文章对分离于自然环境中的一株异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌的氮代谢特性进行研究,以期为解释异养硝化和好氧反硝化的机制和为生物脱氮工艺提供理论依据。用16S r DNA基因序列分析法对分离菌株进行鉴定。以铵盐、硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐作为细菌氮源...文章对分离于自然环境中的一株异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌的氮代谢特性进行研究,以期为解释异养硝化和好氧反硝化的机制和为生物脱氮工艺提供理论依据。用16S r DNA基因序列分析法对分离菌株进行鉴定。以铵盐、硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐作为细菌氮源,每隔3 h连续取样,检测培养基中氮和细菌浓度的变化。经鉴定该菌株属于肺炎克雷伯氏杆菌(Klebsiella pneumoniae)。该菌株具有降解铵盐、硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的作用,24 h内的降解率分别为96%、100%、100%,氮去除速率分别为4.8、2.2、3.3 mg/(L·h)。该研究为中国内首次报道环境肺炎克雷伯氏杆菌具异养硝化与好氧反硝化特性,提示该类细菌具重要生态作用,广泛参与环境氮循环,也是污水中去除氮的一类可选微生物资源。展开更多
从实验室处理高盐度废水的SBR反应器中,分离得到了三株耐盐异养硝化菌与三株耐盐好氧反硝化菌,本实验将此六株菌混合培养试图构建同步硝化反硝化(Simultaneous Nitrification and Denitrification,简称SND)体系,研究了它们降解氨氮及其...从实验室处理高盐度废水的SBR反应器中,分离得到了三株耐盐异养硝化菌与三株耐盐好氧反硝化菌,本实验将此六株菌混合培养试图构建同步硝化反硝化(Simultaneous Nitrification and Denitrification,简称SND)体系,研究了它们降解氨氮及其中间产物硝态氮和亚硝态氮的规律以及盐度对系统脱氮效率的影响。所构建的同步硝化反硝化体系能在完全好氧条件下将氨氮转化为亚硝氮,随即还原为N_(2)排放,体系能耐受较高浓度的氨氮负荷和盐度,整个生物脱氮过程历时较短,且无中间产物NO_(2)^(-)和NO_(3)^(-)的积累。展开更多
从海水养殖场的生物膜,逛荡河口淤泥,烟大三元湖底泥中分离筛选出8株异养硝化细菌和8株好氧反硝化细菌.分别对16株细菌的异养硝化性能和好氧反硝化性能进行测定,结果表明,异养硝化细菌Y-3、Y-6、Y-7的72 h NH4+-N去除率分别为95.65%、96...从海水养殖场的生物膜,逛荡河口淤泥,烟大三元湖底泥中分离筛选出8株异养硝化细菌和8株好氧反硝化细菌.分别对16株细菌的异养硝化性能和好氧反硝化性能进行测定,结果表明,异养硝化细菌Y-3、Y-6、Y-7的72 h NH4+-N去除率分别为95.65%、96.60%、96.09%,好氧反硝化细菌F-3、F-5、F-7的72 h NO3--N去除率分别为76.20%、75.87%、76.00%.选择性能较高的3株异养硝化细菌和3株好氧反硝化细菌进行传统生理生化鉴定,并对各菌株的16S r DNA序列进行测定及分析,结果表明,Y-3和F-3为除烃海杆菌(Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus),Y-6为溶藻孤菌(Vibrio alginolyticus),Y-7和F-7为恶臭假单胞菌(Pseudomonas putida),F-5为海洋单胞菌属(Oceanimonas sp.).展开更多
The ammonium exceedance discharge from sewage treatment plants has a great risk to the stable operation of subsequent constructed wetlands(CWs).The effects of high ammonium shocks on submerged macrophytes and epiphyti...The ammonium exceedance discharge from sewage treatment plants has a great risk to the stable operation of subsequent constructed wetlands(CWs).The effects of high ammonium shocks on submerged macrophytes and epiphytic biofilms on the leaves of submerged macrophytes in CWs were rarely mentioned in previous studies.In this paper,the 16S rRNA sequencing method was used to investigate the variation of the microbial communities in biofilms on the leaves of Vallisneria natans plants while the growth characteristics of V.natans plants were measured at different initial ammonium concentrations.The results demonstrated that the total chlorophyll and soluble sugar synthesis of V.natans plants decreased by 51.45%and 57.16%,respectively,and malondialdehyde content increased threefold after8 days if the initial NH_(4)^(+)-N concentration was more than 5 mg/L.Algal density,bacterial quantity,dissolved oxygen,and pH increased with high ammonium shocks.The average removal efficiencies of total nitrogen and NH_(4)^(+)-N reached 73.26%and 83.94%,respectively.The heat map and relative abundance analysis represented that the relative abundances of phyla Proteobacteria,Cyanobacteria,and Bacteroidetes increased.The numbers of autotrophic nitrifiers and heterotrophic nitrification aerobic denitrification(HNAD)bacteria expanded in biofilms.In particular,HNAD bacteria of Flavobacterium,Hydrogenophaga,Acidovorax,Acinetobacter,Pseudomonas,Aeromonas,and Azospira had higher abundances than autotrophic nitrifiers because there were organic matters secreted from declining leaves of V.natans plants.The analysis of the nitrogen metabolic pathway showed aerobic denitrification was the main nitrogen removal pathway.Thus,the nitrification and denitrification bacterial communities increased in epiphytic biofilms on submerged macrophytes in constructed wetlands while submerged macrophytes declined under ammonium shock loading.展开更多
文摘从实验室处理高盐度废水的SBR反应器中,分离得到了三株耐盐异养硝化菌与三株耐盐好氧反硝化菌,本实验将此六株菌混合培养试图构建同步硝化反硝化(Simultaneous Nitrification and Denitrification,简称SND)体系,研究了它们降解氨氮及其中间产物硝态氮和亚硝态氮的规律以及盐度对系统脱氮效率的影响。所构建的同步硝化反硝化体系能在完全好氧条件下将氨氮转化为亚硝氮,随即还原为N_(2)排放,体系能耐受较高浓度的氨氮负荷和盐度,整个生物脱氮过程历时较短,且无中间产物NO_(2)^(-)和NO_(3)^(-)的积累。
文摘从海水养殖场的生物膜,逛荡河口淤泥,烟大三元湖底泥中分离筛选出8株异养硝化细菌和8株好氧反硝化细菌.分别对16株细菌的异养硝化性能和好氧反硝化性能进行测定,结果表明,异养硝化细菌Y-3、Y-6、Y-7的72 h NH4+-N去除率分别为95.65%、96.60%、96.09%,好氧反硝化细菌F-3、F-5、F-7的72 h NO3--N去除率分别为76.20%、75.87%、76.00%.选择性能较高的3株异养硝化细菌和3株好氧反硝化细菌进行传统生理生化鉴定,并对各菌株的16S r DNA序列进行测定及分析,结果表明,Y-3和F-3为除烃海杆菌(Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus),Y-6为溶藻孤菌(Vibrio alginolyticus),Y-7和F-7为恶臭假单胞菌(Pseudomonas putida),F-5为海洋单胞菌属(Oceanimonas sp.).
基金supported by the National Special Program of Water Environment(No.2017ZX07204002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41871082)。
文摘The ammonium exceedance discharge from sewage treatment plants has a great risk to the stable operation of subsequent constructed wetlands(CWs).The effects of high ammonium shocks on submerged macrophytes and epiphytic biofilms on the leaves of submerged macrophytes in CWs were rarely mentioned in previous studies.In this paper,the 16S rRNA sequencing method was used to investigate the variation of the microbial communities in biofilms on the leaves of Vallisneria natans plants while the growth characteristics of V.natans plants were measured at different initial ammonium concentrations.The results demonstrated that the total chlorophyll and soluble sugar synthesis of V.natans plants decreased by 51.45%and 57.16%,respectively,and malondialdehyde content increased threefold after8 days if the initial NH_(4)^(+)-N concentration was more than 5 mg/L.Algal density,bacterial quantity,dissolved oxygen,and pH increased with high ammonium shocks.The average removal efficiencies of total nitrogen and NH_(4)^(+)-N reached 73.26%and 83.94%,respectively.The heat map and relative abundance analysis represented that the relative abundances of phyla Proteobacteria,Cyanobacteria,and Bacteroidetes increased.The numbers of autotrophic nitrifiers and heterotrophic nitrification aerobic denitrification(HNAD)bacteria expanded in biofilms.In particular,HNAD bacteria of Flavobacterium,Hydrogenophaga,Acidovorax,Acinetobacter,Pseudomonas,Aeromonas,and Azospira had higher abundances than autotrophic nitrifiers because there were organic matters secreted from declining leaves of V.natans plants.The analysis of the nitrogen metabolic pathway showed aerobic denitrification was the main nitrogen removal pathway.Thus,the nitrification and denitrification bacterial communities increased in epiphytic biofilms on submerged macrophytes in constructed wetlands while submerged macrophytes declined under ammonium shock loading.
