Shade tolerance is essential for soybeans in inter/relay cropping systems.A genome-wide association study(GWAS)integrated with transcriptome sequencing was performed to identify genes and construct a genetic network g...Shade tolerance is essential for soybeans in inter/relay cropping systems.A genome-wide association study(GWAS)integrated with transcriptome sequencing was performed to identify genes and construct a genetic network governing the trait in a set of recombinant inbred lines derived from two soybean parents with contrasting shade tolerance.An improved GWAS procedure,restricted two-stage multi-locus genome-wide association study based on gene/allele sequence markers(GASM-RTM-GWAS),identified 140 genes and their alleles associated with shade-tolerance index(STI),146 with relative pith cell length(RCL),and nine with both.Annotation of these genes by biological categories allowed the construction of a protein–protein interaction network by 187 genes,of which half were differentially expressed under shading and non-shading conditions as well as at different growth stages.From the identified genes,three ones jointly identified for both traits by both GWAS and transcriptome and two genes with maximum links were chosen as beginners for entrance into the network.Altogether,both STI and RCL gene systems worked for shade-tolerance with genes interacted each other,this confirmed that shadetolerance is regulated by more than single group of interacted genes,involving multiple biological functions as a gene network.展开更多
CRISPR/Cas,as a simple,versatile,robust and cost-effective system for genome manipulation,has dominated the genome editing field over the past few years.The application of CRISPR/Cas in crop improvement is particularl...CRISPR/Cas,as a simple,versatile,robust and cost-effective system for genome manipulation,has dominated the genome editing field over the past few years.The application of CRISPR/Cas in crop improvement is particularly important in the context of global climate change,as well as diverse agricultural,environmental and ecological challenges.Various CRISPR/Cas toolboxes have been developed and allow for targeted mutagenesis at specific genome loci,transcriptome regulation and epigenome editing,base editing,and precise targeted gene/allele replacement or tagging in plants.In particular,precise replacement of an existing allele with an elite allele in a commercial variety through homology-directed repair(HDR)is a holy grail in genome editing for crop improvement as it has been very difficult,laborious and time-consuming to introgress the elite alleles into commercial varieties without any linkage drag from parental lines within a few generations in crop breeding practice.However,it still remains very challenging in crop plants.This review intends to provide an informative summary of the latest development and breakthroughs in gene replacement using CRISPR/Cas technology,with a focus on achievements,potential mechanisms and future perspectives in plant biological science as well as crop improvement.展开更多
基金This work was financially supported by the grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF1001204,2021YFD1201602)the MOE 111 Project(B08025)+2 种基金the MOA CARS-04 program,the Program of Jiangsu province(JBGS-2021-014)the Guangxi Scientific Research and Technology Development Plan(14125008-2-16)the Guidance Foundation of Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University(NAUSY-ZZ02,NAUSY-MS05).
文摘Shade tolerance is essential for soybeans in inter/relay cropping systems.A genome-wide association study(GWAS)integrated with transcriptome sequencing was performed to identify genes and construct a genetic network governing the trait in a set of recombinant inbred lines derived from two soybean parents with contrasting shade tolerance.An improved GWAS procedure,restricted two-stage multi-locus genome-wide association study based on gene/allele sequence markers(GASM-RTM-GWAS),identified 140 genes and their alleles associated with shade-tolerance index(STI),146 with relative pith cell length(RCL),and nine with both.Annotation of these genes by biological categories allowed the construction of a protein–protein interaction network by 187 genes,of which half were differentially expressed under shading and non-shading conditions as well as at different growth stages.From the identified genes,three ones jointly identified for both traits by both GWAS and transcriptome and two genes with maximum links were chosen as beginners for entrance into the network.Altogether,both STI and RCL gene systems worked for shade-tolerance with genes interacted each other,this confirmed that shadetolerance is regulated by more than single group of interacted genes,involving multiple biological functions as a gene network.
基金Some mentioned works in this review are partly funded by the Ministry of Agriculture of China(Grant nos.2019ZX08010001 and 2019ZX08010003)the Central Non-Profit Fundamental Research Funding supported by Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(S2018QY05).
文摘CRISPR/Cas,as a simple,versatile,robust and cost-effective system for genome manipulation,has dominated the genome editing field over the past few years.The application of CRISPR/Cas in crop improvement is particularly important in the context of global climate change,as well as diverse agricultural,environmental and ecological challenges.Various CRISPR/Cas toolboxes have been developed and allow for targeted mutagenesis at specific genome loci,transcriptome regulation and epigenome editing,base editing,and precise targeted gene/allele replacement or tagging in plants.In particular,precise replacement of an existing allele with an elite allele in a commercial variety through homology-directed repair(HDR)is a holy grail in genome editing for crop improvement as it has been very difficult,laborious and time-consuming to introgress the elite alleles into commercial varieties without any linkage drag from parental lines within a few generations in crop breeding practice.However,it still remains very challenging in crop plants.This review intends to provide an informative summary of the latest development and breakthroughs in gene replacement using CRISPR/Cas technology,with a focus on achievements,potential mechanisms and future perspectives in plant biological science as well as crop improvement.
