[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore the genetic evolution of Escherichia fergusonii in different countries and regions,and to clarify the genetic relationship of E.fergusonii in different countries and reg...[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore the genetic evolution of Escherichia fergusonii in different countries and regions,and to clarify the genetic relationship of E.fergusonii in different countries and regions.[Methods]Bioinformatics method and bacterial 16 S rRNA sequencing technology were used to sort out and prune 16 S rRNA genes isolated in laboratory and searched in NCBI database to construct a molecular evolutionary tree for analysis and comparison.[Results]The direction of evolution of E.fergusonii has broken through regions,and there was cross evolution among continents.The origin of E.fergusonii was the Asian continent,and its adaptability to arid climate was not strong.[Conclusions]This study revealed the genetic evolution laws of E.fergusonii in the spread and mutation of livestock and poultry diseases,and provides a theoretical reference for the prevention and treatment of the disease.展开更多
The origin of dolomite in Shahejie Formation shale of Jiyang Depression in eastern China were studied by means of petrologic identification, compositional analysis by X-ray diffraction, stable carbon and oxygen isotop...The origin of dolomite in Shahejie Formation shale of Jiyang Depression in eastern China were studied by means of petrologic identification, compositional analysis by X-ray diffraction, stable carbon and oxygen isotopic composition, and trace element and rare earth element analyses. The results show that the development of dolomite is limited in the lacustrine organic rich shale of Shahejie Formation in the study area. Three kinds of dolomite minerals can be identified: primary dolomite(D1), penecontemporaneous dolomite(D2), and ankerite(Ak). D1 has the structure of primary spherical dolomite, high magnesium and high calcium, with order degree of 0.3-0.5, and is characterized by the intracrystalline corrosion and coexistence of secondary enlargement along the outer edge. D2 has the characteristics of secondary enlargement, order degree of 0.5-0.7, high magnesium, high calcium and containing a little iron and manganese elements. Ak is characterized by high order degree of 0.7-0.9, rhombic crystal, high magnesium, high calcium and high iron. The micritic calcite belongs to primary origin on the basis of the carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions and the fractionation characteristics of rare earth elements. According to the oxygen isotopic fractionation equation between paragenetic dolomite and calcite, it is calculated that the formation temperature of dolomite in the shale is between 36.76-45.83 ℃, belonging to lacustrine low-temperature dolomite. Based on the maturation and growth mechanism of primary and penecontemporaneous dolomite crystals, a dolomite diagenetic sequence and the dolomitization process are proposed, which is corresponding to the diagenetic environment of Shahejie Formation shale in the study area.展开更多
It was showed that understanding of the diagenetic modifications and its associated products in the deeply to ultra-deeply buried tight sandstone reservoirs(DUDTSR)is great important for reservoir characterization and...It was showed that understanding of the diagenetic modifications and its associated products in the deeply to ultra-deeply buried tight sandstone reservoirs(DUDTSR)is great important for reservoir characterization and hydrocarbon prediction.However,the fine characterization of diagenetic evolution via geologic modelling in tight sandstones remains a great challenge as for complexity of lithology,temperature,pressure and formation fluid throughout the entire life cycle of tight sandstone reservoirs.To help get a comprehensive idea of the distribution of diagenetic processes on the formation of DUDTSR in the long geological period,type-I and type-II fine sections of diagenetic stage for clastic reservoirs were creatively proposed and its essence was illustrated using the Paleogene Huagang(EH)Formation in the southern Xihu Sag.Through combination of both quantitative and qualitative methods which began with current formation temperature,vitrinite analysis,illite and I/S mixed layers based on analytical testing of the EH Formation,(1)Paleotemperature(T),vitrinite reflectivity and smectite in mixed layer during burial processes were restored based on numerical analysis,(2)The accurate division of diagenetic evolution was identified from coarse to fine process using new model,(3)And finally the geological significance of fine division of the conventional diagenetic stage was illustrated for low-porosity and tight sandstone reservoirs.展开更多
The reservoir properties, diagenetic features and evolution of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation(Es) in the Nanpu sag, Bohai Bay Basin were analyzed based on mineralogical and petrological data, and the main controllin...The reservoir properties, diagenetic features and evolution of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation(Es) in the Nanpu sag, Bohai Bay Basin were analyzed based on mineralogical and petrological data, and the main controlling factors and formation mechanisms of medium to deep high-quality reservoir were revealed by multiple regression analysis. The results show that the sedimentary microfacies, rigid grains content, and dissolution process are the key factors controlling the formation of high-quality clastic reservoir in middle to deep depth in the Nanpu sag. The formation mechanisms of middle to deep sandstones of the Es in different structural belts differ widely in formation mechanism. The Es1(uppermost member of Es) sandstone reservoirs in the Nanpu No.3 structural belt is low porosity, moderate to high permeability reservoir in the mesodiagenesis A2 stage on the whole, and the formation of high-quality reservoirs is mainly attributed to strong compaction resistance ability primarily, and dissolution process secondarily. The Es3(third member of Es) sandstones in Gaoshangpu structural belt is classified as tight sandstones in the mesodiagenesis A1 stage, in which the development of favorable reservoirs is primarily controlled by dissolution. This study provides references for reservoir evaluation of deep clastic reservoirs and exploration deployment in the Bohai Bay rift basin. As there are high-quality reservoirs, it is believed that the deep clastic reservoirs in the eastern of China, such as Bohai Bay Basin still have significant exploration potential.展开更多
In order to explore the genetic evolution of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae(App) in different countries and clarify the relationships among different App in each region, the 16 S rRNA gene of App in the NCBI nucleoti...In order to explore the genetic evolution of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae(App) in different countries and clarify the relationships among different App in each region, the 16 S rRNA gene of App in the NCBI nucleotide database was analyzed and compared by the bioinformatics method. The phylogenetic tree was constructed after tailoring alignment. The results showed that a stable genetic phenomenon was indicated in the evolutionary process of App. The isolates derived from China were clustered and showed a high degree of conservation. They had a certain genetic relationship with the British and American strains, but had far relationship with the strains from Japan which was a neighboring country of China. The isolates from different countries in the Eurasian continent shared high homology. The isolates of the two regions originated from common ancestors.展开更多
Statistics and experiments indicate a correlation between cancer mortality and nitrite in drinking water. Nitrite is a reductant that can deprive a cell of oxygen;it is also an oxidant that can be a substrate in anaer...Statistics and experiments indicate a correlation between cancer mortality and nitrite in drinking water. Nitrite is a reductant that can deprive a cell of oxygen;it is also an oxidant that can be a substrate in anaerobic ammonium oxidation, the metabolic mode of the anammox bacteria. Eukaryote cells evolved through a fusion of anaerobic and aerobic bacteria. We postulate that an anammox bacterium sought refuge in a fusion with a membrane-bound cluster of aerobic bacteria. While the latter evolved into mitochondria organelles, the former became the nucleus of a prokaryote cell. Eventually, oxidative phosphorilation is the characteristic metabolic pathway of normal eukaryote cells, and we postulate that anammox is the protein-catabolism pathway for cancer cells. The metabolism consumes nitrite and explains thus the link between nitrite and cancer.展开更多
The Bayan Gol ophiolite fragment is a portion of the North Tianshan Early Carboniferous ophiolite belt. This ophiolite belt represents a geological record of an Early Carboniferous 'Red Sea type' ocean basin t...The Bayan Gol ophiolite fragment is a portion of the North Tianshan Early Carboniferous ophiolite belt. This ophiolite belt represents a geological record of an Early Carboniferous 'Red Sea type' ocean basin that was developed on the northem margin of the Tianshan Carboniferous-Permian rift system in northwestem China.The late Early Carboniferous Bayan Gol ophiolite suite was emplaced in an Early Carboniferous rift volcanosedimentary succession of shallow-marine to continental facies (Volcanics Unit). Ophiolific rocks in the Bayan Gol area comprise ultramafic rocks, gabbros with associated plagiogranite veins, diorite, diabase, pillow basalts and massive lavas.The Early Carboniferous rifting and the opening process of the North Tianshan ocean basin produced mmic magmas in composition of tholeiite and minor amounts of evolved magmas. Compositions of trace elements and Nd, Sr and Pb isotopes reveal the presence of two distinct mantle sources: (1) the Early Carboniferous rift mmic lavas from the Volcanics Unit were generated by a relatively low degree of partial melting of an asthenospheric OIB-type intraplate source; (2)younger (late Early Carboniferous, ～324.8 Ma ago) mafic lavas from the Ophiolite Unit were formed in a relatively depleted MORB-like mantle source, located in the uppermost asthenosphere and then gradually mixed with melts from the asthenospheric OIB-like mantle. A slight interaction between asthenosphere-derived magmas and lithospheric mantle took place during ascent to the surface. Subsequently, the most depleted mmic lavas of the ophiolite assemblage were contaminated by upper-crustal components (seawater or carbonate crust).展开更多
Petrographic analysis combined with various techniques, such as thin section identification, fluid inclusions, isotopic data, petro-physical property testing and oil testing results, was used to study diagenetic evolu...Petrographic analysis combined with various techniques, such as thin section identification, fluid inclusions, isotopic data, petro-physical property testing and oil testing results, was used to study diagenetic evolution and its effect on reservoir-quality of fan delta reservoirs of Es4s in the Bonan sag. The diagenesis is principally characterized by strong compaction, undercompaction, multi-phase of dissolution and cementation. Compaction played a more important role than cementation in destroying the primary porosity of the sandstones. The reservoirs have experienced complicated diagenetic environment evolution of "weak alkalineacid-alkalinity-acid-weak alkalinity" and two-stage of hydrocarbon filling. The diagenetic sequences are summarized as "early compaction/early pyrite/gypsum/calcite/dolomite cementation→feldspar dissolution/the first stage of quartz overgrowth → early hydrocarbon filling→quartz dissolution/anhydrite/Fe-carbonate cementation→Fe-carbonate dissolution/feldspar dissolution/ the second stage of quartz overgrowth→later hydrocarbon filling→later pyrite cementation. In the same diagenetic context, the diagenetic evolution processes that occurred in different sub/micro-facies during progressive burial have resulted in heterogeneous reservoir properties and oiliness. The braided channel reservoirs in fan delta plain are poorly sorted with high matrix contents. The physical properties decrease continually due to the principally strong compaction and weak dissolution. The present properties of braided channel reservoirs are extremely poor, which is evidenced by few oil layers developed in relatively shallow strata while dry layers entirely in deep. The reservoirs both in the underwater distributary channels and mouth bars are well sorted and have a strong ability to resist compaction. Abundant pores are developed in medium-deep strata because of modifications by two-stage of acidic dissolution and hydrocarbon filling. The present properties are relatively well both in the underwater distributary channels and mouth bars and plenty of oil layers are developed in different burial depth. The present reservoir properties both in interdistributary channel and pre-fan delta are poor caused by extensively cementation. Small amounts of oil layers, oil-water layers and oil-bearing layers are developed in relatively shallow strata while dry layers totally in deep.展开更多
The coat protein (CP) genes were cloned and sequenced from viral particles of 11 isolates of citrus tristeza virus (CTV) collected from wild citrus plants in China and 4 Chinese isolates from cultivated sweet orange a...The coat protein (CP) genes were cloned and sequenced from viral particles of 11 isolates of citrus tristeza virus (CTV) collected from wild citrus plants in China and 4 Chinese isolates from cultivated sweet orange and pummelo varieties, respectively. By analyzing and comparing the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of CP genes, the 11 wild CTV isolates were found over 92% identical with 4 Chinese CTV isolates and 21 exotic CTV isolates from cultivated citrus. From 91 to 100% of the CTV CP gene sequences in wild type citrus plants were generally well conserved. Genetic evolution analysis indicated that the GC% of the CP gene was less than AT%, and more transition were found in the CP genes than transversion with the transition/transversion ratio ranging from 6.3 to 7.0 among species. The substitution frequency was the highest at the third codon, followed by the first and second codon. The ratio of non-synonymous mutations (dN) to synonymous mutations (dS) was far lower than 1, suggesting that the CP gene might have experienced purifying selection in the evolution. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the 11 CTV isolates in Chinese wild type citrus belonged to different phylogenetic clusters, and shared higher homology and closer relationships with other cultivated citrus CTV isolates from different countries, which indicated complicated genetic relationships among the CTV isolates. In addition, CTV isolates with similar biological characteristics usually located into the same clusters. Therefore, the conclusion was drawn that pathogenicity was critical to evolution and origin of CTV.展开更多
To the problem that it is hard to determine the clustering number and the abnormal points by using the clustering validity function, an effective clustering partition model based on the genetic algorithm is built in t...To the problem that it is hard to determine the clustering number and the abnormal points by using the clustering validity function, an effective clustering partition model based on the genetic algorithm is built in this paper. The solution to the problem is formed by the combination of the clustering partition and the encoding samples, and the fitness function is defined by the distances among and within clusters. The clustering number and the samples in each cluster are determined and the abnormal points are distinguished by implementing the triple random crossover operator and the mutation. Based on the known sample data, the results of the novel method and the clustering validity function are compared. Numerical experiments are given and the results show that the novel method is more effective.展开更多
A total of 10 specimens of Alcyonacea corals were collected at depths ranging from 905 m to 1633 m by the manned submersible Shenhai Yongshi during two cruises in the South China Sea(SCS).Based on mitochondrial genomi...A total of 10 specimens of Alcyonacea corals were collected at depths ranging from 905 m to 1633 m by the manned submersible Shenhai Yongshi during two cruises in the South China Sea(SCS).Based on mitochondrial genomic characteristics,morphological examination,and sclerite scanning electron microscopy,the samples were categorized into four suborders(Calcaxonia,Holaxonia,Scleraxonia,and Stolonifera),and identified as 9 possible new cold-water coral species.Assessments of GC-skew dissimilarity,phylogenetic distance,and average nucleotide identity(ANI)revealed a slow evolutionary rate for the octocoral mitochondrial sequences.The nonsynonymous(Ka)to synonymous(Ks)substitution ratio(Ka/Ks)suggested that the 14 protein-coding genes(PCGs)were under purifying selection,likely due to specific deep-sea environmental pressures.Correlation analysis of the median Ka/Ks values of five gene families and environmental factors indicated that the genes encoding cytochrome b(cyt b)and DNA mismatch repair protein(mutS)may be influenced by environmental factors in the context of deep-sea species formation.This study highlights the slow evolutionary pace and adaptive mechanisms of deep-sea corals.展开更多
Based on the petrology,isotope geochemistry and fluid inclusions analysis,we established the evolutionary mode of the diagenetic fluid of dawsonite-bearing sandstone in the Jiyang Depression.Dawsonite-bearing sandston...Based on the petrology,isotope geochemistry and fluid inclusions analysis,we established the evolutionary mode of the diagenetic fluid of dawsonite-bearing sandstone in the Jiyang Depression.Dawsonite-bearing sandstone is characterized by double injection of CO_(2)and oil-gas in the Jiyang Depression that have experienced a relatively complex diagenetic fluid evolution process.The diagenetic sequence of secondary minerals involves secondary enlargement of quartz,kaolinite,first-stage calcite,dawsonite,second-stage calcite,ferrocalcite,dolomite and ankerite.Hydrocarbon charging in the dawsonite-bearing sandstone occurred at around 2.6–0 Myr.The CO_(2)charging event occurred during Dongying tectonism,forming the Pingfangwang CO_(2)gas reservoir,which provided an abundant carbon source for dawsonite precipitation.Carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of dawsonite demonstrate that CO_(2)forming the dawsonite was of an inorganic origin derived from the mantle,and that water mediating the proc-ess during dawsonite precipitation was sequestered brine with a fluid temperature of 82℃.The evolutionary sequence of the diagenetic fluid in the dawsonite-bearing sandstone was:alkaline syngenetic fluids,weak alkaline fluids during organic acid forma-tion,acidic fluids in the early stage of CO_(2)injection,alkaline fluids in the late stage of CO_(2)injection,and weak alkaline fluids during oil and gas charging.The mode indicates an increase in-HCO_(3)because of the CO_(2)injection,and the loss of Ca^(2+)and Mg^(2+)due to the precipitation of carbonate minerals.Therefore,the evolutionary mode of diagenetic fluids is in good agreement with high HCO_(3)^(-),low Ca^(2+)and low Mg^(2+)composition of the present formation water in the dawsonite-bearing sandstone.展开更多
The features of the unconformity,fault and tectonic inversion in the eastern Doseo Basin,Chad,were analyzed,and the genetic mechanisms and basin evolution were discussed using seismic and drilling data.The following r...The features of the unconformity,fault and tectonic inversion in the eastern Doseo Basin,Chad,were analyzed,and the genetic mechanisms and basin evolution were discussed using seismic and drilling data.The following results are obtained.First,four stratigraphic unconformities,i.e.basement(Tg),Mangara Group(T10),lower Upper Cretaceous(T5)and Cretaceous(T4),four faulting stages,i.e.Barremian extensional faults,Aptian–Coniacian strike-slip faults,Campanian strike-slip faults,and Eocene strike-slip faults,and two tectonic inversions,i.e.Santonian and end of Cretaceous,were developed in the Doseo Basin.Second,the Doseo Basin was an early failed intracontinental passive rift basin transformed by the strike-slip movement and tectonic inversion.The initial rifting between the African and South American plates induced the nearly N-S stretching of the Doseo Basin,giving rise to the formation of the embryonic Doseo rift basin.The nearly E-W strike-slip movement of Borogop(F1)in the western section of the Central African Shear Zone resulted in the gradual cease of the near north-south rifting and long-term strike-slip transformation,forming a dextral transtension fault system with inherited activity but gradually weakened in intensity(interrupted by two tectonic inversions).This fault system was composed of the main shear(F1),R-type shear(F2-F3)and P-type shear(F4-F5)faults,with the strike-slip associated faults as branches.The strike-slip movements of F1 in Cretaceous and Eocene were controlled by the dextral shear opening of the equatorial south Atlantic and rapid expanding of the Indian Ocean,respectively.The combined function of the strike-slip movement of F1 and the convergence between Africa and Eurasia made the Doseo Basin underwent the Santonian dextral transpressional inversion characterized by intensive folding deformation leading to the echelon NE-SW and NNE-SSW nose-shaped uplifts and unconformity(T5)on high parts of the uplifts.The convergence between Africa and Eurasia caused the intensive tectonic inversion of Doseo Basin at the end of Cretaceous manifesting as intensive uplift,denudation and folding deformation,forming the regional unconformity(T4)and superposing a nearly E-W structural configuration on the Santonian structures.Third,the Doseo Basin experienced four evolutional stages with the features of short rifting and long depression,i.e.Barremian rifting,Aptian rifting–depression transition,Albian–Late Cretaceous depression,and Cenozoic extinction,under the control of the tectonic movements between Africa and its peripheral plates.展开更多
The replacement of winter wheat varieties has contributed significantly to yield improvement worldwide,with remarkable progress in China.Drawing on two sets of data,production yield from the National Bureau of Statist...The replacement of winter wheat varieties has contributed significantly to yield improvement worldwide,with remarkable progress in China.Drawing on two sets of data,production yield from the National Bureau of Statistics of China and experimental yield from literature,this study aims to(1)illustrate the increasing patterns of production yield among different provinces from 1978 to 2018 in China,(2)explore the genetic gain in yield and yield relevant traits through the variety replacement based on experimental yield from 1937 to 2016 in China,and(3)compare the yield gap between experimental yield and production yield.The results show that both the production and experimental yields significantly increased along with the variety replacement.The national annual yield increase ratio for the production yield was 1.67%from 1978 to 2018,varying from 0.96%in Sichuan Province to 2.78%in Hebei Province;such ratio for the experimental yield was 1.13%from 1937 to 2016.The yield gap between experimental and production yields decreased from the 1970s to the 2010s.This study reveals significant increases in some yield components consequent to variety replacement,including thousand-grain weight,kernel number per spike,and grain number per square meter;however,no change is shown in spike number per square meter.The biomass and harvest index consistently and significantly increased,whereas the plant height decreased significantly.展开更多
Traditional transgenic detection methods require high test conditions and struggle to be both sensitive and efficient.In this study,a one-tube dual recombinase polymerase amplification(RPA)reaction system for CP4-EPSP...Traditional transgenic detection methods require high test conditions and struggle to be both sensitive and efficient.In this study,a one-tube dual recombinase polymerase amplification(RPA)reaction system for CP4-EPSPS and Cry1Ab/Ac was proposed and combined with a lateral flow immunochromatographic assay,named“Dual-RPA-LFD”,to visualize the dual detection of genetically modified(GM)crops.In which,the herbicide tolerance gene CP4-EPSPS and the insect resistance gene Cry1Ab/Ac were selected as targets taking into account the current status of the most widespread application of insect resistance and herbicide tolerance traits and their stacked traits.Gradient diluted plasmids,transgenic standards,and actual samples were used as templates to conduct sensitivity,specificity,and practicality assays,respectively.The constructed method achieved the visual detection of plasmid at levels as low as 100 copies,demonstrating its high sensitivity.In addition,good applicability to transgenic samples was observed,with no cross-interference between two test lines and no influence from other genes.In conclusion,this strategy achieved the expected purpose of simultaneous detection of the two popular targets in GM crops within 20 min at 37°C in a rapid,equipmentfree field manner,providing a new alternative for rapid screening for transgenic assays in the field.展开更多
The job shop scheduling problem is a classical combinatorial optimization challenge frequently encountered in manufacturing systems.It involves determining the optimal execution sequences for a set of jobs on various ...The job shop scheduling problem is a classical combinatorial optimization challenge frequently encountered in manufacturing systems.It involves determining the optimal execution sequences for a set of jobs on various machines to maximize production efficiency and meet multiple objectives.The Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm Ⅲ(NSGA-Ⅲ)is an effective approach for solving the multi-objective job shop scheduling problem.Nevertheless,it has some limitations in solving scheduling problems,including inadequate global search capability,susceptibility to premature convergence,and challenges in balancing convergence and diversity.To enhance its performance,this paper introduces a strengthened dominance relation NSGA-Ⅲ algorithm based on differential evolution(NSGA-Ⅲ-SD).By incorporating constrained differential evolution and simulated binary crossover genetic operators,this algorithm effectively improves NSGA-Ⅲ’s global search capability while mitigating pre-mature convergence issues.Furthermore,it introduces a reinforced dominance relation to address the trade-off between convergence and diversity in NSGA-Ⅲ.Additionally,effective encoding and decoding methods for discrete job shop scheduling are proposed,which can improve the overall performance of the algorithm without complex computation.To validate the algorithm’s effectiveness,NSGA-Ⅲ-SD is extensively compared with other advanced multi-objective optimization algorithms using 20 job shop scheduling test instances.The experimental results demonstrate that NSGA-Ⅲ-SD achieves better solution quality and diversity,proving its effectiveness in solving the multi-objective job shop scheduling problem.展开更多
Ce rebral palsy is a diagnostic term utilized to describe a group of permanent disorders affecting movement and posture.Patients with cerebral palsy are often only capable of limited activity,resulting from non-progre...Ce rebral palsy is a diagnostic term utilized to describe a group of permanent disorders affecting movement and posture.Patients with cerebral palsy are often only capable of limited activity,resulting from non-progressive disturbances in the fetal or neonatal brain.These disturbances severely impact the child’s daily life and impose a substantial economic burden on the family.Although cerebral palsy encompasses various brain injuries leading to similar clinical outcomes,the unde rstanding of its etiological pathways remains incomplete owing to its complexity and heterogeneity.This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on the genetic factors influencing cerebral palsy development.It is now widely acknowledged that genetic mutations and alterations play a pivotal role in cerebral palsy development,which can be further influenced by environmental fa ctors.Des pite continuous research endeavors,the underlying fa ctors contributing to cerebral palsy remain are still elusive.However,significant progress has been made in genetic research that has markedly enhanced our comprehension of the genetic factors underlying cerebral palsy development.Moreove r,these genetic factors have been categorized based on the identified gene mutations in patients through clinical genotyping,including thrombosis,angiogenesis,mitochondrial and oxidative phosphorylation function,neuronal migration,and cellular autophagy.Furthermore,exploring targeted genotypes holds potential for precision treatment.In conclusion,advancements in genetic research have substantially improved our understanding of the genetic causes underlying cerebral palsy.These breakthroughs have the potential to pave the way for new treatments and therapies,consequently shaping the future of cerebral palsy research and its clinical management.The investigation of cerebral palsy genetics holds the potential to significantly advance treatments and management strategies.By elucidating the underlying cellular mechanisms,we can develop to rgeted interventions to optimize outcomes.A continued collaboration between researchers and clinicians is imperative to comprehensively unravel the intricate genetic etiology of cerebral palsy.展开更多
Insertional mutation,phenotypic evaluation,and mutated gene cloning are widely used to clone genes from scratch.Exogenous genes can be integrated into the genome during non-homologous end joining(NHEJ)of the double-st...Insertional mutation,phenotypic evaluation,and mutated gene cloning are widely used to clone genes from scratch.Exogenous genes can be integrated into the genome during non-homologous end joining(NHEJ)of the double-strand breaks of DNA,causing insertional mutation.The random insertional mutant library constructed using this method has become a method of forward genetics for gene cloning.However,the establishment of a random insertional mutant library requires a high transformation efficiency of exogenous genes.Many microalgal species show a low transformation efficiency,making constructing random insertional mutant libraries difficult.In this study,we established a highly efficient transformation method for constructing a random insertional mutant library of Nannochloropsis oceanica,and tentatively tried to isolate its genes to prove the feasibility of the method.A gene that may control the growth rate and cell size was identified.This method will facilitate the genetic studies of N.oceanica,which should also be a reference for other microalgal species.展开更多
Deformable catalytic material with excellent flexible structure is a new type of catalyst that has been applied in various chemical reactions,especially electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).In recent year...Deformable catalytic material with excellent flexible structure is a new type of catalyst that has been applied in various chemical reactions,especially electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).In recent years,deformable catalysts for HER have made great progress and would become a research hotspot.The catalytic activities of deformable catalysts could be adjustable by the strain engineering and surface reconfiguration.The surface curvature of flexible catalytic materials is closely related to the electrocatalytic HER properties.Here,firstly,we systematically summarized self-adaptive catalytic performance of deformable catalysts and various micro–nanostructures evolution in catalytic HER process.Secondly,a series of strategies to design highly active catalysts based on the mechanical flexibility of lowdimensional nanomaterials were summarized.Last but not least,we presented the challenges and prospects of the study of flexible and deformable micro–nanostructures of electrocatalysts,which would further deepen the understanding of catalytic mechanisms of deformable HER catalyst.展开更多
To reduce the cost and increase the efficiency of plant genetic marker fingerprinting for variety discrimination,it is desirable to identify the optimal marker combinations.We describe a marker combination screening m...To reduce the cost and increase the efficiency of plant genetic marker fingerprinting for variety discrimination,it is desirable to identify the optimal marker combinations.We describe a marker combination screening model based on the genetic algorithm(GA)and implemented in a software tool,Loci Scan.Ratio-based variety discrimination power provided the largest optimization space among multiple fitness functions.Among GA parameters,an increase in population size and generation number enlarged optimization depth but also calculation workload.Exhaustive algorithm afforded the same optimization depth as GA but vastly increased calculation time.In comparison with two other software tools,Loci Scan accommodated missing data,reduced calculation time,and offered more fitness functions.In large datasets,the sample size of training data exerted the strongest influence on calculation time,whereas the marker size of training data showed no effect,and target marker number had limited effect on analysis speed.展开更多
基金National Undergraduate Innovation and Enterpreneurship Training Program(201810061047)。
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore the genetic evolution of Escherichia fergusonii in different countries and regions,and to clarify the genetic relationship of E.fergusonii in different countries and regions.[Methods]Bioinformatics method and bacterial 16 S rRNA sequencing technology were used to sort out and prune 16 S rRNA genes isolated in laboratory and searched in NCBI database to construct a molecular evolutionary tree for analysis and comparison.[Results]The direction of evolution of E.fergusonii has broken through regions,and there was cross evolution among continents.The origin of E.fergusonii was the Asian continent,and its adaptability to arid climate was not strong.[Conclusions]This study revealed the genetic evolution laws of E.fergusonii in the spread and mutation of livestock and poultry diseases,and provides a theoretical reference for the prevention and treatment of the disease.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42172153,41802172)Sinopec Key Laboratory Project(Grant No.KL21042)Shengli Oilfield Company Project(Grant No.YKS2101)。
文摘The origin of dolomite in Shahejie Formation shale of Jiyang Depression in eastern China were studied by means of petrologic identification, compositional analysis by X-ray diffraction, stable carbon and oxygen isotopic composition, and trace element and rare earth element analyses. The results show that the development of dolomite is limited in the lacustrine organic rich shale of Shahejie Formation in the study area. Three kinds of dolomite minerals can be identified: primary dolomite(D1), penecontemporaneous dolomite(D2), and ankerite(Ak). D1 has the structure of primary spherical dolomite, high magnesium and high calcium, with order degree of 0.3-0.5, and is characterized by the intracrystalline corrosion and coexistence of secondary enlargement along the outer edge. D2 has the characteristics of secondary enlargement, order degree of 0.5-0.7, high magnesium, high calcium and containing a little iron and manganese elements. Ak is characterized by high order degree of 0.7-0.9, rhombic crystal, high magnesium, high calcium and high iron. The micritic calcite belongs to primary origin on the basis of the carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions and the fractionation characteristics of rare earth elements. According to the oxygen isotopic fractionation equation between paragenetic dolomite and calcite, it is calculated that the formation temperature of dolomite in the shale is between 36.76-45.83 ℃, belonging to lacustrine low-temperature dolomite. Based on the maturation and growth mechanism of primary and penecontemporaneous dolomite crystals, a dolomite diagenetic sequence and the dolomitization process are proposed, which is corresponding to the diagenetic environment of Shahejie Formation shale in the study area.
基金Major Projects of National Science and Technology "Large Oil and Gas Fields and CBM Development" (Grant No.2016ZX05027-02–007)the National Natural Science Fund(Grant No.42072119)Open Foundation of Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources of Ministry of Education(China University of Geosciences)(Grant No.TPR-2021–08)。
文摘It was showed that understanding of the diagenetic modifications and its associated products in the deeply to ultra-deeply buried tight sandstone reservoirs(DUDTSR)is great important for reservoir characterization and hydrocarbon prediction.However,the fine characterization of diagenetic evolution via geologic modelling in tight sandstones remains a great challenge as for complexity of lithology,temperature,pressure and formation fluid throughout the entire life cycle of tight sandstone reservoirs.To help get a comprehensive idea of the distribution of diagenetic processes on the formation of DUDTSR in the long geological period,type-I and type-II fine sections of diagenetic stage for clastic reservoirs were creatively proposed and its essence was illustrated using the Paleogene Huagang(EH)Formation in the southern Xihu Sag.Through combination of both quantitative and qualitative methods which began with current formation temperature,vitrinite analysis,illite and I/S mixed layers based on analytical testing of the EH Formation,(1)Paleotemperature(T),vitrinite reflectivity and smectite in mixed layer during burial processes were restored based on numerical analysis,(2)The accurate division of diagenetic evolution was identified from coarse to fine process using new model,(3)And finally the geological significance of fine division of the conventional diagenetic stage was illustrated for low-porosity and tight sandstone reservoirs.
基金Supported by the China National Science and Technology Major Project (2016ZX05006-006)
文摘The reservoir properties, diagenetic features and evolution of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation(Es) in the Nanpu sag, Bohai Bay Basin were analyzed based on mineralogical and petrological data, and the main controlling factors and formation mechanisms of medium to deep high-quality reservoir were revealed by multiple regression analysis. The results show that the sedimentary microfacies, rigid grains content, and dissolution process are the key factors controlling the formation of high-quality clastic reservoir in middle to deep depth in the Nanpu sag. The formation mechanisms of middle to deep sandstones of the Es in different structural belts differ widely in formation mechanism. The Es1(uppermost member of Es) sandstone reservoirs in the Nanpu No.3 structural belt is low porosity, moderate to high permeability reservoir in the mesodiagenesis A2 stage on the whole, and the formation of high-quality reservoirs is mainly attributed to strong compaction resistance ability primarily, and dissolution process secondarily. The Es3(third member of Es) sandstones in Gaoshangpu structural belt is classified as tight sandstones in the mesodiagenesis A1 stage, in which the development of favorable reservoirs is primarily controlled by dissolution. This study provides references for reservoir evaluation of deep clastic reservoirs and exploration deployment in the Bohai Bay rift basin. As there are high-quality reservoirs, it is believed that the deep clastic reservoirs in the eastern of China, such as Bohai Bay Basin still have significant exploration potential.
基金Supported by Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,Ministry of EducationTianjin Natural Science Foundation(07JCYBJC16000)Key Technology Integration and Students' Comprehensive Ability Promotion Project of College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Tianjin Agricultural University(ZH004901)
文摘In order to explore the genetic evolution of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae(App) in different countries and clarify the relationships among different App in each region, the 16 S rRNA gene of App in the NCBI nucleotide database was analyzed and compared by the bioinformatics method. The phylogenetic tree was constructed after tailoring alignment. The results showed that a stable genetic phenomenon was indicated in the evolutionary process of App. The isolates derived from China were clustered and showed a high degree of conservation. They had a certain genetic relationship with the British and American strains, but had far relationship with the strains from Japan which was a neighboring country of China. The isolates from different countries in the Eurasian continent shared high homology. The isolates of the two regions originated from common ancestors.
文摘Statistics and experiments indicate a correlation between cancer mortality and nitrite in drinking water. Nitrite is a reductant that can deprive a cell of oxygen;it is also an oxidant that can be a substrate in anaerobic ammonium oxidation, the metabolic mode of the anammox bacteria. Eukaryote cells evolved through a fusion of anaerobic and aerobic bacteria. We postulate that an anammox bacterium sought refuge in a fusion with a membrane-bound cluster of aerobic bacteria. While the latter evolved into mitochondria organelles, the former became the nucleus of a prokaryote cell. Eventually, oxidative phosphorilation is the characteristic metabolic pathway of normal eukaryote cells, and we postulate that anammox is the protein-catabolism pathway for cancer cells. The metabolism consumes nitrite and explains thus the link between nitrite and cancer.
基金the Land and Resources Survey Project of China(Grant Nos.200113000022,200313000063) the National Namral Science Foundation of China fGrant No.40472044).
文摘The Bayan Gol ophiolite fragment is a portion of the North Tianshan Early Carboniferous ophiolite belt. This ophiolite belt represents a geological record of an Early Carboniferous 'Red Sea type' ocean basin that was developed on the northem margin of the Tianshan Carboniferous-Permian rift system in northwestem China.The late Early Carboniferous Bayan Gol ophiolite suite was emplaced in an Early Carboniferous rift volcanosedimentary succession of shallow-marine to continental facies (Volcanics Unit). Ophiolific rocks in the Bayan Gol area comprise ultramafic rocks, gabbros with associated plagiogranite veins, diorite, diabase, pillow basalts and massive lavas.The Early Carboniferous rifting and the opening process of the North Tianshan ocean basin produced mmic magmas in composition of tholeiite and minor amounts of evolved magmas. Compositions of trace elements and Nd, Sr and Pb isotopes reveal the presence of two distinct mantle sources: (1) the Early Carboniferous rift mmic lavas from the Volcanics Unit were generated by a relatively low degree of partial melting of an asthenospheric OIB-type intraplate source; (2)younger (late Early Carboniferous, ～324.8 Ma ago) mafic lavas from the Ophiolite Unit were formed in a relatively depleted MORB-like mantle source, located in the uppermost asthenosphere and then gradually mixed with melts from the asthenospheric OIB-like mantle. A slight interaction between asthenosphere-derived magmas and lithospheric mantle took place during ascent to the surface. Subsequently, the most depleted mmic lavas of the ophiolite assemblage were contaminated by upper-crustal components (seawater or carbonate crust).
基金Project(41102058)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2011ZX05006-003)supported by National Oil&Gas Major Project of China+1 种基金Project(U1262203)supported by Key Program for National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(LW140101A)for Excellent Doctoral Dissertation supported by China University of Petroleum,China
文摘Petrographic analysis combined with various techniques, such as thin section identification, fluid inclusions, isotopic data, petro-physical property testing and oil testing results, was used to study diagenetic evolution and its effect on reservoir-quality of fan delta reservoirs of Es4s in the Bonan sag. The diagenesis is principally characterized by strong compaction, undercompaction, multi-phase of dissolution and cementation. Compaction played a more important role than cementation in destroying the primary porosity of the sandstones. The reservoirs have experienced complicated diagenetic environment evolution of "weak alkalineacid-alkalinity-acid-weak alkalinity" and two-stage of hydrocarbon filling. The diagenetic sequences are summarized as "early compaction/early pyrite/gypsum/calcite/dolomite cementation→feldspar dissolution/the first stage of quartz overgrowth → early hydrocarbon filling→quartz dissolution/anhydrite/Fe-carbonate cementation→Fe-carbonate dissolution/feldspar dissolution/ the second stage of quartz overgrowth→later hydrocarbon filling→later pyrite cementation. In the same diagenetic context, the diagenetic evolution processes that occurred in different sub/micro-facies during progressive burial have resulted in heterogeneous reservoir properties and oiliness. The braided channel reservoirs in fan delta plain are poorly sorted with high matrix contents. The physical properties decrease continually due to the principally strong compaction and weak dissolution. The present properties of braided channel reservoirs are extremely poor, which is evidenced by few oil layers developed in relatively shallow strata while dry layers entirely in deep. The reservoirs both in the underwater distributary channels and mouth bars are well sorted and have a strong ability to resist compaction. Abundant pores are developed in medium-deep strata because of modifications by two-stage of acidic dissolution and hydrocarbon filling. The present properties are relatively well both in the underwater distributary channels and mouth bars and plenty of oil layers are developed in different burial depth. The present reservoir properties both in interdistributary channel and pre-fan delta are poor caused by extensively cementation. Small amounts of oil layers, oil-water layers and oil-bearing layers are developed in relatively shallow strata while dry layers totally in deep.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30900977)the Key Project 210111 of Chinese Ministry of Education and Natural Science Foundation Project of CQ CSTC (2009BB1310)
文摘The coat protein (CP) genes were cloned and sequenced from viral particles of 11 isolates of citrus tristeza virus (CTV) collected from wild citrus plants in China and 4 Chinese isolates from cultivated sweet orange and pummelo varieties, respectively. By analyzing and comparing the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of CP genes, the 11 wild CTV isolates were found over 92% identical with 4 Chinese CTV isolates and 21 exotic CTV isolates from cultivated citrus. From 91 to 100% of the CTV CP gene sequences in wild type citrus plants were generally well conserved. Genetic evolution analysis indicated that the GC% of the CP gene was less than AT%, and more transition were found in the CP genes than transversion with the transition/transversion ratio ranging from 6.3 to 7.0 among species. The substitution frequency was the highest at the third codon, followed by the first and second codon. The ratio of non-synonymous mutations (dN) to synonymous mutations (dS) was far lower than 1, suggesting that the CP gene might have experienced purifying selection in the evolution. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the 11 CTV isolates in Chinese wild type citrus belonged to different phylogenetic clusters, and shared higher homology and closer relationships with other cultivated citrus CTV isolates from different countries, which indicated complicated genetic relationships among the CTV isolates. In addition, CTV isolates with similar biological characteristics usually located into the same clusters. Therefore, the conclusion was drawn that pathogenicity was critical to evolution and origin of CTV.
文摘To the problem that it is hard to determine the clustering number and the abnormal points by using the clustering validity function, an effective clustering partition model based on the genetic algorithm is built in this paper. The solution to the problem is formed by the combination of the clustering partition and the encoding samples, and the fitness function is defined by the distances among and within clusters. The clustering number and the samples in each cluster are determined and the abnormal points are distinguished by implementing the triple random crossover operator and the mutation. Based on the known sample data, the results of the novel method and the clustering validity function are compared. Numerical experiments are given and the results show that the novel method is more effective.
基金supported by the Marine S&T Fund of Shandong Province for Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)(No.2022QNLM030004)Hainan Science and Technology Department(ZDKJ2019011)+2 种基金Open Project Fund of Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Polar Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of PRC(2022OPF02)State Key R&D Project(2021YFF0502500)Qingdao Postdoctoral Applied Research Project(JZ2223j06100)。
文摘A total of 10 specimens of Alcyonacea corals were collected at depths ranging from 905 m to 1633 m by the manned submersible Shenhai Yongshi during two cruises in the South China Sea(SCS).Based on mitochondrial genomic characteristics,morphological examination,and sclerite scanning electron microscopy,the samples were categorized into four suborders(Calcaxonia,Holaxonia,Scleraxonia,and Stolonifera),and identified as 9 possible new cold-water coral species.Assessments of GC-skew dissimilarity,phylogenetic distance,and average nucleotide identity(ANI)revealed a slow evolutionary rate for the octocoral mitochondrial sequences.The nonsynonymous(Ka)to synonymous(Ks)substitution ratio(Ka/Ks)suggested that the 14 protein-coding genes(PCGs)were under purifying selection,likely due to specific deep-sea environmental pressures.Correlation analysis of the median Ka/Ks values of five gene families and environmental factors indicated that the genes encoding cytochrome b(cyt b)and DNA mismatch repair protein(mutS)may be influenced by environmental factors in the context of deep-sea species formation.This study highlights the slow evolutionary pace and adaptive mechanisms of deep-sea corals.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42072130,41872152).
文摘Based on the petrology,isotope geochemistry and fluid inclusions analysis,we established the evolutionary mode of the diagenetic fluid of dawsonite-bearing sandstone in the Jiyang Depression.Dawsonite-bearing sandstone is characterized by double injection of CO_(2)and oil-gas in the Jiyang Depression that have experienced a relatively complex diagenetic fluid evolution process.The diagenetic sequence of secondary minerals involves secondary enlargement of quartz,kaolinite,first-stage calcite,dawsonite,second-stage calcite,ferrocalcite,dolomite and ankerite.Hydrocarbon charging in the dawsonite-bearing sandstone occurred at around 2.6–0 Myr.The CO_(2)charging event occurred during Dongying tectonism,forming the Pingfangwang CO_(2)gas reservoir,which provided an abundant carbon source for dawsonite precipitation.Carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of dawsonite demonstrate that CO_(2)forming the dawsonite was of an inorganic origin derived from the mantle,and that water mediating the proc-ess during dawsonite precipitation was sequestered brine with a fluid temperature of 82℃.The evolutionary sequence of the diagenetic fluid in the dawsonite-bearing sandstone was:alkaline syngenetic fluids,weak alkaline fluids during organic acid forma-tion,acidic fluids in the early stage of CO_(2)injection,alkaline fluids in the late stage of CO_(2)injection,and weak alkaline fluids during oil and gas charging.The mode indicates an increase in-HCO_(3)because of the CO_(2)injection,and the loss of Ca^(2+)and Mg^(2+)due to the precipitation of carbonate minerals.Therefore,the evolutionary mode of diagenetic fluids is in good agreement with high HCO_(3)^(-),low Ca^(2+)and low Mg^(2+)composition of the present formation water in the dawsonite-bearing sandstone.
基金Supported by the PetroChina Science and Technology Project(2021DJ3103)。
文摘The features of the unconformity,fault and tectonic inversion in the eastern Doseo Basin,Chad,were analyzed,and the genetic mechanisms and basin evolution were discussed using seismic and drilling data.The following results are obtained.First,four stratigraphic unconformities,i.e.basement(Tg),Mangara Group(T10),lower Upper Cretaceous(T5)and Cretaceous(T4),four faulting stages,i.e.Barremian extensional faults,Aptian–Coniacian strike-slip faults,Campanian strike-slip faults,and Eocene strike-slip faults,and two tectonic inversions,i.e.Santonian and end of Cretaceous,were developed in the Doseo Basin.Second,the Doseo Basin was an early failed intracontinental passive rift basin transformed by the strike-slip movement and tectonic inversion.The initial rifting between the African and South American plates induced the nearly N-S stretching of the Doseo Basin,giving rise to the formation of the embryonic Doseo rift basin.The nearly E-W strike-slip movement of Borogop(F1)in the western section of the Central African Shear Zone resulted in the gradual cease of the near north-south rifting and long-term strike-slip transformation,forming a dextral transtension fault system with inherited activity but gradually weakened in intensity(interrupted by two tectonic inversions).This fault system was composed of the main shear(F1),R-type shear(F2-F3)and P-type shear(F4-F5)faults,with the strike-slip associated faults as branches.The strike-slip movements of F1 in Cretaceous and Eocene were controlled by the dextral shear opening of the equatorial south Atlantic and rapid expanding of the Indian Ocean,respectively.The combined function of the strike-slip movement of F1 and the convergence between Africa and Eurasia made the Doseo Basin underwent the Santonian dextral transpressional inversion characterized by intensive folding deformation leading to the echelon NE-SW and NNE-SSW nose-shaped uplifts and unconformity(T5)on high parts of the uplifts.The convergence between Africa and Eurasia caused the intensive tectonic inversion of Doseo Basin at the end of Cretaceous manifesting as intensive uplift,denudation and folding deformation,forming the regional unconformity(T4)and superposing a nearly E-W structural configuration on the Santonian structures.Third,the Doseo Basin experienced four evolutional stages with the features of short rifting and long depression,i.e.Barremian rifting,Aptian rifting–depression transition,Albian–Late Cretaceous depression,and Cenozoic extinction,under the control of the tectonic movements between Africa and its peripheral plates.
基金This research was financially supported by the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi,China(2022JM-126)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52079132).
文摘The replacement of winter wheat varieties has contributed significantly to yield improvement worldwide,with remarkable progress in China.Drawing on two sets of data,production yield from the National Bureau of Statistics of China and experimental yield from literature,this study aims to(1)illustrate the increasing patterns of production yield among different provinces from 1978 to 2018 in China,(2)explore the genetic gain in yield and yield relevant traits through the variety replacement based on experimental yield from 1937 to 2016 in China,and(3)compare the yield gap between experimental yield and production yield.The results show that both the production and experimental yields significantly increased along with the variety replacement.The national annual yield increase ratio for the production yield was 1.67%from 1978 to 2018,varying from 0.96%in Sichuan Province to 2.78%in Hebei Province;such ratio for the experimental yield was 1.13%from 1937 to 2016.The yield gap between experimental and production yields decreased from the 1970s to the 2010s.This study reveals significant increases in some yield components consequent to variety replacement,including thousand-grain weight,kernel number per spike,and grain number per square meter;however,no change is shown in spike number per square meter.The biomass and harvest index consistently and significantly increased,whereas the plant height decreased significantly.
基金supported by the Scientific and Innovative Action Plan of Shanghai(21N31900800)Shanghai Rising-Star Program(23QB1403500)+4 种基金the Shanghai Sailing Program(20YF1443000)Shanghai Science and Technology Commission,the Belt and Road Project(20310750500)Talent Project of SAAS(2023-2025)Runup Plan of SAAS(ZP22211)the SAAS Program for Excellent Research Team(2022(B-16))。
文摘Traditional transgenic detection methods require high test conditions and struggle to be both sensitive and efficient.In this study,a one-tube dual recombinase polymerase amplification(RPA)reaction system for CP4-EPSPS and Cry1Ab/Ac was proposed and combined with a lateral flow immunochromatographic assay,named“Dual-RPA-LFD”,to visualize the dual detection of genetically modified(GM)crops.In which,the herbicide tolerance gene CP4-EPSPS and the insect resistance gene Cry1Ab/Ac were selected as targets taking into account the current status of the most widespread application of insect resistance and herbicide tolerance traits and their stacked traits.Gradient diluted plasmids,transgenic standards,and actual samples were used as templates to conduct sensitivity,specificity,and practicality assays,respectively.The constructed method achieved the visual detection of plasmid at levels as low as 100 copies,demonstrating its high sensitivity.In addition,good applicability to transgenic samples was observed,with no cross-interference between two test lines and no influence from other genes.In conclusion,this strategy achieved the expected purpose of simultaneous detection of the two popular targets in GM crops within 20 min at 37°C in a rapid,equipmentfree field manner,providing a new alternative for rapid screening for transgenic assays in the field.
基金in part supported by the Key Research and Development Project of Hubei Province(Nos.2020BAB1141,2023BAB094)the Key Project of Science and Technology Research ProgramofHubei Educational Committee(No.D20211402)+1 种基金the Teaching Research Project of Hubei University of Technology(No.XIAO2018001)the Project of Xiangyang Industrial Research Institute of Hubei University of Technology(No.XYYJ2022C04).
文摘The job shop scheduling problem is a classical combinatorial optimization challenge frequently encountered in manufacturing systems.It involves determining the optimal execution sequences for a set of jobs on various machines to maximize production efficiency and meet multiple objectives.The Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm Ⅲ(NSGA-Ⅲ)is an effective approach for solving the multi-objective job shop scheduling problem.Nevertheless,it has some limitations in solving scheduling problems,including inadequate global search capability,susceptibility to premature convergence,and challenges in balancing convergence and diversity.To enhance its performance,this paper introduces a strengthened dominance relation NSGA-Ⅲ algorithm based on differential evolution(NSGA-Ⅲ-SD).By incorporating constrained differential evolution and simulated binary crossover genetic operators,this algorithm effectively improves NSGA-Ⅲ’s global search capability while mitigating pre-mature convergence issues.Furthermore,it introduces a reinforced dominance relation to address the trade-off between convergence and diversity in NSGA-Ⅲ.Additionally,effective encoding and decoding methods for discrete job shop scheduling are proposed,which can improve the overall performance of the algorithm without complex computation.To validate the algorithm’s effectiveness,NSGA-Ⅲ-SD is extensively compared with other advanced multi-objective optimization algorithms using 20 job shop scheduling test instances.The experimental results demonstrate that NSGA-Ⅲ-SD achieves better solution quality and diversity,proving its effectiveness in solving the multi-objective job shop scheduling problem.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.U21A20347(to CZ)the National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2022YFC2704801(to CZ)+1 种基金the Henan Key Laboratory of Population Defects Prevention,No.ZD202103(to YX)the Department of Science and Technology of Henan Province of China,No.212102310221(to YX)。
文摘Ce rebral palsy is a diagnostic term utilized to describe a group of permanent disorders affecting movement and posture.Patients with cerebral palsy are often only capable of limited activity,resulting from non-progressive disturbances in the fetal or neonatal brain.These disturbances severely impact the child’s daily life and impose a substantial economic burden on the family.Although cerebral palsy encompasses various brain injuries leading to similar clinical outcomes,the unde rstanding of its etiological pathways remains incomplete owing to its complexity and heterogeneity.This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on the genetic factors influencing cerebral palsy development.It is now widely acknowledged that genetic mutations and alterations play a pivotal role in cerebral palsy development,which can be further influenced by environmental fa ctors.Des pite continuous research endeavors,the underlying fa ctors contributing to cerebral palsy remain are still elusive.However,significant progress has been made in genetic research that has markedly enhanced our comprehension of the genetic factors underlying cerebral palsy development.Moreove r,these genetic factors have been categorized based on the identified gene mutations in patients through clinical genotyping,including thrombosis,angiogenesis,mitochondrial and oxidative phosphorylation function,neuronal migration,and cellular autophagy.Furthermore,exploring targeted genotypes holds potential for precision treatment.In conclusion,advancements in genetic research have substantially improved our understanding of the genetic causes underlying cerebral palsy.These breakthroughs have the potential to pave the way for new treatments and therapies,consequently shaping the future of cerebral palsy research and its clinical management.The investigation of cerebral palsy genetics holds the potential to significantly advance treatments and management strategies.By elucidating the underlying cellular mechanisms,we can develop to rgeted interventions to optimize outcomes.A continued collaboration between researchers and clinicians is imperative to comprehensively unravel the intricate genetic etiology of cerebral palsy.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2018YFD0901506,2018YFD0900305)the Marine S&T Fund of Shandong Province for Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)(No.2018 SDKJ0406-3)。
文摘Insertional mutation,phenotypic evaluation,and mutated gene cloning are widely used to clone genes from scratch.Exogenous genes can be integrated into the genome during non-homologous end joining(NHEJ)of the double-strand breaks of DNA,causing insertional mutation.The random insertional mutant library constructed using this method has become a method of forward genetics for gene cloning.However,the establishment of a random insertional mutant library requires a high transformation efficiency of exogenous genes.Many microalgal species show a low transformation efficiency,making constructing random insertional mutant libraries difficult.In this study,we established a highly efficient transformation method for constructing a random insertional mutant library of Nannochloropsis oceanica,and tentatively tried to isolate its genes to prove the feasibility of the method.A gene that may control the growth rate and cell size was identified.This method will facilitate the genetic studies of N.oceanica,which should also be a reference for other microalgal species.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51902101 and 21875203)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(Nos.2021JJ40044 and 2023JJ50287)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20201381).
文摘Deformable catalytic material with excellent flexible structure is a new type of catalyst that has been applied in various chemical reactions,especially electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).In recent years,deformable catalysts for HER have made great progress and would become a research hotspot.The catalytic activities of deformable catalysts could be adjustable by the strain engineering and surface reconfiguration.The surface curvature of flexible catalytic materials is closely related to the electrocatalytic HER properties.Here,firstly,we systematically summarized self-adaptive catalytic performance of deformable catalysts and various micro–nanostructures evolution in catalytic HER process.Secondly,a series of strategies to design highly active catalysts based on the mechanical flexibility of lowdimensional nanomaterials were summarized.Last but not least,we presented the challenges and prospects of the study of flexible and deformable micro–nanostructures of electrocatalysts,which would further deepen the understanding of catalytic mechanisms of deformable HER catalyst.
基金supported by the Scientific and Technological Innovation 2030 Major Project(2022ZD04019)the Science and Technology Innovation Capacity Building Project of BAAFS(KJCX20230303)+1 种基金Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund(ZDYF2023XDNY077)the Beijing Scholars Program(BSP041)。
文摘To reduce the cost and increase the efficiency of plant genetic marker fingerprinting for variety discrimination,it is desirable to identify the optimal marker combinations.We describe a marker combination screening model based on the genetic algorithm(GA)and implemented in a software tool,Loci Scan.Ratio-based variety discrimination power provided the largest optimization space among multiple fitness functions.Among GA parameters,an increase in population size and generation number enlarged optimization depth but also calculation workload.Exhaustive algorithm afforded the same optimization depth as GA but vastly increased calculation time.In comparison with two other software tools,Loci Scan accommodated missing data,reduced calculation time,and offered more fitness functions.In large datasets,the sample size of training data exerted the strongest influence on calculation time,whereas the marker size of training data showed no effect,and target marker number had limited effect on analysis speed.
