In this study,numerical simulations were used to explore the effects of roadside green belt,urban street spatial layout,and wind speed on vehicle exhaust emission diffusion in street canyon.The diffusion of different ...In this study,numerical simulations were used to explore the effects of roadside green belt,urban street spatial layout,and wind speed on vehicle exhaust emission diffusion in street canyon.The diffusion of different sized particles in the street canyon and the influence of wind speed were investigated.The individual daily average pollutant intake was used to evaluate the exposure level in a street canyon microenvironment.The central and leeward green belts of the road were the most conducive to the diffusion of pollutants,while the positioning of the green belts both sides of a road was least conducive to the diffusion of pollutants.Pollutant levels increased with increasing canopy height,canopy width,and decreasing tree spacing,with optimal values of 12 m,7 m,and 0.4 H,respectively.This provides protection from pollution for low-rise residents and pedestrians.The results presented here can be used to improve the air quality of the street microenvironment and provide a basis for the renovation of old street buildings.展开更多
The European Green Belt developed from the wasteland of the former death strip along the iron curtain over decades to a green life line of biodiversity. It is an ecological network with a unique natural and cultural h...The European Green Belt developed from the wasteland of the former death strip along the iron curtain over decades to a green life line of biodiversity. It is an ecological network with a unique natural and cultural heritage, an emotional human and political history, meaning and transformative power. Due to the former border situation, it is a transnational green infrastructure with biodiversity hotspots in a more and more fragmented, intensively used and degraded European landscape and connects people from 24 European countries and valuable landscapes. But now, nearly 30 years after the peaceful transition in 1989, the gaps in the European Green Belt cover already 50%. These gaps are not protected and are subject to adverse effects, like ongoing landscape fragmentation and ongoing chemo-industrial agriculture. Alarming signals of a new death zone are not only the gaps within the European Green Belt, but generally and closely related the mass extinction of species, climate change, resource depletion, financial and economic crisis, demographic change, emigration, unemployment and/or precarious work worldwide. To save the European Green Belt and life on earth there is a great need ofa 2^nd transformation to a life-sustaining world.展开更多
It is well renowned that trees have capacity to reduce the air pollution. It is mandatory to expand tree plantation in industrial area to minimize the threat of pollutants. For green belt development, it is necessary ...It is well renowned that trees have capacity to reduce the air pollution. It is mandatory to expand tree plantation in industrial area to minimize the threat of pollutants. For green belt development, it is necessary to use plants that are tolerant to air pollution. The present study includes Air pollution tolerance index (APTI) of selected plant species with the help of biochemical analysis. On the basis of APTI and some other socioeconomic and biological parameters of plants, Anticipated Performance Index (API) was calculated. Out of twelve species, Ficus benghalensis showed to be the most efficient among others. As per classification of API, Ficus religiosa tree species is classified into the moderate category. Based on the APTI and API, appropriate plant species for green belt development in industrial area were identified and recommended for mitigating the pollution.展开更多
Beijing's green belt policy is three-fold:fi rstly to protect farmers' interests during urbanization, secondly to control the urban expansion, and thirdly to improve the ecological environment. The planning of...Beijing's green belt policy is three-fold:fi rstly to protect farmers' interests during urbanization, secondly to control the urban expansion, and thirdly to improve the ecological environment. The planning of industrial land for green belts has thus emerged as a way to help achieve these goals during Beijing's urban growth from morphological, social, and economic perspectives. First of all, this paper introduces the implementation mechanisms of the planning of industrial land for green belts, from which it abstracts a model of land adjustment and urban-rural cooperation. Secondly, the paper analyzes the effects and current dilemmas during the implementation of the planning of industrial land for green belts. Thirdly, results are compared with other spontaneously developed industries in the rural-urban fringe area to illustrate the changes brought about by the planning. Finally, the paper proposes three measures for future improvement, including balancing the industrial land use quotas between different townships, conducting cooperative land adjustment, and encouraging spontaneously developed industrial projects.展开更多
Changsha-The central govern-ment is urging provincial officials toprotect and expand the green belts intheir areas. Local officials were urged to putthe"green drive"on the top of theiragendas by State Counci...Changsha-The central govern-ment is urging provincial officials toprotect and expand the green belts intheir areas. Local officials were urged to putthe"green drive"on the top of theiragendas by State Councillor ChenJunsheng,addressing a national con-ference on tree planting. Chen said at a conference that anaccountability system monitoringtheir performance would be intro-duced to ensure action on this"veryimportant task." Chen.speaking at the workingconference of National AfforestationCommittee.criticized some officialsfor their"over-enthusiasm in boost-ing the economy"by deforestingsome areas and turning them into"de-velopment zones."展开更多
We use the directional slacks-based measure of efficiency and inverse distance weighting method to analyze the spatial pattern evolution of the industrial green total factor productivity of 108 cities in the Yangtze R...We use the directional slacks-based measure of efficiency and inverse distance weighting method to analyze the spatial pattern evolution of the industrial green total factor productivity of 108 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt in 2003–2013.Results show that both the subprime mortgage crisis and ‘the new normal' had significant negative effects on productivity growth,leading to the different spatial patterns between 2003–2008 and 2009–2013.Before 2008,green poles had gathered around some capital cities and formed a tripartite pattern,which was a typical core-periphery pattern.Due to a combination of the polarization and the diffusion effects,capital cities became the growth poles and ‘core' regions,while surrounding areas became the ‘periphery'.This was mainly caused by the innate advantage of capital cities and ‘the rise of central China' strategy.After 2008,the tripartite pattern changed to a multi-poles pattern where green poles continuously and densely spread in the midstream and downstream areas.This is due to the regional difference in the leading effect of green poles.The leading effect of green poles in midstream and downstream areas has changed from polarization to diffusion,while the polarization effect still leads in the upstream area.展开更多
Background： The role of wild foods in combating problems of food shortage is paramount. However, existin, approaches to combat food insecurity shock have generally focused on reducing vulnerability via increasing pro...Background： The role of wild foods in combating problems of food shortage is paramount. However, existin, approaches to combat food insecurity shock have generally focused on reducing vulnerability via increasing productivity of domesticated foods. In contrast, approaches that enhance resilience mainly through wild fooc sources have been less focused. This study examined the contribution of wild foods to household resilience to food insecurity in the green famine belt of Ethiopia. Methods： A cross-sectional survey of 220 households was conducted using a structured questionnaire, key informant interviews, and semi-participant observations. Factor analysis was run using SPSS to analyze data. Correlation analysis was used to examine the direction and strength of association between wild foods and the income and food access （IFA）, a latent proxy indicator of resilience. Cross-tabulation was also run to determine the proportion of households in each ethno〈ulture group under each resilience category. Results： The mean amount of wild foods obtained by households was 156.61 kg per household per annum. This was about 5 % and 9 % of, gross and, net food available from all sources respectively. Wild foods contributed well to household resilience as the factor loading （Factor2 = 0.467） was large enough and were significantly correlated with IFA （r-- 0.174）. Wild vegetables were the most collected and consumed type of wild foods constituting 52.4 % of total amount of wild foods. The total amount of wild foods was smaller than that of domesticated sources of food. The majority of households （38.6 %） reported ＂reduced source of wild foods＂ as a reason for this. Smaller proportion of the indigenous （11.2 %） than the non-indigenous （34.1%） ethno-culture group reported one or more reasons for their lower level of dependence on wild foods. Conclusion： From the study we concluded that wild foods had important contribution to households＇ resilience to food shortages and are likely to continue to contribute in the future, this being more to indigenous than non-indigenous ethno-culture group. Therefore, a resilience building policy that incorporates wild foods should be adopted, and research that aims at exploring their current status and future prospect are urgently required.展开更多
"One Belt and One Road" is a signifi cant move of China to further deepen reform and opening up and improve economic development, and also a key working point of the future national development. This paper, ..."One Belt and One Road" is a signifi cant move of China to further deepen reform and opening up and improve economic development, and also a key working point of the future national development. This paper, on the basis of study on "One Belt and One Road" strategy and current situation of green tourism in Jiangxi, proposed that green tourism in Jiangxi could integrate into the construction of "One Belt and One Road" from the four perspectives of information flow, cultural flow, traffic flow and regional collaboration flow, which contributed to the implementation of national strategies, promoted green tourism development of Jiangxi, and showed the "exceptionally beautiful scenes" of Jiangxi.展开更多
Green development is the keynote of Yangtze River Economic Belt. It must insist on ecology preferential and green development which is not only respectation of natural laws but also the economic laws and social laws. ...Green development is the keynote of Yangtze River Economic Belt. It must insist on ecology preferential and green development which is not only respectation of natural laws but also the economic laws and social laws. The article uses SWOT analytic method to analyze the internal and external surroundings of the green development of Yangtze River Economic Belt on the basis of getting a clear understanding of its present developing status. Based on this the article puts forward the strategy pattern and path selection of green development of Yangtze River Economic Belt.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant No.11372166]“Double First-Class”Foundation for the Talents of Shandong University[No.31380089963090].
文摘In this study,numerical simulations were used to explore the effects of roadside green belt,urban street spatial layout,and wind speed on vehicle exhaust emission diffusion in street canyon.The diffusion of different sized particles in the street canyon and the influence of wind speed were investigated.The individual daily average pollutant intake was used to evaluate the exposure level in a street canyon microenvironment.The central and leeward green belts of the road were the most conducive to the diffusion of pollutants,while the positioning of the green belts both sides of a road was least conducive to the diffusion of pollutants.Pollutant levels increased with increasing canopy height,canopy width,and decreasing tree spacing,with optimal values of 12 m,7 m,and 0.4 H,respectively.This provides protection from pollution for low-rise residents and pedestrians.The results presented here can be used to improve the air quality of the street microenvironment and provide a basis for the renovation of old street buildings.
文摘The European Green Belt developed from the wasteland of the former death strip along the iron curtain over decades to a green life line of biodiversity. It is an ecological network with a unique natural and cultural heritage, an emotional human and political history, meaning and transformative power. Due to the former border situation, it is a transnational green infrastructure with biodiversity hotspots in a more and more fragmented, intensively used and degraded European landscape and connects people from 24 European countries and valuable landscapes. But now, nearly 30 years after the peaceful transition in 1989, the gaps in the European Green Belt cover already 50%. These gaps are not protected and are subject to adverse effects, like ongoing landscape fragmentation and ongoing chemo-industrial agriculture. Alarming signals of a new death zone are not only the gaps within the European Green Belt, but generally and closely related the mass extinction of species, climate change, resource depletion, financial and economic crisis, demographic change, emigration, unemployment and/or precarious work worldwide. To save the European Green Belt and life on earth there is a great need ofa 2^nd transformation to a life-sustaining world.
文摘It is well renowned that trees have capacity to reduce the air pollution. It is mandatory to expand tree plantation in industrial area to minimize the threat of pollutants. For green belt development, it is necessary to use plants that are tolerant to air pollution. The present study includes Air pollution tolerance index (APTI) of selected plant species with the help of biochemical analysis. On the basis of APTI and some other socioeconomic and biological parameters of plants, Anticipated Performance Index (API) was calculated. Out of twelve species, Ficus benghalensis showed to be the most efficient among others. As per classification of API, Ficus religiosa tree species is classified into the moderate category. Based on the APTI and API, appropriate plant species for green belt development in industrial area were identified and recommended for mitigating the pollution.
文摘Beijing's green belt policy is three-fold:fi rstly to protect farmers' interests during urbanization, secondly to control the urban expansion, and thirdly to improve the ecological environment. The planning of industrial land for green belts has thus emerged as a way to help achieve these goals during Beijing's urban growth from morphological, social, and economic perspectives. First of all, this paper introduces the implementation mechanisms of the planning of industrial land for green belts, from which it abstracts a model of land adjustment and urban-rural cooperation. Secondly, the paper analyzes the effects and current dilemmas during the implementation of the planning of industrial land for green belts. Thirdly, results are compared with other spontaneously developed industries in the rural-urban fringe area to illustrate the changes brought about by the planning. Finally, the paper proposes three measures for future improvement, including balancing the industrial land use quotas between different townships, conducting cooperative land adjustment, and encouraging spontaneously developed industrial projects.
文摘Changsha-The central govern-ment is urging provincial officials toprotect and expand the green belts intheir areas. Local officials were urged to putthe"green drive"on the top of theiragendas by State Councillor ChenJunsheng,addressing a national con-ference on tree planting. Chen said at a conference that anaccountability system monitoringtheir performance would be intro-duced to ensure action on this"veryimportant task." Chen.speaking at the workingconference of National AfforestationCommittee.criticized some officialsfor their"over-enthusiasm in boost-ing the economy"by deforestingsome areas and turning them into"de-velopment zones."
基金Under the auspices of the post-funded project of National Social Science Foundation of China(No.16FJL009)
文摘We use the directional slacks-based measure of efficiency and inverse distance weighting method to analyze the spatial pattern evolution of the industrial green total factor productivity of 108 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt in 2003–2013.Results show that both the subprime mortgage crisis and ‘the new normal' had significant negative effects on productivity growth,leading to the different spatial patterns between 2003–2008 and 2009–2013.Before 2008,green poles had gathered around some capital cities and formed a tripartite pattern,which was a typical core-periphery pattern.Due to a combination of the polarization and the diffusion effects,capital cities became the growth poles and ‘core' regions,while surrounding areas became the ‘periphery'.This was mainly caused by the innate advantage of capital cities and ‘the rise of central China' strategy.After 2008,the tripartite pattern changed to a multi-poles pattern where green poles continuously and densely spread in the midstream and downstream areas.This is due to the regional difference in the leading effect of green poles.The leading effect of green poles in midstream and downstream areas has changed from polarization to diffusion,while the polarization effect still leads in the upstream area.
文摘Background： The role of wild foods in combating problems of food shortage is paramount. However, existin, approaches to combat food insecurity shock have generally focused on reducing vulnerability via increasing productivity of domesticated foods. In contrast, approaches that enhance resilience mainly through wild fooc sources have been less focused. This study examined the contribution of wild foods to household resilience to food insecurity in the green famine belt of Ethiopia. Methods： A cross-sectional survey of 220 households was conducted using a structured questionnaire, key informant interviews, and semi-participant observations. Factor analysis was run using SPSS to analyze data. Correlation analysis was used to examine the direction and strength of association between wild foods and the income and food access （IFA）, a latent proxy indicator of resilience. Cross-tabulation was also run to determine the proportion of households in each ethno〈ulture group under each resilience category. Results： The mean amount of wild foods obtained by households was 156.61 kg per household per annum. This was about 5 % and 9 % of, gross and, net food available from all sources respectively. Wild foods contributed well to household resilience as the factor loading （Factor2 = 0.467） was large enough and were significantly correlated with IFA （r-- 0.174）. Wild vegetables were the most collected and consumed type of wild foods constituting 52.4 % of total amount of wild foods. The total amount of wild foods was smaller than that of domesticated sources of food. The majority of households （38.6 %） reported ＂reduced source of wild foods＂ as a reason for this. Smaller proportion of the indigenous （11.2 %） than the non-indigenous （34.1%） ethno-culture group reported one or more reasons for their lower level of dependence on wild foods. Conclusion： From the study we concluded that wild foods had important contribution to households＇ resilience to food shortages and are likely to continue to contribute in the future, this being more to indigenous than non-indigenous ethno-culture group. Therefore, a resilience building policy that incorporates wild foods should be adopted, and research that aims at exploring their current status and future prospect are urgently required.
文摘"One Belt and One Road" is a signifi cant move of China to further deepen reform and opening up and improve economic development, and also a key working point of the future national development. This paper, on the basis of study on "One Belt and One Road" strategy and current situation of green tourism in Jiangxi, proposed that green tourism in Jiangxi could integrate into the construction of "One Belt and One Road" from the four perspectives of information flow, cultural flow, traffic flow and regional collaboration flow, which contributed to the implementation of national strategies, promoted green tourism development of Jiangxi, and showed the "exceptionally beautiful scenes" of Jiangxi.
文摘Green development is the keynote of Yangtze River Economic Belt. It must insist on ecology preferential and green development which is not only respectation of natural laws but also the economic laws and social laws. The article uses SWOT analytic method to analyze the internal and external surroundings of the green development of Yangtze River Economic Belt on the basis of getting a clear understanding of its present developing status. Based on this the article puts forward the strategy pattern and path selection of green development of Yangtze River Economic Belt.
