Objective:Systematically evaluate the rehabilitation effect of high-intensity intermittent exercise(HIIT)on cardiovascular function in stroke patients,in order to provide a basis for selecting the best rehabilitation ...Objective:Systematically evaluate the rehabilitation effect of high-intensity intermittent exercise(HIIT)on cardiovascular function in stroke patients,in order to provide a basis for selecting the best rehabilitation plan for stroke patients.Methods:Computer retrieval of CNKI,WanFang Data,VIP,CBM,Pubmed,EMbase,Web of science,The Cochrane Library databases was conducted from the establishment of the database until March 2023.Randomized controlled trials on HIIT improving cardiovascular function in stroke patients were included,and the included literature was screened,data extracted,and bias risk evaluated.Then,metaanalysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4 software and Stata17.0 software.Results:In the end,9 articles met the research criteria,with a total of 428 patients.The meta-analysis results showed that compared with the control group,HIIT had significant effects on peak oxygen uptake(VO2peak)[MD=3.87,95%CI(3.43,4.31),P<0.00001],minute ventilation(VE)[MD=7.14,95%CI(4.34,9.94),P<0.00001],peak power(WRpeak)[MD=17.13,95%CI(13.7320.54),P<0.00001],6-minute walking distance(6MWD)[MD=43.82,95%CI(16.08,71.56),P=0.002],The intervention effect of the 10 meter walking test(10MWT)[MD=-2.00,95%CI(-2.91,-1.08),P<0.0001]was better than that of the control group.Conclusion:The current analysis results show that compared to conventional rehabilitation therapy or continuous aerobic exercise,HIIT has more advantages in improving the cardiopulmonary function of stroke patients.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the impact of resistance training and aerobic exercise before doula-assisted delivery on the psychological well-being and labor duration of parturients.Methods:105 cases of parturients who gav...Objective:To investigate the impact of resistance training and aerobic exercise before doula-assisted delivery on the psychological well-being and labor duration of parturients.Methods:105 cases of parturients who gave birth in our hospital from February 2021 to April 2023 were included in this study.The patients were divided into a control group of 52 cases and an observation group of 53 cases.The patients in the control group received no particular intervention before delivery and only received doula assistance.The patients in the observation group received resistance training,aerobic exercise,and doula assistance prior to giving birth.After delivery,the mothers were observed for 2 hours in the delivery room and then returned to the maternal and infant ward.The observation indicators of the two groups were compared.Results:In comparison to the control group,the observation group exhibited shorter durations in the first,second,and third stages of labor,as well as the total delivery time.Additionally,the amount of postpartum blood loss at 2 hours was smaller in the observation group.The rate of cesarean section was lower,and the rate of vaginal natural delivery was higher in the observation group.Following the intervention,both groups of postpartum women showed decreased SAS and SDS scores compared to before the intervention.Moreover,the observation group had lower scores than the control group.These differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Resistance training and aerobic exercise before doula-assisted delivery can effectively improve the psychological state of parturients,shorten labor duration,increase the rate of natural vaginal delivery,and reduce pain and postpartum hemorrhage.展开更多
Aerobic capacity, which is expressed as peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), is well-known to be an independent predictor of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular prognosis. This is true even for people with various co...Aerobic capacity, which is expressed as peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), is well-known to be an independent predictor of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular prognosis. This is true even for people with various coronary risk factors and cardiovascular diseases. Although exercise training is the best method to improve VO2peak, the guidelines of most academic societies recommend 150 or 75 min of moderate- or vigorous- intensity physical activities, respectively, every week to gain health benefits. For general health and primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been recognized as an efficient exercise protocol with short exercise sessions. Given the availability of the numerous HIIT protocols, which can be classified into aerobic HIIT and anaerobic HIIT [usually called sprint interval training (SIT)], professionals in health-related fields, including primary physicians and cardiologists, may find it confusing when trying to select an appropriate protocol for their patients. This review describes the classifications of aerobic HIIT and SIT, and their differences in terms of effects, target subjects, adaptability, working mechanisms, and safety. Understanding the HIIT protocols and adopting the correct type for each subject would lead to better improvements in VO2peak with higher adherence and less risk.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the long-term effect of aerobic and/or anaerobic exercise on glycemic control in youths with type 1 diabetes.METHODS:Literature review was performed in spring and summer 2014 using Pub Med/MEDLINE,Goog...AIM:To evaluate the long-term effect of aerobic and/or anaerobic exercise on glycemic control in youths with type 1 diabetes.METHODS:Literature review was performed in spring and summer 2014 using Pub Med/MEDLINE,Google Scholar,Scopus,and Science Direct with the following terms:aerobic,anaerobic,high-intensity,resistance,exercise/training,combined with glycemic/metabolic control,glycated haemoglobin A1c(Hb A1c) and type 1diabetes.Only peer-reviewed articles in English were included published in the last 15 years.It was selected from 1999 to 2014.Glycemic control was measured with Hb A1 c.Studies with an intervention lasting at least 12 wk were included if the Hb A1 c was measured before and after the intervention.RESULTS:A total of nine articles were found,and they were published between the years of 2002-2011.The sample size was 401 diabetic youths(166 males and 235 females) with an age range of 10-19 years except one study,in which the age range was 13-30 years.Study participants were from Australia,Tunisia,Lithuania,Taiwan,Turkey,Brazilia,Belgium,Egypt and France.Four studies were aerobic-based,four were combined aerobic and anaerobic programs,and one compared aerobic exercise to anaerobic one.Available studies had insufficient evidence that any type of exercise or combined training would clearly improve the glycemic control in type 1 diabetic youth.Only three(two aerobic-based and one combined) studies could provide a significant positive change in glycemic control.CONCLUSION:The regular physical exercise has several other valuable physiological and health benefits that justify the inclusion of exercise in pediatric diabetes treatment and care.展开更多
Ca^(2+) channel blockers have been shown to protect neurons from ischemia, and aerobic exercise has significant protective effects on a variety of chronic diseases. The present study injected huwentoxin-I(HWTX-I), a s...Ca^(2+) channel blockers have been shown to protect neurons from ischemia, and aerobic exercise has significant protective effects on a variety of chronic diseases. The present study injected huwentoxin-I(HWTX-I), a spider peptide toxin that blocks Ca^(2+) channels, into the caudal vein of a chronic cerebral ischemia mouse model, once every 2 days, for a total of 15 injections. During this time, a subgroup of mice was subjected to treadmill exercise for 5 weeks. Results showed amelioration of cortical injury and improved neurological function in mice with chronic cerebral ischemia in the HWTX-I + aerobic exercise group. The combined effects of HWTX-I and exercise were superior to HWTX-I or aerobic exercise alone. HWTX-I effectively activated the Notch signal transduction pathway in brain tissue. Aerobic exercise up-regulated synaptophysin m RNA expression. These results demonstrated that aerobic exercise, in combination with HWTX-I, effectively relieved neuronal injury induced by chronic cerebral ischemia via the Notch signaling pathway and promoting synaptic regeneration.展开更多
Background:Individuals with diabetes have greater central arterial stiffness,wave reflections,and hemodynamics,all of which promote the accelerated cardiovascular pathology seen in this population.Acute aerobic exerci...Background:Individuals with diabetes have greater central arterial stiffness,wave reflections,and hemodynamics,all of which promote the accelerated cardiovascular pathology seen in this population.Acute aerobic exercise has been shown to be an effective strategy for reducing central arterial stiffness,wave reflections,and hemodynamics in healthy individuals;however,the effects of acute aerobic exercise in reducing these outcomes is not well established in people with diabetes.Recently,implementation of high-intensity interval exercise(HIIE)has shown superior improvements in cardiovascular health outcomes when compared to traditional aerobic exercise.Yet,the effect of HIIE on the aforementioned outcomes in people with diabetes is not known.The purpose of this study was to(i)describe the central arterial stiffness,wave reflections,and hemodynamic responses to a bout of HIIE and moderate-intensity continuous exercise(MICE)in adults with diabetes;and(ii)compare the effects of HIIE and MICE on the aforementioned outcomes.Methods:A total of 24 adult men and women(aged 29-59 years old)with type 1(n=12)and type 2(n=12)diabetes participated in a randomized cross-over study.All participants completed the following protocols:(i)HIIE:cycling for 4×4 min at 85%-95%of heart rate peak(HR_(peak)),interspersed with 3 min of active recovery at 60%-70%HR_(peak);(ii)MICE:33 min of continuous cycling at 60%-70%HR_(peak);and(iii)control(CON):lying quietly in a supine position for 30 min.Results:A significant group￡time effect was found for changes in central systolic blood pressure(F=3.20,p=0.01)with a transient reduction for the HIIE group but not for the MICE or CON groups.There was a significant group￡time effect for changes in augmentation index at a heart rate of 75 beats/min(F=2.32,p=0.04)with a decrease following for HIIE and MICE but not for CON.For all other measures of central arterial stiffness and hemodynamics,no significant changes were observed(p>0.05).Conclusion:A bout of HIIE appears to lead to a greater transient reduction in central systolic blood pressure than the reduction observed following MICE;however,both HIIE and MICE improved augmentation index at a heart rate of 75 beats/min in people with diabetes.There was no significant difference in response to HIIE and MICE in all outcomes.This provides preliminary evidence on the role of HIIE on such outcomes in people with diabetes.展开更多
Physical exercise is one of the most effective methods to help prevent cardiovascular(CV) disease and to promote CV health. Aerobic and anaerobic exercises are two types of exercise that differ based on the intensity,...Physical exercise is one of the most effective methods to help prevent cardiovascular(CV) disease and to promote CV health. Aerobic and anaerobic exercises are two types of exercise that differ based on the intensity, interval and types of muscle fibers incorporated. In this article, we aim to further elaborate on these two categories of physical exercise and to help decipher which provides the most effective means of promoting CV health.展开更多
Objective To study the effect of 4-6 weeks' treadmill training of male SD rats on the contractile function of their gastrocnemius myosin heavy chain (MHC). Methods Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into con...Objective To study the effect of 4-6 weeks' treadmill training of male SD rats on the contractile function of their gastrocnemius myosin heavy chain (MHC). Methods Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into control group and training group. The treadmill training of the training group rats was incessantly performed for 4-6 weeks at an intensity of about 75% VO2max (18.5-24 m/min,gradient of 0°,each training session lasting 50 minutes,twice a day). The content of gastrocnemius MHC mRNA was tested by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),and the changes of muscle fibre and its cross-section area (CSA) were measured using immunohistochemistry. Electric stimulation tests were used to determine the maximal tension of isometric contraction of the post-training gastrocnemius. Results ① After continuous treadmill training for 4-6 weeks,we found that the content of the total MHC,MHC Ⅰ,MHC Ⅱx,MHC Ⅱa mRNAs was 105%,105%,109% and 108% of that in the resting control group,respectively,and the MHC Ⅱb mRNA content did not change significantly. The percentage of MHC Ⅰ mRNA in the total MHC mRNA increased while that of MHC Ⅱ mRNA decreased after aerobic training. ② The slow type of fibre type Ⅰ was the main part of the MHC after training and the CSA of the muscle fibres increased simultaneously. ③ The maximal tension of isometric contraction by pulse stimulation of square wave in the training group increased significantly compared with that in the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion The findings indicate that aerobic exercise may promote an increase in the contractile function of MHC.展开更多
Objective The neuroprotective function of heat shock protein A5(HSPA5)in ischemic stroke has been confirmed.This study aimed to investigate the effects of early aerobic exercise on neurological function recovery from ...Objective The neuroprotective function of heat shock protein A5(HSPA5)in ischemic stroke has been confirmed.This study aimed to investigate the effects of early aerobic exercise on neurological function recovery from cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and to determine whether these effects are associated with the expression level of HSPA5 in the ischemic penumbra.Methods A total of 72 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to the ischemia and exercise group[middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)-Ex,n=18],ischemia and sedentary group(MCAO-St,n=18),sham-surgery and exercise group(Sham-Ex,n=18),or sham-surgery and sedentary group(Sham-St,n=18).The MCAO-Ex and MCAO-St groups were subjected to MCAO for 60 min,whereas the Sham-Ex and Sham-St groups were subjected to an identical operation without MCAO.Rats in the MCAO-Ex and Sham-Ex groups then ran on a treadmill for 30 min once a day for 5 consecutive days.After reperfusion,the motor function of the rats was scored by the Bederson neurological function test,balance beam test,and screen test.Nissl staining was conducted to assess morphological and structural change of nerve cells in the ischemic penumbra.The reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was applied to detect the mRNA expression of HSPA5.Western blot analysis was conducted to determine the protein expression of HSPA5.Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling(TUNEL)staining was carried out in the ischemic penumbra after MCAO.Results Rats receiving early treadmill exercise had lower Bederson neurological function,balance beam,and screen test scores on the 3rd,7th,and 14th days after MCAO;in addition,more neurons survived in the ischemic penumbra after MCAO,and higher mRNA and protein expression of HSPA5 and fewer TUNEL-positive stained cells were observed.Conclusion Our study demonstrated that early aerobic exercise can improve neurological function recovery after ischemia/reperfusion.Furthermore,the increased level of HSPA5 in the ischemic penumbra might be one of the mechanisms of enhanced neurological function recovery.展开更多
Objective To study the changes of cardiovascular regulating factors in rats during recovery of aerobic exhaustive exercise. Methods Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group, 1 h-exercise group, ...Objective To study the changes of cardiovascular regulating factors in rats during recovery of aerobic exhaustive exercise. Methods Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group, 1 h-exercise group, 3 h-exercise group, exhausted group, 2 h-recovery group and 12 h-recovery group. The rats were killed at corresponding times for each group after an 8-week-long treadmill training, and the levels of NO, ET, ANP and TXB2 in plasma were measured in each group. Results NO/ET ratio of 1 h-exercise group was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.01), while it was significantly decreased in 3 h-exercise group and exhausted group(P<0.05). ANP contents in rat plasma were significantly higher in 3 h-exercise group, exhausted group and 2 h-recovery group than that in control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01). The concentration of TXB2 in plasma was significantly increased in 3 h-exercise group, exhausted group and 2 h-recovery group(P<0.05). Conclusion Changes in cardiovascular regulating factors after exhaustive exercise may lead to deficiency of coronary circulation blood/oxygen supply, which may cause exerciseinduced fatigue.展开更多
Self-selected exercise intensity can be a useful exercise prescription tool for older adults;however, it is not known if it can elicit improvements in walking and aerobic capacity. In older adults, effects of concentr...Self-selected exercise intensity can be a useful exercise prescription tool for older adults;however, it is not known if it can elicit improvements in walking and aerobic capacity. In older adults, effects of concentric or eccentric endurance exercise at self-selected walking speed were examined on 1-mile indoor walk performance, predicted maximum oxygen uptake and physiological parameters. Twenty-four older adults (67 ± 4 years) completed 3 × 30 min treadmill walks per week for 12-weeks on level (LTW, n = 11, 0%) or downhill (DTW, n = 13, ﹣10%) treadmill gradient at a self- selected speed, which progressed every 4 weeks. Maximal oxygen uptake was predicted using a 1-mile walk at 4-week intervals with physiological responses recorded using a portable metabolic system. One-mile walking speed increased from baseline following 8- and 12-weeks (12 weeks: LTW: 13% ± 6%, DTW: 14% ± 9%,展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the benefit of aerobic exercise on colonic transit time(CTT)for psychiatric inpatients in a closed ward.METHODS:Sixty consecutive adult inpatients of the Somang Hospital Psychiatry Unit(Eumsung-gun,Sou...AIM:To evaluate the benefit of aerobic exercise on colonic transit time(CTT)for psychiatric inpatients in a closed ward.METHODS:Sixty consecutive adult inpatients of the Somang Hospital Psychiatry Unit(Eumsung-gun,South Korea),without CTT-related diseases or drug therapies,were recruited for study from March to June of 2012.Upon enrollment,the patients were randomly assigned to partake in a 12-wk instructor-led group aerobic exercise program(exercise group;n=30)or to maintain their ordinary daily activities(control group;n=30).The exercise program was structured as 10 min warm-up(stretching),40 min exercise,and 10 min cool-down(stretching)for three days each week.The exercise sessions consisted of walking only in week one and aerobics from weeks two to 12,with increasing intensity(50%heart rate reserve(HRR)for weeks one to four,60%HRR for weeks five to eight,and 70%HRR for weeks nine to 12).CTT was measured before(baseline)and after(week 12)the exercise program,in duplicate(on days four and seven),using abdominal radiography and the multiple radio-opaque marker technique.Changes in the exercising patients’CTT and weight-,cardiovascular-and fitness-related parameters were statistically assessed.RESULTS:The study dropout rate was 30.0%,with 23patients in the exercise group and 19 patients in the control group completing the study.At week 12,the exercise group showed decreases in body weight(mean±SE)baseline:69.4±2.8 vs study-end:67.6±2.7;P<0.635)and body mass index(BMI)(25.2±1.1 vs24.9±0.8;P<0.810),but the extent of change was not significantly different from that experienced by the control group(body weight:68.8±4.0 vs 68.8±3.9;BMI:24.3±1.1 vs 24.4±1.2).However,the exercise group showed significant improvements in leg muscle strength(baseline:41.7±4.3 vs study-end:64.1±5.0;P<0.001),cardio-respiratory endurance(120.5±4.5vs 105.4±2.8;P<0.004),and leg muscle elasticity and power output(21.5±2.6 vs 30.6±2.8;P<0.001).The exercise group showed an exercise-induced reduction in total CTT(baseline:54.2±8.0 vs 30.3±6.1),which was significantly different from that experienced by the control group over the 12-wk period(48.6±9.3vs 48.3±12.3;P=0.027);however,the exercise-induced decreases in CTT involving the three colonic segments examined(right,left and recto-sigmoid)showed no significant differences from the control group.CONCLUSION:A 12-wk aerobic exercise program can benefit psychiatric inpatients by increasing intestinal motility,possibly decreasing risk of metabolic-and cardiovascular-related disease.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)refers to any fatty liver disease that is not due to excessive use of alcohol.NAFLD probably results from abnormal hepatic lipid metabolism and insulin resistance.Aer...BACKGROUND:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)refers to any fatty liver disease that is not due to excessive use of alcohol.NAFLD probably results from abnormal hepatic lipid metabolism and insulin resistance.Aerobic exercise is shown to improve NAFLD.This review aimed to evaluate the molecular mechanisms involved in the beneficial effects of aerobic exercise on NAFLD.DATA SOURCE:We searched articles in English on the role of aerobic exercise in NAFLD therapy in Pub Med.展开更多
Objective: This study was conducted to examine the effects of aerobic exercise alone and aerobic exercise with resistance training on the quality of life in men over the age of 55 years with type 2 diabetes mellitus. ...Objective: This study was conducted to examine the effects of aerobic exercise alone and aerobic exercise with resistance training on the quality of life in men over the age of 55 years with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A total of 54 participants were divided into the following three groups so that there were no significant differences in blood chemistry or physical ability indexes among the three groups: control, aerobic exercise, and aerobic exercise with resistance training. The latter two groups exercised for 24 weeks, while the control group performed no exercise. Blood chemistry levels and measures of physical ability in each group members were examined one day before and one day after the exercise regimens. Results: Compared with those before the study, blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, triglycerides, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein levels as well as vital capacity, reaction time, sit-and-reach ability, and balancing while standing on one leg with closed eyes were significantly improved in the aerobic exercise only group(P < 0.05). All these measures as well as high-density lipoprotein levels and grip, back, and leg strength were significantly improved in the combined aerobic and resistance training group(P < 0.05). By contrast, no significant differences before and after the experiment were found in any measure for the control group(P > 0.05). Conclusion: Although both aerobic exercise and aerobic exercise combined with resistance training for 24 weeks effectively improved the quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes, the effect of the combined training was better than that of aerobic exercise alone. These results suggest that resistance training may be safely added to the rehabilitation training regimen of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.展开更多
Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whole-muscle content of several proteins involved in the regulation of skeletal muscle mitochondrial protein content and anaerobic capacity following 4 weeks o...Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whole-muscle content of several proteins involved in the regulation of skeletal muscle mitochondrial protein content and anaerobic capacity following 4 weeks of extremely low-volume high-intensity interval training (HIT). Methods: Young, healthy, recreationally active adult males (n = 8) trained 4 times a week for 4 weeks on a cycle ergometer. Each session involved 4 min of total exercise comprised of eight 20 s intervals at ~170% of peak aerobic power separated by 10 s rest. Muscle biopsies were taken prior to (pre) and ~72 hrs post-training (post). Par- ticipants completed an incremental peak oxygen up- take (VO2peak) test and a Wingate test pre-, mid-, and post-training. Results: VO2peak was elevated (p p < 0.05) and post-training (pre: 40.5 ± 3.8 ml·kg-1·min-1, mid: 43.4 ± 2.5 ml·kg-1·min-1, post-: 47.2 ± 2.9 ml·kg-1·min-1). Wingate mean power also increased with training (pre-: 701.0 ± 73.0 W, mid-: 745.5 ± 73.3 W, post-: 786.8 ± 80.0 W). While maximal citrate synthase activity was unchanged, protein expression of the mitochondrial protein cytochrome c oxidase (COX) subunit I (+27%;p p p = 0.08) increased. Increases (p α (+19%), and nuclear PGC-1α (+46%) were also observed after 4 weeks of HIT. No changes were observed in the whole-muscle contents of PDHe1a, PDK4, SIRT1, mTOR, S6K1, MCT1, or PFK protein. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that several mitochondrial protein (but not citrate synthase activity), PGC-1α protein content, and exercise capacity can be improved in only 4 min of total training time per day, 4 days per wk using HIT cycle training.展开更多
The following article has been retracted due to the conflicts between the authors. The scientific community takes a very strong view on this matter, and HEALTH treats all unethical behavior seriously. This paper publi...The following article has been retracted due to the conflicts between the authors. The scientific community takes a very strong view on this matter, and HEALTH treats all unethical behavior seriously. This paper published in Vol.5 No.11, 1796-1802 (2013) has been removed from this site. Title: Blood glucose response to aerobic exercise training programme among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu South-East, Nigeria Authors: Charles Ikechukwu Ezema, Amarachi Akuegbu Onwunali, Sikiru Lamina, Uche Anthonia Ezugwu, Augustine Amaeze Amaeze, Maduabuchukwu Joseph Nwankwo, Florence Ngozi展开更多
BACKGROUND Evidence for exercise as an efficacious strategy to improve aerobic capacity of breast cancer survivors(BCS)has come largely from intervention studies conducted in laboratory settings.There is an increasing...BACKGROUND Evidence for exercise as an efficacious strategy to improve aerobic capacity of breast cancer survivors(BCS)has come largely from intervention studies conducted in laboratory settings.There is an increasing need to translate to community-type settings,but the efficacy of those interventions using gold standard evaluation is not well-established.AIM To investigate whether similar improvement in aerobic capacity(maximal oxygen consumption[VO2])measured with gold standard testing can be achieved through a community-based setting in BCS.METHODS A peak cardiopulmonary exercise test(VO2peak),6-min walk test(6MWT),and timed up and go test(TUG)were assessed pre-and post-16 wk of progressive intensity aerobic and strength training exercise at a community center.RESULTS The sample consisted of 31 early BCS(<1 year since treatment completion)and 15 controls(CTLs).Both groups significantly improved VO2peak(+1.2 mL/kg/min;P=0.030),6MWT(+35 meters;P<0.001),and TUG(-0.44 s;P<0.01)following training.Both groups improved peak cycling power during the cardiopulmonary exercise test with BCS improving by+10 watts more than the CTLs(P=0.020).Average exercise attendance was 71%(34 of 48 possible days),but compliant days averaged only 60%of total days for aerobic,and<40%for strength in both groups.CONCLUSION Community-based exercise programs can be an effective strategy to improve aerobic capacity and physical function for early-stage BCS but potentially not to the same extent observed in laboratory-based randomized controlled trials.Further research is needed to explore barriers and facilitators of exercise engagement in community-based centers to maximize training benefits for adults with cancer.展开更多
We studied the effects of exercise on muscle mitochondria, and lipid and glycogen content in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) model rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly separated into 3 groups: the control...We studied the effects of exercise on muscle mitochondria, and lipid and glycogen content in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) model rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly separated into 3 groups: the control group was fed standard chow;the NASH group was fed a methionine-choline-deficient high-fat diet (MCD);the NASH-exercise group was fed the MCD and exercised three times a week. Exercise training consisted of continuous running for thirty minutes at a 13 m/min, 6° slope on a motor-driven rodent treadmill for 6 weeks. Mitochondria content in NASH group decreased in the both fiber types compared with those of the control group. As compared between the NASH and NASH-exercise groups, however, exercise not only promoted significant improvements in liver fibrosis and cirrhosis and triglyceride (TG) content but also increased mitochondria content in type I muscle fiber in particular. These data suggest that exercise improved hepatic steatosis in NASH model rats and can prevent the progression of NASH.展开更多
This was a Pre-test/Post-test research designed to study the acute heart rate response of pregnant women to aerobic dance exercise. Twenty four (24) pregnant women with no complications participated in this study. HR ...This was a Pre-test/Post-test research designed to study the acute heart rate response of pregnant women to aerobic dance exercise. Twenty four (24) pregnant women with no complications participated in this study. HR increased significantly after 30 minutes exercise [7.292, P = 0.004 (P < 0.05)] and then decreased significantly again after 30 minutes rest, post exercise [10.00, P = 0.0001 (P < 0.05)]. The heart rate normalised after 30 minutes rest, showing no significant difference from the pre-exercise value [2.708, P = 0.517 (P > 0.05)]. Moderate intensity Aerobic Dance Exercise may not precipitate adverse acute cardiorespiratory response in pregnant women with no complications.展开更多
O<span>steoporosis is an increasingly prevalent malady of the elderly that is associated with bone fragility and increased risk of fractures. Osteoporosis treatments focus on restoring bone strength and quality....O<span>steoporosis is an increasingly prevalent malady of the elderly that is associated with bone fragility and increased risk of fractures. Osteoporosis treatments focus on restoring bone strength and quality. Teriparatide (TPTD) is </span><span>a therapeutic agent that has been shown to increase bone strength by improving the volume and connectivity of trabecular bone. Exercise is also known to have pro-osteogenic effects. Here we used a rat model of severe osteoporosis (ovariectomized and tail-suspension) to evaluate th</span><span>e effects of TPTD, exercise and a combination of TPTD and exercise on the microstructure of trabecular </span><span>bone. TPTD mono-therapy and TPTD combined with exercise treatment significantly increased bone mineral density (BMD) in the whole body</span><span>. </span><span>Micro-computed tomography analysis revealed that </span><span>a combination of exercise and TPTD treatment significantly decreased bone surface to volume and trab</span><span>ecular separation compared with those of the control and exercise groups. Node-strut analysis indicated that exercise or TPTD alone did not affect trabecular bone connectivity. However, the combination of exercise and TPTD treatment significantly decreased measures of tra</span><span>becular bone connectivity (node number) that are consistent with a transition from rod-like to plate-like of trabecular bone microstructures. The combination treatment with exercise and TPTD improved microstructure of trabecular bone in the OVX and tail-suspended rats. These results indicate that combining exercise with TPTD represents a viable means to improve cancellous bone strength in osteoporosis populations.</span>展开更多
基金Beijing Hospital Management Center Youth Talent Training"Young Seedlings"Program(No.QML20212201)。
文摘Objective:Systematically evaluate the rehabilitation effect of high-intensity intermittent exercise(HIIT)on cardiovascular function in stroke patients,in order to provide a basis for selecting the best rehabilitation plan for stroke patients.Methods:Computer retrieval of CNKI,WanFang Data,VIP,CBM,Pubmed,EMbase,Web of science,The Cochrane Library databases was conducted from the establishment of the database until March 2023.Randomized controlled trials on HIIT improving cardiovascular function in stroke patients were included,and the included literature was screened,data extracted,and bias risk evaluated.Then,metaanalysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4 software and Stata17.0 software.Results:In the end,9 articles met the research criteria,with a total of 428 patients.The meta-analysis results showed that compared with the control group,HIIT had significant effects on peak oxygen uptake(VO2peak)[MD=3.87,95%CI(3.43,4.31),P<0.00001],minute ventilation(VE)[MD=7.14,95%CI(4.34,9.94),P<0.00001],peak power(WRpeak)[MD=17.13,95%CI(13.7320.54),P<0.00001],6-minute walking distance(6MWD)[MD=43.82,95%CI(16.08,71.56),P=0.002],The intervention effect of the 10 meter walking test(10MWT)[MD=-2.00,95%CI(-2.91,-1.08),P<0.0001]was better than that of the control group.Conclusion:The current analysis results show that compared to conventional rehabilitation therapy or continuous aerobic exercise,HIIT has more advantages in improving the cardiopulmonary function of stroke patients.
文摘Objective:To investigate the impact of resistance training and aerobic exercise before doula-assisted delivery on the psychological well-being and labor duration of parturients.Methods:105 cases of parturients who gave birth in our hospital from February 2021 to April 2023 were included in this study.The patients were divided into a control group of 52 cases and an observation group of 53 cases.The patients in the control group received no particular intervention before delivery and only received doula assistance.The patients in the observation group received resistance training,aerobic exercise,and doula assistance prior to giving birth.After delivery,the mothers were observed for 2 hours in the delivery room and then returned to the maternal and infant ward.The observation indicators of the two groups were compared.Results:In comparison to the control group,the observation group exhibited shorter durations in the first,second,and third stages of labor,as well as the total delivery time.Additionally,the amount of postpartum blood loss at 2 hours was smaller in the observation group.The rate of cesarean section was lower,and the rate of vaginal natural delivery was higher in the observation group.Following the intervention,both groups of postpartum women showed decreased SAS and SDS scores compared to before the intervention.Moreover,the observation group had lower scores than the control group.These differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Resistance training and aerobic exercise before doula-assisted delivery can effectively improve the psychological state of parturients,shorten labor duration,increase the rate of natural vaginal delivery,and reduce pain and postpartum hemorrhage.
文摘Aerobic capacity, which is expressed as peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), is well-known to be an independent predictor of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular prognosis. This is true even for people with various coronary risk factors and cardiovascular diseases. Although exercise training is the best method to improve VO2peak, the guidelines of most academic societies recommend 150 or 75 min of moderate- or vigorous- intensity physical activities, respectively, every week to gain health benefits. For general health and primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been recognized as an efficient exercise protocol with short exercise sessions. Given the availability of the numerous HIIT protocols, which can be classified into aerobic HIIT and anaerobic HIIT [usually called sprint interval training (SIT)], professionals in health-related fields, including primary physicians and cardiologists, may find it confusing when trying to select an appropriate protocol for their patients. This review describes the classifications of aerobic HIIT and SIT, and their differences in terms of effects, target subjects, adaptability, working mechanisms, and safety. Understanding the HIIT protocols and adopting the correct type for each subject would lead to better improvements in VO2peak with higher adherence and less risk.
文摘AIM:To evaluate the long-term effect of aerobic and/or anaerobic exercise on glycemic control in youths with type 1 diabetes.METHODS:Literature review was performed in spring and summer 2014 using Pub Med/MEDLINE,Google Scholar,Scopus,and Science Direct with the following terms:aerobic,anaerobic,high-intensity,resistance,exercise/training,combined with glycemic/metabolic control,glycated haemoglobin A1c(Hb A1c) and type 1diabetes.Only peer-reviewed articles in English were included published in the last 15 years.It was selected from 1999 to 2014.Glycemic control was measured with Hb A1 c.Studies with an intervention lasting at least 12 wk were included if the Hb A1 c was measured before and after the intervention.RESULTS:A total of nine articles were found,and they were published between the years of 2002-2011.The sample size was 401 diabetic youths(166 males and 235 females) with an age range of 10-19 years except one study,in which the age range was 13-30 years.Study participants were from Australia,Tunisia,Lithuania,Taiwan,Turkey,Brazilia,Belgium,Egypt and France.Four studies were aerobic-based,four were combined aerobic and anaerobic programs,and one compared aerobic exercise to anaerobic one.Available studies had insufficient evidence that any type of exercise or combined training would clearly improve the glycemic control in type 1 diabetic youth.Only three(two aerobic-based and one combined) studies could provide a significant positive change in glycemic control.CONCLUSION:The regular physical exercise has several other valuable physiological and health benefits that justify the inclusion of exercise in pediatric diabetes treatment and care.
基金supported by a grant from the Science and Technology Plans of Jiangxi Province Education Department of China,No.GJJ14705a grant from the Science and Technology Plans of Health and Family Planning Commission of Jiangxi Province of China,No.20175563
文摘Ca^(2+) channel blockers have been shown to protect neurons from ischemia, and aerobic exercise has significant protective effects on a variety of chronic diseases. The present study injected huwentoxin-I(HWTX-I), a spider peptide toxin that blocks Ca^(2+) channels, into the caudal vein of a chronic cerebral ischemia mouse model, once every 2 days, for a total of 15 injections. During this time, a subgroup of mice was subjected to treadmill exercise for 5 weeks. Results showed amelioration of cortical injury and improved neurological function in mice with chronic cerebral ischemia in the HWTX-I + aerobic exercise group. The combined effects of HWTX-I and exercise were superior to HWTX-I or aerobic exercise alone. HWTX-I effectively activated the Notch signal transduction pathway in brain tissue. Aerobic exercise up-regulated synaptophysin m RNA expression. These results demonstrated that aerobic exercise, in combination with HWTX-I, effectively relieved neuronal injury induced by chronic cerebral ischemia via the Notch signaling pathway and promoting synaptic regeneration.
文摘Background:Individuals with diabetes have greater central arterial stiffness,wave reflections,and hemodynamics,all of which promote the accelerated cardiovascular pathology seen in this population.Acute aerobic exercise has been shown to be an effective strategy for reducing central arterial stiffness,wave reflections,and hemodynamics in healthy individuals;however,the effects of acute aerobic exercise in reducing these outcomes is not well established in people with diabetes.Recently,implementation of high-intensity interval exercise(HIIE)has shown superior improvements in cardiovascular health outcomes when compared to traditional aerobic exercise.Yet,the effect of HIIE on the aforementioned outcomes in people with diabetes is not known.The purpose of this study was to(i)describe the central arterial stiffness,wave reflections,and hemodynamic responses to a bout of HIIE and moderate-intensity continuous exercise(MICE)in adults with diabetes;and(ii)compare the effects of HIIE and MICE on the aforementioned outcomes.Methods:A total of 24 adult men and women(aged 29-59 years old)with type 1(n=12)and type 2(n=12)diabetes participated in a randomized cross-over study.All participants completed the following protocols:(i)HIIE:cycling for 4×4 min at 85%-95%of heart rate peak(HR_(peak)),interspersed with 3 min of active recovery at 60%-70%HR_(peak);(ii)MICE:33 min of continuous cycling at 60%-70%HR_(peak);and(iii)control(CON):lying quietly in a supine position for 30 min.Results:A significant group￡time effect was found for changes in central systolic blood pressure(F=3.20,p=0.01)with a transient reduction for the HIIE group but not for the MICE or CON groups.There was a significant group￡time effect for changes in augmentation index at a heart rate of 75 beats/min(F=2.32,p=0.04)with a decrease following for HIIE and MICE but not for CON.For all other measures of central arterial stiffness and hemodynamics,no significant changes were observed(p>0.05).Conclusion:A bout of HIIE appears to lead to a greater transient reduction in central systolic blood pressure than the reduction observed following MICE;however,both HIIE and MICE improved augmentation index at a heart rate of 75 beats/min in people with diabetes.There was no significant difference in response to HIIE and MICE in all outcomes.This provides preliminary evidence on the role of HIIE on such outcomes in people with diabetes.
文摘Physical exercise is one of the most effective methods to help prevent cardiovascular(CV) disease and to promote CV health. Aerobic and anaerobic exercises are two types of exercise that differ based on the intensity, interval and types of muscle fibers incorporated. In this article, we aim to further elaborate on these two categories of physical exercise and to help decipher which provides the most effective means of promoting CV health.
基金supported by 863 Program Key Project (2007AA042100)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (No.2007C216)
文摘Objective To study the effect of 4-6 weeks' treadmill training of male SD rats on the contractile function of their gastrocnemius myosin heavy chain (MHC). Methods Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into control group and training group. The treadmill training of the training group rats was incessantly performed for 4-6 weeks at an intensity of about 75% VO2max (18.5-24 m/min,gradient of 0°,each training session lasting 50 minutes,twice a day). The content of gastrocnemius MHC mRNA was tested by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),and the changes of muscle fibre and its cross-section area (CSA) were measured using immunohistochemistry. Electric stimulation tests were used to determine the maximal tension of isometric contraction of the post-training gastrocnemius. Results ① After continuous treadmill training for 4-6 weeks,we found that the content of the total MHC,MHC Ⅰ,MHC Ⅱx,MHC Ⅱa mRNAs was 105%,105%,109% and 108% of that in the resting control group,respectively,and the MHC Ⅱb mRNA content did not change significantly. The percentage of MHC Ⅰ mRNA in the total MHC mRNA increased while that of MHC Ⅱ mRNA decreased after aerobic training. ② The slow type of fibre type Ⅰ was the main part of the MHC after training and the CSA of the muscle fibres increased simultaneously. ③ The maximal tension of isometric contraction by pulse stimulation of square wave in the training group increased significantly compared with that in the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion The findings indicate that aerobic exercise may promote an increase in the contractile function of MHC.
基金This study was funded by Basic Research Projects in Shanxi Province(No.2015021178)Start-up Funds for Doctoral Research at Shanxi Datong University(No.2014-B-01).
文摘Objective The neuroprotective function of heat shock protein A5(HSPA5)in ischemic stroke has been confirmed.This study aimed to investigate the effects of early aerobic exercise on neurological function recovery from cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and to determine whether these effects are associated with the expression level of HSPA5 in the ischemic penumbra.Methods A total of 72 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to the ischemia and exercise group[middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)-Ex,n=18],ischemia and sedentary group(MCAO-St,n=18),sham-surgery and exercise group(Sham-Ex,n=18),or sham-surgery and sedentary group(Sham-St,n=18).The MCAO-Ex and MCAO-St groups were subjected to MCAO for 60 min,whereas the Sham-Ex and Sham-St groups were subjected to an identical operation without MCAO.Rats in the MCAO-Ex and Sham-Ex groups then ran on a treadmill for 30 min once a day for 5 consecutive days.After reperfusion,the motor function of the rats was scored by the Bederson neurological function test,balance beam test,and screen test.Nissl staining was conducted to assess morphological and structural change of nerve cells in the ischemic penumbra.The reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was applied to detect the mRNA expression of HSPA5.Western blot analysis was conducted to determine the protein expression of HSPA5.Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling(TUNEL)staining was carried out in the ischemic penumbra after MCAO.Results Rats receiving early treadmill exercise had lower Bederson neurological function,balance beam,and screen test scores on the 3rd,7th,and 14th days after MCAO;in addition,more neurons survived in the ischemic penumbra after MCAO,and higher mRNA and protein expression of HSPA5 and fewer TUNEL-positive stained cells were observed.Conclusion Our study demonstrated that early aerobic exercise can improve neurological function recovery after ischemia/reperfusion.Furthermore,the increased level of HSPA5 in the ischemic penumbra might be one of the mechanisms of enhanced neurological function recovery.
基金supported by Soft Science Research Program of Shandong Province(2013RKB01037)"Physical Fitness Testing and Control"Key Laboratory of Shandong Province
文摘Objective To study the changes of cardiovascular regulating factors in rats during recovery of aerobic exhaustive exercise. Methods Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group, 1 h-exercise group, 3 h-exercise group, exhausted group, 2 h-recovery group and 12 h-recovery group. The rats were killed at corresponding times for each group after an 8-week-long treadmill training, and the levels of NO, ET, ANP and TXB2 in plasma were measured in each group. Results NO/ET ratio of 1 h-exercise group was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.01), while it was significantly decreased in 3 h-exercise group and exhausted group(P<0.05). ANP contents in rat plasma were significantly higher in 3 h-exercise group, exhausted group and 2 h-recovery group than that in control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01). The concentration of TXB2 in plasma was significantly increased in 3 h-exercise group, exhausted group and 2 h-recovery group(P<0.05). Conclusion Changes in cardiovascular regulating factors after exhaustive exercise may lead to deficiency of coronary circulation blood/oxygen supply, which may cause exerciseinduced fatigue.
文摘Self-selected exercise intensity can be a useful exercise prescription tool for older adults;however, it is not known if it can elicit improvements in walking and aerobic capacity. In older adults, effects of concentric or eccentric endurance exercise at self-selected walking speed were examined on 1-mile indoor walk performance, predicted maximum oxygen uptake and physiological parameters. Twenty-four older adults (67 ± 4 years) completed 3 × 30 min treadmill walks per week for 12-weeks on level (LTW, n = 11, 0%) or downhill (DTW, n = 13, ﹣10%) treadmill gradient at a self- selected speed, which progressed every 4 weeks. Maximal oxygen uptake was predicted using a 1-mile walk at 4-week intervals with physiological responses recorded using a portable metabolic system. One-mile walking speed increased from baseline following 8- and 12-weeks (12 weeks: LTW: 13% ± 6%, DTW: 14% ± 9%,
文摘AIM:To evaluate the benefit of aerobic exercise on colonic transit time(CTT)for psychiatric inpatients in a closed ward.METHODS:Sixty consecutive adult inpatients of the Somang Hospital Psychiatry Unit(Eumsung-gun,South Korea),without CTT-related diseases or drug therapies,were recruited for study from March to June of 2012.Upon enrollment,the patients were randomly assigned to partake in a 12-wk instructor-led group aerobic exercise program(exercise group;n=30)or to maintain their ordinary daily activities(control group;n=30).The exercise program was structured as 10 min warm-up(stretching),40 min exercise,and 10 min cool-down(stretching)for three days each week.The exercise sessions consisted of walking only in week one and aerobics from weeks two to 12,with increasing intensity(50%heart rate reserve(HRR)for weeks one to four,60%HRR for weeks five to eight,and 70%HRR for weeks nine to 12).CTT was measured before(baseline)and after(week 12)the exercise program,in duplicate(on days four and seven),using abdominal radiography and the multiple radio-opaque marker technique.Changes in the exercising patients’CTT and weight-,cardiovascular-and fitness-related parameters were statistically assessed.RESULTS:The study dropout rate was 30.0%,with 23patients in the exercise group and 19 patients in the control group completing the study.At week 12,the exercise group showed decreases in body weight(mean±SE)baseline:69.4±2.8 vs study-end:67.6±2.7;P<0.635)and body mass index(BMI)(25.2±1.1 vs24.9±0.8;P<0.810),but the extent of change was not significantly different from that experienced by the control group(body weight:68.8±4.0 vs 68.8±3.9;BMI:24.3±1.1 vs 24.4±1.2).However,the exercise group showed significant improvements in leg muscle strength(baseline:41.7±4.3 vs study-end:64.1±5.0;P<0.001),cardio-respiratory endurance(120.5±4.5vs 105.4±2.8;P<0.004),and leg muscle elasticity and power output(21.5±2.6 vs 30.6±2.8;P<0.001).The exercise group showed an exercise-induced reduction in total CTT(baseline:54.2±8.0 vs 30.3±6.1),which was significantly different from that experienced by the control group over the 12-wk period(48.6±9.3vs 48.3±12.3;P=0.027);however,the exercise-induced decreases in CTT involving the three colonic segments examined(right,left and recto-sigmoid)showed no significant differences from the control group.CONCLUSION:A 12-wk aerobic exercise program can benefit psychiatric inpatients by increasing intestinal motility,possibly decreasing risk of metabolic-and cardiovascular-related disease.
文摘BACKGROUND:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)refers to any fatty liver disease that is not due to excessive use of alcohol.NAFLD probably results from abnormal hepatic lipid metabolism and insulin resistance.Aerobic exercise is shown to improve NAFLD.This review aimed to evaluate the molecular mechanisms involved in the beneficial effects of aerobic exercise on NAFLD.DATA SOURCE:We searched articles in English on the role of aerobic exercise in NAFLD therapy in Pub Med.
文摘Objective: This study was conducted to examine the effects of aerobic exercise alone and aerobic exercise with resistance training on the quality of life in men over the age of 55 years with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A total of 54 participants were divided into the following three groups so that there were no significant differences in blood chemistry or physical ability indexes among the three groups: control, aerobic exercise, and aerobic exercise with resistance training. The latter two groups exercised for 24 weeks, while the control group performed no exercise. Blood chemistry levels and measures of physical ability in each group members were examined one day before and one day after the exercise regimens. Results: Compared with those before the study, blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, triglycerides, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein levels as well as vital capacity, reaction time, sit-and-reach ability, and balancing while standing on one leg with closed eyes were significantly improved in the aerobic exercise only group(P < 0.05). All these measures as well as high-density lipoprotein levels and grip, back, and leg strength were significantly improved in the combined aerobic and resistance training group(P < 0.05). By contrast, no significant differences before and after the experiment were found in any measure for the control group(P > 0.05). Conclusion: Although both aerobic exercise and aerobic exercise combined with resistance training for 24 weeks effectively improved the quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes, the effect of the combined training was better than that of aerobic exercise alone. These results suggest that resistance training may be safely added to the rehabilitation training regimen of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
文摘Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whole-muscle content of several proteins involved in the regulation of skeletal muscle mitochondrial protein content and anaerobic capacity following 4 weeks of extremely low-volume high-intensity interval training (HIT). Methods: Young, healthy, recreationally active adult males (n = 8) trained 4 times a week for 4 weeks on a cycle ergometer. Each session involved 4 min of total exercise comprised of eight 20 s intervals at ~170% of peak aerobic power separated by 10 s rest. Muscle biopsies were taken prior to (pre) and ~72 hrs post-training (post). Par- ticipants completed an incremental peak oxygen up- take (VO2peak) test and a Wingate test pre-, mid-, and post-training. Results: VO2peak was elevated (p p < 0.05) and post-training (pre: 40.5 ± 3.8 ml·kg-1·min-1, mid: 43.4 ± 2.5 ml·kg-1·min-1, post-: 47.2 ± 2.9 ml·kg-1·min-1). Wingate mean power also increased with training (pre-: 701.0 ± 73.0 W, mid-: 745.5 ± 73.3 W, post-: 786.8 ± 80.0 W). While maximal citrate synthase activity was unchanged, protein expression of the mitochondrial protein cytochrome c oxidase (COX) subunit I (+27%;p p p = 0.08) increased. Increases (p α (+19%), and nuclear PGC-1α (+46%) were also observed after 4 weeks of HIT. No changes were observed in the whole-muscle contents of PDHe1a, PDK4, SIRT1, mTOR, S6K1, MCT1, or PFK protein. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that several mitochondrial protein (but not citrate synthase activity), PGC-1α protein content, and exercise capacity can be improved in only 4 min of total training time per day, 4 days per wk using HIT cycle training.
文摘The following article has been retracted due to the conflicts between the authors. The scientific community takes a very strong view on this matter, and HEALTH treats all unethical behavior seriously. This paper published in Vol.5 No.11, 1796-1802 (2013) has been removed from this site. Title: Blood glucose response to aerobic exercise training programme among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu South-East, Nigeria Authors: Charles Ikechukwu Ezema, Amarachi Akuegbu Onwunali, Sikiru Lamina, Uche Anthonia Ezugwu, Augustine Amaeze Amaeze, Maduabuchukwu Joseph Nwankwo, Florence Ngozi
文摘BACKGROUND Evidence for exercise as an efficacious strategy to improve aerobic capacity of breast cancer survivors(BCS)has come largely from intervention studies conducted in laboratory settings.There is an increasing need to translate to community-type settings,but the efficacy of those interventions using gold standard evaluation is not well-established.AIM To investigate whether similar improvement in aerobic capacity(maximal oxygen consumption[VO2])measured with gold standard testing can be achieved through a community-based setting in BCS.METHODS A peak cardiopulmonary exercise test(VO2peak),6-min walk test(6MWT),and timed up and go test(TUG)were assessed pre-and post-16 wk of progressive intensity aerobic and strength training exercise at a community center.RESULTS The sample consisted of 31 early BCS(<1 year since treatment completion)and 15 controls(CTLs).Both groups significantly improved VO2peak(+1.2 mL/kg/min;P=0.030),6MWT(+35 meters;P<0.001),and TUG(-0.44 s;P<0.01)following training.Both groups improved peak cycling power during the cardiopulmonary exercise test with BCS improving by+10 watts more than the CTLs(P=0.020).Average exercise attendance was 71%(34 of 48 possible days),but compliant days averaged only 60%of total days for aerobic,and<40%for strength in both groups.CONCLUSION Community-based exercise programs can be an effective strategy to improve aerobic capacity and physical function for early-stage BCS but potentially not to the same extent observed in laboratory-based randomized controlled trials.Further research is needed to explore barriers and facilitators of exercise engagement in community-based centers to maximize training benefits for adults with cancer.
文摘We studied the effects of exercise on muscle mitochondria, and lipid and glycogen content in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) model rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly separated into 3 groups: the control group was fed standard chow;the NASH group was fed a methionine-choline-deficient high-fat diet (MCD);the NASH-exercise group was fed the MCD and exercised three times a week. Exercise training consisted of continuous running for thirty minutes at a 13 m/min, 6° slope on a motor-driven rodent treadmill for 6 weeks. Mitochondria content in NASH group decreased in the both fiber types compared with those of the control group. As compared between the NASH and NASH-exercise groups, however, exercise not only promoted significant improvements in liver fibrosis and cirrhosis and triglyceride (TG) content but also increased mitochondria content in type I muscle fiber in particular. These data suggest that exercise improved hepatic steatosis in NASH model rats and can prevent the progression of NASH.
文摘This was a Pre-test/Post-test research designed to study the acute heart rate response of pregnant women to aerobic dance exercise. Twenty four (24) pregnant women with no complications participated in this study. HR increased significantly after 30 minutes exercise [7.292, P = 0.004 (P < 0.05)] and then decreased significantly again after 30 minutes rest, post exercise [10.00, P = 0.0001 (P < 0.05)]. The heart rate normalised after 30 minutes rest, showing no significant difference from the pre-exercise value [2.708, P = 0.517 (P > 0.05)]. Moderate intensity Aerobic Dance Exercise may not precipitate adverse acute cardiorespiratory response in pregnant women with no complications.
文摘O<span>steoporosis is an increasingly prevalent malady of the elderly that is associated with bone fragility and increased risk of fractures. Osteoporosis treatments focus on restoring bone strength and quality. Teriparatide (TPTD) is </span><span>a therapeutic agent that has been shown to increase bone strength by improving the volume and connectivity of trabecular bone. Exercise is also known to have pro-osteogenic effects. Here we used a rat model of severe osteoporosis (ovariectomized and tail-suspension) to evaluate th</span><span>e effects of TPTD, exercise and a combination of TPTD and exercise on the microstructure of trabecular </span><span>bone. TPTD mono-therapy and TPTD combined with exercise treatment significantly increased bone mineral density (BMD) in the whole body</span><span>. </span><span>Micro-computed tomography analysis revealed that </span><span>a combination of exercise and TPTD treatment significantly decreased bone surface to volume and trab</span><span>ecular separation compared with those of the control and exercise groups. Node-strut analysis indicated that exercise or TPTD alone did not affect trabecular bone connectivity. However, the combination of exercise and TPTD treatment significantly decreased measures of tra</span><span>becular bone connectivity (node number) that are consistent with a transition from rod-like to plate-like of trabecular bone microstructures. The combination treatment with exercise and TPTD improved microstructure of trabecular bone in the OVX and tail-suspended rats. These results indicate that combining exercise with TPTD represents a viable means to improve cancellous bone strength in osteoporosis populations.</span>
