BACKGROUND Lung invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma(LIMA),formerly referred to as mucinous bronchioloalveolar carcinoma,is a rare disease that usually presents as bilateral lung infiltration,is unsuitable for surgery and...BACKGROUND Lung invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma(LIMA),formerly referred to as mucinous bronchioloalveolar carcinoma,is a rare disease that usually presents as bilateral lung infiltration,is unsuitable for surgery and radiotherapy,and shows poor response to conventional chemotherapy.CASE SUMMARY We report a 56-year-old Chinese man with a history of smoking and epidermal growth factor receptor mutation-positivity who was initially misdiagnosed as severe pneumonia,but was ultimately diagnosed as a case of invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma of the lung by computed tomography-guided percutaneous lung biopsy.Bronchorrhea and dyspnea were improved within 24 h after initiation of gefitinib therapy and the radiographic signs of bilateral lung consolidation showed visible improvement within 30 d.After more than 11 months of treatment,there is no evidence of recurrence or severe adverse events.CONCLUSION Although the precise mechanism of the antitumor effects of gefitinib are not clear,our experience indicates an important role of the drug in LIMA and provides a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect of gefitinib combined with cytotoxic agent cisplatin (CDDP) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: Female Kunming mice and H22 hepatocarcinoma cells were used. Gefitinib ...AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect of gefitinib combined with cytotoxic agent cisplatin (CDDP) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: Female Kunming mice and H22 hepatocarcinoma cells were used. Gefitinib at daily dose of 100 mg/kg body weight (BW) or lecithin liquid was given by gastrogavage once a day for 5 or 10 successive days. CDDP or normal saline (NS) was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) once a day for 5 successive days. Mice were randomly divided into control group (lecithin, or NS, i.p.), CDDP group (daily dose, 1.2 mg/kg BW; d1-5, or d6-10), Gefitinib (d1-5, or d6-10, or d1-10), and Gefitinib combined with CDDP groups. The inhibitory rate (IR) of tumor, net BW, spleen index (SI), thymus index (TI) and the amount of peripheral blood cells of mice were detected on the 12th experiment day. RESULTS: The growth of HCC in mice was inhibited by Gefitinib alone (IR: 41% in d1-10 group and 30% in d1-5 group, respectively) or CDDP alone (IR: 32-54% in d1-5 group or d6-10 group). The highest inhibitory effect (IR: 56%) on HCC growth was observed in Gefitinib (d1-10) combined with CDDP (d1-5) group. Higher inhibition was also observed in CDDP (d1-5) followed by Gefitinib (d6-10) group than that in Gefitinib (d1-5) followed by CDDP (d6-10) group (IR: 61% vs 36%, P<0.01) in the independent study. Net BW, SI, TI and the amount of blood cells of mice in Gefitinib alone group were not significantly different from those in control groups. CONCLUSION: Gefitinib can significantly inhibit the growth of murine H22 hepatocellular carcinoma. If Gefitinib is used after CDDP treatment in animal experiments, the inhibitory effect could be enhanced.展开更多
Purpose： A number of different clinical characteristics have been reported to singly correlate with therapeutic activity of epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR） tyrosine kinase inhibitors （TKIs） in advanced no...Purpose： A number of different clinical characteristics have been reported to singly correlate with therapeutic activity of epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR） tyrosine kinase inhibitors （TKIs） in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer （NSCLC）. This study aimed to identify predictive factors associated with prognostic benefits of gefitinib. Patients and methods： EGFR gene typing in 33 advanced NSCLC patients received gefitinib （250 mg/day） were analyzed with mutant-enriched PCR assay. Gefitinib response was evaluated with potential predictive factors retrospectively. Results： The overall objective response rate （ORR） and median progression-flee survival （PFS） in the 33 patients treated by gefitinib were 45.5% and 3.0 （2.0-4.0） months. The ORR and median PFS in EGFR gene mutation patients were significantly higher/longer than those in EGFR gene wild-type patients （P〈0.01）. Similarly, the ORR and median PFS in non-smoker patients were significantly higher/longer than those in smoker patients （P〈0.05, P〈0.01, respectively）. However, no difference for ORR and median PFS occurred between male and female patients. Logistic multivariate analysis showed that only EGFR mutated gene was significantly associated with the ORR （P〈0.01）. Both EGFR mutated gene and non-smoker were the major factors that contributed to PFS （P〈0.05）. Conclusions： EGFR mutated gene and non-smoker status are potential predictors for gefitinib response in NSCLC patients.展开更多
Erlotinib and gefitinib are among the most widely researched, used and available molecularly targeted therapies for treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). They are both tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKI...Erlotinib and gefitinib are among the most widely researched, used and available molecularly targeted therapies for treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). They are both tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs) of the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR). In the past decade, there have been reports on clinical benefit from use of erlotinib after gefitinib failure in NSCLC patients. A review of published literature on this focussed topic is provided herein. Pooled analysis of published literature shows that majority of patients were female(60.6%), non-smokers(64.5%), had adenocarcinoma histology(88.3%) and were of East Asian ethnicity(92.3%). Presence of sensitizing EGFR mutation was detected in 48.4% of subjects. Disease control rates with prior gefitinib therapy and with subsequent erlotinib treatment were 79.4% and 45.4% respectively. Based upon our review, the most important predictive factor for clinical benefit from erlotinib identified was previous response to gefitinib. The exact explanations for the potential benefit from erlotinib use in this patient population is still not known and further studies are required to determine the role of molecular mechanismsespecially those related to resistance to initial EGFR TKI therapy.展开更多
Objective:The novel compound GCJ-490A has been discovered as a pan-histone deacetylase(HDAC)inhibitor that exerts potent inhibitory activity against HDAC1,HDAC3,and HDAC6.Because of the important roles of HDACs in lun...Objective:The novel compound GCJ-490A has been discovered as a pan-histone deacetylase(HDAC)inhibitor that exerts potent inhibitory activity against HDAC1,HDAC3,and HDAC6.Because of the important roles of HDACs in lung cancer development and the high distribution of GCJ-490A in lung tissue,we explored the anti-tumor potency of GCJ-490A against non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)in vitro and in vivo in this study.Methods:The in vitro effects of GCJ-490A alone or combined with the EGFR inhibitor gefitinib against NSCLC were measured with proliferation,apoptosis,and colony formation assays.NSCLC xenograft models were used to investigate the efficacy of GCJ-490A combined with gefitinib for the treatment of NSCLC in vivo.Western blot assays,luciferase reporter assays,chromatin immunoprecipitation assays,quantitative real time-PCR,immunohistochemistry,and transcription factor activity assays were used to elucidate possible mechanisms.Results:GCJ-490A effectively inhibited NSCLC cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo.Interestingly,inhibition of HDAC1 and HDAC6 by GCJ-490A increased histone acetylation at the IKKαpromoter and enhanced IKKαtranscription,thus decreasing c-Met.Moreover,this c-Met downregulation was found to be essential for the synergistic anti-tumor activity of GCJ-490A and gefitinib.Conclusions:These findings highlight the promising potential of HDAC inhibitors in NSCLC treatment and provide a rational basis for the application of HDAC inhibitors in combination with EGFR inhibitors in clinical trials.展开更多
Background： Epidermal growth factor receptor（EGFR） mutation is the key predictor of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors（TKIs） efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer（NSCLC）. We conducted this study to verify the fea...Background： Epidermal growth factor receptor（EGFR） mutation is the key predictor of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors（TKIs） efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer（NSCLC）. We conducted this study to verify the feasibility of EGFR mutation analysis in cytological specimens and investigate the responsiveness to gefitinib treatment in patients carrying EGFR mutations.Methods： A total of 210 cytological specimens were collected for EGFR mutation detection by both direct sequencing and amplification refractory mutation system（ARMS）. We analyzed EGFR mutation status by both methods and evaluated the responsiveness to gefitinib treatment in patients harboring EGFR mutations by overall response rate（ORR）, disease control rate（DCR） and progression free survival（PFS）.Results： Of all patients, EGFR mutation rate was 28.6%（60/210） by direct sequencing and 45.2%（95/210） by ARMS（P〈0.001） respectively. Among the EGFR wild type patients tested by direct sequencing, 26.7% of them were positive by ARMS. For the 72 EGFR mutation positive patients treated with gefitinib, the ORR, DCR and median PFS were 69.4%, 90.2% and 9.3 months respectively. The patients whose EGFR mutation status was negative by direct sequencing but positive by ARMS had lower ORR（48.0% vs. 80.9%, P=0.004） and shorter median PFS（7.4 vs. 10.5 months, P=0.009） as compared with that of EGFR mutation positive patients by both detection methods. Conclusions： Our study verified the feasibility of EGFR analysis in cytological specimens in advanced NSCLC. ARMS is more sensitive than direct sequencing in EGFR mutation detection. EGFR Mutation status tested on cytological samples is applicable for predicting the response to gefitinib. Abundance of EGFR mutations might have an influence on TKIs efficacy.展开更多
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Research Project of Sichuan Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,No.2021MS164Scientific research project of Sichuan Medical Association,No.S21012。
文摘BACKGROUND Lung invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma(LIMA),formerly referred to as mucinous bronchioloalveolar carcinoma,is a rare disease that usually presents as bilateral lung infiltration,is unsuitable for surgery and radiotherapy,and shows poor response to conventional chemotherapy.CASE SUMMARY We report a 56-year-old Chinese man with a history of smoking and epidermal growth factor receptor mutation-positivity who was initially misdiagnosed as severe pneumonia,but was ultimately diagnosed as a case of invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma of the lung by computed tomography-guided percutaneous lung biopsy.Bronchorrhea and dyspnea were improved within 24 h after initiation of gefitinib therapy and the radiographic signs of bilateral lung consolidation showed visible improvement within 30 d.After more than 11 months of treatment,there is no evidence of recurrence or severe adverse events.CONCLUSION Although the precise mechanism of the antitumor effects of gefitinib are not clear,our experience indicates an important role of the drug in LIMA and provides a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
文摘AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect of gefitinib combined with cytotoxic agent cisplatin (CDDP) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: Female Kunming mice and H22 hepatocarcinoma cells were used. Gefitinib at daily dose of 100 mg/kg body weight (BW) or lecithin liquid was given by gastrogavage once a day for 5 or 10 successive days. CDDP or normal saline (NS) was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) once a day for 5 successive days. Mice were randomly divided into control group (lecithin, or NS, i.p.), CDDP group (daily dose, 1.2 mg/kg BW; d1-5, or d6-10), Gefitinib (d1-5, or d6-10, or d1-10), and Gefitinib combined with CDDP groups. The inhibitory rate (IR) of tumor, net BW, spleen index (SI), thymus index (TI) and the amount of peripheral blood cells of mice were detected on the 12th experiment day. RESULTS: The growth of HCC in mice was inhibited by Gefitinib alone (IR: 41% in d1-10 group and 30% in d1-5 group, respectively) or CDDP alone (IR: 32-54% in d1-5 group or d6-10 group). The highest inhibitory effect (IR: 56%) on HCC growth was observed in Gefitinib (d1-10) combined with CDDP (d1-5) group. Higher inhibition was also observed in CDDP (d1-5) followed by Gefitinib (d6-10) group than that in Gefitinib (d1-5) followed by CDDP (d6-10) group (IR: 61% vs 36%, P<0.01) in the independent study. Net BW, SI, TI and the amount of blood cells of mice in Gefitinib alone group were not significantly different from those in control groups. CONCLUSION: Gefitinib can significantly inhibit the growth of murine H22 hepatocellular carcinoma. If Gefitinib is used after CDDP treatment in animal experiments, the inhibitory effect could be enhanced.
文摘Purpose： A number of different clinical characteristics have been reported to singly correlate with therapeutic activity of epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR） tyrosine kinase inhibitors （TKIs） in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer （NSCLC）. This study aimed to identify predictive factors associated with prognostic benefits of gefitinib. Patients and methods： EGFR gene typing in 33 advanced NSCLC patients received gefitinib （250 mg/day） were analyzed with mutant-enriched PCR assay. Gefitinib response was evaluated with potential predictive factors retrospectively. Results： The overall objective response rate （ORR） and median progression-flee survival （PFS） in the 33 patients treated by gefitinib were 45.5% and 3.0 （2.0-4.0） months. The ORR and median PFS in EGFR gene mutation patients were significantly higher/longer than those in EGFR gene wild-type patients （P〈0.01）. Similarly, the ORR and median PFS in non-smoker patients were significantly higher/longer than those in smoker patients （P〈0.05, P〈0.01, respectively）. However, no difference for ORR and median PFS occurred between male and female patients. Logistic multivariate analysis showed that only EGFR mutated gene was significantly associated with the ORR （P〈0.01）. Both EGFR mutated gene and non-smoker were the major factors that contributed to PFS （P〈0.05）. Conclusions： EGFR mutated gene and non-smoker status are potential predictors for gefitinib response in NSCLC patients.
文摘Erlotinib and gefitinib are among the most widely researched, used and available molecularly targeted therapies for treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). They are both tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs) of the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR). In the past decade, there have been reports on clinical benefit from use of erlotinib after gefitinib failure in NSCLC patients. A review of published literature on this focussed topic is provided herein. Pooled analysis of published literature shows that majority of patients were female(60.6%), non-smokers(64.5%), had adenocarcinoma histology(88.3%) and were of East Asian ethnicity(92.3%). Presence of sensitizing EGFR mutation was detected in 48.4% of subjects. Disease control rates with prior gefitinib therapy and with subsequent erlotinib treatment were 79.4% and 45.4% respectively. Based upon our review, the most important predictive factor for clinical benefit from erlotinib identified was previous response to gefitinib. The exact explanations for the potential benefit from erlotinib use in this patient population is still not known and further studies are required to determine the role of molecular mechanismsespecially those related to resistance to initial EGFR TKI therapy.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.81773763 and 81521005).
文摘Objective:The novel compound GCJ-490A has been discovered as a pan-histone deacetylase(HDAC)inhibitor that exerts potent inhibitory activity against HDAC1,HDAC3,and HDAC6.Because of the important roles of HDACs in lung cancer development and the high distribution of GCJ-490A in lung tissue,we explored the anti-tumor potency of GCJ-490A against non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)in vitro and in vivo in this study.Methods:The in vitro effects of GCJ-490A alone or combined with the EGFR inhibitor gefitinib against NSCLC were measured with proliferation,apoptosis,and colony formation assays.NSCLC xenograft models were used to investigate the efficacy of GCJ-490A combined with gefitinib for the treatment of NSCLC in vivo.Western blot assays,luciferase reporter assays,chromatin immunoprecipitation assays,quantitative real time-PCR,immunohistochemistry,and transcription factor activity assays were used to elucidate possible mechanisms.Results:GCJ-490A effectively inhibited NSCLC cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo.Interestingly,inhibition of HDAC1 and HDAC6 by GCJ-490A increased histone acetylation at the IKKαpromoter and enhanced IKKαtranscription,thus decreasing c-Met.Moreover,this c-Met downregulation was found to be essential for the synergistic anti-tumor activity of GCJ-490A and gefitinib.Conclusions:These findings highlight the promising potential of HDAC inhibitors in NSCLC treatment and provide a rational basis for the application of HDAC inhibitors in combination with EGFR inhibitors in clinical trials.
文摘Background： Epidermal growth factor receptor（EGFR） mutation is the key predictor of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors（TKIs） efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer（NSCLC）. We conducted this study to verify the feasibility of EGFR mutation analysis in cytological specimens and investigate the responsiveness to gefitinib treatment in patients carrying EGFR mutations.Methods： A total of 210 cytological specimens were collected for EGFR mutation detection by both direct sequencing and amplification refractory mutation system（ARMS）. We analyzed EGFR mutation status by both methods and evaluated the responsiveness to gefitinib treatment in patients harboring EGFR mutations by overall response rate（ORR）, disease control rate（DCR） and progression free survival（PFS）.Results： Of all patients, EGFR mutation rate was 28.6%（60/210） by direct sequencing and 45.2%（95/210） by ARMS（P〈0.001） respectively. Among the EGFR wild type patients tested by direct sequencing, 26.7% of them were positive by ARMS. For the 72 EGFR mutation positive patients treated with gefitinib, the ORR, DCR and median PFS were 69.4%, 90.2% and 9.3 months respectively. The patients whose EGFR mutation status was negative by direct sequencing but positive by ARMS had lower ORR（48.0% vs. 80.9%, P=0.004） and shorter median PFS（7.4 vs. 10.5 months, P=0.009） as compared with that of EGFR mutation positive patients by both detection methods. Conclusions： Our study verified the feasibility of EGFR analysis in cytological specimens in advanced NSCLC. ARMS is more sensitive than direct sequencing in EGFR mutation detection. EGFR Mutation status tested on cytological samples is applicable for predicting the response to gefitinib. Abundance of EGFR mutations might have an influence on TKIs efficacy.
