Under the background of“artificial intelligence+X”,the development of landscape architecture industry ushers in new opportunities,and professional talents need to be updated to meet the social demand.This paper anal...Under the background of“artificial intelligence+X”,the development of landscape architecture industry ushers in new opportunities,and professional talents need to be updated to meet the social demand.This paper analyzes the cultivation demand of landscape architecture graduate students in the context of the new era,and identifies the problems by comparing the original professional graduate training mode.The new cultivation mode of graduate students in landscape architecture is proposed,including updating the target orientation of the discipline,optimizing the teaching system,building a“dualteacher”tutor team,and improving the“industry-university-research-utilization”integrated cultivation,so as to cultivate high-quality compound talents with disciplinary characteristics.展开更多
Graduate education is the main way to train high-level innovative talents,the basic layout to cope with the global talent competition,and the important cornerstone for implementing the innovation-driven development st...Graduate education is the main way to train high-level innovative talents,the basic layout to cope with the global talent competition,and the important cornerstone for implementing the innovation-driven development strategy and building an innovation-driven country.Therefore,graduate education is of great remarkably to the development of national education.As an important manifestation of graduate education,the quality of a graduate thesis should receive more attention.It is conducive to promoting the quality of graduates by supervising and examining the quality of the graduate thesis.For this purpose,this work is based on textmining,expert interviews,and questionnaire surveys to obtain the factors influencing the quality of a graduate thesis first.Then,through three rounds of expert consultation,a multidimensional evaluation indicator system for the graduate thesis quality is built.Furthermore,probabilistic linguistic termsets(PLTSs)are utilized to obtain the initial evaluation information and apply the stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis method to determine the weights of attributes.In the ensuing step,the novel multi-attribute border approximation area comparison based on the PLTS method is established.Finally,the proposed method is employed in a case study concerning the quality evaluation of a graduate thesis and the effectiveness of this approach is further illustrated.展开更多
How to cultivate and improve graduate students’innovation and practical abilities in software engineering through the curriculum and teaching mode reform is an important issue.In this paper,a research literacy-driven...How to cultivate and improve graduate students’innovation and practical abilities in software engineering through the curriculum and teaching mode reform is an important issue.In this paper,a research literacy-driven teaching mode is proposed.It assists in the reform of the curriculum system.Then,a curriculum system construction framework is proposed,which involves the integration of research literacy into classroom teaching content.It assists in the cultivation of research abilities of graduate students in software engineering.The effectiveness of the curriculum reform is demonstrated through questionnaire surveys and research outcomes of the project team.The results show that the methods explored in this paper can serve as valuable references for future course design and teaching practice in computer-related courses for graduates.展开更多
The employment quality of college graduates in China is a topic of widespread concern.This paper uses authoritative data sources,including the China Labor Statistics Yearbook,China Statistical Yearbook,and data from p...The employment quality of college graduates in China is a topic of widespread concern.This paper uses authoritative data sources,including the China Labor Statistics Yearbook,China Statistical Yearbook,and data from provincial statistical bureaus,to examine the employment quality of college graduates in different regions of China.Specifically,the paper explores three aspects:salary level,job intensity,and job stability.The research results indicate that undergraduate graduates experience lower job intensity than college counterparts.However,while North,East,and South China show high salary levels and job stability,issues such as high work intensity,high cost of living,and small living space exist.Therefore,this paper offers policy development recommendations to promote job market reform and improve employment quality.These recommendations aim to address the challenges faced by college graduates in various regions of China and to promote the stability of the country’s social and economic development.By examining the employment quality of college graduates in different regions of China,this paper provides valuable insights for scholars,policymakers,and practitioners.展开更多
Background: Transversal competences are included in the United Nations Organization 2030 Agenda for the formation of staff professional in higher education, having disciplinary and transversal skills to develop indivi...Background: Transversal competences are included in the United Nations Organization 2030 Agenda for the formation of staff professional in higher education, having disciplinary and transversal skills to develop individual, professional, social, and entrepreneurship at present time, creative individuals being able to solve social problems via collaboration. The aim was to evaluate the transversal competences developed by graduates, specialists in nursing with the accompaniment of clinic tutorship. Methods: Qualitative, phenomenological, and interpretative research. The informants were seven graduates from the Unique Program of Nursing Specialties (UPNS), from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), one participant from each knowledge field: Nursing in the Elderly, Public Health, Neurology, Physical and Sports Culture, Oncology, and two participants from Adult in Critical Condition. Information collection was through a focal group, and data analysis according to the principles of Souza Minayo. Signed informed consent was obtained previously. Results: Five categories with 24 sub-categories emerged. Category 1, Student’s perception on clinic tutorship specialty. Category 2, Competences promoted by clinic tutorship according to student’s experience. Category 3, Experiences about clinic tutorship planning. Category 4, Challenges faced by the student in the evaluation of clinic tutorship. Category 5, Opportunity fields in clinic tutorship from students’ experiences. Conclusion: Graduate students from the specialties describe transversal competences related with decision taking, collaborative work, and increase of population welfare, as well as generic disciplinary competences. The analogy of a social hinge between the clinic tutor and the student is highlighted, which allows to identify mobile and fixed components while the bolt that binds mentor with mentee is learning, by means of the accompaniment by an expert. .展开更多
Smart education is the future and development direction of higher education.Taking the graduate course Crime and Police Theory as the research subject,the shortcomings of smart education,which include the lack of unde...Smart education is the future and development direction of higher education.Taking the graduate course Crime and Police Theory as the research subject,the shortcomings of smart education,which include the lack of understanding of the concept of smart education,the limited content structure of smart education,the poor cognition of smart education among teachers and students,and inadequate hardware and technical support for smart education,are systematically analyzed.In view of these shortcomings,several strategies are proposed,including improving the smart education curriculum development plan and management level,ensuring the construction quality of smart education projects,and raising funds for smart education construction from various sources.展开更多
The ability to write effectively is becoming increasingly important, and instruction in writing is thus assuming an increasingly role in second language education, particularly the relationship between composition stu...The ability to write effectively is becoming increasingly important, and instruction in writing is thus assuming an increasingly role in second language education, particularly the relationship between composition studies and second language studies has come to attract significant attention. The purpose of this paper is to discuss issues on academic writing confronted by student writers at graduate level. The conclusion of this paper will present some possible solutions to these problems.展开更多
The professional practice is an important scientific research and practice compulsory part for full-time professional master.Sufficient and high-quality professional practice is a significant guarantee of quality of p...The professional practice is an important scientific research and practice compulsory part for full-time professional master.Sufficient and high-quality professional practice is a significant guarantee of quality of professional degree education.The graduate workstation based on enterprises has been explored and the professional and practical ability of postgraduate with major degree has been promoted.展开更多
Objectives:To explore the current admittance situation of clinical teachers for masters of nursing specialist(MNS)postgraduates and to test the competence of clinical teachers in self-evaluation and other evaluations....Objectives:To explore the current admittance situation of clinical teachers for masters of nursing specialist(MNS)postgraduates and to test the competence of clinical teachers in self-evaluation and other evaluations.Methods:In this cross-sectional study,using a random number table,we chose 80 MNS postgraduates under clinical practice,their clinical teachers,and head nurses each from six hospitals in Hunan and Guangdong.The participants were tested on the basis of the Clinical Teachers'Competence Inventory of MNS Postgraduates.The competences of clinical teachers were evaluated by the three groups of participants.Results:The aggregated scores of teacher competence as evaluated by the MNS postgraduates(181.33±24.95)were lower than those assigned by both clinical teachers(190.75±24.30)and their head nurses(198.53±18.90),with significant differences in all dimensions except for clinical managing ability.The five highest rated items from all participants focused on the teachers'clinical nursing ability,and the five lowest rated items were mainly about their clinical research ability.Conclusion:The evaluation from MNS postgraduates is obviously lower than the self-evaluation of clinical teachers,and all participants are aware of the deficiency in research ability of the teachers.Thus,the admittance and examination of clinical teachers should be controlled strictly.Training should be carried out immediately to strengthen their comprehensive abilities,especially their research ability.展开更多
AIM: To determine the accuracy of endoscopic polyp size measurements using disposable graduated biopsy forceps(DGBF). METHODS: Gradations accurate to 1 mm were assessed with the wire of disposable graduated biopsy for...AIM: To determine the accuracy of endoscopic polyp size measurements using disposable graduated biopsy forceps(DGBF). METHODS: Gradations accurate to 1 mm were assessed with the wire of disposable graduated biopsy forceps. When a polyp was noted, endoscopists determined the width of the polyp; then, the graduated biopsy forceps was inserted and the largest diameter of the tumor was measured. After excision, during surgery or endoscopy, the polyp was measured using the vernier caliper.RESULTS: One hundred and thirty-three colorectal polyps from 119 patients were studied. The mean diameter, by post-polypectomy measurement, was 0.92 ± 0.69 cm; 83 were < 1 cm, 36 were between 1 and 2 cm, and 14 were > 2 cm. The mean diameter, by visual estimation, was 1.15 ± 0.88 cm; compared to the actual size measured using vernier calipers, the difference was statistically significant. The mean diameter measured using the DGBF was 0.93 ± 0.68 cm; compared to the actual size measured using vernier calipers, this difference was not statistically significant. The ratio between the mean size estimated by visual estimation and the actual size was significantly different from that between the mean size estimated using the DGBF and the actual size(1.26 ± 0.30 vs 1.02 ± 0.11).CONCLUSION: The accuracy of polyp size estimation was low by visual assessment; however, it improved when the DGBF was used.展开更多
L.David Marquet,a decorated Navy Captain,transformed an under performing submarine crew by empowering his subordinates to be leaders and reach their full potential.He called this intent-based leadership(IBL).What woul...L.David Marquet,a decorated Navy Captain,transformed an under performing submarine crew by empowering his subordinates to be leaders and reach their full potential.He called this intent-based leadership(IBL).What would happen if Marquet’s model were implemented in Graduate Medical Education(GME)?In this letter to the editor,we summarize the potential of the IBL model in graduate medical education as opposed to the traditional leaderfollower method.IBL harnesses human productivity toward the shared goals of GME,which are patient care and trainee learning.This shift in mindset could lead both teachers and trainees to focus more on the real reason that we undertake GME and change behaviors for the better.We suggest that IBL can and should be adopted in GME and propose that both patients and providers will benefit from this action.展开更多
Background: The registered dietetic four-year degree educational structure has been intact since 1926. Master level nutrition programs exist in the U.S., but are not standardized or accredited unlike four-year degrees...Background: The registered dietetic four-year degree educational structure has been intact since 1926. Master level nutrition programs exist in the U.S., but are not standardized or accredited unlike four-year degrees. Academic requirements for nutrition graduate programs vary regionally across the nation. Objective: To 1) quantify and describe the availability of Master level nutrition programs regionally;and 2) examine the current M.A. and M.S. program requirements for a nutrition graduate degree in the U.S. Methods: Nutrition graduate programs (n = 201) were analyzed and compared by geographical region. Data were collected between August 2017 and May 2018. Inclusion criteria were defined as: nutrition graduate programs listed in the American Society of Nutrition (ASN) database that had a nutrition graduate program website. Descriptive statistical analysis measured evaluated variables. Results: A total of 201 nutrition graduate programs in the U.S. were identified. The title of the programs was categorized into 29 main themes. The most common nutrition graduate program title was a M.S. in Nutrition, 55 institutions (27.4%). A total of 181 institutions offered a M.S. with a required thesis, whereas 95 offered a M.S. with a non-thesis option, and only eight offered a M.A. Region 3-South offered the highest number of nutrition graduate programs (66), followed by region 2-Midwest with 49 programs, region 1-Northeast offered a total of 46 programs, and 37 programs were offered in region 4-West. Conclusion: In 2024, as part of the RD eligibility criteria, it will be required that students possess a master’s degree. To date, only one master’s program in the U.S. is accredited, which assures the student a measure of confidence of program rigor and accountability. Dietitians’ three major professional concerns: respect, recognition and rewards are predicated on rigorous educational programs that meet ACEND standards. It is unlikely that all U.S. master level programs will be accredited by 2024.展开更多
Purpose:To assess the culturing cognition and teaching of core capabilities of clinical advisers for masters degree level nursing graduate students in order to provide criteria for selecting and training clinical advi...Purpose:To assess the culturing cognition and teaching of core capabilities of clinical advisers for masters degree level nursing graduate students in order to provide criteria for selecting and training clinical advisers,and to monitor clinical teaching quality.Methods:A questionnaire was completed by 66 nursing specialty clinical advisers.The questionnaire was divided into three sections:basic condition,culturing cognition of the nursing specialty graduate students,and self-evaluation of teaching core capabilities as measured by the Clinical Nursing Teachers Core Capabilities Graphic Rating Scale.Results:Forty-five of the surveyed advisers served undergraduate level students(68.18%),and seven of them(10.61%)had experience advising graduate nursing students.The advisers,in general,had limited knowledge regarding guidance for nursing specialty graduate students.The self evaluation total score for core capabilities teaching was(120.557.37),containing professional capability(4.47±0.34),leadership capability(4.01±0.22),problem solving capability(3.89±0.30),and education teaching capability(3.65±0.23).The highest scored item was the capability to assess and handle a patients’condition(4.44±0.56),while the lowest scored item was the capability to do scientific research(3.29±0.89).Conclusion:Clinical advisers for nursing specialty graduate students in our survey were generally inexperienced with regarding to training and culturing nursing graduate students.These advisers were prepared for core teaching competency,but were not qualified to conduct scientific research.Based on these results,it would be beneficial to provide the clinical advisers more training on teaching cognition for graduate students and improve their competency to perform scientific research.展开更多
Purpose:To explore the feasibility of using graduate students as preceptors in the clinical education of medical nursing students.Methods:Five second-year graduate nursing students were recruited to participate in the...Purpose:To explore the feasibility of using graduate students as preceptors in the clinical education of medical nursing students.Methods:Five second-year graduate nursing students were recruited to participate in the clinical teaching of medical nursing for 38 undergraduates in the first semester of the 2010 e2011 academic year,divided into two groups.The first group first received clinical teaching in caring for respiratory diseases from graduate preceptors for six weeks followed by clinical teaching in caring for circulatory diseases from nurse preceptors for six weeks.The second group received clinical teaching in the reverse order,from the nurse preceptors followed by the graduate student preceptors.Following training,all students were examined with a written test and scores were compared.In addition,review meetings were held to evaluate the teaching outcomes.Results:No significant differences in test scores were observed between the two teaching groups.Undergraduate student feedback indicated that the training provided by the graduate students was satisfactory,and the medical nursing course leader was satisfied with the teaching outcome with a few exceptions.Conclusion:These data indicate that graduate students are capable of training undergraduates in medical nursing,although some areas can be improved.展开更多
Since the sustainable development has been widely acknowledged worldwide,the sustainable campus development based on low-carbon campus construction has already become a tendency of building resource-saving and environ...Since the sustainable development has been widely acknowledged worldwide,the sustainable campus development based on low-carbon campus construction has already become a tendency of building resource-saving and environment-friendly society.It is a hot and difficult topic in the current campus planning to measure,estimate and construct low-carbon campuses.This paper calculated the ecological footprint of traffic,water,energy and daily life on the campus of Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School,obtained the energy consumption of each item on campus and individual low-carbon activities using questionnaire survey and interview,compared the data with those of other domestic and foreign campuses.The results showed that(1) Ecological footprint of Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School in 2016 was 4,269 hm^2,and per capita ecological footprint was 1.49 hm^2;(2) Total carbon emission in 2016 was 13.4×107 kg,among which power generation and food produced the most carbon emission;(3) Students had strong awareness of low-carbon life,and the main obstacles for low-carbon life were "Hard to change living habits","Greedy vanity",and "No efficiency instruction";(4) In terms of the overall proportion,control of energy consumption is the main approach of reducing campus carbon emission,which is similar to other domestic and foreign campuses.The carbon emission of daily life in Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School was significantly higher than that of foreign campuses,while that of traffic was lower.Suggestions and improvement measures were put forward in view of the existing problems.展开更多
L.Introduction The topic of my speech today is"Contribution of the Neo-Confucianism to the Modern International Law:for its conception in Europe and for its acceptance in Japan."This is quite a challenging t...L.Introduction The topic of my speech today is"Contribution of the Neo-Confucianism to the Modern International Law:for its conception in Europe and for its acceptance in Japan."This is quite a challenging topic,since it is generally believed that the modern international law is exclusively a product of the European civilization based on the European philosophy;and that non-European nations including China and Japan accepted it as a wholly foreign legal system.展开更多
Introduction: Environmental health is a rapidly evolving field, and professionals working in this field have to deal with increasingly complex environmental and public health concerns. Consequently, their skill develo...Introduction: Environmental health is a rapidly evolving field, and professionals working in this field have to deal with increasingly complex environmental and public health concerns. Consequently, their skill development is a key component in ascertaining their abilities to match work requirements to the satisfaction of their employers. Training and education of these professionals requires involvement of the relevant stakeholders to apt their technical skills in preparation of the role to be undertaken. Thus, the universities and other institutions of higher learning, in their efforts to improve graduate output should understand the labor market. Additionally, due to constant transformation and reorganization of strategies and plans by practitioner organizations, employers’ perspective in assessing graduates’ abilities and performance is necessary. Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the employers’ perspectives on the graduates’ abilities to handle work demands. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study design involving employers and graduates of environmental health program of Moi University using mixed methods was carried out. Pretested semi structured paper questionnaires were administered to 45 employers, while online survey was carried out on 227 sampled graduates. In-depth interviews were further subjected to the graduates to corroborate issues raised. Quantitative data analysis was done using statistical package for social scientists (SPSS) version 20 where the data was summarized using frequencies and proportions. Qualitative data was thematically analyzed. Results: The overall employer assessment of the graduates’ abilities to handle work demands was satisfactory with 18 (46.1% 7 of the employers rating them as good). On self-assessment, 116 (61.7%) of the graduates reported not to have faced any skills competency challenge at their work place and only 57 (30.3%) reported adequacy in skills acquired during undergraduate training. From the in-depth interviews, the graduates applauded the current curriculum implementation strategy of Problem Based Learning (PBL) but faulted the infrastructural inadequacies for low competencies and inadequate skills. The in-depth interviews further revealed a picture of graduates struggling with skills’ mismatch in their job placement. Conclusion: The study revealed a good rating by employers on the graduates’ competency skills but a high proportion (69.7%) of graduates reported lack of adequate skills to match their work demands. Recommendations: Institutions of higher learning need to invest in infrastructural elements of curriculum implementation to boost more practical sessions for better skills’ acquisition that matches the industrial needs.展开更多
Many educational and trauma psychologists have studied the impacts that rape and sexual assault have on the well-being of undergraduate students.However,few have analyzed the traumatic impact such events have on stude...Many educational and trauma psychologists have studied the impacts that rape and sexual assault have on the well-being of undergraduate students.However,few have analyzed the traumatic impact such events have on students after their undergraduate careers.This work looks at how students respond immediately and the years following a rape situation as they encounter the academic demands of graduate level education.Based on a study I ran in the Shenandoah Valley region of Virginia,this work scrutinizes the academic achievement differences in these two groups.This analysis uses the constructs outlined by psychologists regarding the added academic expectations in graduate education and studies involving the responses undergraduate students have in the classroom after experiencing similar scenarios.This will show the huge lulling impact such trauma has on a graduate student.In so doing,this work illuminates the dramatic impact that trauma can have on a student’s mind and shows that no matter what level of higher education a student is encountering this trauma in,the effects on a student’s learning capacity are drastic.Moreover,this work outlines for educators the added challenges their students may face who are in similar situations.This article is dedicated to Dr.Paul Menzer and Dr.Kerry Cooke who proved to be the most understanding and caring educators I have experienced in my academic career.展开更多
The current research conducted a longitudinal study of new graduate nurses at 3 times-prior to their employment as nurses and 3 months and 1 year afterward. This study yielded 3 findings. 1) The mental health of new g...The current research conducted a longitudinal study of new graduate nurses at 3 times-prior to their employment as nurses and 3 months and 1 year afterward. This study yielded 3 findings. 1) The mental health of new graduate nurses significantly worsens 3 months after employment as a nurse and mental health 1 year after employment as a nurse was significantly worse than that before employment. 2) A sense of coherence (SOC) is the ability to cope with stressors, and the 3 components of SOC decreased significantly in the year after employment as a nurse. 3) The mental health of new graduate nurses was significantly affected by a low SOC and by previous diminishing of SOC. Findings suggested the importance of support to sustain and improve the mental health of new graduate nurses and the importance of approaches in the workplace to encourage the development of SOC.展开更多
基金University-level Graduate Education Reform Project of Yangtze University(YJY202329).
文摘Under the background of“artificial intelligence+X”,the development of landscape architecture industry ushers in new opportunities,and professional talents need to be updated to meet the social demand.This paper analyzes the cultivation demand of landscape architecture graduate students in the context of the new era,and identifies the problems by comparing the original professional graduate training mode.The new cultivation mode of graduate students in landscape architecture is proposed,including updating the target orientation of the discipline,optimizing the teaching system,building a“dualteacher”tutor team,and improving the“industry-university-research-utilization”integrated cultivation,so as to cultivate high-quality compound talents with disciplinary characteristics.
文摘Graduate education is the main way to train high-level innovative talents,the basic layout to cope with the global talent competition,and the important cornerstone for implementing the innovation-driven development strategy and building an innovation-driven country.Therefore,graduate education is of great remarkably to the development of national education.As an important manifestation of graduate education,the quality of a graduate thesis should receive more attention.It is conducive to promoting the quality of graduates by supervising and examining the quality of the graduate thesis.For this purpose,this work is based on textmining,expert interviews,and questionnaire surveys to obtain the factors influencing the quality of a graduate thesis first.Then,through three rounds of expert consultation,a multidimensional evaluation indicator system for the graduate thesis quality is built.Furthermore,probabilistic linguistic termsets(PLTSs)are utilized to obtain the initial evaluation information and apply the stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis method to determine the weights of attributes.In the ensuing step,the novel multi-attribute border approximation area comparison based on the PLTS method is established.Finally,the proposed method is employed in a case study concerning the quality evaluation of a graduate thesis and the effectiveness of this approach is further illustrated.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62102291)the Ministry ofEducation’s Industry School Cooperation Collaborative Education Project(220606008213849)the Opening Foundation of Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province for Clothing Information(N2022HBCI02)。
文摘How to cultivate and improve graduate students’innovation and practical abilities in software engineering through the curriculum and teaching mode reform is an important issue.In this paper,a research literacy-driven teaching mode is proposed.It assists in the reform of the curriculum system.Then,a curriculum system construction framework is proposed,which involves the integration of research literacy into classroom teaching content.It assists in the cultivation of research abilities of graduate students in software engineering.The effectiveness of the curriculum reform is demonstrated through questionnaire surveys and research outcomes of the project team.The results show that the methods explored in this paper can serve as valuable references for future course design and teaching practice in computer-related courses for graduates.
文摘The employment quality of college graduates in China is a topic of widespread concern.This paper uses authoritative data sources,including the China Labor Statistics Yearbook,China Statistical Yearbook,and data from provincial statistical bureaus,to examine the employment quality of college graduates in different regions of China.Specifically,the paper explores three aspects:salary level,job intensity,and job stability.The research results indicate that undergraduate graduates experience lower job intensity than college counterparts.However,while North,East,and South China show high salary levels and job stability,issues such as high work intensity,high cost of living,and small living space exist.Therefore,this paper offers policy development recommendations to promote job market reform and improve employment quality.These recommendations aim to address the challenges faced by college graduates in various regions of China and to promote the stability of the country’s social and economic development.By examining the employment quality of college graduates in different regions of China,this paper provides valuable insights for scholars,policymakers,and practitioners.
文摘Background: Transversal competences are included in the United Nations Organization 2030 Agenda for the formation of staff professional in higher education, having disciplinary and transversal skills to develop individual, professional, social, and entrepreneurship at present time, creative individuals being able to solve social problems via collaboration. The aim was to evaluate the transversal competences developed by graduates, specialists in nursing with the accompaniment of clinic tutorship. Methods: Qualitative, phenomenological, and interpretative research. The informants were seven graduates from the Unique Program of Nursing Specialties (UPNS), from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), one participant from each knowledge field: Nursing in the Elderly, Public Health, Neurology, Physical and Sports Culture, Oncology, and two participants from Adult in Critical Condition. Information collection was through a focal group, and data analysis according to the principles of Souza Minayo. Signed informed consent was obtained previously. Results: Five categories with 24 sub-categories emerged. Category 1, Student’s perception on clinic tutorship specialty. Category 2, Competences promoted by clinic tutorship according to student’s experience. Category 3, Experiences about clinic tutorship planning. Category 4, Challenges faced by the student in the evaluation of clinic tutorship. Category 5, Opportunity fields in clinic tutorship from students’ experiences. Conclusion: Graduate students from the specialties describe transversal competences related with decision taking, collaborative work, and increase of population welfare, as well as generic disciplinary competences. The analogy of a social hinge between the clinic tutor and the student is highlighted, which allows to identify mobile and fixed components while the bolt that binds mentor with mentee is learning, by means of the accompaniment by an expert. .
基金supported by the“Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province”(No.JGKT22_C053)and“Qinglan Project”for Jiangsu Province.
文摘Smart education is the future and development direction of higher education.Taking the graduate course Crime and Police Theory as the research subject,the shortcomings of smart education,which include the lack of understanding of the concept of smart education,the limited content structure of smart education,the poor cognition of smart education among teachers and students,and inadequate hardware and technical support for smart education,are systematically analyzed.In view of these shortcomings,several strategies are proposed,including improving the smart education curriculum development plan and management level,ensuring the construction quality of smart education projects,and raising funds for smart education construction from various sources.
文摘The ability to write effectively is becoming increasingly important, and instruction in writing is thus assuming an increasingly role in second language education, particularly the relationship between composition studies and second language studies has come to attract significant attention. The purpose of this paper is to discuss issues on academic writing confronted by student writers at graduate level. The conclusion of this paper will present some possible solutions to these problems.
基金funded by the Shandong province postgraduate educational innovation and plan projects.“A Research on the Implementation and Management in Professional Practice of the Full-time Professional Master”(serial number:SDYY16039)。
文摘The professional practice is an important scientific research and practice compulsory part for full-time professional master.Sufficient and high-quality professional practice is a significant guarantee of quality of professional degree education.The graduate workstation based on enterprises has been explored and the professional and practical ability of postgraduate with major degree has been promoted.
基金Postgraduates Research Innovation Project in Hunan Province(CX2016B484)
文摘Objectives:To explore the current admittance situation of clinical teachers for masters of nursing specialist(MNS)postgraduates and to test the competence of clinical teachers in self-evaluation and other evaluations.Methods:In this cross-sectional study,using a random number table,we chose 80 MNS postgraduates under clinical practice,their clinical teachers,and head nurses each from six hospitals in Hunan and Guangdong.The participants were tested on the basis of the Clinical Teachers'Competence Inventory of MNS Postgraduates.The competences of clinical teachers were evaluated by the three groups of participants.Results:The aggregated scores of teacher competence as evaluated by the MNS postgraduates(181.33±24.95)were lower than those assigned by both clinical teachers(190.75±24.30)and their head nurses(198.53±18.90),with significant differences in all dimensions except for clinical managing ability.The five highest rated items from all participants focused on the teachers'clinical nursing ability,and the five lowest rated items were mainly about their clinical research ability.Conclusion:The evaluation from MNS postgraduates is obviously lower than the self-evaluation of clinical teachers,and all participants are aware of the deficiency in research ability of the teachers.Thus,the admittance and examination of clinical teachers should be controlled strictly.Training should be carried out immediately to strengthen their comprehensive abilities,especially their research ability.
基金Supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China,No.3097383 and No.81273944grants from The Nanjing Medical Technology Development Project,No.NJYX201203
文摘AIM: To determine the accuracy of endoscopic polyp size measurements using disposable graduated biopsy forceps(DGBF). METHODS: Gradations accurate to 1 mm were assessed with the wire of disposable graduated biopsy forceps. When a polyp was noted, endoscopists determined the width of the polyp; then, the graduated biopsy forceps was inserted and the largest diameter of the tumor was measured. After excision, during surgery or endoscopy, the polyp was measured using the vernier caliper.RESULTS: One hundred and thirty-three colorectal polyps from 119 patients were studied. The mean diameter, by post-polypectomy measurement, was 0.92 ± 0.69 cm; 83 were < 1 cm, 36 were between 1 and 2 cm, and 14 were > 2 cm. The mean diameter, by visual estimation, was 1.15 ± 0.88 cm; compared to the actual size measured using vernier calipers, the difference was statistically significant. The mean diameter measured using the DGBF was 0.93 ± 0.68 cm; compared to the actual size measured using vernier calipers, this difference was not statistically significant. The ratio between the mean size estimated by visual estimation and the actual size was significantly different from that between the mean size estimated using the DGBF and the actual size(1.26 ± 0.30 vs 1.02 ± 0.11).CONCLUSION: The accuracy of polyp size estimation was low by visual assessment; however, it improved when the DGBF was used.
文摘L.David Marquet,a decorated Navy Captain,transformed an under performing submarine crew by empowering his subordinates to be leaders and reach their full potential.He called this intent-based leadership(IBL).What would happen if Marquet’s model were implemented in Graduate Medical Education(GME)?In this letter to the editor,we summarize the potential of the IBL model in graduate medical education as opposed to the traditional leaderfollower method.IBL harnesses human productivity toward the shared goals of GME,which are patient care and trainee learning.This shift in mindset could lead both teachers and trainees to focus more on the real reason that we undertake GME and change behaviors for the better.We suggest that IBL can and should be adopted in GME and propose that both patients and providers will benefit from this action.
文摘Background: The registered dietetic four-year degree educational structure has been intact since 1926. Master level nutrition programs exist in the U.S., but are not standardized or accredited unlike four-year degrees. Academic requirements for nutrition graduate programs vary regionally across the nation. Objective: To 1) quantify and describe the availability of Master level nutrition programs regionally;and 2) examine the current M.A. and M.S. program requirements for a nutrition graduate degree in the U.S. Methods: Nutrition graduate programs (n = 201) were analyzed and compared by geographical region. Data were collected between August 2017 and May 2018. Inclusion criteria were defined as: nutrition graduate programs listed in the American Society of Nutrition (ASN) database that had a nutrition graduate program website. Descriptive statistical analysis measured evaluated variables. Results: A total of 201 nutrition graduate programs in the U.S. were identified. The title of the programs was categorized into 29 main themes. The most common nutrition graduate program title was a M.S. in Nutrition, 55 institutions (27.4%). A total of 181 institutions offered a M.S. with a required thesis, whereas 95 offered a M.S. with a non-thesis option, and only eight offered a M.A. Region 3-South offered the highest number of nutrition graduate programs (66), followed by region 2-Midwest with 49 programs, region 1-Northeast offered a total of 46 programs, and 37 programs were offered in region 4-West. Conclusion: In 2024, as part of the RD eligibility criteria, it will be required that students possess a master’s degree. To date, only one master’s program in the U.S. is accredited, which assures the student a measure of confidence of program rigor and accountability. Dietitians’ three major professional concerns: respect, recognition and rewards are predicated on rigorous educational programs that meet ACEND standards. It is unlikely that all U.S. master level programs will be accredited by 2024.
文摘Purpose:To assess the culturing cognition and teaching of core capabilities of clinical advisers for masters degree level nursing graduate students in order to provide criteria for selecting and training clinical advisers,and to monitor clinical teaching quality.Methods:A questionnaire was completed by 66 nursing specialty clinical advisers.The questionnaire was divided into three sections:basic condition,culturing cognition of the nursing specialty graduate students,and self-evaluation of teaching core capabilities as measured by the Clinical Nursing Teachers Core Capabilities Graphic Rating Scale.Results:Forty-five of the surveyed advisers served undergraduate level students(68.18%),and seven of them(10.61%)had experience advising graduate nursing students.The advisers,in general,had limited knowledge regarding guidance for nursing specialty graduate students.The self evaluation total score for core capabilities teaching was(120.557.37),containing professional capability(4.47±0.34),leadership capability(4.01±0.22),problem solving capability(3.89±0.30),and education teaching capability(3.65±0.23).The highest scored item was the capability to assess and handle a patients’condition(4.44±0.56),while the lowest scored item was the capability to do scientific research(3.29±0.89).Conclusion:Clinical advisers for nursing specialty graduate students in our survey were generally inexperienced with regarding to training and culturing nursing graduate students.These advisers were prepared for core teaching competency,but were not qualified to conduct scientific research.Based on these results,it would be beneficial to provide the clinical advisers more training on teaching cognition for graduate students and improve their competency to perform scientific research.
基金funded by the Teaching Reform Project of Soochow University.
文摘Purpose:To explore the feasibility of using graduate students as preceptors in the clinical education of medical nursing students.Methods:Five second-year graduate nursing students were recruited to participate in the clinical teaching of medical nursing for 38 undergraduates in the first semester of the 2010 e2011 academic year,divided into two groups.The first group first received clinical teaching in caring for respiratory diseases from graduate preceptors for six weeks followed by clinical teaching in caring for circulatory diseases from nurse preceptors for six weeks.The second group received clinical teaching in the reverse order,from the nurse preceptors followed by the graduate student preceptors.Following training,all students were examined with a written test and scores were compared.In addition,review meetings were held to evaluate the teaching outcomes.Results:No significant differences in test scores were observed between the two teaching groups.Undergraduate student feedback indicated that the training provided by the graduate students was satisfactory,and the medical nursing course leader was satisfied with the teaching outcome with a few exceptions.Conclusion:These data indicate that graduate students are capable of training undergraduates in medical nursing,although some areas can be improved.
文摘Since the sustainable development has been widely acknowledged worldwide,the sustainable campus development based on low-carbon campus construction has already become a tendency of building resource-saving and environment-friendly society.It is a hot and difficult topic in the current campus planning to measure,estimate and construct low-carbon campuses.This paper calculated the ecological footprint of traffic,water,energy and daily life on the campus of Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School,obtained the energy consumption of each item on campus and individual low-carbon activities using questionnaire survey and interview,compared the data with those of other domestic and foreign campuses.The results showed that(1) Ecological footprint of Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School in 2016 was 4,269 hm^2,and per capita ecological footprint was 1.49 hm^2;(2) Total carbon emission in 2016 was 13.4×107 kg,among which power generation and food produced the most carbon emission;(3) Students had strong awareness of low-carbon life,and the main obstacles for low-carbon life were "Hard to change living habits","Greedy vanity",and "No efficiency instruction";(4) In terms of the overall proportion,control of energy consumption is the main approach of reducing campus carbon emission,which is similar to other domestic and foreign campuses.The carbon emission of daily life in Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School was significantly higher than that of foreign campuses,while that of traffic was lower.Suggestions and improvement measures were put forward in view of the existing problems.
文摘L.Introduction The topic of my speech today is"Contribution of the Neo-Confucianism to the Modern International Law:for its conception in Europe and for its acceptance in Japan."This is quite a challenging topic,since it is generally believed that the modern international law is exclusively a product of the European civilization based on the European philosophy;and that non-European nations including China and Japan accepted it as a wholly foreign legal system.
文摘Introduction: Environmental health is a rapidly evolving field, and professionals working in this field have to deal with increasingly complex environmental and public health concerns. Consequently, their skill development is a key component in ascertaining their abilities to match work requirements to the satisfaction of their employers. Training and education of these professionals requires involvement of the relevant stakeholders to apt their technical skills in preparation of the role to be undertaken. Thus, the universities and other institutions of higher learning, in their efforts to improve graduate output should understand the labor market. Additionally, due to constant transformation and reorganization of strategies and plans by practitioner organizations, employers’ perspective in assessing graduates’ abilities and performance is necessary. Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the employers’ perspectives on the graduates’ abilities to handle work demands. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study design involving employers and graduates of environmental health program of Moi University using mixed methods was carried out. Pretested semi structured paper questionnaires were administered to 45 employers, while online survey was carried out on 227 sampled graduates. In-depth interviews were further subjected to the graduates to corroborate issues raised. Quantitative data analysis was done using statistical package for social scientists (SPSS) version 20 where the data was summarized using frequencies and proportions. Qualitative data was thematically analyzed. Results: The overall employer assessment of the graduates’ abilities to handle work demands was satisfactory with 18 (46.1% 7 of the employers rating them as good). On self-assessment, 116 (61.7%) of the graduates reported not to have faced any skills competency challenge at their work place and only 57 (30.3%) reported adequacy in skills acquired during undergraduate training. From the in-depth interviews, the graduates applauded the current curriculum implementation strategy of Problem Based Learning (PBL) but faulted the infrastructural inadequacies for low competencies and inadequate skills. The in-depth interviews further revealed a picture of graduates struggling with skills’ mismatch in their job placement. Conclusion: The study revealed a good rating by employers on the graduates’ competency skills but a high proportion (69.7%) of graduates reported lack of adequate skills to match their work demands. Recommendations: Institutions of higher learning need to invest in infrastructural elements of curriculum implementation to boost more practical sessions for better skills’ acquisition that matches the industrial needs.
文摘Many educational and trauma psychologists have studied the impacts that rape and sexual assault have on the well-being of undergraduate students.However,few have analyzed the traumatic impact such events have on students after their undergraduate careers.This work looks at how students respond immediately and the years following a rape situation as they encounter the academic demands of graduate level education.Based on a study I ran in the Shenandoah Valley region of Virginia,this work scrutinizes the academic achievement differences in these two groups.This analysis uses the constructs outlined by psychologists regarding the added academic expectations in graduate education and studies involving the responses undergraduate students have in the classroom after experiencing similar scenarios.This will show the huge lulling impact such trauma has on a graduate student.In so doing,this work illuminates the dramatic impact that trauma can have on a student’s mind and shows that no matter what level of higher education a student is encountering this trauma in,the effects on a student’s learning capacity are drastic.Moreover,this work outlines for educators the added challenges their students may face who are in similar situations.This article is dedicated to Dr.Paul Menzer and Dr.Kerry Cooke who proved to be the most understanding and caring educators I have experienced in my academic career.
文摘The current research conducted a longitudinal study of new graduate nurses at 3 times-prior to their employment as nurses and 3 months and 1 year afterward. This study yielded 3 findings. 1) The mental health of new graduate nurses significantly worsens 3 months after employment as a nurse and mental health 1 year after employment as a nurse was significantly worse than that before employment. 2) A sense of coherence (SOC) is the ability to cope with stressors, and the 3 components of SOC decreased significantly in the year after employment as a nurse. 3) The mental health of new graduate nurses was significantly affected by a low SOC and by previous diminishing of SOC. Findings suggested the importance of support to sustain and improve the mental health of new graduate nurses and the importance of approaches in the workplace to encourage the development of SOC.
