Background: To explore the hepatoprotective effect of Yigan mingmu oral liquid (YGMM) on isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in rats. Methods: Total 38 SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups including contr...Background: To explore the hepatoprotective effect of Yigan mingmu oral liquid (YGMM) on isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in rats. Methods: Total 38 SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups including control group, model group, silymarin positive control group, and three YGMM treatment groups. Model group was administered intragastrically with INH (100 mg/kg) and RIF (100 mg/kg) for 14 days. Silymarin group and YGMM treatment groups were administered intragastrically with silymarin (100 mg/kg) and different doses of YGMM (1, 2.5, 5 mg/kg) 2 hours before INH and RIF administration from day 4 to day 14.?Results: Rats were sacrificed 16 hours after the last day treatment to determine the activities of serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), as well as total bilirubin (TB) content. Oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Histopathological changes in liver tissues were observed under an optical microscope by using hematoxylin and eosin staining. The mice?in model groups showed significantly (p < 0.05) increased levels in AST, ALT, ALP, TB and MDA compared to their control groups;and showed significantly (p < 0.05) decreased level in T-SOD. These changes were significantly (p < 0.05) reversed by the YGMM treatments in a dose-dependent manner. Hepatic pathological changes were attenuated or even reversed by silymarin or YGMM treatments. Conclusions: YGMM has a good hepatoprotective activity on isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injuries in rats.展开更多
As Egyptian oil and gas downstream information technology has grown digitally over the past decade, security breaches against these digitally connected systems have also increased. These cyber security threats could h...As Egyptian oil and gas downstream information technology has grown digitally over the past decade, security breaches against these digitally connected systems have also increased. These cyber security threats could have devastating effects on the operations and reputation of these companies. Preventing such cyberattacks is crucial. Especially, with the significance of the Egyptian oil and gas downstream sector to the local economy and the fact that many of these connected systems are sometimes managed remotely. This paper examines the value of the ISO 27001 standard in mitigating the effect of cyber threat and seeks to inspire decision-makers to the importance of the proactive measures to strengthen their organization’s cybersecurity posture and protect information critical assets. The study stresses the importance of improving the local educational system to bridge the gap between supply and demand for cybersecurity specialists by implementing a structured approach that emphasizes behavior modification to get a high return on investment in cybersecurity awareness.展开更多
文摘Background: To explore the hepatoprotective effect of Yigan mingmu oral liquid (YGMM) on isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in rats. Methods: Total 38 SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups including control group, model group, silymarin positive control group, and three YGMM treatment groups. Model group was administered intragastrically with INH (100 mg/kg) and RIF (100 mg/kg) for 14 days. Silymarin group and YGMM treatment groups were administered intragastrically with silymarin (100 mg/kg) and different doses of YGMM (1, 2.5, 5 mg/kg) 2 hours before INH and RIF administration from day 4 to day 14.?Results: Rats were sacrificed 16 hours after the last day treatment to determine the activities of serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), as well as total bilirubin (TB) content. Oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Histopathological changes in liver tissues were observed under an optical microscope by using hematoxylin and eosin staining. The mice?in model groups showed significantly (p < 0.05) increased levels in AST, ALT, ALP, TB and MDA compared to their control groups;and showed significantly (p < 0.05) decreased level in T-SOD. These changes were significantly (p < 0.05) reversed by the YGMM treatments in a dose-dependent manner. Hepatic pathological changes were attenuated or even reversed by silymarin or YGMM treatments. Conclusions: YGMM has a good hepatoprotective activity on isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injuries in rats.
文摘As Egyptian oil and gas downstream information technology has grown digitally over the past decade, security breaches against these digitally connected systems have also increased. These cyber security threats could have devastating effects on the operations and reputation of these companies. Preventing such cyberattacks is crucial. Especially, with the significance of the Egyptian oil and gas downstream sector to the local economy and the fact that many of these connected systems are sometimes managed remotely. This paper examines the value of the ISO 27001 standard in mitigating the effect of cyber threat and seeks to inspire decision-makers to the importance of the proactive measures to strengthen their organization’s cybersecurity posture and protect information critical assets. The study stresses the importance of improving the local educational system to bridge the gap between supply and demand for cybersecurity specialists by implementing a structured approach that emphasizes behavior modification to get a high return on investment in cybersecurity awareness.
