Dust removal from pyrolytic vapors at high temperatures is an obstacle to the industrialization of the coal pyrolysis process.In this work,a granular bed with expanded perlites as filtration media was designed and int...Dust removal from pyrolytic vapors at high temperatures is an obstacle to the industrialization of the coal pyrolysis process.In this work,a granular bed with expanded perlites as filtration media was designed and integrated into a 10 t·d^(–1)coal pyrolysis facility.The testing results showed that around 97.56%dust collection efficiency was achieved.As a result,dust content in tar was significantly lowered.The pressure drop of the granular bed maintained in the range of 356 Pa to 489 Pa.The dust size in the effluent after filtration exhibited a bimodal distribution,which was attributed to the heterogeneity of the dust components.The effects of filtration bed on pyrolytic product yields were also discussed.A modified filtration model based on the macroscopic phenomenological theory was proposed to describe the performance of the granular bed.The computation results were well agreed with the experimental data.展开更多
Many phenomena in nature and technology are associated with the filtration of suspensions and colloids in porous media. Two main types of particle deposition,namely, cake filtration at the inlet and deep bed filtratio...Many phenomena in nature and technology are associated with the filtration of suspensions and colloids in porous media. Two main types of particle deposition,namely, cake filtration at the inlet and deep bed filtration throughout the entire porous medium, are studied by different models. A unified approach for the transport and deposition of particles based on the deep bed filtration model is proposed. A variable suspension flow rate, proportional to the number of free pores at the inlet of the porous medium, is considered. To model cake filtration, this flow rate is introduced into the mass balance equation of deep bed filtration. For the cake filtration without deposit erosion,the suspension flow rate decreases to zero, and the suspension does not penetrate deep into the porous medium. In the case of the cake filtration with erosion, the suspension flow rate is nonzero, and the deposit is distributed throughout the entire porous medium. An exact solution is obtained for a constant filtration function. The method of characteristics is used to construct the asymptotics of the concentration front of suspended and retained particles for a filtration function in a general form. Explicit formulae are obtained for a linear filtration function. The properties of these solutions are studied in detail.展开更多
Dear Editor,We report a rare case of endogenous endophthalmitis caused by Candida albicans in a patient with chronic renal failure concomitant hemodialysis.A 71-year-old man with a history of hypertension and 2-year c...Dear Editor,We report a rare case of endogenous endophthalmitis caused by Candida albicans in a patient with chronic renal failure concomitant hemodialysis.A 71-year-old man with a history of hypertension and 2-year chronic renal failure on hemodialysis via a native arteriovenous fistula(AVF)was presented to the local hospital due to fever 3wk ago.No pathogens were detected through blood culture on admission,and his fever gradually subsided with intravenous ceftriaxone sodium.After a week of fever,he experienced progressive blurred vision in both eyes,accompanied by pain and headaches.Subsequent magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)of the brain revealed sinusitis.He had not undergone any previous eye surgeries or trauma.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the difference in serum ferritin levels between deceased and surviving regular hemodialysis patients with COVID-19.Methods:We conducted a systematic search across four databases following the ...Objective:To investigate the difference in serum ferritin levels between deceased and surviving regular hemodialysis patients with COVID-19.Methods:We conducted a systematic search across four databases following the PRISMA statement guidelines.Studies reporting ferritin levels and mortality of regular hemodialysis patients with COVID-19 were included.Employing the random-effects model,we performed a meta-analysis to determine the mean difference in serum ferritin levels between the studied groups,along with their corresponding 95%confidence intervals.The meta-analysis was carried out using Review Manager 5.4 and Stata 16.Results:A total of 1013 patients from seven studies were included in this study.Our meta-analysis showed higher mean serum ferritin in the deceased compared to surviving regular hemodialysis patients with COVID-19,with a mean difference of 449.43 ng/mL[95%CI(244.07,654.80),P<0.0001;I2=58%,P=0.003].Conclusions:Our study found a higher mean of serum ferritin levels in the deceased compared to surviving regular hemodialysis patients with COVID-19.展开更多
It consists of a retrospective study with twenty-two individuals diagnosed with DRC: fourteen HD and eight CAPD, followed up in the dialysis center of Antonio Pedro University Hospital (HUAP) of Fluminense Federal Uni...It consists of a retrospective study with twenty-two individuals diagnosed with DRC: fourteen HD and eight CAPD, followed up in the dialysis center of Antonio Pedro University Hospital (HUAP) of Fluminense Federal University (UFF), between 2015 and 2017. Fifteen healthy control (HC) subjects were included, without diagnosed CKD. Patients with HIV positive, hepatitis A, B, and C, pregnant, cancer, smokers, alcoholics and those exposed to X-rays in the last 3 months, were excluded. Objectives: As oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction may be linked to the higher prevalence of CVD in CKD patients, we measured the activities of the antioxidants enzymes: SOD and GPx and total NO levels in the plasma and serum of end-stage CKD patients undergoing dialysis therapy, comparing with the HC group. Methods: Quantification of NO levels was performed by fluorometric kit, while activities of SOD and GPx were determined using kinetic methods. Results: We found higher plasma SOD activity in HD (8.58 U/ml) and CAPD (10.14 U/ml), compared to C (3.73 U/ml) group, while GPx activity was decreased in HD (115.38 nmol/h/ml) and CAPD (122.76 nmol/h/ml) groups compared to HC group (275.83 nmol/h/ml). Total serum NO concentration was decreased in HD (14.09 pmol/μl) and CAPD (10.26 pmol/μl), compared to non-CKD patients (49.65 pmol/μl). Conclusion: Decreased total serum NO and GPx activities may lead to endothelial dysfunction and consequently a higher prevalence of CVD in CKD patients.展开更多
Background: Neutrophile to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a well-established marker of inflammation. It has been reported to be high in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and it is described as a prognosis factor in hemodialysis...Background: Neutrophile to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a well-established marker of inflammation. It has been reported to be high in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and it is described as a prognosis factor in hemodialysis patients. However, limited data are available about the normal range of NLR in healthy adults as well as CKD patients including hemodialysis black Africans in Sub-Saharan countries. We sought to study NLR in healthy and advanced CKD in a single Cameroonian health facility. Methods: Blood samples were obtained from blood donors, CKD stage 4 and non-dialysis stage 5, and hemodialysis patients for more than 6 months. Patients with confounding factors such as positive CRP, infection, and recent use of steroids were excluded. RNL means standard deviations (SDs), and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were determined. RNL range was defined as percentiles P2.5 to P97.5. Results: A total of 102 participants were included. Mean age was 40.45 ± 9.97 years and 58.8% were male. Age and sex distribution were similar in the three groups. Leucopenia and neutropenia were common in all the groups. Means NLR was 1.29 ± 0.57 (95% CI 1.08 - 1.49) range between 0.55 to 2.67;2.31 ± 1.3 (95% CI 1.75 - 2.88) with range between 0.69 to 4.31 and 2.14 ± 0.98 (95% CI 1.85 - 2.44) with range between 0.77 to 4.32 respectively in controls, CKD, and hemodialysis participants. NLR was comparable in CKD and hemodialysis patients (p = 0.99). Compared to controls, NLR was significantly elevated in CKD (p = 0.043) and hemodialysis patients (p Conclusion: Our data suggest that the normal range for NLR in adult nongeriatric healthy and advanced CKD patients including those on chronic hemodialysis may vary between 0.55 to 2.67 and 0.69 to 4.32 respectively.展开更多
Introduction: Following the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccination has been proposed in several countries as the main preventive measure despite very limited data, particularly in dialysis patients. We conducted this study to...Introduction: Following the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccination has been proposed in several countries as the main preventive measure despite very limited data, particularly in dialysis patients. We conducted this study to assess the immunological response to vaccination in Senegalese hemodialysis patients. Patients and Methods: We conducted a prospective study, in two dialysis centers in Dakar from March 30<sup>th</sup> to August 30<sup>th</sup>, 2021 including patients on hemodialysis for >6 months, vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 according to the vaccination schedule recommended by WHO. A vaccine response was considered positive when seroconversion was observed after one dose of vaccine. The clinical efficacy of immunization was defined as the absence of new COVID-19 infection in patients who received a complete vaccination. Results: Among the 81 patients included in the study, 7.4% had anti-Spike IgM antibodies before their first vaccination. Seroprevalence of IgM antibodies was 38.3% one month after the first vaccine dose (at M1) and 8.6% one month after the second dose (at M4). Anti-Spike IgG antibodies were present in 40.3% of patients before vaccination, in 90.1% at M1, and in 59.7% at M4. Among patients previously infected with SARS-CoV-2, 10.2% had IgM antibodies at M0, 31.6% at M1, and 10.5% at M4 post-vaccination. Similarly, seroprevalences of IgG antibodies in this subgroup were 31.5%, 61.3%, and 50.0% respectively at M0, M1, and M4 post-vaccination. A comparison of seroconversion rates between M0 and M4 showed significant differences only for IgG in COVID-19 naive patients. Mean duration in dialysis and the existence of previous COVID-19 infection were associated with patients’ vaccinal response after the two doses. Age, gender and the use of immunosuppressive treatment did not influence post-vaccinal antibody production. Conclusion: Vaccination against COVID-19 in Senegalese hemodialysis patients induced a low seroconversion rate but it was well tolerated. Moreover, the induced protection was neither strong nor durable, particularly in patients with longer duration in dialysis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Diabetic kidney disease(DKD)is a prevalent complication of diabetes that often requires hemodialysis for treatment.In the field of nursing,there is a growing recognition of the importance of humanistic care...BACKGROUND Diabetic kidney disease(DKD)is a prevalent complication of diabetes that often requires hemodialysis for treatment.In the field of nursing,there is a growing recognition of the importance of humanistic care,which focuses on the holistic needs of patients,including their emotional,psychological,and social well-being.However,the application of humanistic nursing in the context of hemodialysis for DKD patients remains relatively unexplored.AIM To explore the experience of humanistic nursing in hemodialysis nursing for DKD patients.METHODS Ninety-six DKD patients treated with hemodialysis from March 2020 to June 2022 were included in the study and divided into the control cluster(48 cases)and the study cluster(48 cases)according to different nursing methods;the control cluster was given routine nursing and the study cluster was given humanized nursing.The variances of negative emotion mark,blood glucose,renal function,the incidence of complications,life mark and nursing satisfaction before and after nur-sing were contrasted between the two clusters.RESULTS No significant difference in negative emotion markers between the two clusters were observed before nursing(P>0.05),and the negative emotion markers of the two clusters decreased after nursing.The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale markers were lower in the study cluster than the control cluster.The healing rate of patients in the study cluster was significantly higher than the control cluster(97.92%vs 85.42%,P<0.05).Blood glucose parameters were not significantly different between the groups prior to nursing(P>0.05).However,after nursing,blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine(SCr)levels in the study cluster were lower than those in the control cluster(P<0.05).The incidence rate of complications was significantly lower in the study group compared to the control cluster(6.25%vs 20.83%,P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the life markers between the two clusters before nursing.While the life markers increased after nursing for both groups,the 36-item health scale markers in the study cluster were higher than those within the control cluster(P<0.05).Finally,the nursing satisfaction rate was 93.75% in the study cluster,compared to 75% in the control cluster(P<0.05).CONCLUSION In hemodialysis for DKD patients,the implementation of humanistic nursing achieved ideal results,effectively reducing patients’psychological negative emotion markers so that they can actively cooperate with the diagnosis and nursing,facilitate the control of blood glucose and the maintenance of residual renal function,reduce the occurrence of complications,and finally enhance the life quality and nursing satisfaction of patients.It is worthy of being widely popularized and applied.展开更多
Objective:To understand the current situation of stigma among elderly hemodialysis patients and to analyze its influencing factors.Methods:Convenience sampling was used to select 242 elderly patients undergoing hemodi...Objective:To understand the current situation of stigma among elderly hemodialysis patients and to analyze its influencing factors.Methods:Convenience sampling was used to select 242 elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis in one of the two tertiary hospitals in Mianyang City.The survey was carried out from December 2022 to March 2023,with the Basic Information Questionnaire,the Social Influence Scale,and the Collaborative Social Support Scale.All influencing factors were analyzed by correlation analysis,univariate analysis,and multiple linear regression.Results:The average stigma score among elderly hemodialysis patients was 72.94±9.58,and the influencing factors of stigma among elderly hemodialysis patients were determined to be social support and economic status(P<0.05).Conclusion:The occurrence of stigma among elderly hemodialysis patients was at a moderate to high level,and the influencing factors were mainly economic status and social support.To reduce the occurrence of stigma in elderly hemodialysis patients,appropriate economic support from families and social support from medical personnel are needed.展开更多
Objective:To study the prevalence of anemia,the proportion of hemoglobin(Hb)levels,the treatment methods,and the influencing factors of Hb levels in maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)and peritoneal dialysis patients.Method...Objective:To study the prevalence of anemia,the proportion of hemoglobin(Hb)levels,the treatment methods,and the influencing factors of Hb levels in maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)and peritoneal dialysis patients.Methods:In this study,602 patients with maintenance hemodialysis and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis were enrolled from December 2020 to December 2022 in our hospital,and their medical records were collected and summarized.The main contents included the patient’s gender,age,primary disease,dialysis duration,dialysis method,the use of erythropoietic stimulating agents(ESA),intravenous iron,and laboratory tests.A Hb index exceeding 110 g/L was set as the standard for the prevalence of anemia.Results:The rate of anemia in patients undergoing blood purification was 83%.The proportion of ESA use was 84.1%,and the proportion of iron use was 76.7%,of which the proportion of intravenous iron used was 17.0%,and the proportion of folic acid used was 28.3%.Conclusion:The incidence of anemia in MHD patients was relatively high,with a low proportion of patients reaching the standard Hb levels.Risk factors include albumin(ALB)levels,iron storage,white blood cells,C-reactive protein,cholesterol,etc.Nutritional support,iron supplementation,and prevention of micro-inflammatory reactions can effectively promote the improvement of Hb indicators in dialysis patients to prevent anemia.展开更多
Objective:To explore the preventive effect of comprehensive nursing intervention on arteriovenous fistula failure in patients in the hemodialysis room.Methods:82 patients with arteriovenous fistula in the hemodialysis...Objective:To explore the preventive effect of comprehensive nursing intervention on arteriovenous fistula failure in patients in the hemodialysis room.Methods:82 patients with arteriovenous fistula in the hemodialysis chamber treated in our hospital from July 2022 to October 2023 were selected as the research subjects.The random number table method divided them into a control group and an experimental group of 41 cases each.The control group received general nursing intervention measures,while the experimental group underwent comprehensive nursing intervention.The incidence of complications(internal fistula failure,bleeding,thrombosis,infection),psychological emotions(SAS scale,SDS scale),quality of life(physical pain,physiological function,emotional function,social function),and nursing satisfaction(very satisfied,basically satisfied,satisfied,dissatisfied)were compared between the two groups of patients.Results:The incidence of complications in the experimental group(4,9.76%)was significantly lower than that in the control group(29,70.73%);the SAS scores and SDS scores of the patients in the experimental group after intervention were both lower than those in the control group;the quality of life score(physical pain,physiological function,emotional function,and social function)was all higher than those of the control group;the post-intervention nursing satisfaction of the experimental group(40,97.57%)was also significantly higher than that of the control group(29,73.17%);and the listed differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).Conclusion:For patients with hemodialysis ventricular arteriovenous fistula failure,comprehensive nursing intervention can reduce the incidence of complications,relieve anxiety and stress,improve quality of life and nursing satisfaction,and achieve better preventive effects.展开更多
Air-borne pollutants in particulate matter(PM)form,produced either physically during industrial processes or certain biological routes,have posed a great threat to human health.Particularly during the current COVID-19...Air-borne pollutants in particulate matter(PM)form,produced either physically during industrial processes or certain biological routes,have posed a great threat to human health.Particularly during the current COVID-19 pandemic,effective filtration of the virus is an urgent matter worldwide.In this review,we first introduce some fundamentals about PM,including its source and classification,filtration mechanisms,and evaluation parameters.Advanced filtration materials and their functions are then summarized,among which polymers and MOFs are discussed in detail together with their antibacterial performance.The discussion on the application is divided into end-of-pipe treatment and source control.Finally,we conclude this review with our prospective view on future research in this area.展开更多
Introduction: Correct adjustment of dry weight after hemodialysis (HD) with no signs of hypervolemia is important. Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) is the most common complication during HD. IDH occurs in 15% to 30% an...Introduction: Correct adjustment of dry weight after hemodialysis (HD) with no signs of hypervolemia is important. Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) is the most common complication during HD. IDH occurs in 15% to 30% and possibly in up to 50% of dialysis sessions. IDH augments mortality essentially due to chronic overhydration and the inability to reach the proper dry weight. On-line hemodiafiltration (ol-HDF) has been reported to reduce the frequency of IDH. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of ol-HDF on hemodynamic stability and dry weight adjustment compared with low-flux HD. Methods: IDH-prone HD patients at our center were enrolled. This study was designed as a crossover trial with two phases (A arm: low-flux HD for 8 weeks followed by ol-HDF for 8 weeks vs. B arm: ol-HDF for 8 weeks followed by low-flux HD for 8 weeks) and two treatment arms (ol-HDF vs. low-flux HD), each phase lasting 8 weeks. We measured the proportion of body water using a body composition monitor (BCM). Results: In a comparison of the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) reductions from the baseline blood pressure between the HD and ol-HDF groups, statistically significant differences were observed only in the SBP of the B arm (SBP: HD vs. HDF, -9.83 ± 6.64 vs. -4.62 ± 1.61 mmHg, p = 0.036;DBP: HD vs. HDF, -3.29 ± 4.05 vs. -1.86 ± 1.49 mmHg, p = 0.261). Neither the mean of the interdialytic body weight gains nor the frequency of IDH was different between the A and B arms (p = 0.817 and p = 0.562, respectively). In terms of dialysis modality, there were no significant differences in the amount of overhydration between the conventional HD and ol-HDF groups during the two study phases, as measured by the BCM (A arm: p = 0.875, B arm: p = 0.655). Conclusion: Our study did not show a better benefit of ol-HDF to reach the dry weight compared with low-flux HD in IDH-prone patients.展开更多
A mass flow matching model(MFMM)was established for studying the stable status of solution electrospinning.The study of the solution droplet status at the needle tip focused on various combinations of applied voltages...A mass flow matching model(MFMM)was established for studying the stable status of solution electrospinning.The study of the solution droplet status at the needle tip focused on various combinations of applied voltages and injection rates to figure out their influence on steadily fabricating polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)nanofibers prepared from PVA spinning solutions with two different mass fractions(10%and 16%).The results revealed that during the stable electrospinning,the influence resulted from the change of the injection rate approximately canceled out the impact brought by adjusting the applied voltage,leading to almost the same morphology as that of the PVA nanofibers.And the mass fraction of PVA in the spinning solution dominated the structure and the diameter distribution of the electrospun nanofibers.Under stable electrospinning conditions,the composite membrane was produced by depositing PVA nanofibers on the polyethylene terephthalate(PET)nonwoven substrate for an air filtration test.Furthermore,the prepared composite membrane exhibited a high air filtration efficiency(99.97%)and a low pressure drop(120 Pa)for 300-500 nm neutralized polystyrene latex(PSL)aerosol particles,demonstrating its potential as an alternative for a variety of commercial applications in air filtration.展开更多
Background: Bleeding disorders are common and may be a life-threating complication among patients with End Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD), especially for those in hemodialysis (HD). Bleeding risk can be evaluated by hemo...Background: Bleeding disorders are common and may be a life-threating complication among patients with End Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD), especially for those in hemodialysis (HD). Bleeding risk can be evaluated by hemostatic parameter such as platelet count, prothrombine time (PT) or activated prothromplastin time (aPTT) and may be influenced by duration in HD. Objective: Evaluate bleeding risk in HD patients by analyzing some hemostatic parameters according to duration in dialysis. Patients and methods: We conducted a cross sectional study of 3 months (March to May 2022) in the HD center of the Douala General Hospital. All consenting adult patients with ESKD admitted in HD for less than 3 months or more than 12 months were included. Bleeding risk was evaluated by platelet count, PT, aPTT and fibrinogen. Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to compare data and evaluate association with hemostatic disorder. Results: A total of 80 (60% male) patients were included;30 patients were on HD for less than 3 months and 50 for more than 12 months. Median age was 45 [30 - 60] years in the first group and 43 [30 - 55] years in the second group. Increased bleeding risk was noted in 50% (n = 40) of patients and was similar in both groups. Thrombocytopenia was more common in patients on HD ≥ 12 months (20% (n = 6) vs 44% (n = 22), p = 0.02). Prolong aPTT was more common in HD patients ≥ 3 months (OR = 6.6 [1.88 - 23.5], p = 0.0013) and those with HD catheter (OR = 21.3 [4.6 - 45.7], p < 0.001). Fibrinogen and PT were comparable in both groups. HD catheter was associated with prolong PT (OR = 5.3 CI [1.5 - 8.9], p = 0.03). Conclusion: Increased bleeding risk is common in HD patients. Thrombocytopenia is common in HD patients ≥ 12 months, while prolong aPTT are mainly found in HD patients ≤ 3 months with catheter and may reflect heparin overdose.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the trend of glaucoma internal filtration surgeries for inpatients between 2015 and 2021 at the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University.METHODS:A review of the medical records of inpatients who had ...AIM:To evaluate the trend of glaucoma internal filtration surgeries for inpatients between 2015 and 2021 at the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University.METHODS:A review of the medical records of inpatients who had been diagnosed with glaucoma and received antiglaucoma surgery between January 1,2015 and December 31,2021 was conducted.The glaucoma diagnosis in this study included primary open angle glaucoma,primary angleclosure glaucoma,secondary glaucoma,and paediatric glaucoma.The types of surgeries were categorised as internal filtration,external filtration,and cyclodestruction surgery based on the pathway of aqueous humor outflow.The trend of these glaucoma surgeries in the sample of patients with different types of glaucoma was then analysed.RESULTS:The number of patients hospitalised for glaucoma surgery increased yearly,from 752 in 2015 to 1373 in 2021,at the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University.Regarding the patients diagnosed with primary open angle glaucoma,internal filtration surgery increased from 27.40%of the sample to 54.40%of the sample,while external filtration surgery decreased from 71.50%to 44.20%between 2015 and 2021.For paediatric glaucoma,internal filtration surgery increased from 37.50%in 2015 to 88.20%in 2021.Whilst different types of surgeries were performed on the sample of patients with secondary glaucoma,the proportion of internal filtration surgery also showed an increase from 18.20%in 2015 to 40.90%in 2021.Meanwhile,internal filtration surgery in the patient sample with primary angle-closure glaucoma already accounted for over 70.00%in 2015,and showed a small increase by 2021.CONCLUSION:As surgical technology and surgical experience continue to elevate and improve,the range of glaucoma surgeries are correspondingly evolving.This study find that internal filtration surgeries accounted for an increasing proportion of treatments in the surgical management of glaucoma between 2015 and 2021.展开更多
Organic solvent nanofiltration(OSN)membranes have a great application prospect in organic solvent separation,but the development of OSN membranes is mainly restricted by trade-off between permeability and rejection ra...Organic solvent nanofiltration(OSN)membranes have a great application prospect in organic solvent separation,but the development of OSN membranes is mainly restricted by trade-off between permeability and rejection rate.In this work,a TA/Fe^(3+)polymer was introduced into polyetherimide(PEI)ultrafiltration membranes crosslinked with hexamethylene diamine as the intermediate layer,and OSN membranes with high separation performance and solvent permeability were obtained through interfacial polymerization and solvent activation.The interlayer with high surface hydrophilicity and a fixed pore structure controlled the adsorption/diffusion of the amine monomer during interfacial polymerization,forming a smooth(average surface roughness<5.5 nm),ultra-thin(separation layer thickness reduced from 150 to 16 nm)and dense surface structure polyamide(PA)layer.The PA-Fe^(3+)_3-HDA/PEI membrane retained more than 94%of methyl blue(BS)in 0.1 g·L^(-1)BS ethanol solution at 0.6 MPa,and the ethanol permeation reached 28.56 L^(-1)·m^(-2)·h^(-1).The average flux recovery ratio(FRR)of PA-Fe^(3+)_(3)-HDA/PEI membrane was found to be 84%,which has better fouling resistance than PA-HDA/PEI membrane,and it was found to have better stability performance through different solvent immersion experiments and continuous operation in 0.1 g·L^(-1)BS ethanol solution.Compared with thin-film composite nanofiltration membranes,the PA-Fe^(3+)_(3)-HDA/PEI membrane can be manufactured from an economical and environment-friendly method and overcomes the trade-off between permeability and rejection rate,showing great application potential in organic solvent separation systems.展开更多
Delayed onset low molecular weight heparin induced skin necrosis is a rare adverse event. It usually occurs at the site of injection, and typically develops within 2 weeks of starting therapy. However, in our case, we...Delayed onset low molecular weight heparin induced skin necrosis is a rare adverse event. It usually occurs at the site of injection, and typically develops within 2 weeks of starting therapy. However, in our case, we presented a 62-year-old woman who is on Hemodialysis twice a week. Her hemodialysis prescription included Enoxaparine 0.2 cc IV as anticoagulant. On her third month of regular hemodialysis, she developed skin necrosis on her right leg and left hand. The diagnosis was made clinically and by exclusion of other possible causes of skin necrosis in a chronic kidney disease patient, such as calciphylaxis. The most important aspect of management, in this case, is early recognition and withdrawal of its use, which were done in our patient.展开更多
Introduction: Our study focused on the evaluation of renal function in children with sickle cell disease compared to children without sickle cell disease at the pediatric emergency unit of the Donka National Hospital ...Introduction: Our study focused on the evaluation of renal function in children with sickle cell disease compared to children without sickle cell disease at the pediatric emergency unit of the Donka National Hospital and SOS Drepano-Guinea center. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study lasting 3 months (October 1 to December 31, 2020). Were included, all sickle cell and non-sickle cell children aged 0 to 15 received on an outpatient basis and had undergone an exploration of renal function (serum creatinine and urine dipstick). Results: We performed the urine dipstick and serum creatinine in 75 children, 45 of whom were sickle cell and 30 were not sickle cell. 27 of our patients or 36% had a reduction in GFR, among them 9 or 20% were sickle cell and 18 or 60% were not sickle cell. The most affected age group was 5 to 9 years in sickle cell (66.7%) and non-sickle cell (38.9%). In sickle cell patients, 9 cases (100%) had mild renal failure (IRL). Non-sickle cell patients, had 14 cases or 77.8% of IRL and 4 cases (22.2%) of moderate IR. Sickle cell disease and antibiotics which had the respective p-value (0.01);(0.02), were statistically significant with the onset of renal failure. Conclusion: Several factors including sickle cell anemia and antibiotics are believed to be involved in lowering GFR. It would be essential to detect early the children received in consultation.展开更多
Background: Hypertension (HTN) is present in up to 90% of end stage kidney disease (ESRD) patients irrespective of the etiology of their kidney disease. Moreover, it is an important modifiable risk factor for progress...Background: Hypertension (HTN) is present in up to 90% of end stage kidney disease (ESRD) patients irrespective of the etiology of their kidney disease. Moreover, it is an important modifiable risk factor for progression to ESRD and its overall cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Objective: to evaluate, prospectively, the role of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System blockade (RAAS) in HTN, resistant to 3 conventional antihypertensives, in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Patients and methods: A total of 52 such patients were treated with Ramipril and 5 with Losartan after intolerable cough/shortness of breath following Ramipril-use. None of the patients had fluid depletion, renal artery stenosis and primary endocrinopathy. The study group was compared to a matched control group of MHD patients with normal blood pressure following 3 drugs-combination therapies. Results: All patients, with resistant HTN, had significant activation of RAAS system prior to treatment compared to inactive one in the control group. In those with resistant HTN, control of HTN, was established within 2 weeks of therapy and was associated with suppression of the RAAS. Such therapy was associated with minor side effects. Conclusion: Our study has shown that RAAS blockade is safe and effective in controlling such resistant HTN in MHD patients.展开更多
基金financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFB0605003).
文摘Dust removal from pyrolytic vapors at high temperatures is an obstacle to the industrialization of the coal pyrolysis process.In this work,a granular bed with expanded perlites as filtration media was designed and integrated into a 10 t·d^(–1)coal pyrolysis facility.The testing results showed that around 97.56%dust collection efficiency was achieved.As a result,dust content in tar was significantly lowered.The pressure drop of the granular bed maintained in the range of 356 Pa to 489 Pa.The dust size in the effluent after filtration exhibited a bimodal distribution,which was attributed to the heterogeneity of the dust components.The effects of filtration bed on pyrolytic product yields were also discussed.A modified filtration model based on the macroscopic phenomenological theory was proposed to describe the performance of the granular bed.The computation results were well agreed with the experimental data.
文摘Many phenomena in nature and technology are associated with the filtration of suspensions and colloids in porous media. Two main types of particle deposition,namely, cake filtration at the inlet and deep bed filtration throughout the entire porous medium, are studied by different models. A unified approach for the transport and deposition of particles based on the deep bed filtration model is proposed. A variable suspension flow rate, proportional to the number of free pores at the inlet of the porous medium, is considered. To model cake filtration, this flow rate is introduced into the mass balance equation of deep bed filtration. For the cake filtration without deposit erosion,the suspension flow rate decreases to zero, and the suspension does not penetrate deep into the porous medium. In the case of the cake filtration with erosion, the suspension flow rate is nonzero, and the deposit is distributed throughout the entire porous medium. An exact solution is obtained for a constant filtration function. The method of characteristics is used to construct the asymptotics of the concentration front of suspended and retained particles for a filtration function in a general form. Explicit formulae are obtained for a linear filtration function. The properties of these solutions are studied in detail.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82171072)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2021A1515010921).
文摘Dear Editor,We report a rare case of endogenous endophthalmitis caused by Candida albicans in a patient with chronic renal failure concomitant hemodialysis.A 71-year-old man with a history of hypertension and 2-year chronic renal failure on hemodialysis via a native arteriovenous fistula(AVF)was presented to the local hospital due to fever 3wk ago.No pathogens were detected through blood culture on admission,and his fever gradually subsided with intravenous ceftriaxone sodium.After a week of fever,he experienced progressive blurred vision in both eyes,accompanied by pain and headaches.Subsequent magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)of the brain revealed sinusitis.He had not undergone any previous eye surgeries or trauma.
文摘Objective:To investigate the difference in serum ferritin levels between deceased and surviving regular hemodialysis patients with COVID-19.Methods:We conducted a systematic search across four databases following the PRISMA statement guidelines.Studies reporting ferritin levels and mortality of regular hemodialysis patients with COVID-19 were included.Employing the random-effects model,we performed a meta-analysis to determine the mean difference in serum ferritin levels between the studied groups,along with their corresponding 95%confidence intervals.The meta-analysis was carried out using Review Manager 5.4 and Stata 16.Results:A total of 1013 patients from seven studies were included in this study.Our meta-analysis showed higher mean serum ferritin in the deceased compared to surviving regular hemodialysis patients with COVID-19,with a mean difference of 449.43 ng/mL[95%CI(244.07,654.80),P<0.0001;I2=58%,P=0.003].Conclusions:Our study found a higher mean of serum ferritin levels in the deceased compared to surviving regular hemodialysis patients with COVID-19.
文摘It consists of a retrospective study with twenty-two individuals diagnosed with DRC: fourteen HD and eight CAPD, followed up in the dialysis center of Antonio Pedro University Hospital (HUAP) of Fluminense Federal University (UFF), between 2015 and 2017. Fifteen healthy control (HC) subjects were included, without diagnosed CKD. Patients with HIV positive, hepatitis A, B, and C, pregnant, cancer, smokers, alcoholics and those exposed to X-rays in the last 3 months, were excluded. Objectives: As oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction may be linked to the higher prevalence of CVD in CKD patients, we measured the activities of the antioxidants enzymes: SOD and GPx and total NO levels in the plasma and serum of end-stage CKD patients undergoing dialysis therapy, comparing with the HC group. Methods: Quantification of NO levels was performed by fluorometric kit, while activities of SOD and GPx were determined using kinetic methods. Results: We found higher plasma SOD activity in HD (8.58 U/ml) and CAPD (10.14 U/ml), compared to C (3.73 U/ml) group, while GPx activity was decreased in HD (115.38 nmol/h/ml) and CAPD (122.76 nmol/h/ml) groups compared to HC group (275.83 nmol/h/ml). Total serum NO concentration was decreased in HD (14.09 pmol/μl) and CAPD (10.26 pmol/μl), compared to non-CKD patients (49.65 pmol/μl). Conclusion: Decreased total serum NO and GPx activities may lead to endothelial dysfunction and consequently a higher prevalence of CVD in CKD patients.
文摘Background: Neutrophile to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a well-established marker of inflammation. It has been reported to be high in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and it is described as a prognosis factor in hemodialysis patients. However, limited data are available about the normal range of NLR in healthy adults as well as CKD patients including hemodialysis black Africans in Sub-Saharan countries. We sought to study NLR in healthy and advanced CKD in a single Cameroonian health facility. Methods: Blood samples were obtained from blood donors, CKD stage 4 and non-dialysis stage 5, and hemodialysis patients for more than 6 months. Patients with confounding factors such as positive CRP, infection, and recent use of steroids were excluded. RNL means standard deviations (SDs), and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were determined. RNL range was defined as percentiles P2.5 to P97.5. Results: A total of 102 participants were included. Mean age was 40.45 ± 9.97 years and 58.8% were male. Age and sex distribution were similar in the three groups. Leucopenia and neutropenia were common in all the groups. Means NLR was 1.29 ± 0.57 (95% CI 1.08 - 1.49) range between 0.55 to 2.67;2.31 ± 1.3 (95% CI 1.75 - 2.88) with range between 0.69 to 4.31 and 2.14 ± 0.98 (95% CI 1.85 - 2.44) with range between 0.77 to 4.32 respectively in controls, CKD, and hemodialysis participants. NLR was comparable in CKD and hemodialysis patients (p = 0.99). Compared to controls, NLR was significantly elevated in CKD (p = 0.043) and hemodialysis patients (p Conclusion: Our data suggest that the normal range for NLR in adult nongeriatric healthy and advanced CKD patients including those on chronic hemodialysis may vary between 0.55 to 2.67 and 0.69 to 4.32 respectively.
文摘Introduction: Following the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccination has been proposed in several countries as the main preventive measure despite very limited data, particularly in dialysis patients. We conducted this study to assess the immunological response to vaccination in Senegalese hemodialysis patients. Patients and Methods: We conducted a prospective study, in two dialysis centers in Dakar from March 30<sup>th</sup> to August 30<sup>th</sup>, 2021 including patients on hemodialysis for >6 months, vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 according to the vaccination schedule recommended by WHO. A vaccine response was considered positive when seroconversion was observed after one dose of vaccine. The clinical efficacy of immunization was defined as the absence of new COVID-19 infection in patients who received a complete vaccination. Results: Among the 81 patients included in the study, 7.4% had anti-Spike IgM antibodies before their first vaccination. Seroprevalence of IgM antibodies was 38.3% one month after the first vaccine dose (at M1) and 8.6% one month after the second dose (at M4). Anti-Spike IgG antibodies were present in 40.3% of patients before vaccination, in 90.1% at M1, and in 59.7% at M4. Among patients previously infected with SARS-CoV-2, 10.2% had IgM antibodies at M0, 31.6% at M1, and 10.5% at M4 post-vaccination. Similarly, seroprevalences of IgG antibodies in this subgroup were 31.5%, 61.3%, and 50.0% respectively at M0, M1, and M4 post-vaccination. A comparison of seroconversion rates between M0 and M4 showed significant differences only for IgG in COVID-19 naive patients. Mean duration in dialysis and the existence of previous COVID-19 infection were associated with patients’ vaccinal response after the two doses. Age, gender and the use of immunosuppressive treatment did not influence post-vaccinal antibody production. Conclusion: Vaccination against COVID-19 in Senegalese hemodialysis patients induced a low seroconversion rate but it was well tolerated. Moreover, the induced protection was neither strong nor durable, particularly in patients with longer duration in dialysis.
基金Supported by 2021 Wuxi Nursing Association Nursing Scientific Research Project Fund,No.Q202106.
文摘BACKGROUND Diabetic kidney disease(DKD)is a prevalent complication of diabetes that often requires hemodialysis for treatment.In the field of nursing,there is a growing recognition of the importance of humanistic care,which focuses on the holistic needs of patients,including their emotional,psychological,and social well-being.However,the application of humanistic nursing in the context of hemodialysis for DKD patients remains relatively unexplored.AIM To explore the experience of humanistic nursing in hemodialysis nursing for DKD patients.METHODS Ninety-six DKD patients treated with hemodialysis from March 2020 to June 2022 were included in the study and divided into the control cluster(48 cases)and the study cluster(48 cases)according to different nursing methods;the control cluster was given routine nursing and the study cluster was given humanized nursing.The variances of negative emotion mark,blood glucose,renal function,the incidence of complications,life mark and nursing satisfaction before and after nur-sing were contrasted between the two clusters.RESULTS No significant difference in negative emotion markers between the two clusters were observed before nursing(P>0.05),and the negative emotion markers of the two clusters decreased after nursing.The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale markers were lower in the study cluster than the control cluster.The healing rate of patients in the study cluster was significantly higher than the control cluster(97.92%vs 85.42%,P<0.05).Blood glucose parameters were not significantly different between the groups prior to nursing(P>0.05).However,after nursing,blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine(SCr)levels in the study cluster were lower than those in the control cluster(P<0.05).The incidence rate of complications was significantly lower in the study group compared to the control cluster(6.25%vs 20.83%,P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the life markers between the two clusters before nursing.While the life markers increased after nursing for both groups,the 36-item health scale markers in the study cluster were higher than those within the control cluster(P<0.05).Finally,the nursing satisfaction rate was 93.75% in the study cluster,compared to 75% in the control cluster(P<0.05).CONCLUSION In hemodialysis for DKD patients,the implementation of humanistic nursing achieved ideal results,effectively reducing patients’psychological negative emotion markers so that they can actively cooperate with the diagnosis and nursing,facilitate the control of blood glucose and the maintenance of residual renal function,reduce the occurrence of complications,and finally enhance the life quality and nursing satisfaction of patients.It is worthy of being widely popularized and applied.
文摘Objective:To understand the current situation of stigma among elderly hemodialysis patients and to analyze its influencing factors.Methods:Convenience sampling was used to select 242 elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis in one of the two tertiary hospitals in Mianyang City.The survey was carried out from December 2022 to March 2023,with the Basic Information Questionnaire,the Social Influence Scale,and the Collaborative Social Support Scale.All influencing factors were analyzed by correlation analysis,univariate analysis,and multiple linear regression.Results:The average stigma score among elderly hemodialysis patients was 72.94±9.58,and the influencing factors of stigma among elderly hemodialysis patients were determined to be social support and economic status(P<0.05).Conclusion:The occurrence of stigma among elderly hemodialysis patients was at a moderate to high level,and the influencing factors were mainly economic status and social support.To reduce the occurrence of stigma in elderly hemodialysis patients,appropriate economic support from families and social support from medical personnel are needed.
文摘Objective:To study the prevalence of anemia,the proportion of hemoglobin(Hb)levels,the treatment methods,and the influencing factors of Hb levels in maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)and peritoneal dialysis patients.Methods:In this study,602 patients with maintenance hemodialysis and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis were enrolled from December 2020 to December 2022 in our hospital,and their medical records were collected and summarized.The main contents included the patient’s gender,age,primary disease,dialysis duration,dialysis method,the use of erythropoietic stimulating agents(ESA),intravenous iron,and laboratory tests.A Hb index exceeding 110 g/L was set as the standard for the prevalence of anemia.Results:The rate of anemia in patients undergoing blood purification was 83%.The proportion of ESA use was 84.1%,and the proportion of iron use was 76.7%,of which the proportion of intravenous iron used was 17.0%,and the proportion of folic acid used was 28.3%.Conclusion:The incidence of anemia in MHD patients was relatively high,with a low proportion of patients reaching the standard Hb levels.Risk factors include albumin(ALB)levels,iron storage,white blood cells,C-reactive protein,cholesterol,etc.Nutritional support,iron supplementation,and prevention of micro-inflammatory reactions can effectively promote the improvement of Hb indicators in dialysis patients to prevent anemia.
文摘Objective:To explore the preventive effect of comprehensive nursing intervention on arteriovenous fistula failure in patients in the hemodialysis room.Methods:82 patients with arteriovenous fistula in the hemodialysis chamber treated in our hospital from July 2022 to October 2023 were selected as the research subjects.The random number table method divided them into a control group and an experimental group of 41 cases each.The control group received general nursing intervention measures,while the experimental group underwent comprehensive nursing intervention.The incidence of complications(internal fistula failure,bleeding,thrombosis,infection),psychological emotions(SAS scale,SDS scale),quality of life(physical pain,physiological function,emotional function,social function),and nursing satisfaction(very satisfied,basically satisfied,satisfied,dissatisfied)were compared between the two groups of patients.Results:The incidence of complications in the experimental group(4,9.76%)was significantly lower than that in the control group(29,70.73%);the SAS scores and SDS scores of the patients in the experimental group after intervention were both lower than those in the control group;the quality of life score(physical pain,physiological function,emotional function,and social function)was all higher than those of the control group;the post-intervention nursing satisfaction of the experimental group(40,97.57%)was also significantly higher than that of the control group(29,73.17%);and the listed differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).Conclusion:For patients with hemodialysis ventricular arteriovenous fistula failure,comprehensive nursing intervention can reduce the incidence of complications,relieve anxiety and stress,improve quality of life and nursing satisfaction,and achieve better preventive effects.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (22075046,51972063)Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholar of Fujian Province (2020J06038)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (2020J01514,2019J01652,2019J01256)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Pre-station) (Project No.2019TQ0061)111 Project (No.D17005).
文摘Air-borne pollutants in particulate matter(PM)form,produced either physically during industrial processes or certain biological routes,have posed a great threat to human health.Particularly during the current COVID-19 pandemic,effective filtration of the virus is an urgent matter worldwide.In this review,we first introduce some fundamentals about PM,including its source and classification,filtration mechanisms,and evaluation parameters.Advanced filtration materials and their functions are then summarized,among which polymers and MOFs are discussed in detail together with their antibacterial performance.The discussion on the application is divided into end-of-pipe treatment and source control.Finally,we conclude this review with our prospective view on future research in this area.
文摘Introduction: Correct adjustment of dry weight after hemodialysis (HD) with no signs of hypervolemia is important. Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) is the most common complication during HD. IDH occurs in 15% to 30% and possibly in up to 50% of dialysis sessions. IDH augments mortality essentially due to chronic overhydration and the inability to reach the proper dry weight. On-line hemodiafiltration (ol-HDF) has been reported to reduce the frequency of IDH. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of ol-HDF on hemodynamic stability and dry weight adjustment compared with low-flux HD. Methods: IDH-prone HD patients at our center were enrolled. This study was designed as a crossover trial with two phases (A arm: low-flux HD for 8 weeks followed by ol-HDF for 8 weeks vs. B arm: ol-HDF for 8 weeks followed by low-flux HD for 8 weeks) and two treatment arms (ol-HDF vs. low-flux HD), each phase lasting 8 weeks. We measured the proportion of body water using a body composition monitor (BCM). Results: In a comparison of the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) reductions from the baseline blood pressure between the HD and ol-HDF groups, statistically significant differences were observed only in the SBP of the B arm (SBP: HD vs. HDF, -9.83 ± 6.64 vs. -4.62 ± 1.61 mmHg, p = 0.036;DBP: HD vs. HDF, -3.29 ± 4.05 vs. -1.86 ± 1.49 mmHg, p = 0.261). Neither the mean of the interdialytic body weight gains nor the frequency of IDH was different between the A and B arms (p = 0.817 and p = 0.562, respectively). In terms of dialysis modality, there were no significant differences in the amount of overhydration between the conventional HD and ol-HDF groups during the two study phases, as measured by the BCM (A arm: p = 0.875, B arm: p = 0.655). Conclusion: Our study did not show a better benefit of ol-HDF to reach the dry weight compared with low-flux HD in IDH-prone patients.
文摘A mass flow matching model(MFMM)was established for studying the stable status of solution electrospinning.The study of the solution droplet status at the needle tip focused on various combinations of applied voltages and injection rates to figure out their influence on steadily fabricating polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)nanofibers prepared from PVA spinning solutions with two different mass fractions(10%and 16%).The results revealed that during the stable electrospinning,the influence resulted from the change of the injection rate approximately canceled out the impact brought by adjusting the applied voltage,leading to almost the same morphology as that of the PVA nanofibers.And the mass fraction of PVA in the spinning solution dominated the structure and the diameter distribution of the electrospun nanofibers.Under stable electrospinning conditions,the composite membrane was produced by depositing PVA nanofibers on the polyethylene terephthalate(PET)nonwoven substrate for an air filtration test.Furthermore,the prepared composite membrane exhibited a high air filtration efficiency(99.97%)and a low pressure drop(120 Pa)for 300-500 nm neutralized polystyrene latex(PSL)aerosol particles,demonstrating its potential as an alternative for a variety of commercial applications in air filtration.
文摘Background: Bleeding disorders are common and may be a life-threating complication among patients with End Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD), especially for those in hemodialysis (HD). Bleeding risk can be evaluated by hemostatic parameter such as platelet count, prothrombine time (PT) or activated prothromplastin time (aPTT) and may be influenced by duration in HD. Objective: Evaluate bleeding risk in HD patients by analyzing some hemostatic parameters according to duration in dialysis. Patients and methods: We conducted a cross sectional study of 3 months (March to May 2022) in the HD center of the Douala General Hospital. All consenting adult patients with ESKD admitted in HD for less than 3 months or more than 12 months were included. Bleeding risk was evaluated by platelet count, PT, aPTT and fibrinogen. Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to compare data and evaluate association with hemostatic disorder. Results: A total of 80 (60% male) patients were included;30 patients were on HD for less than 3 months and 50 for more than 12 months. Median age was 45 [30 - 60] years in the first group and 43 [30 - 55] years in the second group. Increased bleeding risk was noted in 50% (n = 40) of patients and was similar in both groups. Thrombocytopenia was more common in patients on HD ≥ 12 months (20% (n = 6) vs 44% (n = 22), p = 0.02). Prolong aPTT was more common in HD patients ≥ 3 months (OR = 6.6 [1.88 - 23.5], p = 0.0013) and those with HD catheter (OR = 21.3 [4.6 - 45.7], p < 0.001). Fibrinogen and PT were comparable in both groups. HD catheter was associated with prolong PT (OR = 5.3 CI [1.5 - 8.9], p = 0.03). Conclusion: Increased bleeding risk is common in HD patients. Thrombocytopenia is common in HD patients ≥ 12 months, while prolong aPTT are mainly found in HD patients ≤ 3 months with catheter and may reflect heparin overdose.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Project of China(No.2020YFC2008200)the Program for Zhejiang Leading Talent of S&T Innovation(No.2021R52012)+1 种基金Key Research and Development Projects of Zhejiang Province(No.2022C03112)the Zhejiang Provincial Program for the Cultivation of Leading Talents in Colleges and Universities(No.2020099)。
文摘AIM:To evaluate the trend of glaucoma internal filtration surgeries for inpatients between 2015 and 2021 at the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University.METHODS:A review of the medical records of inpatients who had been diagnosed with glaucoma and received antiglaucoma surgery between January 1,2015 and December 31,2021 was conducted.The glaucoma diagnosis in this study included primary open angle glaucoma,primary angleclosure glaucoma,secondary glaucoma,and paediatric glaucoma.The types of surgeries were categorised as internal filtration,external filtration,and cyclodestruction surgery based on the pathway of aqueous humor outflow.The trend of these glaucoma surgeries in the sample of patients with different types of glaucoma was then analysed.RESULTS:The number of patients hospitalised for glaucoma surgery increased yearly,from 752 in 2015 to 1373 in 2021,at the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University.Regarding the patients diagnosed with primary open angle glaucoma,internal filtration surgery increased from 27.40%of the sample to 54.40%of the sample,while external filtration surgery decreased from 71.50%to 44.20%between 2015 and 2021.For paediatric glaucoma,internal filtration surgery increased from 37.50%in 2015 to 88.20%in 2021.Whilst different types of surgeries were performed on the sample of patients with secondary glaucoma,the proportion of internal filtration surgery also showed an increase from 18.20%in 2015 to 40.90%in 2021.Meanwhile,internal filtration surgery in the patient sample with primary angle-closure glaucoma already accounted for over 70.00%in 2015,and showed a small increase by 2021.CONCLUSION:As surgical technology and surgical experience continue to elevate and improve,the range of glaucoma surgeries are correspondingly evolving.This study find that internal filtration surgeries accounted for an increasing proportion of treatments in the surgical management of glaucoma between 2015 and 2021.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41662004)the Jiangxi Graduate Innovation Fund (YC2021-S557),China。
文摘Organic solvent nanofiltration(OSN)membranes have a great application prospect in organic solvent separation,but the development of OSN membranes is mainly restricted by trade-off between permeability and rejection rate.In this work,a TA/Fe^(3+)polymer was introduced into polyetherimide(PEI)ultrafiltration membranes crosslinked with hexamethylene diamine as the intermediate layer,and OSN membranes with high separation performance and solvent permeability were obtained through interfacial polymerization and solvent activation.The interlayer with high surface hydrophilicity and a fixed pore structure controlled the adsorption/diffusion of the amine monomer during interfacial polymerization,forming a smooth(average surface roughness<5.5 nm),ultra-thin(separation layer thickness reduced from 150 to 16 nm)and dense surface structure polyamide(PA)layer.The PA-Fe^(3+)_3-HDA/PEI membrane retained more than 94%of methyl blue(BS)in 0.1 g·L^(-1)BS ethanol solution at 0.6 MPa,and the ethanol permeation reached 28.56 L^(-1)·m^(-2)·h^(-1).The average flux recovery ratio(FRR)of PA-Fe^(3+)_(3)-HDA/PEI membrane was found to be 84%,which has better fouling resistance than PA-HDA/PEI membrane,and it was found to have better stability performance through different solvent immersion experiments and continuous operation in 0.1 g·L^(-1)BS ethanol solution.Compared with thin-film composite nanofiltration membranes,the PA-Fe^(3+)_(3)-HDA/PEI membrane can be manufactured from an economical and environment-friendly method and overcomes the trade-off between permeability and rejection rate,showing great application potential in organic solvent separation systems.
文摘Delayed onset low molecular weight heparin induced skin necrosis is a rare adverse event. It usually occurs at the site of injection, and typically develops within 2 weeks of starting therapy. However, in our case, we presented a 62-year-old woman who is on Hemodialysis twice a week. Her hemodialysis prescription included Enoxaparine 0.2 cc IV as anticoagulant. On her third month of regular hemodialysis, she developed skin necrosis on her right leg and left hand. The diagnosis was made clinically and by exclusion of other possible causes of skin necrosis in a chronic kidney disease patient, such as calciphylaxis. The most important aspect of management, in this case, is early recognition and withdrawal of its use, which were done in our patient.
文摘Introduction: Our study focused on the evaluation of renal function in children with sickle cell disease compared to children without sickle cell disease at the pediatric emergency unit of the Donka National Hospital and SOS Drepano-Guinea center. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study lasting 3 months (October 1 to December 31, 2020). Were included, all sickle cell and non-sickle cell children aged 0 to 15 received on an outpatient basis and had undergone an exploration of renal function (serum creatinine and urine dipstick). Results: We performed the urine dipstick and serum creatinine in 75 children, 45 of whom were sickle cell and 30 were not sickle cell. 27 of our patients or 36% had a reduction in GFR, among them 9 or 20% were sickle cell and 18 or 60% were not sickle cell. The most affected age group was 5 to 9 years in sickle cell (66.7%) and non-sickle cell (38.9%). In sickle cell patients, 9 cases (100%) had mild renal failure (IRL). Non-sickle cell patients, had 14 cases or 77.8% of IRL and 4 cases (22.2%) of moderate IR. Sickle cell disease and antibiotics which had the respective p-value (0.01);(0.02), were statistically significant with the onset of renal failure. Conclusion: Several factors including sickle cell anemia and antibiotics are believed to be involved in lowering GFR. It would be essential to detect early the children received in consultation.
文摘Background: Hypertension (HTN) is present in up to 90% of end stage kidney disease (ESRD) patients irrespective of the etiology of their kidney disease. Moreover, it is an important modifiable risk factor for progression to ESRD and its overall cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Objective: to evaluate, prospectively, the role of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System blockade (RAAS) in HTN, resistant to 3 conventional antihypertensives, in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Patients and methods: A total of 52 such patients were treated with Ramipril and 5 with Losartan after intolerable cough/shortness of breath following Ramipril-use. None of the patients had fluid depletion, renal artery stenosis and primary endocrinopathy. The study group was compared to a matched control group of MHD patients with normal blood pressure following 3 drugs-combination therapies. Results: All patients, with resistant HTN, had significant activation of RAAS system prior to treatment compared to inactive one in the control group. In those with resistant HTN, control of HTN, was established within 2 weeks of therapy and was associated with suppression of the RAAS. Such therapy was associated with minor side effects. Conclusion: Our study has shown that RAAS blockade is safe and effective in controlling such resistant HTN in MHD patients.
