [Result] Caonidia of the iso-lated anthracnose pathogen were straight or curved, el iptic to crescent, with 2-5 oil droplets, 7.5-20 × 4.5-5 μm. According to molecular phylogenetic analysis, the iso-lated pathogen strain was identified as a new species, which was named Col-letotrichum dracaena-fragrantis sp. nov. [Conclusion] This study provided theoretical basis for the prevention and control of anthracnose.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31300343)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(BK20130500)Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment
文摘Leaf functional traits are adaptations that enable plants to live under different environmental conditions. This study aims to evaluate the differences in leaf functional traits between red and green leaves of two evergreen shrubs Photinia × fraseri and Osrnanthus fragrans. Specific areas of red leaves are higher than that of green leaves in both species. Thus, the material investment per unit area and per lamina of red leaves is significantly lower than that of green leaves, implying an utmost effort of red leaves to increase light capture and use efficiency because of their low leafchlorophyll concentration. The higher petiole length of green leaves compared with that of red leaves indicates that adult green leaves may have large fractional biomass allocation to support the lamina structures in capturing light with maximum efficiency and obtaining a high growth rate. The high range of the phenotypic plasticity of leaf size, leaf thickness, single-leaf wet and dry weights, and leaf moisture of green leaves may be beneficial in achieving efficient control of water loss and nutrient deprivation. The high range of phenotypic plasticity of leaf chlorophyll concentration of red leaves may be advantageous in increasing resource （especially light） capture anduse efficiency because this leaf type is juvenile in the growth stage and has low leaf-chlorophyll concentration.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 81872828 and 81573384)the Large-scale Instrument and Equipment Sharing Foundation of Wuhan University (LF20191065)。
文摘The roots of O. fragrans are also a valuable resource in addition to its flowers and fruits. In this study, the HPLC-MS/MS method used for analyzing the chemical constituents in O. fragrans roots extract was developed, which showed high sensitivity for both qualitative and quantitative analyses. Thirty-two compounds were first discovered in O. fragrans roots, one compound of which was reported for the first time. The simultaneous determination method for acteoside, isoacteoside, oleuropein and phillyrin was validated to be sensitive and accurate. Then it was applied to determine the content of bioactive components in O. fragrans roots from different cultivars. The content of oleuropein and phillyrin in the twelve batches was relatively stable, while the content of acteoside and isoacteoside varied greatly.Moreover, the therapeutic material basis and mechanism of O. fragrans roots exerting its traditional pharmacodynamics were analyzed by network pharmacology. The results showed that O. fragrans roots might be effective for the treatment of inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and rheumatoid arthritis, which is consistent with the traditional pharmacodynamics of O. fragrans roots. This work can provide an analytical method for the comprehensive development of O. fragrans roots.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Fund for the Central Universities(Grant No.2013PY088).
文摘Osmanthus fragrans is one of the top ten traditional flowers in China.It is divided into three different groups according to its color.α-Carotene and β-carotene are the main determinants to distinguish the color differences between three groups.However,the dominant genes and transcription factors involved in carotenoid metabolism remain unclear.CPTA treatment(0.7mmol·L−1)remarkably promoted lycopene,α-carotene and β-carotene contents in flowers.Transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed that CPTA treatment could trigger chain reactions in carotenoid metabolism pathway genes.Four up-regulated and 10 down-regulated transcription factors which have close association with carotenoid variation were significantly induced by CPTA treatment.The up-regulated TFs such as MYB43,MYB123,HSF,were further subjected to transcript expression determination in different cultivars with drastic colors.Among them,transcript expression of four up-regulated TFs coincided with the carotenoid accumulation in different cultivars.We selected up-regulated OfMYB43 to verify its function,which is related to stress tolerance and transcriptional regulation.Transient overexpression of OfMYB43 in O.fragrans flowers showed that it could remarkably promote the expression of PDS,ZISO,LCYE and CCD4,leading to increased accumulation of β-branch carotenoids.OfMYB43 was a potential positive regulator of carotenoid biosynthesis in O.fragrans flowers.This study provides insight into the molecular mechanism of carotenoid metabolism in O.fragrans.
基金funded by Universiti Sains Malaysia Research University(RU)Grant(1001/PFARMASI/813021)
文摘Objective:Toinvestigate the anti-angiogenic activity and antioxidant properties of Myristica fragrans（M.fragrans）（nutmeg） and Morinda citrifolia（M.citrifolia）（mengkudu） oils. Methods:The nutmeg and megkudu essential oils were obtained by steam distillation. The antioxidant activities of both essenlial oils were delermined by beta-carotene/ linoleic acid bleaching assay and reducing power while the anti-angiogenic activity was investigated using rat aortic ring assay using various concentrations.Results:The results showed that nutmeg oil has higher antioxidant activity than mengkudu oil.The nutmeg oil effectively inhibited the oxidation of linoleic acid with（88.68±0.1）%while the inhibition percentage of oxidation of linoleic acid of the mengkudu oil is（69.44±0.4）%.The nutmeg oil and mengkudu oil showed reducing power with an EC<sub>50</sub> value of 181.4μg/mL and 3 043.0μg/mL,respectively.The anliangiogenic activity of nutmeg oil showed significant antiangiogenic activity with IC<sub>50</sub> of 77.64μg/mL comparing to mengkudu oil which exhibits IC<sub>50</sub> of 109.30μg/mL.Conclusion:Bioactive compound（s） will be isolated from the nutmeg essential oil to be developed as antiangiogenic drugs.
文摘In the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway, Chalcone synthase (CHS) is involved in the formation of the pigment and has been shown to be a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of flavonoids. In this study, a PCR approach was used to clone a Chalcone synthases cDNA from flower of sweet osmanthus “Chenghong Dangui” and it was designated as OfCHS (O. fragrans, CHS). The cDNA was 1383 bp long and a coding sequence (CDS) of 1173 bp encoding a polypeptide of 391 amino acids with an estimated molecular mass of 39.9 kDa. The theoretical isoelectric point was 6.23. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that OfCHS clustered with Olea europaea, Solenostemon scutellarioides, Perilla frutescens, Antirrhinum majus and Digitalis lanata. We also detected the expression of OfCHS in different tissues in “Dangui” and in two cultivars with varied coloration, “Zi Yingui” and “Chenghong Dangui” at different floral stages using quantitative real-time PCR. We observed that OfCHS transcript was higher in leaves than in petals in “Dangui”. The transcripts of OfCHS in “Zi Yingui” petals were higher than those in “Dangui” at three stages especially at xianyan stage and there was no significant difference between the two cultivars in the full flowering stage. “Chenghong Dangui” has a relatively high anthocyanin content compared to “Zi Yingui”. The relative amount of anthocyanin of “Chenghong Dangui” initially increases, and then decreases during the bloom period. However, the expression of CHS is the highest at the initial flowering stage. These data suggest that the OfCHS does not play a key role in the accumulation of total flavonoid in this cultivar. These data could contribute to explain the different accumulation of flavonoids in petals of the two cultivars.
文摘According to the meteorological data in Wenjiang District and the pheno- logical observation data of early Yingui during flowedng period in Chengdu Experi- mental Station of Agricultural Meteorology, using statistical methods, prerequisite and the climatic indicators for the first flowering of early Yingui were obtained. Based on the above conditions, the conditions for the flowering period of O. fragrans in Wenjiang District were analyzed. The conclusion was drawn that the conditions are suitable for blossoms of O. fragrans.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Planning Project of Jiangxi Province(20161BBF60032)Jiangxi Modern Agricultural Research Collaborative Innovation Project(JXXTCX2015006-005)Jiangxi Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System Construction Special Funds(JXARS-17)~~
文摘Osmanthus fragrans is well-known as an ornamental and agricultural plant noted for its unique fragrance.We investigated the genetic relationships between two new colorful O.fragrans cultivars,Ziyan Gongzhu and Qiannan Guifei,and their relationships with other O.fragrans using amplified fragment length polymorphism(AFLP)and simple sequence repeat(SSR),compared to the Changye Muxi species.55 AFLP primer pairs and 17 SSRs were screened;1103 and 45 amplification products were produced,of which 92.29%of the AFLP and 62.20%of the SSRs were polymorphic.At the population level,the number of effective alleles varied from 0.76 to 1.11,and the Shannon index(I)ranged from 0 to 0.11,indicating a narrow genetic base of O.fragrans cultivars.The genetic similarity varied from 0.61 to 0.80 between Ziyan Gongzhu and other O.fragrans cultivars,and 0.57 to 0.67 in the Qiannan Guifei and other cultivars.The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean(UPGMA)clustering revealed that Ziyan Gongzhu may belong to the O.fragrans Albus group.However,the Qiannan Guifei cultivar was clustered into a group,showing that it has great genetic variation.These results provide new molecular evidence for germplasm resources protection,and new cultivars for breeding.
基金Supported by the Scientific Research and Technological Development Project of Guilin City ( 20100317)
文摘[ Objective] The study aimed to forecast the first flowering date of Osmanthus fragrans. [ Method] Based on the data about flowering stage of O. fragrans in Guilin City from 1999 -2012, the correlation between meteorological factors and the first flowering date of O. fragrans was analyzed, and a forecast model for the first flowering date of O. fragrans was established. EResult] Among meteorological factors, precipitation, humidity, temperature and sunshine hours could obviously affect the first flowering date of O. fragrans, especially humidity in August, temperature and sunshine hours in September. The forecast model could exactly forecast the first flowering date in the partial early or too late year, and the av- erage error of date was 6 days. The factors influencing the first flowering date of O. fragrans are complex, and there is an artificial error in record data of the flowering stage, so using a single model to forecast the first flowering date have some disadvantages. When forecasting the first flower- ing date, we should consider all influencing factors to get a good forecast result. [ Conclusion] The research could provide a new method to forecast the first flowednq date of O. fraclrans.
基金supported by the Department of Biotechnology,Government of India New Delhithe World Academy of Science(TWAS)for the Advancement of Science in the Developing World TriesteItaly through DBT-TWAS Postgraduate Research Fellowship
文摘Chonemorpha fragrans is an endangered medicinal woody climber,regarded among alternative plant sources of camptothecin.Camptothecin is a monoterpene indole anti-cancer alkaloid with annual trade value of over three billion U.S.dollars in the recent,and is used in the production of its analog drugs approved for the chemotherapy of cancer of varied types.Effects of plant growth regulators,culture media strength and photoperi-odic duration on the micropropagation ef ciency of C.fragrans from nodal segment explants were studied on Murashige and Skoog(MS)medium amended with Thidiazuron(TDZ),Benzylaminopurine(BAP)or Kinetin(Kin).Thidiazuron was more ef cient over BAP and Kin when half basal MS medium was used over full or quarter strength.Results of carbon source experiment showed sucrose as the most effective over glucose,fructose,and maltose in the clonal production.Studies on the photope-riodic incubation duration showed 12 h as the best light period and sub or supra-optimal resulted in the production of abnormal and albino micro shoots.Experimental results on the evaluation of physiological,biochemical parameters showed the role of pigment molecules and antioxidant systems in the production of albino micro shoots.
基金Supported by Funding(Topic 31072091/C020601)from the NSFC(Natural Science Foundation of China)(20082010)
文摘While comparing photosynthetic characteristics of Dryopteris fragrans(L.) Schott to those of several commonly associated plants in its native community, coordination between D. fragrans and its environment was observed. The diurnal net photosynthetic rate(Pn) varied dramatically for all the plants studied. D. fragrans, Woodsia ilvensis and Urtica angustifolia all exhibited unimodal type Pn variation, with low Pn, weak photosynthetic capacity, and dramatic maximal photosynthesis(Pmax) changes. When compared to values for its associated plants, D. fragrans values were of intermediate level, indicating difficulty in adapting to its environment. Moreover, the nitrate reductase activity of D. fragrans was higher than that of only one species, Artemisia gmelinii. With increasing leaf maturity and chlorophyll content, D. fragrans exhibited declining LCP(light compensation point) and a relatively low LSP(light saturation point). Because of its overall relatively weak photosynthetic capacity, D. fragrans exhibited narrow ecological amplitude with respect to light adaptation.
文摘As a plant resource, Osmanthus fragrans has both medicinal and edible effects. This paper reviews the active components and health-care functions of O. fragrans, and introduces the current research situation of O. fragrans mixed wine. In addition, combined with the development of new products of plant-based flower wine, it analyzes the development prospects of O. fragrans mixed wine based on liquor and spirits.
基金This research was supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 30970176） and The Innovation Scientists and Technicians Troop Construction Projects of Henan Province （Grant No. 094100510018）. The authors thanked Yuanji Han, Xueyan Yan, Wangjun Yuan, and Meifang Dong for their assistance.
文摘Low winter temperature is generally recognized as the chief factor limiting the northward distribution of Osmanthus fragrans. O. fragrans has been cultivated in Kaifeng for nearly two decades, yet little is known regarding how well this plant has adapted to the city＇s cold winter. In a city-wide survey, we periodically examined O. fragrans leaves for visible symptoms of freeze damage, then measured leaf soluble sugar content, leaf electric conductivity, palisade layer thickness/leaf thickness ratio, and spongy layer thickness/leaf thickness ratio of several cultivars. The data thus collected were assessed to determine the cultivars＇ cold resistance levels. Our results indicate that the northward distribution of O. fragrans may be limited primarily by low spring temperatures rather than low winter temperatures. O. fragrans Sijigui and Huangchuan Jingui are the most cold resistant O. fragrans cultivars in Kaifeng, China.
